2008學(xué)年高三第一次模擬測(cè)試
高 三 英 語(yǔ)
注意事項(xiàng)：
1. 本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分。滿分120分，考試用時(shí)120分鐘。
2．答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、流水號(hào)等用黑色簽字筆清楚填寫(xiě)在答題卡I、答題卡Ⅱ上；用２Ｂ鉛筆將自己的流水號(hào)、考試科目涂寫(xiě)在答題卡I上。
3．選擇題部分必須使用２Ｂ鉛筆填涂，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)；非選擇題部分必須使用黑色簽字筆書(shū)寫(xiě)，字體工整、筆跡清楚。
4．非選擇題部分請(qǐng)按照題號(hào)順序在各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效；在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無(wú)效。
5. 保持卡面清潔，不折疊、不破損�？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，只交答題卡。
第Ⅰ卷（選擇題，共80分）
第一部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）
第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空（共20小題；每小題0.5分，滿分10分）
從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
1. ―I’m afraid I can’t get on well in tomorrow’s interview.
―______! You’ve prepared for it for quite a few days and surely you will make it.
A. Good luck B. Cheer up C. Don’t mention it D. Never mind
2. As ______ dusk fell, we seemed to face ______ uncertain future on such a small boat.
A. /; an B. the; a C. /; the D. the; the
3. ―Have you thought of the title for the composition?
―Not yet. I ______ it after I finish writing the composition.
A. will consider B. was considering
C. have considered D. consider
4. My friend Martin is very sick with a strange fever; ______, he can neither eat nor sleep.
A. or else B. ever since C. as a result D. after all
5. ―Did the Australian athletes fly to Beijing directly?
―No, they came to Beijing ______ Hong Kong.
A. by the way B. by way of C. on the way to D. in the way of
6. During
the last Paralympics, all the rooms in the
A. accessible B. available C. convenient D. valid
7. ―I didn’t go to work yesterday afternoon because my car broke down.
―You ______ mine. I wasn’t using it.
A. might borrow B. ought to borrow
C. must have borrowed D. could have borrowed
8. The Chinese government is ______ every measure to prevent the economic situation getting worse.
A. making B. doing C. taking D. using
9. With so many difficult problems ______, the newly-elected president, Obama, is to have a hard time.
A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled
10.The course normally attracts 20 students per year, ______ up to half are from abroad.
A. of whom B. for whom C. in which D. with whom
11. Many experts hold the view ______ teacher development is ______the key to better education lies.
A. which; where B. which; in which C. that ; where D. that; in which
12. ―Do you like Beijing?
―Yes. But I don’t like ______ in autumn when it is often windy and the air is full of dust.
A. what B. it C. that D. one
13. ______ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person.
A. Before B. Since C. While D. Unless
14. Nobody can predict the stock market and you might end up ______ all your money.
A. losing B. lost C. to lose D. lose
15. ―I feel really disappointed not to have got that job.
―Don’t worry, maybe something better will _______.
A. come along B. take on C. go by D. fall down
16. ―I’m sorry for being late. I forgot to set my alarm clock and got up too late.
―There is no ______ for being late. Start your work right away.
A. doubt B. wonder C. use D. excuse
17. ―Where ____ you ______ the book? I’ve been looking for it everywhere.
―I ______ it here, but it’s gone.
A. have left; have left B. did leave; left
C. did leave; have left D. have left; left
18. The mobile phone, together with computers, ______ an important role in our daily life.
A. are playing B. has played C. is playing D. play
19. A good teacher always leaves his students enough time to think and voice their opinions in class, ______ he may not complete his teaching task.
A. in case B. even if C. as long as D. as if
20. ―Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the British Museum?
―Sorry, I’m a stranger here.
―_______.
A. Thanks, anyway B. It doesn’t matter
C. Never mind D. No problem
第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從第21―40各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卷上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
When I was young, I wished for a good car and a big house. That was my idea of _21 . I took all the advanced classes and tried to do well _22_ the exams with my mind set on going to a key school. I just knew that I would _23 become famous and be able to afford the car and the dream _24 . All the way through junior years, my mind was _25 this beautiful future.
Then in the eleventh grade, many 26 _ changed my mind. First, one of my friends 27 at 16. Soon after, my great-grandmother passed away, 28_ by my beloved fourth-grade teacher. These events 29_ me not knowing what to do or where to go. Death had never touched me so __ 30 _.
After a long period of emptiness, it finally struck me: Life is not promised and 31 is future success. 32 I was attempting to achieve material success, I was not 33 my daily life. I realized that finding inner peace, purpose and happiness will stick with me forever and that is real success.
Enjoying life's precious quirks (偶發(fā)事件) __34 an ordinary person more successful than a wealthy person who isn't 35 and takes everything for granted. The summer before senior years, my 36 changed greatly. Instead of memorizing facts, I began learning skills. Instead of focusing on the 37__ , I focused on today and the many blessings and successes that came with it.
I still get excellent grades, but now I _ 38 weeks to studying instead of struggling for exams, and I 39__ the future with a deeper sense of meaning. For me, being successful means truly living life each 40 .
21. A. success B. family C. development D. growth
22. A. about B. with C. in D. for
23. A. otherwise B. somehow C. soon D. never
24. A. study B. future C. success D. house
25. A. doing B. planning C. describing D. thinking
26. A. losses B. people C. failures D. stories
27. A. left B. graduated C. came D. died
28. A. sent B. followed C. made D. killed
29. A. made B. let C. left D. forced
30. A. angrily B. sadly C. dearly D. closely
31. A. so B. it C. neither D. that
32. A. If B. Though C. Since D. Before
33. A. enjoying B. living C. spending D. wasting
34. A. wants B. creates C. makes D. develops
35. A. successful B. healthy C. satisfactory D. content
36. A. life B. family C. school D. attitude
37. A. future B. grades C. exams D. past
38. A. adjust B. spend C. devote D. contribute
39. A. talk about B. worry about C. think about D. care about
40. A. term B. day C. year D. week
第二部分：閱讀理解（第一節(jié)20小題，第二節(jié)5小題；每小題2分，共50分）
第一節(jié)：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卷上將該選項(xiàng)標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。
A
JIUQUAN, Gansu, Sept.28 (Xinhua) ― Chinese President Hu Jintao congratulated the country's space scientists and taikonauts（太空人）on the successful launch of the manned spacecraft Shenzhou-7 at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on Thursday. "The successful launch marked the first victory of the Shenzhou-7 space mission," Hu told Chinese experts and other work staff at the center after officials declared the spaceship had entered the preset orbit.
The Shenzhou-7 blasted off on a Long
March II-F carrier rocket from the launch center in the northwestern
The space voyage started at 9:10 p.m. on
Thursday from the
After they got into the orbit, the taikonauts carried out their mission. Dressed in homemade Feitian space suit, waving a small Chinese national flag
handed by
The spacewalk was broadcast live on television, with cameras mounted inside and outside the spacecraft.
41. From which page of a newspaper may this text be taken?
A. Business section. B. Education section.
C. Science section. D. News section.
42. Why did Chinese president Hu go to the launch center?
A. To say congratulations to all the scientists in the center.
B. To see off the three taikonauts and watch the launch of the spaceship.
C. To mark the first victory of the Shenzhou 7 mission.
D. To encourage the taikonauts and the scientists in the launch center.
43. All the following statements are true EXCEPT _________.
A. China successfully staged a
spacewalk only next to
B. A lot of people all around the world watched the spacewalk on TV.
C. The space suit that Zhai zhigang wears is made in a western country.
D. Zhai Zhigang waved a national flag while walking in space.
44. What does the underlined phrase “blast off” mean?
A. blow up B. take off C. bring up D. give off
B
Hiring a self-drive car really adds to the enjoyment of your holiday. There are so many places of interest to visit, and if you enjoy seeing more than just the city center there’s no better way to explore than by car.
Hire Charges
What’s included:
a) Unlimited miles
b) Expenses on oil, maintenance（保養(yǎng)）and repairs, which will be repaid on production of invoices（發(fā)票）
c) Full insurance except personal accident (see below) and contents.
What’s not included:
a) Personal accident insurance.
b) Garaging, petrol, parking and traffic fines.
Conditions of Hire
★The shortest rental period at these special low prices is three days. For prices for periods of one or two days you only see our representative at the hotel.
★Car hire must be booked six weeks or more before arrival in London to guarantee a car. But if you have been unable to make a booking in advance please see our representative at the hotel who may still be able to help you.
★The car types on the sheet are examples of the types of cars in each price range, but a particular car cannot be guaranteed.
★Upon delivery the driver(s) will be asked to sign the car hire company’s Conditions of Hire.
★If you decide to hire a car, just fill in the Booking Form and return it to us. A booking fee of £12 as part of the car hire cost is required.
★Should you be forced to cancel your car hire booking after payment in full (two weeks before date of hire), a cancellation charge of £12 will be made.
45. From the advertisement we can see a car hirer will pay .
A. insurance against damage to the car
B. insurance against injury to the driver
C. the cost of maintenance of the car
D. the cost of repairs to the car
46. Which of the following is NOT true judging from the advertisement?
A. Such an advertisement most likely appears in a newspaper.
B. The hire company will pay all the oil expenses in the rental period.
C. No car can be hired if you fail to make a booking six weeks in advance.
D. You have to pay a booking fee when you hire a car from the company.
47. If car hirers change their minds after paying the whole cost of hiring, the £12 booking fee is .
A. partly returned B. doubly paid
C. not returned at all D. returned within six weeks
48. The prices for car hire are especially low when .
A. it is booked for at least three days B it is booked two weeks in advance
C. it is booked for two days D. the booking is made in
C
An exhibition of ceramics (陶瓷) from Jingdezhen, a famous Chinese town producing porcelain, was on in downtown Wangfujing Street, Beijing. I was curious and watched to share the fun. When I went in an elegant set of celadon tableware （精美的青花餐具）drew my attention. Its price tag showed 3,980 RMB, much more than I could afford. But it struck my heartstrings and its elegance made it worth the price. As I had just moved into my new house, I really needed it. I tried to persuade myself: if to buy a luxury that I fortunately met and that fascinated me so much was a fault, it would be a charming fault indeed.
I called a female shopping guide and asked her to take the tableware out of the glass exhibition cupboard where it was laid on a golden velvet（金絲絨）cushion. I wanted a close look to admire its elegance in detail. When she unlocked the cupboard she said enthusiastically to promote the sale, "This tableware is really of high grade. If matched with a set of high-grade table and chairs, it will be much more glorified and extravagant."
Her over-enthusiastic remarks were really inopportune, like hot water spilled from a boiling kettle and destroyed my desire to own the elegant tableware. I was really thankful to her to bring me to my senses.
"Sorry, Miss. I'm not going to watch it any more." I turned abruptly and hurried away from the exhibition hall. The girl was left standstill with astonishment.
She didn't know that I decided giving it up, not because the tableware was anything wrong, but because her advice reminded me the tableware should be matched with a set of high-grade table and chairs to set it off. I’ve already got a set of table and chairs that didn’t go with the elegant tableware.
On
49. Why did the writer want to enter the ceramics exhibition?
A. Because she wanted to buy an elegant set of celadon tableware.
B. Because she wanted to share the pleasure enjoying what was on there.
C. Because she wanted to hear the introduction by the shopping guide.
D. Because she wanted to meet the charming fault.
50. What does the underlined word “inopportune” mean?
A. unsuitable B. attractive C. inexact D. valuable
51. Why did the writer hurry away from the exhibition hall?
A. Because she found the set of tableware too expensive.
B. Because she thought it would be a charming fault to buy a luxury.
C. Because she was asked to buy a set of table and chairs to match the tableware.
D. Because the elegant tableware was too good for her table and chairs at home.
52. Which of the following titles can best summarize the main idea of the passage?
A. Never judge from appearances. B. Think before you leap.
C. It is hard to please all. D. What suits you is the best.
D
In order to see and discover the true soul
of
The history of this ancient struggle, and
its people's ancient love affair with the hard
land, is enclosed within the walls of the
From coastal
Perhaps the most exciting moment for Scottish autonomy（自治） is the one experienced inside this ancient abbey (大修道院) of Arbroath, where, in 1320，the Declaration of Independence was celebrated, at the instigation (發(fā)起) of King Robert the Bruce. He carried out the plan for autonomy drawn up by the great popular hero William Wallace, to whom cinema has dedicated／devoted the wonderful film “Braveheart”, the winner of five Oscars.
This is
Another attraction here is a legendary
monster：the Loch
The true flag of Scotland, tartan, is recognisable from the brightly coloured plaid (格子圖案) patterns which are used to distinguish the various groups of families. Over the last few decades this fabric has made a comeback and is part of the daily life of this country.
Bagpipes and dancing open the competitions of local sporting events, which are called Highland Gatherings.
53. From the
A.
the beautiful scenery of the
B. The hardships of the ancient Scottish to fight against the enemy
C. ancient Scottish’s love of the hard land
D. the history of the Scottish famous palaces and castles
54. The film Braveheart is mainly about ___________.
A. the king Robert the Brace B. the great popular hero William Wallace
C. the king Macbeth D. the Queen Elizabeth
55. What is the fortress built for?
A. Promoting business with neighbouring areas.
B. Providing a shelter from tough weather for travelers.
C. Preventing the people from moving around.
D. Fighting against the invaders of
56. The purpose of the writer is to ___________.
A. introduce some knowledge
about
B. advise
readers to pay a visit to
C. teach
students about the customs of
D.
analyze the geographic formation of
E
A new study says one part of the human brain may become smaller as a result of a condition known as jet lag (飛行時(shí)差反應(yīng)). Jet lag results from flying long distances in an airplane. People with jet lag may feel extremely tired for several days. They may also have problems thinking clearly and remembering.
Recently a researcher at the
The researcher took some saliva from the women’s mouths to measure levels of a hormone (荷爾蒙) that increases during stress. He tested them to see if they could remember where black spots appeared on a computer screen. And he took pictures of their brains to measure the size of the brain’s temporal lobes (腦葉).
It was found that the women who had less time between flights had smaller right temporal lobes. This area of the brain deals with recognizing and remembering what is seen. The same group performed worse and had slower reaction times on the visual memory test. And their saliva samples showed higher levels of stress hormones.
The researcher believes the brain needs at least ten days to recover after a long trip. He says airline workers told him their ability to remember went worse after working on planes for about four years. Other studies have shown that increased feelings of stress can cause a loss of cells in the part of the brain that controls memory.
Scientists say more tests are needed to study the effects of jet lag on the brain. They want to find out if too much jet lag could permanently affect memory.
57. According to the text, jet lag ______. .
A. can cause difficulties in speaking
B. can make people feel tired for a few weeks
C. can be only found in flight attendants
D. can be caused by flying over several time zones
58. It can be inferred from the text that ______. .
A. many scientists refuse to accept that too much jet lag could permanently affect memory.
B. scientists fear that this research is not done properly
C. every scientific conclusion needs the support from many tests
D. the women who were examined in the research were not healthy
59. From the result of the research we can see that ______.
A. the women who have a longer rest between long flights show better memory
B. the women who fly in a short time have smaller right temporal lobes
C. the women who have longer flights fail the memory test
D. the women who rest more than 14 days produce less hormones
60. What is the subject discussed in the text?
A. The cause of jet lag.
B. The way to avoid jet lag.
C. The importance of having enough rest after flights.
D. A research about the effects of jet lag on the brain.
第二節(jié)：下面五位老師打算尋找適合各自學(xué)生的度假去處。第61至65題是他們的學(xué)生情況介紹。閱讀下面六個(gè)度假地的簡(jiǎn)介（A、B、C、D、E和F），選出符合各人需要的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)是多余選項(xiàng)。
61. Ms Robson’s students are studying French and German. She would like them to speak both the languages at some point while they’re away.
62. Hilary’s students are fourteen years old. Some of them learn French, so she wants to find a holiday course which can offer individual language lessons for those who would like to improve their French.
63. Rose has a small group of students. They all want to sail but unfortunately some of them are unable to swim, although they’re eager to learn.
64. Mr. Pearson’s class have just started to learn German and he wants a holiday which mixes studying the language with plenty of free time to explore the foreign country.
65. John has a class of eleven-year-olds who are crazy about sports. He’d like a course which organizes a complete program including all kinds of sports, meals and entertainments.
A B
 |
 |
C D
 |
 |
E F
E F
 |
 |
第四部分：寫(xiě)作（共三節(jié)，滿分45分）
在第61至65題中，
BFDEA
第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題 共40分）
注意事項(xiàng)：
用黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆將答案寫(xiě)在答題紙上，不能答在試題卷上。
第三部分:寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)
第一節(jié): 短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)
此題要求改正所給短文中的錯(cuò)誤。對(duì)標(biāo)有題號(hào)的每一行作出判斷：如無(wú)錯(cuò)誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫(huà)―個(gè)勾(√)；如有錯(cuò)誤(每行只有―個(gè)錯(cuò)誤)，則按下列情況改正：
此行多―詞：把多余的詞用斜線(＼)劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫(xiě)出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。
此行缺―個(gè)詞：在缺詞處加―個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，在該行右邊橫線上寫(xiě)出該加的詞。
此行錯(cuò)―個(gè)詞：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫(xiě)出改正后的詞。
原行沒(méi)有錯(cuò)的不要改。
March 11 is a day that I will never forget. I was on my way to 66._______
home from school that afternoon and hoped that I can get home 67._______
in time to watch my favorite TV program. When I got to the bus 68._______
stop, I noticed people waiting in line. This great surprised me 69._______
because normally people pushed their way off the bus. Then my bus 70._______
came along. Without second thought, I jumped the queue. The moment 71._______
when I did that, I heard someone shouting, “Please queue up.” I turned 72._______
around but saw a smiling old gentleman signing to me to stand in line. 73._______
Then he explained that day was “Queue Day”. Heard that, I felt 74._______
ashamed of my behavior. I know that I will ever jump the queue again. 75._______
第二節(jié)：書(shū)面表達(dá)(滿分30分)
在繁重的課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)之下，中學(xué)生也應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)適度地自我放松，請(qǐng)你圍繞 “Ways to get relaxed”這一話題，按照下列要點(diǎn)寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文：
1、自我放松的途徑：看電視、體育鍛煉、上網(wǎng)等
2、我更喜歡的途徑及理由：……
注意:
(1) 在表達(dá)“我更喜歡的途徑及理由”時(shí),請(qǐng)從要點(diǎn)1中選擇一項(xiàng)進(jìn)行闡述。
(2) 詞數(shù)：100―120，文章開(kāi)頭已給出（不計(jì)詞數(shù)）。
There are various ways to get relaxed for middle school students. ______________
此題請(qǐng)答在答題紙上
[說(shuō)明]：
如學(xué)生表達(dá)的側(cè)重點(diǎn)主要在羅列途徑而沒(méi)有充分闡述自己的理由，評(píng)分時(shí)降一檔處理。
第Ⅲ卷（聽(tīng)力部分 共30分）
第四部分：聽(tīng)力測(cè)試（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）
第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。
1. What’s the man going to do on Saturday afternoon?
A. To see a film. B. To see a play. C. To attend a lecture.
2. What does the woman say about Mary?
A. She likes long camping trips. B. She hasn’t gone camping for weeks.
C. It takes her a long time to plan her camping.
3. Why does the man refuse the woman?
A. Because he doesn’t have a car. B. Because he’ll be using his car.
C. Because the woman can’t drive well.
4. Where are the two speakers?
A. At a bus stop. B. In a shop. C. In a hospital.
5. How long did the woman spend on his report?
A. Thirty minutes. B. More than forty minutes. C. Thirty-five minutes.
第二節(jié)（本節(jié)有15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）
聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話和獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從每題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。
聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6―8小題。
6. When does the man go to sleep?
A. 12:00 am. B. 1:00 am. C. 5:00am.
7. What can we learn from the short conversation?
A. The woman is ill. B. The man likes to do the job.
C. The woman gives some medicine to the man.
8. What does the woman prefer the man to do?
A. To get some medicine. B. To get another job. C. To relax.
聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第9―11小題。
9. How much does the company pay the man for the first year?
A. $15,000. B. $10,500. C. $12,500.
10. Who is Mr. Thomas most probably?
A. The woman’s husband. B. the man’s teacher.
C. The director of that department.
11. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. The man has no experience in the job he is asking for.
B. The man is good at his lessons at college.
C. The man knows he will get the job in that company next June.
聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第12―14小題。
12. Why did the man call the woman?
A. He lost his ticket to the football game.
B. He wanted to know where to buy a ticket.
C. He wanted directions to the football stadium.
13. What advice did the woman give the man?
A. To go to the stadium early. B. To buy his ticket an hour early.
C. To listen to the radio for news.
14. How did the woman know there would be many people at the stadium?
A. She read it from a newspaper. B. She heard it from one of her friends.
C. The radio said all tickets had been sold out.
聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第15―17小題。
15. What’s the most probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. They are interviewer and interviewee.
B. They are waiter and customer.
C. They are doctor and patient.
16. Where does the dialogue take place?
A. In
17. On average, how many children are there in a Moslem family?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第18―20小題。
18. What is the purpose of the speech?
A. Stressing physical exercise.
B. Offering some advice on sleeping problems.
C. Telling people how to exercise.
19. Which of the following can cause sleeplessness?
A. Too much exercise in the evening. B. Lack of sleep on weekends.
C. Eating cheese before going to bed.
20. What can we learn about sleeping pills?
A. It’ll help relax. B. It prevents sleeping.
C. It’s useless for sleeplessness.
自選綜合
英 語(yǔ)
題號(hào)：05
閱讀理解（分兩節(jié)，共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）
閱讀下面的短文，并根據(jù)短文后的要求答題。
Thinking is something you choose to do as a fish chooses to live in water. To be human is to think. But thinking may come naturally without your knowing how you do it. Thinking about thinking is the key to critical thinking. When you think critically, you take control of your thinking processes. Otherwise, you might be controlled by the ideas of others. _ 1
_ 2 It does not mean taking one view against another view, as when someone criticizes another person for doing something wrong. The nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond the easily seen ― beyond the pictures on TV, the untrue reports in the newspapers, and the faulty reasoning.
_ 3 If you are curious about life and desire to dig deeper into it, you are a critical thinker. If you find pleasure in deep thinking about different ideas, characters, and facts, you are a critical thinker.
_ 4 They take time, and do not go hand in hand with the fast speed in today’s world: fast foods, instant coffee, and self-developing film. If you are among the people who believe that speed is a measure of intelligence, you may learn something new from a story about Albert Einstein. The first time Banesh Hoffman, a scientist, was to discuss his work with Albert Einstein, Hoffman was too nervous to speak. But Einstein at once put Hoffman at ease by saying, “Please go slowly. I don’t understand things quickly.”
第一節(jié)：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從A、B、C、D、E中選出最適合放入短文空缺處的選項(xiàng)，并將序號(hào)及相應(yīng)答案寫(xiě)在答題紙上。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)是多余選項(xiàng)。
A．Critical thinking is an attitude as much as an activity.
B．Critical thinking is a way to look at things around you critically.
C．Activities of the mind and higher-order reasoning are processes of deep and careful consideration.
D．Indeed, critical thinking is at the heart of education.
E．The word “critical” here has a special meaning.
第二節(jié)：根據(jù)短文所給的信息回答問(wèn)題，并將序號(hào)及相應(yīng)答案寫(xiě)在答題紙上。
5．What does Einstein mean by saying “Please go slowly. I don’t understand things quickly.”?
題號(hào)：06
填空（共10小題；每小題1分，共10分）
閱讀下面的短文，在標(biāo)有序號(hào)的空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或填入括號(hào)中單詞的正確形式，并將序號(hào)及相應(yīng)答案寫(xiě)在答題紙上。
My husband’s family has a meeting once a year in a
park in the mountains of
_ 10 I stood back, I watched how his behavior and cheerfulness brought a smile to everyone’s face. He did not spend time _ 11 everyone about his worries as others were doing. I realized that _ 12 was his choice to take the “high road” of cheerfulness and not to focus on the negative aspects of his life. _ 13 doing so, he was giving an invitation to each family member to respond in the same manner.
Just before we began to eat, Earl stood up and asked to speak to the group. He asked all of us to lead a good life and to take a lighthearted _ 14 to what may come to our way. He said he _ 15 (pray) for us all to arrive and to return home safely, so we need not worry about the rain. Then he gave us all his blessing. I know I felt blessed to be with him!
英 語(yǔ)
題號(hào)：05
閱讀理解（分兩節(jié)，共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）
第一節(jié)：①D ②E ③A ④C
第二節(jié)：
⑤ Don’t be nervous and please speak slowly. It takes me time to think carefully while listening.
181.
The writer was always looking for suitable _____ to use in his next story.
A. contents B.
articles C. notions D. ideas
[答案] D. ideas.
[注釋] idea(= thought； picture in mind)念頭，思想，想法。
182. He gave me some very _____ advice on buying a house.
A. precious B. worthy
C. precise D. valuable
[答案] D. valuable.
[注釋] valuable 寶貴的，有價(jià)值的，�？尚揎梐dvice， suggestion， assistance， discovery等名詞。 precious“貴重的”如: precious metals(貴金 屬)，precious stone(寶石)。
183. You will get to the church more quickly if you take this _____ across the
fields.
A. track B. passage C.
method D. journey
[答案] A. track.
[注釋] track(=path made by
frequent use)意指“(常走而踏成的)小徑”，如:a track across the
moor(越過(guò)荒野的小徑)。passage“通路”，如:force a passage
through a crowd(在人群中擠出的一條通路). 可見(jiàn)此處選passage不妥.
184. A landing on Mars is within the _____ of current physical theory.
A. scheme B. scope C.
scrap D. scale
[答案] B . scope.
[注釋] scope 范圍，活動(dòng)范圍，理解犯圍: 1 Many words are outside the
scope of this dictionary. (許多單詞是超出了這本詞典的范圍.) 2 Very hard words
are not within the scope of a child's understanding。(非常難懂的 詞是超出了一個(gè)孩子的理解范圍.) 3 Economics is
beyond the scope of a child's mind.(經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)是孩子理解不了的.)
185. He was _____ by a bee when he was collecting the honey.
A. scratched B. pricked
C. stung D. bitten
[答案] C. stung.
[注釋] sting 刺，蟄，叮。在英語(yǔ)中蜜蜂蟄用 sting ；而蚊子“�！庇� bite， 如: A mosquito just bit
me.(狗、蛇，咬)，鈞用 bite ，scratch 搔，prick vt. 扎(穿)，刺(穿)
186. Don't go too far into the sea, children, or the waves will _____ you off
your feet.
A. flow B. cut C.
press D. sweep
[答案] D. sweep.
[注釋] sweep sb，off sb's feet 由兩層意思，直義為“(浪等)把某人沖倒”， 轉(zhuǎn)義是“使產(chǎn)生強(qiáng)烈的好感，使完全信服”，如: His speech swept them
off their feet。(他的演說(shuō)使他們五體投地.)
187. The store had no more red shoes _____, so Mary chose brown ones instead.
A. in demand B. in store C. in need D. in stock
[答案] D. in stock.
[注釋] in stock(=having sth.
ready to sell or use；in present supply) 有 現(xiàn)貨供應(yīng): The shop has suger in
stock.(這個(gè)商店有白糖供應(yīng).) in demand(=needed；wanted；) 有需求: The book about dogs was much in demand in the
library.(=Many people wanted to read the book about dogs that in the library.)
in need(=in poverty，in trouble)在貧困中，在困難中: A friend in need is a friend
indeed。(A friend who helps when one is in
trouble is areal friend.) in store(=saved up in case of need； ready for use for some purpose) 儲(chǔ)備待用:于If the electricity goes
off，we have candles in the closet.(=We
have candles put away if we need them for light.)(如果電燈滅了，我們壁櫥里還備有蠟燭.)
[注意] in stock 強(qiáng)調(diào)商店備有現(xiàn)貨以供出售，而 in store 則指儲(chǔ)備物品以供急 需使用。此外 in store 還可以表示“等待著，必將發(fā)生”。例如: I have a surprise in store for you.(我有一個(gè)你料想不到的消息要告訴你。)
本題譯文: 這家商店沒(méi)有紅鞋供應(yīng)，所以瑪麗買(mǎi)了一雙宗色的鞋.
188. Bill is not a fast runner and he doesn't have a chance of winning the
marathon, but he will _____ the race even if he finishes last.
A. keep on B. keep to
C. stick out D. stick to
[答案] C. stick out.
[注釋] stick out(=keep on
doing sth。until it is done，no matter how long，hard，or unpleasant) 堅(jiān)持下去: Mathematics is hard，but if you stick it out you will understanding
it(=Mathematics is hard，but if you keep on
working hard at it you will learn it.) 此外，stick on 還可表示 (stand out) 突出: The skyscraper sticks
out against the bkue sky.(這幢摩 天大樓映著藍(lán)圖顯得格外突出.)
[注意] stick out與keep to 均有“堅(jiān)持”的含義。stick out 特指“堅(jiān)持下功夫 干一件事，不完成決不收兵”；而keep to 則強(qiáng)調(diào)“堅(jiān)持、遵守、堅(jiān)守”諾言、 規(guī)則、原則、精神、崗位。可見(jiàn)，keep to 的英文釋義為 ability by；adhere to，stick closely to。例如: keep to one's
promise(遵守諾言)；keep to the rules of a
game(遵守比賽規(guī)則)；keep to a principle(堅(jiān)持原則)；keep one's pos(堅(jiān)守崗位)。因此，我們可以說(shuō)keep to相當(dāng)于 stick to，而區(qū)別于 stick out.
189. Can you _____ me _____ two hundred copies of this article by tomorrow.
A. give .. out B. send .. in
C. write .. off D. run .. off
[答案] D. run…off.
[注釋] run off(=produce with
a printing press or duplicating machine)印刷，復(fù)印：The print shop ran off
a thousand copies of the newspaper.(=The print shop printed 1000 copies of the
newspaper.)
write off報(bào)廢，勾銷(xiāo)。參閱Ⅲ.200.注釋。give out分發(fā)，發(fā)出。send in 呈報(bào)，遞交，送上: 1 Have you sent in
your application?(你是否已遞交了你的申請(qǐng)書(shū)?) 2 He sent in two oil
paintings for the exhibition.(他送上兩幅油畫(huà)參展.)
190. The current political _____ of our country is favorable for foreign
investments.
A. climate B. weather
C. state D. occasion
[答案] A. climate.
[注釋] climate 指某一地區(qū)的長(zhǎng)期氣侯，而weather則指某一天的“天氣”。本題中的climate(=the general temper or opinion of a group
of the people or period of history) 指“某一團(tuán)體歷史時(shí)期的總的狀況和民意”。例如: climate of the
political unrest 不穩(wěn)定的政治狀況. state(=condition) 狀態(tài)；be in a state of 處于某種狀態(tài). 例如: 1 The room was in a very dirty state. 2 She is in a
state of confusion.(她處于慌亂狀態(tài).) 由上可見(jiàn)，climate 最合題意.
本題譯文: 我國(guó)目前的政治氣候有利于外國(guó)的投資.
191. It was with great delight that I read in your February _____ the letter to
the Editor written by Prof. Johnson.
A. issue B. printing
C. magazine D. copy
[答案] A. issue.
[注釋] 根據(jù)題意，此處是指某雜志二月份的那一期，故應(yīng)選 issue。printing 印刷；印刷術(shù)。至于 copy 與 issue 的區(qū)別，copy 指書(shū)刊的“本，冊(cè)”；而 issue 是指報(bào)刊或雜志的“期”.
本題譯文: 非常高興地拜讀了貴刊二月的一期中所登載的約翰遜教授致編輯的信.
192. What I'm telling you is strictly _____. Do not let anyone know of it.
A. secretive B. special C. individual
D.confidential
[答案] D. confidential.
[注釋] confidential(=spoken
or written in secret) 機(jī)密的，應(yīng)保密的:The information is
confidential. special 專(zhuān)門(mén)的，專(zhuān)用的: a special car(專(zhuān)車(chē)).individual 個(gè)別的，單個(gè)的。secretive(=fond of
keeping secrets) 愛(ài)保密的，守口如瓶的.
本題譯文: 我現(xiàn)在告訴你的事是保密的，千萬(wàn)別讓人知道.
193. The author had qualified as a doctor but later gave up the _____ of
medicine for full-time writing.
A. prescriptionB. procedure C. treatment D. practice
[答案] D. practice.
[注釋] practice(醫(yī)生或律師的)業(yè)務(wù)，生意: 1 The lawer has a
very good practice. 2 We call a doctor's work and the number of patients he
look after his practice.(我們把醫(yī)生的工作和醫(yī)治病人的數(shù)目稱(chēng)為開(kāi)業(yè)狀況.)
prescription 藥方；procedure 程序，手續(xù)；treatment 治療，待遇.
本題譯文: 這位作者當(dāng)過(guò)醫(yī)生，但后來(lái)放棄開(kāi)業(yè)，專(zhuān)搞寫(xiě)作.
194. Julie is one of those women who always _____ the latest fashions.
A. put up with B. come up with
C. get on with D. keep up with
[答案] D. keep up with.
[注釋] keep up with 跟上，與……并駕齊驅(qū)；及時(shí)了解。put up with 忍受；get on with有進(jìn)展；生活得……；come up with 提出.
本題譯文: 朱莉是那些總趕時(shí)髦的女子之一.
195. Having made his first film earlier this year, he is _____ starting in a
new one.
A. currently B. actually C.
recently D. lately
[答案] A. currently.
[注釋] currently 目前；actually 實(shí)際上；recently 近來(lái)；lately(=recently) 近來(lái).start in(on) 開(kāi)始(做某事)，常用于口語(yǔ)中，如: 1 Fred started in wedding the
garden. (弗雷得開(kāi)始在花園里除草.) 2 If we start in at once，we shall get the job finished early. (如果我們馬上開(kāi)始，我們可以早點(diǎn)完成這項(xiàng)工作.)
196. My house is very _____ for getting to work as it is only a few minutes
from the station.
A. comfortable B. suitable C. convenient D.
available
[答案] C. convenient.
[注釋]convenient 方便的。suitable也可接for，但其詞義和本題不符，故不能選.
197. When college students _____ future employment, they often think of status,
income, and prestige.
A. demand B. assume C.
apply D. anticipate
[答案] D. anticipate.
[注釋] anticipate 預(yù)料，期望，預(yù)望：The first question is one the John
has anticipated. (第一個(gè)問(wèn)題是約翰已經(jīng)預(yù)料到的)
198. Alice _____ her father that both she and her husband would be happy if he
would live with them.
A.convinced B.reinforced C.pledged
D.required
[答案] A. convince
[注釋]convince sb. +that從句意為“使……相信，說(shuō)服……”。reinforce 加強(qiáng)，增強(qiáng)。pledge發(fā)誓，保證.
199. Neither of them thought highly of him and they both tried to _____ him in
his work.
A.hamper B.support C.depress
D.prevent
[答案] A. hamper.
[注釋] hamper(=hinder)阻礙。prevent 防止，后接from.
200. She chose cushions of a color which would _____ her carpet.
A. equal B. agree C. help D. match
[答案] D. match.
[注釋] match vt. 匹配；相配: 1 You can't match him in his knowledge of wild
plants.(在野生植物知識(shí)方面，你無(wú)閥于他相比.) 2 Her hat does match
her dress.(她的帽子與她的衣服不配.)match vi. 相配: These gloves don't match.
201. We finally managed to _____ the committee's approval of our plans.
A. secure B. arouse C.
acquire D. exert
[答案] A. secure.
[注釋] secure 與 acquire 鈞有“得到”的含義，但 secure vt. 此處的意思是(=succeed in getting sth. for which there is a
great demand)“獲得(所需之物)”.acquire“獲得，求得”，尤其指由于自己的努力，能力，技術(shù)而使原有的東西變得更多，并表示一經(jīng)求得，即成永久的所有物: The boy has acquire a
fire knowledge of geography.(這男孩已得到一點(diǎn)地理知識(shí).)可見(jiàn)，根據(jù)題意應(yīng)選secure.
202. I have such a bad cold that I have lost all _____ of smell.
A. degree B. sense C.
strength D. scent
[答案] B. sense.
[注釋] sense 意為“(五官的)感覺(jué)”，如: People have five
senses: sight，hearing，smell，taste and touch. scent 氣味，香味.
203. She is so _____ that she cried for days when her pet rabbit died.
A. sensitive B. sensible C. imaginative
D.impressive
[答案] A. sensitive
[注釋] sensitive敏感的(to),易受傷害的,靈敏的。sensible明智的(of),通情達(dá)理的。imaginative有想象力。impressive的給人留下印象的,感人的。
204. The lorry driver was badly _____ when his lorry crashed into a wall.
A. damaged B. hit C.
hurt D. harmed
[答案] C. hurt
[注釋] damage損壞;harm對(duì)......有害;hurt(精神上或肉體上)傷害; hit打擊;pain(精神上或肉體上)痛苦。
205. I caught a _____ of the car before it disappeared around the bend.
A. glance B. glimpse C. glare D. gleam
[答案] B. glimpse
[注釋] catch (or get) a
glimpse of瞥見(jiàn)(強(qiáng)調(diào)行為的結(jié)果)。take a glance (or look) at看一眼(強(qiáng)調(diào)行為過(guò)程本身)。
206. The car salesman took the customer for a driver in the new model in order
to _____ its improved features.
A. advocate B.demonstrate
C.exhibit D. reveal
[答案] B. demonstrate
[注釋] advocate擁護(hù),提倡。exhibit展覽,陳列。reveal揭示,暴露。demonstrate(=show
clearly by giving proof or example)(用實(shí)例,證據(jù))證明,表演。
207. The rainbow _____ as the sun came fully out from behind the clouds.
A. dissolved B. removed C.
resigned D. disappeared
[答案] D. disappeared
[注釋]disappear消失。dissolve溶解。remove去除。resign辭去,辭職。retire退休。
208. All too _____ it was time to go back to school after the glorious summer
holidays.
A. often B. fast C.
soon D. late
[答案] C. soon
[注釋]all too實(shí)在太......，all too soon意為太快了，帶有惋惜的意味，如：Tom had snatched a short holiday
from his work to come here. He said it ended all too soon.（湯姆趁工作之暇匆匆來(lái)此渡一短假，他說(shuō)，假期過(guò)得太快了。）
209. Deserts, dry areas with _____ no vegetation, cover more than one-third of
the Earth's land surface.
A. surprisingly B. eventually
C. permanently D. virtually
[答案] D. virtually
[注釋]virtually(=almost,
very nearly; in every way that is really important)幾乎，事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上；My book is virtually finished; I
have only a few changes to make in the writing.( 我的書(shū)幾乎寫(xiě)完了,我只要在作品中再作一點(diǎn)修改就可以了。)surprisingly令人驚奇的；eventually最終的；permanently永久的。
210. After dinner the minister made a short _____ to the guests.
A. delivery B.pronunciation C.conversation D.
speech
[答案] D. speech
[注釋]make a speech to sb.(向某人做演講)。make conversation with
sb.(和某人閑談conversation常與下列動(dòng)詞搭配:get (enter) into conversation
with(和......攀談起來(lái)),have a conversation with(與......談話),interrupt (break off)
conversation(中斷談話),turn the conversation to other
matters(把話題轉(zhuǎn)到其他問(wèn)題上)delivery常指"(演講等的)說(shuō)話方式,口才",如: His report was good, but his delivery was poor.( 他的報(bào)告內(nèi)容很好,但他的口才太差)。
211.
When there's doubt the examiner's decision is _____.
A. right B. final C.
definite D. fixed
[答案] B. final.
[注釋]final最終的,不會(huì)改變的。definite明確的。fixed固定的,不變的;a fixed income(固定收入)。right正確的。
212. Busy and successful as he was, the novelist was willing to _____ any
promising young man and give him all the help he could.
A. take up B. pick up
C. make up D. look up
[答案] A. take up.
[注釋]take up把......當(dāng)作被保護(hù)人,關(guān)照,提攜,列如:This athlete was taken up by several Boston
universities.(這個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員得到波士頓大學(xué)的關(guān)照。)pick up參閱III.129,130注釋。
本題譯文：雖然他是一位繁忙又有成就的小說(shuō)家,但他愿意提攜任何有前途的年輕人并盡力給予幫助。
213. He did not find a job yet because he had no _____ to men who could help
him.
A. approach B. application C.
access D. approval
[答案] C. access.
[注釋]have access to進(jìn)入的路；能接近，進(jìn)入,了解或使用(不可數(shù)名詞)。列如：1)We had access to his
private files.(我們能接觸他的私人檔案。)2)Only a few people have access
to the full facts of the ase.(只有幾人能了解案件的全部事實(shí)。)3)Only high officials
had access to the emperor.(只有高級(jí)官員才能接近皇帝。)approach接近,走近,快到;對(duì)待處理(事情的)方式;接近(到達(dá))的路:1)He was warned of the enemy.(已警告他敵人已接近。)2)His book represents a new
approach to the difficulty.(他的書(shū)代表了處理困難的一種新方法。)3)The approach to the
house was a narrow path.(通到這幢房子的路是一條小徑。)application申請(qǐng),申請(qǐng)書(shū)。approval贊同。根據(jù)題意,此句中不是指身體上的“接近或靠近”,而是指“能接觸到”的某人故選access更切題意
334. The old man got into the _____ of storing money under the bed.
A. tradition B. habit
C. use D. custom
[答案] B. habit.
[注釋]get into the habit of
doing sth.意為“養(yǎng)成了做......的習(xí)慣"。habit指?jìng)�(gè)人的習(xí)慣,而custom則指社會(huì)的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣。tradition“傳統(tǒng)"。
215. The beauty of the place is more than I can describe. I am sure whoever
sees it will _____ its charm.
A. appeal to B. stick to C.
keep to D. yield to
[答案] D. yield to.
[注釋]yield to:屈服于;投降讓步(經(jīng)常有比較靈活的譯法)。如:The disease yielded to
treatment.(=The disease was cured as the result of treatment.)(這病經(jīng)過(guò)治療已減輕或治愈。)
appeal to向......呼吁;stick to(=keep to)堅(jiān)持。
本題譯文:該地秀麗的景色無(wú)法表達(dá)于筆下。我深信,不管是誰(shuí)看到了它都會(huì)折服于它的魅力。
216. Children are likely to get _____ if no one cares about their upbringing.
A. out of hand B. out of order
C. out of place D. out of work
[答案] A. out of hand.
[注釋]get(or be) out of hand是習(xí)語(yǔ),意為“無(wú)法控制,不受約束":This situation
appears to be completely out of hand.(看來(lái)形勢(shì)已完全失去控制。)out of order有毛病,失靈;out of place不得其所的,不適當(dāng)?shù)?out of work失業(yè)。
本題譯文:如果不關(guān)心孩子的教育,他們很可能會(huì)無(wú)法控制。
217. When the Greeks had _____ the Persians, a soldier ran from Marathon to
Athens.
A. won B. bitten C.
beaten D. hit
[答案] C. beaten.
[注釋]beat sb. 打敗某人。beat sb. black and blue(把某人打得鼻青臉腫)。hit,擊,擊中:hit a man on the head(打在人的頭上);hit at sb.(向某人打去)。strike(=hit ,give a blow at blows to)打,擊:strike a man on the
chin(打在某人的下巴上)。win贏得,用作此義時(shí),后不能接某人;可以說(shuō)win a match, a victory,
the first prize等。
218. There was a large box behind the door and Peter couldn't _____ falling
over it in the darkness.
A. help B. resist C.
avoid D. prevent
[答案]C. avoid.
[注釋]avoid 避免(后接動(dòng)詞或名詞): He tried to avoid
answering my questions. can't (couldn't) help doing sth. 禁不住做......不由自主地做......。 can't (couldn't) resist doing sth.禁不住做......: I couldn't resist laughing.
219.Maria is a _____ person and never makes any unreasonable demands.
A. sensitive B. sensible C. obedient D.
jealous
[答案]B. sensible
[注釋]sensible 通情達(dá)理的；sensitive敏感的；obedient順從的；jealous 妒忌的，猜疑的，警惕的；
220. Violent programs on television may have a bad _____ on children.
A. affection B. pressure C. influence D.
control
[答案]C. influence.
[注釋]have a influence on 對(duì)...有影響；
221. The shop-assistant was straight with his customers. If an article was of
_____ quality, he'd tell them so.
A. humble B. minor C.
inferior D. awkward
[答案]C. inferior.
[注釋]inferior 比較差的；humble謙卑的，恭順的，低下的；awkward 尷尬的，別扭的， 笨手笨腳的；不好用的；minor細(xì)小的：1)This cloth is inferior to that one .（這塊布比那塊質(zhì)量差）2)She feels inferior to her elder
sister .（她感到比姐姐差的多。）3)He is of humble birth.（她出身低微。）4)He is very humble towards his
superiors.（ 他對(duì)上司低三下四。）5)he felt awkward and
uncomfortable.（他感到尷尬不自在）6)He was an awkward carpenter.（他是個(gè)笨手笨腳的木匠）7)This is a very awkward question.
We must ask that of Hery.（這個(gè)問(wèn)題不好對(duì)付，我們必須去問(wèn)問(wèn)亨利）
222. If you put too many potatoes in that paper-bag it will _____.
A. fail B. explode C.
crack D. burst
[答案]D. burst
[注釋] burst vt./vi.漲破，漲裂。Burst one's clothes（撐破衣服）。
223. One-room schoolhouses can still be found in _____ areas where there are no
other schools for many miles.
A.disposed B. deserted C. isolated D. abandoned
[答案]C. isolated
[注釋]isolated 孤立的。Deserted被遺棄的；空無(wú)一人的；abandoned丟棄的，如；abandoned cars(因報(bào)廢而丟棄的汽車(chē))。Dispose of sth. 處理掉某物：He disposed of his old
car .（他把舊的汽車(chē)處理掉了。）意為賣(mài)掉或扔掉等。
224. I'm afraid you have no _____ but to come along with us.
A. possibility B. permission C. choice D.
selection
[答案]C. choice.
[注釋]have no choice but 除了...沒(méi)有別的選擇；只能...：I have no choice but to obey.(我只能服從)。
225. I shall never beat John at tennis; we are clearly not in the same _____.
A. set B. band C.
group D. class
[答案] D. class.
[注釋]be in the same class 水平相同。此句中class,意為“(高低、優(yōu)劣的)等級(jí)；種 類(lèi)”。
226. As soon as Charles had _____ a little from his surprise, his one thought
was to get away.
A. returned B. absorbed C. dissolved D.
recovered
[答案] D. recovered.
[注釋]recover from 從......恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)
227. When I arrived in this country, I had to start learning the language from
_____.
A. scratch B. scrap C.
snatch D. scrape
[答案] A. scratch.
[注釋]start from scratch
(=from the beginning, from nothing) 從頭開(kāi)始，白手起家；John brought the radio
from scratch. (=John bought the parts and put them together himself.)
228. The thieves _____ him _____ in the park, took his wallet and escaped.
A. held .. back B. held ..
up
C. held .. on D.
held .. out
[答案] B. held ... up.
[注釋]hold up sb.攔劫。hold up, hold on, hold out 的用法請(qǐng)參閱III.82,83注釋.
229. Japan has to employ an increasing number of overseas workers because there
is no easy solution to its labor _____.
A. decline B. rarity
C. vacancy D. shortage
[答案] D. shortage.
[注釋]labour shortage 勞動(dòng)力短缺。Decline 下降。rarity稀少。vacancy 空缺，未占用.
230. The two dogs started to fight, so we tried to _____ them.
A. split B. separate C.
tear D. divide
[答案] B. separate.
[注釋]separate 意指將結(jié)合的東西“分開(kāi)，拆散”，divide指把整體“分成”幾個(gè)部 分，split（沿一條線-）裂開(kāi)，tear撕開(kāi)，distinguish“區(qū)分，區(qū)別，辨別”。
231. The rapidly growing birth rate brings about a lot of environment problems,
which the government is supposed to take _____.
A. significantly B. severely C. earnestly D.
seriously
[答案] D. seriously.
[注釋]take...seriously 是習(xí)慣搭配，意為“重視，認(rèn)真對(duì)待”
232. Carl wanted to play a joke on Bob but gave himself _____ by laughing.
A. away B. in C.
out D. up
[答案] A. away.
[注釋]give away 暴露，泄露。參閱III.68.注釋。
233. The government is _____ and will take the necessary steps to maintain
security and stability.
A. on the alert B. out of control
C. on guard D.
in vain
[答案] A. on the alert.
[注釋]on the alert (=alert;
watchful; careful) 警惕，小心：Drivers must be on the
alert for traffic signals. (=Drivers must be especially careful to see signals
when driving a car.) (司機(jī)必須密切注視交通信號(hào)。)out of control 失去控制；on guard站崗；in vain 徒勞，無(wú)效。
234. Many people complain of the rapid _____ of modern life.
A. rate B. pace C.
speed D. growth
[答案] B. pace.
[注釋]pace 走或跑的速度；發(fā)展或進(jìn)步速度。
235. She has lost her handbag with the _____ sum of $
A. extraordinary B. important
C. considerable D. valuable
[答案] C.considerable.
[注釋]considerable 相當(dāng)可觀的。[注意]considerate考慮周到的，體諒的，體貼的：1）She is considerate to
others. (她能體諒別人。)2）That was very
considerate of you.（你真體諒別人。）
236. Russia's withdrawal of its experts from China
did not strangle (壓垮) the Chinese people;
_____ it stirred up their enthusiasm for greater exertions.
A. on the other hand B. on the contrary
C. to the contrary D. in
consequence
[答案] B. on the contrary.
[注釋]on the contrary相反地：--Have you nearly done?--On the contrary, I have
only just begun. Monday unless you write me to the contrary. (我星期一將來(lái)，除非你寫(xiě)信告訴我有相反地情況。)
237. As he had no friends and relatives in the town, the traveler tried to find
a _____ somewhere.
A. log B. lodge C.
landing D. lodging
[答案] D. lodging.
[注釋]log 圓木,lodge門(mén)房，傳達(dá)室,lodging住所,landing登陸；降落。
238. Because the children keep interrupting her whenever she reads a book, she
is always _____ her place.
A. loosing B. missing C. losing D. looking for
[答案] C. Losing.
[注釋]lose one's place意為讀書(shū)時(shí)“找不到讀到哪兒”。類(lèi)似的習(xí)語(yǔ)有：lose heart(灰心，泄氣),lose one's heart to sb. (愛(ài)上某人),lose one's head(驚慌失措),lose one's hold on(or
over)(失去對(duì)......的控制),lose one's temper(發(fā)脾氣),lose one's tongue (緊張得不知說(shuō)什么好)，lose one's way (迷路),lose sight of(看不見(jiàn)了),lose one's never(失去勇氣)。
239. The manager said that they had an _____ plan if the plan they had
submitted was not accepted.
A. alternate B.alternative
C.absolute D. appreciable
[答案] B. alternative.
[注釋]alternative 可提供選擇的，兩者挑一的：alternate交替的：1)There was no alternative route open to her. (在她面前沒(méi)有另外可供選擇的路線。)2)French and English are not
alternative courses; but may be taken in the same year.(語(yǔ)法和英語(yǔ)并不是交替開(kāi)設(shè)的課程；而可以在同一年里選修。)
240. Jim isn't _____, but he did badly in the final exams last semester.
A. gloomy B. dull C.
awkward D. tedious
[答案] B. dull.
[注釋]dull (=slow in
understanding) 遲鈍的。
241. At first Bob was puzzled by Virginia s waving, but then it _____ his mind
that she was trying to tell him something.
A. crossed B. passed
C. occurred D. opened
[答案] A. crossed.
[注釋]cross one's mind 想起：1)A sudden thought crossed my mind. 2)It never
crossed my mind that he might refuse the request. (我從來(lái)沒(méi)有想到他可能會(huì)拒絕這個(gè)請(qǐng)求。)如用pass則應(yīng)加through, 例如：When Jane did not come
home by midnight, many terrible fears passed through Mother's mind. (=Mother
thought of many things that might have happened to Jane.)occur的用法如下：1）That view of the case
did not occur to me before. (對(duì)這個(gè)案件的那種看法以前我沒(méi)有想到過(guò)。)2）It occurred to her that she might adopt a homeless child.(她想到，她可以收養(yǎng)一個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的孩子。)關(guān)于“想起”的以上三種表達(dá)法考生務(wù)必弄懂熟記。這些詞組和句形不僅在詞匯測(cè)試中經(jīng)常遇到，而且在短文寫(xiě)作時(shí)也可以使用。
本題譯文：起初鮑玻對(duì)弗吉尼亞的揮手致意感到迷惑，但后來(lái)他想到，她想告訴他某事。
242. His job at the hospital did not pay much, so he found another _____.
A. on the rise B. on
the spot
C. on the decline D. on the side
[答案] D. on the side.
[注釋]on the side(=in
addition to a main thing) 額外；作為兼職：1）He ordered a hamburger with onions and French fries on the
side. (=He ordered a hamburger with onions and French fries extra.) 2)He does
some house-keeping work on the side.(他幫人家做些家務(wù)活作為兼職。)on the rise(作表語(yǔ))在上升；on the spot 現(xiàn)場(chǎng)；on the decline (做表語(yǔ))在下降：The population in the country is on the decline. (這個(gè)國(guó)家的人口在下降。)
243. The filling station _____ because there were too many others on the
street.
A. fell through B. went under
C. fell out D.
went through
[答案] B. went under.
[注釋]go under 破產(chǎn)，失敗。fall through 也有“失敗”之意，但多半指計(jì)劃、想法等“落空”。
本題譯文：這個(gè)加油站破產(chǎn)了，因?yàn)樵谶@條街上加油站太多了。
244. Air and the sun's rays create much distortion, and whatever tends to _____
their influence is useful to the astronomer.
A. exclude B. eliminate C. extinguish D.
impose
[答案] A. exclude.
[注釋]exclude 排除。extinguish撲滅；eliminate消除。
impose 把......強(qiáng)加給：Don't impose your wishes on us.(不要把你的意思強(qiáng)加給我們。)
245. The lady who had invited us heard me telling my wife that the dinner was
terrible so I was _____.
A.confused B. nervous C.shameful D.embarrassed
[答案] D. embarrassed.
[注釋]be embarrassed 感到窘迫。
246. Animals should not be locked in cages; they should be in their normal
_____.
A. environment B.position C.residence D.
dwelling
[答案] A. environment.
[注釋]environment(=surroundings,
circumstances)環(huán)境，environment作集合名詞用時(shí)，只用單數(shù)形式：We should work hard to improve our
environment. (單詞，不可數(shù))Children need a happy home
environment. (單數(shù)，可數(shù))
247. I'm sorry but what he thinks is not of the _____ importance to me.
A. merest B. lowest C. last D. least
[答案] D. least.
[注釋]least 是little的最高級(jí)形式。
248. He offered to _____ her a hand as the suitcase was too heavy for her to
carry.
A. lend B. help C.
show D. loan
[答案] A. lend.
[注釋]lend sb. a hand給某人幫個(gè)忙。
249. I have been looking for this book for months, and _____ I have found it.
A.at least B. in no time C.at last D.at
present
[答案] C. at last.
[注釋]at last (=in the end)最終；at least至少；in no time 立即，馬上；at present 目前。
250. It was the largest experiment we had ever had; it _____ six hours.
A. ended B. finished C. prolonged D.
lasted
[答案] D. lasted.
[注釋]last vi. (for) 持續(xù)。
251. The _____ stuck on the outside of the envelope said "By Air".
A. label B. ticket C.
signal D. sign
[答案] A. label.
[注釋]label 標(biāo)簽，標(biāo)記。signal信號(hào). sign記號(hào)；指示牌：traffic signs (交通版示)。notice布告。
252. Psychological studies show that some people are quick-tempered _____.
A. at heart B. on purpose C. in person
D. by nature
[答案] D. by nature.
[注釋]by nature 天生，生來(lái)。in person 1）親自，親身：I shall be present at
the meeting in person.(我將親自出席會(huì)議。)2）身體上，外貌上：In person he was handsome, strong
and healthy.(他面目清秀，體格強(qiáng)壯。)at heart 1)內(nèi)心里，實(shí)質(zhì)上：His manners are cold, but he is at
heart a kind man. (他的言談舉止有些冷淡，但實(shí)際上他是一個(gè)好心腸的人。)2）考慮的是......：When I say don't eat
sweets, I have your health at heart.(我叫你別吃果糖，是考慮到你的健康。)on purpose 故意地。
253. She was putting on her watch when the _____ broke and it fell to the
ground.
A. belt B. strap C.
tie D. string
[答案] B. strap.
[注釋]strap(表，手提包的)帶。belt繃帶，seatbelt(系于飛機(jī)座位上的)安全帶。tie領(lǐng)帶，string細(xì)繩子。
254. Feudal landlords, and imperialists are in no way more _____ than wolves.
A. reasonable B. regardless C.
ridiculous D. rational
[答案] D. rational.
[注釋]rational 有理性的。
本題譯文：封建地主和帝國(guó)主義者并不比豺狼更有理性。
255. His name was on the _____ of my tongue, but I just couldn't recall it.
A. end B. point C.
edge D. tip
[答案] D. tip.
[注釋]be on (or at) the tip
of one's tongue 就在嘴邊，差點(diǎn)被想起，如：The answer was on the tip of my
tongue, but I could't think of it.(我差點(diǎn)就想起那答案來(lái)，可就是想不起來(lái)。) be on the point of 正要（去做某事）：I was just on the point of going
when you came in.
256. The authorities declared that because of the war petrol was _____ and had
to be rationed (定量供應(yīng)).
A. inadequate B. rare
C. lacked D. scarce
[答案] D. scarce.
[注釋]本題譯文：汽油供不應(yīng)求，因此必須定量配給。
Scarce(=not available in sufficient quantity, not equal to the demand)不充足的，缺乏的，供不應(yīng)求的。Inadequate不適應(yīng)的，不充分的。lack vt./vi. (=be without ; not
have; have less than enough of) 缺乏；沒(méi)有；缺少，例如：1）He lacks perseverance.(他缺乏堅(jiān)定性。)2)Money is lacking for
the plan.(此計(jì)劃尚缺錢(qián)。)3)He is lacking in courage.(他缺乏勇氣。)be lacking in 常指缺乏某種品質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)等。lack作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)，一般不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故不能選C. lacked.4)They lacked for
nothing.(他們什么也不缺。)有人認(rèn)為，lack for是美國(guó)英語(yǔ)。
257. How did it _____ that the two men arrived to address the same meeting at
the same time.
A. fall out B. take place C. get around D.
come through
[答案] A. fall out.
[注釋]fall out 1)吵架，鬧翻。參閱III.45,52 2)結(jié)果是。參III.50注釋。本題中fall out意為happen, come about(發(fā)生),例如：As it fell out, they were able to sell their old
car.(=They didn't know if they could sell their old car, but at last they did
sell it.)本題中it是形式主語(yǔ)，that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，不宜用take place作主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)，故不能入選。
本題譯文：事情結(jié)果怎么會(huì)這樣：這兩個(gè)人來(lái)在同一時(shí)間同一會(huì)議上作演講？
258. He looked incredulous(不輕信的) on hearing the news.
He seemed to think it _____.
A. incompatible B.incredible C.inclusive D indifferent
[答案] B. incredible.
[注釋]incredible (=that
cannot be believed; difficult to believe) 不可相信的，難以置信的：His story of rescuing
six drowning men was incredible. (他搶救6個(gè)溺水人的事情是難以置信的。) incompatible(with)不相容的。inclusive包括的，包含的。indifferent 冷淡的，不關(guān)心的。
259. In my opinion, your work does not _____ what I expected of you.
A. catch up with B. add up to C. come up
to D. go in for
[答案] C. come up to.
[注釋]come up to 達(dá)到，符合：1)He tries his best to come up to the expectations
of the people.(他努力達(dá)到人民對(duì)他的期望。)2)This piece of work does not
come up to the
required standard.(這件工作沒(méi)有達(dá)到需要的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。)catch up with 趕上；add up to總計(jì)；go in for 從事，致力于，追求，沉溺于。
260. I broke my relationship with John because he always found _____ with me.
A. error B. mistake C.
fault D. failure
[答案] C. fault.
[注釋]find fault with 挑剔，找......的岔子。例如：1)She tries to please
him, but he always finds fault. (=He finds something wrong with everything she
does.) 2)They found fault with every box I made. (=They found something wrong
or something they did not like in every box I made.)
最新高考英語(yǔ)詞匯試題詳解[二]
91.
The party, which had been greatly _____, was spoiled by the rude behavior of an
uninvited guest.
A. looked forward to B. looked up to
C. called
forth D. called for
[答案]A. looked forward to.
[注釋]Look forward to 期待，盼望。參閱Ⅲ.109.;
call forth引起，喚起。參閱Ⅲ.29注釋。 Call for需要，參閱Ⅲ.26注釋。Look up to尊敬。
92. It was clear that the small grocer was _____ people he owed money to.
A. at the expense of B. at the
risk of
C. in the way
of D. at the mercy of
[答案]D. at the mercy of.
[注釋]at the mercy of在......支配下：The ship was at the
mercy of the waves.(這艘船任憑風(fēng)浪擺布。)at the expense of以......為代價(jià)，靠犧牲......；in the way of礙......事；at the risk of冒......的危險(xiǎn)：1)He devoted his time to football at the expense of
his studies.(他犧牲學(xué)習(xí)把時(shí)間都花在足球上。) 2)Her social lift got in the way
of her studies.(她的社交生活妨礙了她的學(xué)習(xí)。) 3)We do this at the risk of our
lives and liberties.(我們冒丟掉生命和喪失自由的危險(xiǎn)做這件事。)
本題譯文：顯然，這家小雜鋪任憑其債主的擺布。
93. I _____ her not to walk on the thin ice but she would not listen to me.
A. warned B. persuaded
C. suggested D. noticed
[答案]A. warned.
[注釋]warn sb. (not) to do
sth.警告某人（不）做某事。
Suggest不能接sb. to do sth。persuade sb.(not) to do sth.說(shuō)服、某人（不）做某事；本題中不能選D. persuaded, 因該動(dòng)詞強(qiáng)調(diào)行為的結(jié)果。從邏輯上講，既然“說(shuō)服了”，那么與she wouldn't listen to me就前后矛盾了。如果把句子該為：I tried to persuade her not to
walk on the thin ice but she wouldn't listen to me.(我極力勸她不要在薄冰上走，但她不愿聽(tīng)我的話。)，那么就符合邏輯了。
[注意]warn sb. of sth.警告某人有......。
94. When products made in factories _____, they are thrown away as garbage.
A. come to an end B. are put to use
C. are used up D. wear
out
[答案]D. wear out.
[注釋]wear out本題中意指（become useless form continued use of wear）用壞，穿破，如：The machine will soon wear out.(這機(jī)器即將用壞。)come to and end(結(jié)束)，put ... to use(投入使用), use up(用完)， come into use(開(kāi)始投入使用)。
95. She is making herself ill with _____ over her son's future.
A. trouble B.
annoyance C. disgust D. worry
[答案]D. worry
[注釋]worry既可作動(dòng)詞用，也可以作名詞用，意思是“憂慮”，后接介詞about或over。worry over 比worry about對(duì)某事的憂慮更為持久，更為專(zhuān)注，如：He worries over the least thing that
goes wrong.(他總是惟恐有一點(diǎn)小事出錯(cuò)。)
96. The microphone enabled them to keep in touch, in other words, it made it
_____ for them to contact each other.
A. likely B. capable
C. possible D. probable
[答案]C. possible
[注釋]able有才能的，有能力的，指人的才智，而且是受過(guò)實(shí)際鍛煉的才干。Capable“有才能的，能勝任的”(有褒、貶 二義)，如：He is capable of anything.(他什么事都干得出來(lái)。)此句含有明顯得貶義。此外，作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，able接不定式，capable接of. capable還有一意思是“有可能 的”，例如：The car is capable of being repaired .（這輛汽車(chē)是有可能修好的。）用于此義時(shí)，be capable of 后常接被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)名詞或有動(dòng)作意義的名詞：The situation is capable of improvement
.possible 強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀可能性，“可能的”程度比probable"大概的，很可能的低一些。
[注意]likely與possible在結(jié)構(gòu)搭配上的區(qū)別。Likely可用于下列句型中：1)It is likely that...例如：It is highly likely that he will succeed.（很可能他會(huì)成功。）2)think(feel, consider)it likely
...例如：I think it likely that we will
ultimately get a certain amount of money.3)be likely to do sth.例如：He is likely to see you again .但下面的句型是錯(cuò)誤的，It is likely for sb to do sth.所以think it likely for sb. to do sth.也是錯(cuò)誤的，故本題不能選likely.
97. They did not find _____ to prepare for the worst conditions they might
meet.
A. worth their while B. it worthwhile
C. it
worth
D. it worthy
[答案]B. it worthwhile
[注釋]worthwhile值花時(shí)間（或精力）干的：1)The visit to Paris was
worthwhile .2)He thinks teaching foreign languages is worthwhile.3)She has a
very worthwhile job.4)I think it worthwhile to work on my stamp collection.
Worthy (of)配得上，值得：1)He is worthy of being
praised.(=He is worthy to be praised.)2)He is a worthy winner.3)She is not
worthy to talk to man like you.（她配不上與你這樣一位男士談話）。
98. In spite of the thunderstorm, the children slept _____ all night.
A. densely B. soundly
C. loudly D. noisily
[答案]B. soundly
[注釋]sleep soundly熟睡。也可以說(shuō)sleep heavily.
99. John _____ knowledge of radio just by staying around the radio station.
A. caught on B. worked up C. took up D.
picked up
[答案]D. picked up
[注釋]pick up學(xué)到，習(xí)得。詳見(jiàn)Ⅲ。130注釋。
100. I support your decision, but I should also make it clear that I am not
going to be _____ to it.
A. connected B.
fastened C. bound D. stuck
[答案]C. bound
[注釋]be bound to sth.受...的約束：I was bound to my
promise.(我受我的諾言約束)[注意]be bound to do sth.1)一定會(huì)：The plan is bound to win.（這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃一定會(huì)成功。）2)有責(zé)任（義務(wù)）：You are bound to obey
the laws.(你有責(zé)任遵守法紀(jì))。
本題譯文：我支持你的決定，但是我得說(shuō)明，我不打算受它約束。
101. Professor Jordon is well known for his _____ into the habits of the common
housefly.
A. examination B. introduction
C. research D.
expression
[答案]C. research
[注釋]research into對(duì)...研究：1)(作動(dòng)詞用)He is researching into the reading problems of
young school children.2)（作名詞用）to carry out a
research(=some research)into the causes of brain damage.(對(duì)大腦損傷原因進(jìn)行研究)。
研究可譯為make researches into, make a study of 或直接用動(dòng)詞study vt或research into (a
problem etc.).
102. The Prime Minister refused to comment on the rumor that he had planned to
_____.
A. discharge B.
dismiss C. resign D. resume
[答案]C. resign
[注釋]resign(=give up a
post)辭職：1)imagine he will resign.2)It was
his duty to resign his position.
discharge sb.= dismiss sb.解雇某人：He was
discharged(=dismissed) for being dishonest.
103. It was decided to _____ the search when there was no hope of finding the
missing girl alive.
A. call off B. take up
C. keep off D. ring up
[答案]A. call off
[注釋]call off(=cancel)取消。詳見(jiàn)Ⅲ。25注釋。
104. He put in a special _____ for an extra day's holiday so that he could
attend his daughter's wedding.
A. request B. demand
C. inquiry D. proposal
[答案]A. request
[注釋]request請(qǐng)求，put in a request for (提出請(qǐng)求)。enquiry詢問(wèn)，demand 需求，需要，proposal建議，均不和題意。
105. She _____ the temptation to buy a coat she could not afford.
A.challenged B.obstructed C.contradictedD.resisted
[答案]D.
resisted. [注釋]resist 此處意指（=keep oneself back from）“忍住...”，resist temptation(不受誘惑)。
本題譯文：她不受誘惑，不去買(mǎi)她買(mǎi)不起的外衣。
106. Scientists have to work hard to keep _____ with modern discoveries and
developments.
A. company B. track C.
touch D. pace
[答案]D. pace.
[注釋]keep pace with跟上：1)This horse is too weak to keep pace with the
others. 2)I can't help pace with your plan.
Keep in touch with與......保持聯(lián)系；了解（情況）；1)People can keep in touch with
each other even when they do leave. 2)I find it very difficult to keep in touch
with all the recent developments in my subject.(我覺(jué)得很難了解我的科目當(dāng)前的一切新發(fā)展。)
Keep company(with)與......相好：Never keep company with dishonest persons.(千萬(wàn)不要和不誠(chéng)實(shí)的人來(lái)往。)
Keep track of通曉事態(tài)，了解動(dòng)向：I find it difficult to
keep track of my old friends.(我很難了解我的老朋友的情況。)keep track of的反義結(jié)構(gòu)是lose track of（失去聯(lián)系）。
107. He didn't _____ what I read because his mind was on something else.
A. hold on B. catch on
C. take in D. get over
[答案]C. take in
[注釋]take in(=understand)理解。參閱Ⅲ。173注釋。hold on(打電話時(shí))不要掛斷；catch on明白（作不及物動(dòng)詞用），catch on to懂得，明白（作及物動(dòng)詞用）；get over克服。
108. We made plans for a visit but _____ difficulties with the car prevented
it.
A. consequent B. subordinate
C. substantial D. subsequent
[答案]D. subsequent.
[注釋]subsequent(=later,
following)隨后得，接著發(fā)生的：subsequent events（隨后發(fā)生的事件）。consequent(作為結(jié)果)而隨之發(fā)生的：His long illness and
consequent absence put him behind in his work.根據(jù)題意，本題用subsequent更妥。
109. Arrogance and pride are similar in meaning, but there is _____ difference
between them.
A. a submerged B. an
indecisive
C. an indistinct D. a subtle
[答案]D. a subtle.
[注釋]subtle微妙的，微細(xì)的，難以捉摸的。a subtle difference.（微細(xì)的差別）。Submerged浸沒(méi)的；indecisive非決定性的，非結(jié)論性的，未清楚標(biāo)明的；indistinct不清楚的，模糊的；subconscious下意識(shí)的。
110. This watch is _____ to all the other watches on the market.
A. superior B. advantageous C. super D.
beneficial
[答案]A. superior.
[注釋]superior。參看Ⅱ，669注釋。
111. The government has lost a great deal of _____ because of the large
increase in food pries.
A. strength B. support
C. agreement D. vote
[答案]B. support.
[注釋]lose support失去支持。vote作為“選票”解時(shí)，是可數(shù)名稱(chēng)，所以不能與a great deal of搭配。
112. The branches could hardly _____ the weight of the fruit.
A. retain B. maintain C.
sustain D. remain
[答案]C. sustain.
[注釋]sustain(=hold up the
weight of)承住，支撐：An old wall cannot sustain a new
building.
113. He thought this was the first pair of shoes that had fitted him _____.
A. perfectly B. justly
C. fairly D. rightly
[答案]A. perfectly.
[注釋]perfectly(=quite well,
completely)十分，完全地。
justly公正地，正當(dāng)?shù)�，�?yīng)得地；rightly正確地，恰當(dāng)?shù)兀钡�；fairly公正地，正當(dāng)?shù)�；相�?dāng)，還算；清楚地。
114. I feel sure that _____ qualification, ability and experience, you are
abundantly suited to the position we have in mind.
A. in case
of B. in terms of
C. in the opinion of D. in the course of
[答案]B. in terms of.
[注釋]in terms of依據(jù)，按照。In case of萬(wàn)一......；in the opinion of按照......的看法；in the course of在......的過(guò)程中，在......期間。以上4個(gè)習(xí)語(yǔ)均為大綱規(guī)定之列，考生應(yīng)熟記、活用。Have...in mind心中想到。
本題譯文：我肯定，根據(jù)資格、能力和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，你完全適合我們心中想到的工作。
115. So far as he could, John had always tried to _____ the example he saw in
Lincoln.
A. live up to B. set forth C. call for D. cut out
[答案]A. live up to.
[注釋]live up to不辜負(fù)，作到；參閱Ⅲ，102注釋, set forth闡明，提出，列舉；參閱Ⅲ，154注釋, cut out刪去；參閱Ⅲ，38注釋, call for需要，要求；參閱Ⅲ，26注釋。
本題譯文：只要約翰能夠，他總是努力做到他在林肯身上所看到的榜樣。
116. It would be _____ a risk to let the child go to school by himself.
A. following B. passing C.
running D. carrying
[答案]C. running.
[注釋]run(take) a risk 冒風(fēng)險(xiǎn)：You are running a big risk in trusting him.(你信任他是冒極大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。) by oneself(=alone)單獨(dú)，獨(dú)立地。
117. Children who are over-protected by their parents may become _____.
A. hurt B. spoiled C.
damaged D. harmed
[答案]B. spoiled.
[注釋]spoil(=make a child
selfish from having too much attention or praise)寵壞，慣壞；Spare the rod, spoil
the child.(省下了棍子，慣壞了孩子。)這是英國(guó)諺語(yǔ)，意為“棒頭上出孝子”。
118. Paper making began in China and from there it _____ to North Africa and
Europe.
A. sprang B. spilled
C. carried D. spread
[答案]D. spread.
[注釋]spread vt./vi. 此處意指“傳播”，如：1)The news spread quickly. 2)Files spread disease.(蒼蠅傳播疾病。)carry是及物動(dòng)詞，意為把某人從一處帶到他處，故也有“傳送”的含義，如：He carried the news to
everyone in the village. 當(dāng)carry vt. 在本句中與句子的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)不符。Carry作vi.用時(shí)，指“（發(fā)射物、聲音等）能射到，能傳到”，如：His voice carries far.
(他的聲音能傳得很遠(yuǎn)。)
119. When the entire class worked together they finished the project _____.
A. in no way B. in no
time
C. on no account D. in no case
[答案]B. in no time.
[注釋]in no time (=in a very
little time, soon, quickly)立即，馬上：The bus filled with
students in no time. (這輛公共汽車(chē)很快就被學(xué)生擠滿了。)
120. The _____ of his clothes indicated too clearly that he had been playing
football.
A. state B. condition C. occasion D.
situation
[答案]A. state.
[注釋]state n. 狀況，狀態(tài)。例如：She is in a poor state of health.
Situation處境，形勢(shì)，局面，情況，工作：He was in a hopeless situation.
condition 情況（多用復(fù)數(shù)）： Economic conditions were bad.
occasion 場(chǎng)合，時(shí)機(jī)。
121.
Circus tigers, although they have been tamed, can _____ attack their trainer.
A. unexpectedly B. deliberately
C. reluctantly D. subsequently
[答案]A. unexpectedly.
[注釋]unexpectedly 出乎意料地。例如：He unexpectedly failed to get the
job.(他出乎意料沒(méi)有得到這件工作。)又如：We met each other
unexpectedly. (我們不期而遇。)deliberately故意地：I believe the house was deliberately set fire to.(我相信這房子是有人故意放火燒的。)reluctantly 不情愿地，勉強(qiáng)地：She agreed, very reluctantly, to
help. (她十分買(mǎi)鳥(niǎo)槍地同意幫忙。) subsequently后來(lái)，隨后：He escaped from prison but was subsequently
recaptured. (他越獄逃跑了，但后來(lái)又被抓回來(lái)。)
本題譯文：馬戲團(tuán)地老虎雖然已被馴服，但也會(huì)出乎意料地襲擊馴獸師。
122. Stressful environments lead to unhealthy behaviors such as poor eating
habits, which _____ increase the risk of heart disease.
A. in turn B. in return C. by chance D. by
turns
[答案]A. in turn。
[注釋]in turn (插入語(yǔ))轉(zhuǎn)而，依次，而又：We need revision of
estimated sales and this, in turn , will mean revision in production schedule.
(我們必須修改預(yù)計(jì)銷(xiāo)量，而這反過(guò)來(lái)又意為這修訂生產(chǎn)計(jì)劃。)in return 作為報(bào)答: I wish I could do something for you in return. (我要是能為你做點(diǎn)事作為報(bào)案就好了。)I gave him a present but he gave
me nothing in return.（我送給他一份禮物，可他卻什么也不給我作為答謝。）by chance (=by
accident)偶然地；無(wú)意中：I meet him by chance on Fifth
Avenue.(我偶然在第5大街上遇到他。)by turns 輪流地，依次：There were twelve of us in the boat and we rowed by
turns.(船上有12人，我們輪流劃船。)
本題譯文：緊張的環(huán)境會(huì)導(dǎo)致諸如不良的飲食習(xí)慣等不健康行為，而后者又會(huì)增加患心臟病的危險(xiǎn)。
123. The patients believe that the doctor knows exactly how to put them _____.
A. correct B. perfect
C. right D. well
[答案]C. right。
[注釋]put sth. /sb. right 糾正；治好，使恢復(fù)健康：Since man has done so much damage,
it is up to man to put the matters right. (既然人類(lèi)已造成了如此巨大的損害，人類(lèi)又哲人糾正這種狀況。)又如：This medicine will soon put you right. (這藥很快會(huì)使你恢復(fù)健康。)其他3個(gè)選擇均不能與put 構(gòu)成習(xí)語(yǔ)，故不能入選。
本題譯文：病人相信醫(yī)生清楚地知道怎樣治好他的病。
124. They decided to leave the waiter a big _____ because the food and service
had been excellent.
A. note B. reward C.
tip D. gift
[答案]C. tip。
[注釋]tip 本題中意為“小費(fèi)”。
125. And you find that you're not to be _____ with a position of real
responsibility.
A. offered B. trusted C. furnished D.
retained
[答案]B. trusted。
[注釋]trust sb. with sth. 把某事托付給某人：I can't trust him with my car.(我不能把我的車(chē)托付給他。)本題譯文：你認(rèn)為不會(huì)把真正有責(zé)任的工作托付給你。
126. There was a good _____ of the countryside from the front of the bus.
A. sight B. view C.
scene D. scenery
[答案]B. view。
[注釋]view在本句中意指“看，眺望”，如：It is a large room with a view of the doctor's
well-kept garden. (這是一間大房間，從房間里能看到醫(yī)生精心管理的花園。)本題譯文：坐在汽車(chē)的前排座位可以清楚地看到鄉(xiāng)間的景色。
127. In aerospace devices the weight of the necessary power producing equipment
is _____.
A. vital B. possible
C. capable D. reliable
[答案]A. vital。
[注釋]vital 極其重要的。本題譯文：在航空航天裝置中必要的動(dòng)力設(shè)備的重量問(wèn)題是至關(guān)緊要的。
128. This album is _____ as it was the only one ever signed by the President.
A. unusual B. unique
C. rare D. special
[答案]B. unique。
[注釋]unique(某一類(lèi)中)獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。如選unusual(不尋常的，獨(dú)特的)，雖然也說(shuō)得過(guò)去，但毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，unique是最佳選擇，因?yàn)樗暮竺鎡he only one相呼應(yīng)。Special專(zhuān)門(mén)的，專(zhuān)用的，例如；They went to London on
a special train.[他們搭一班專(zhuān)車(chē)（或加班車(chē)）去倫敦。]rare稀有的，罕見(jiàn)的，如：rare metals(稀有的金屬)。Singular單數(shù)的。
129. Trains stop here in order to _____ passengers only.
A. get off B. pick up
C. pull up D. pull in
[答案]B. pick up
[注釋]pick up passages(接運(yùn)旅客上車(chē)。)
pull in(火車(chē))進(jìn)站；（船）靠岸；pull up停車(chē)；get off下車(chē)。
130. He _____ the place where he had been bitten by an insect.
A. snatched B. scratched C. squeezed D.
stretched
[答案]B. scratched.
[注釋]scratch抓，搔。此外，有一常用習(xí)語(yǔ)：scratch one's head over sth.對(duì)某事迷惑不解，搔頭皮。Snatch掠奪；stretch拉長(zhǎng)，延伸，撐大；squeeze壓榨，擠。
131. It is not profitable to provide bus services in districts where the
population is widely _____.
A. scattered B. dismissed C. separated
D. spread
[答案]A. scattered.
[注釋]scattered是scatter的過(guò)去分詞，也可作形容詞用，（=lying in different
directions; not situated together, wide apart）分散的，散布在各處的。Separate分開(kāi)的，spread傳播；攤開(kāi)，dismiss解雇。
132. There are usually at least two _____ of looking at every question.
A. ways B. directions
C. views D. opinions
[答案]A. ways.
[注釋]two ways of looking at
every questions意指“觀察每個(gè)問(wèn)題的兩個(gè)方面”。
133. He left in such a hurry that I _____ had time to thank him.
A. almost B. even C.
nearly D. scarcely
[答案]D. scarcely.
[注釋]scarcely(=hardly, not
quite, almost not)幾乎沒(méi)有。Scarcely是否定副詞，類(lèi)似的有：hardly, barely, rarely, seldom,
little等。研究生入學(xué)考試中經(jīng)常測(cè)試這類(lèi)否定副詞的用法。
134. As more and more cars are produced and used, so the _____ from their
exhaust-pipes contains an even larger volume of poisonous gas.
A. exposure B. distribution C. expansion
D. emission
[答案]D. emission.
[注釋]emission散發(fā)物，發(fā)射。exposure(to)暴露于：They believe that their
health problems are the result of years of exposure to fine cotton dust.(他們認(rèn)為，他們的健康問(wèn)題是多年來(lái)暴露于棉花粉塵所致。)expansion膨脹，擴(kuò)大；Heat causes the expansion of gas.本題譯文：正如汽車(chē)的生產(chǎn)和使用越來(lái)越多一樣，汽車(chē)的排氣管的散發(fā)物內(nèi)所含的有毒氣體量也在增加。
135. The book seems to have been _____ from various books and articles.
A. pieced together B. taken off
C. broken away
D. pulled out
[答案]A. pieced together.
[注釋]piece together拼合，拼湊；take off起飛；break away from脫離；pull out拔出；駛出；（車(chē)）減速。
136. We had a marvelous holiday: only the last two days were slightly _____ by
the weather.
A. damaged B. hurt C.
ruined D. spoiled
[答案]D. spoiled.
[注釋]spoiled使......掃興: A shower of rain
spoiled our day's outing.
137. I could tell he was surprised from the _____ on his face.
A. appearance B. view
C. sight D. expression
[答案]D. expression.
[注釋]expression此處意指“表情”。Appearance表示人的“儀表，外表”。
138. I'd like to take _____ of this opportunity to thank you all for your
cooperation.
A. profit B. benefit C. advantage D.
interests
[答案]C. advantage.
[注釋]take advantage
of(=make use of sth. for one's own benefit)利用：take advantage of my
ignorance(利用我的無(wú)知)。
139. If you ever have the _____ to go abroad to work, you should take it.
A. possibility B.
offer C. luck D. chance
[答案]D. chance.
[注釋]chance(偶然的)機(jī)會(huì)。Have與the(或 a) possibility不能搭配；常用There is a possibility for sb. to do sth.表示客觀存在的“可能性”。
140. Scientists think they have _____ in their attempt to find the causes of
some major dieases.
A. broken through B. worked out
C. fallen out D.
got round
[答案]A. broken through.
[注釋]break through(=be
successful after overcoming a difficulty)突破；取得重大成果：Scientists hope to
break through soon in their fight against heart disease.(科學(xué)家希望在與心臟病斗爭(zhēng)中很快取得重大成果。)
本題譯文：科學(xué)家認(rèn)為他們?cè)谔剿髂承┲匾膊〉牟∫蛑幸讶〉弥卮笸黄啤?br>
141. His test results are not very _____. He does well one week and badly the
next.
A. invariable B. consequent C. continuous D.
consistent
[答案]D. consistent.
[注釋]consistent 1)始終如一，前后一致：He is not consistent in his
statements.(他的話并不前后一致。) 2)與......一致：The story is not consistent with the facts. What
you say is not consistent with what you do.
142. The new safety regulations were agreed on after _____ with the work-force.
A. conference B.
participation
C. intervention D. consultation
[答案]D. consultation.
[注釋]consultation商議：hold a consultation with sb. about sth.（與某人商談某事）。
conference討論會(huì)；participation參加，參與；intervention干預(yù)，干涉。
143. The room was so quiet that she could hear the _____ of her heart.
A. hitting B. beating
C. tapping D. knocking
[答案]B. beating.
[注釋]beating 此處是動(dòng)名詞，指“（心）跳”：Her heart was beating furiously.
144. During World War II Malta managed to _____ most of Italian and German
bombers by throwing up an effective anti-aircraft screen.
A. put out B. shut out C. come across D. get
across
[答案]B. shut out.
[注釋]shut out(=prevent from
coming in; block)排除，排斥：They shut out our dust
by having double windows.(他們用雙層窗戶防塵。)
put out撲滅；get across越過(guò)；使人了解；come across偶然遇到。
本題譯文：第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中，馬耳他建立了有效的防空屏障以防止意大利和德國(guó)的轟炸機(jī)侵入。
145. I think we should let Maria go camping with her boyfriend. _____, she's a
big girl now.
A. Above all B. After all C. First of all D. For all
[答案]B. After all.
[注釋]after all畢竟。
“for all + 名詞”意為“盡管”: For all his wealth,
he was unhappy.(盡管他富有，但他并不幸福。)
146. Jim's close _____ to his brother made people mistake them for one another.
A. confusion B. similarity C. resemblanceD.
imitation
[答案]C. resemblance.
[注釋]resemblance n. 像（to）。 resemble(vt.)像; She resembles her mother.(=She takes after her
mother.)imitation模仿；仿效；confusion混亂，混淆；similarity相似性。
147. It has been decided that this company has the _____ right to print Mr.
Smith's novels.
A.eventual B.versatile C.extensive
D.exclusive
[答案]D. exclusive.
[注釋]exclusive(=reserved to
the person(s) concerned)獨(dú)有的；This bathroom is for
the president's exclusive use.
eventual最終的；versatile通用的，萬(wàn)用的；extensive廣泛的。
148. He has recently _____ chess to provide himself with some relaxation.
A. taken on B. taken up C. held on D. held up
[答案]B. taken up.
[注釋]take up開(kāi)始從事。take on參閱Ⅲ，162,171注釋。hold on, hold up參閱Ⅲ，162,171注釋。
149. What a terrible experience! _____ , you are safe, that's the main thing.
A. Somehow B. Anyhow C. Somewhat D.
Anywhere
[答案]B. Anyhow.
[注釋]anyhow(at= any rate;
in any case)無(wú)論如何，不管怎樣。
150. John always tries to _____ people who are useful to him professionally.
A. develop B. provoke C. correspond D. cultivate
[答案]D. cultivate.
[注釋]cultivate sb.結(jié)識(shí)（有地位的人），培養(yǎng)與......的友誼：He always tries to cultivate rich and famous
people.(他總是極力結(jié)識(shí)有錢(qián)的知名人士。)
本題譯文：約翰總是力圖結(jié)識(shí)在職業(yè)方面對(duì)他有用的人。
151.
Although he hasn't any formal qualifications, Betas _____ to do well for
himself.
A. managed B. succeeded C.
arranged D. convinced
[答案]a. managed.
[注釋]manage to do
sth.(=succeed in doing sth.)設(shè)法做成某事：1)He managed to escape
to South America.(他設(shè)法逃到了南美。) 2)We managed to get
what we wanted, anyhow.(我們反正設(shè)法得到了需要的東西。) 3)Do you suppose you
can manage to get me a passport?(你能設(shè)法給我弄到一份護(hù)照嗎？)
本題譯文：雖然他沒(méi)有正式的資力，但他收入很多。Do well for oneself吃香，收入多，改善自己的社會(huì)地位。
152. The family is a cooperative enterprise for which it is difficult to _____
rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways to deal with its own
problems.
A. set up B. put down
C. keep up D. lay down
[答案]D. lay down.
[注釋]lay down制定。參閱Ⅲ，97注釋。
153. After a short holiday, he _____ himself once more to his studies.
A. applied B.
converted C. engaged D. exerted
[答案]A. applied.
[注釋]apply oneself to“致力于”。Apply one's mind to(專(zhuān)心于)。Apply to sb. for aid(向某人求援)。Apply a theory to
practice(把理論應(yīng)用于實(shí)踐)。
154. She felt _____ of having asked such a silly question when the audience
couldn't help laughing.
A. guilty B. crazy C. miserable D. ashamed
[答案]D. ashamed.
[注釋] be ashamed of因......感到羞恥，慚愧：1)He is ashamed of what
he was done.2)She felt ashamed of having done so little.(=She felt ashamed that
she had done so little.) 3)John was ashamed to ask for help.(他不好意思向人求助。) 4)Jim was ashamed to have
troubled me with so many questions.Be guilty of犯有......罪，過(guò)失：1)He was found guilty. 2)I am not guilty of this
crime.
155. The driver can adjust the heating in winter and the air conditioning in
summer to suit his own _____.
A. leisure B. preference C. convenience
D. selection
[答案]B. preference.
[注釋]preference偏愛(ài)，更加喜歡：My preference is for beef rather
than for lamb.(我更喜歡牛肉面不是羊肉。)
156. There is not much time left; So I'll tell you about it _____.
A. in detail B. in brief C. in
short D. in all
[答案]B. in brief.
[注釋]in brief(=in a few
words)簡(jiǎn)短地（作狀語(yǔ)）,例如：He told me in brief
what had happened.（他簡(jiǎn)短地向我講了已發(fā)生地事情。）此處in brief等于briefly。此處，in brief(=in a word, in
short)簡(jiǎn)言之（作插入語(yǔ)）1)It is a long letter, but in
brief, he says "No".(這是一封長(zhǎng)信，但簡(jiǎn)言之，他說(shuō)“不”。) 2)John is smart,
polite, and well-behaved. In brief, he is admirable.此句中in brief意為in a word 或in short. in short作插入語(yǔ)，其意思是in a word(總之)。In detail詳細(xì)地。In all總計(jì)，總共：There are
157. She got married although her parents had not given her their _____.
A. allowance B. consent C.
permit D. appreciation
[答案]B. consent.
[注釋]consent n. 同意，贊成；consent (to) vi.同意，如：consent to a plan(同意一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃)。allowance津貼。permit執(zhí)照，許可證。
158. The rain was heavy and _____ the land was flooded.
A. consequently B. constantly
C. continuously D. consistently
[答案]A. consequently.
[注釋]consequently (as a
result)因而，所以。
159. Magnificent views over the countryside have often _____ people to write
poems.
A. convinced B. inspired C. induced D.
attracted
[答案]B. inspired.
[注釋]inspired鼓舞，激勵(lì)，產(chǎn)生：1)His speech inspired us to try
again. 2)He inspired confidence in me.(他使我產(chǎn)生信心。) 3)The good news
inspired us with hope.(這個(gè)好消息使我們產(chǎn)生希望。)
160. From the cheers and shouts of _____, I gathered that he was winning the
race.
A. stimulus B. urgency C. encouragement D. promotion
[答案]C. encouragement.
[注釋]encouragement鼓勵(lì)，支持：shouts of encouragement(鼓勵(lì)的歡呼聲)。
本題譯文：從歡呼聲和鼓勵(lì)聲中，我猜想他正在贏得這場(chǎng)競(jìng)賽。
161. She once again went through her composition carefully to _____ all
spelling mistakes from it.
A.withdraw B.abandon C.diminish
D.eliminate
[答案]D. eliminate.
[注釋]eliminate(=get rid of,
do away with)消除，排除，淘汰：1) Can the government eliminate
poverty?（政府能否消除貧困？） 2)eliminate slang words form an
essay(從文章中去掉俚語(yǔ)詞)。
162. When the little child caught sight of the young woman _____ in white he
started brawling immediately.
A. dressed B. wearing C. worn D. putting
on
[答案]A. dressed.
[注釋]be dressed in 穿這......衣服。Wear意為“穿著”是及物動(dòng)詞，語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上與本題不符。Put on穿上，強(qiáng)調(diào)的動(dòng)作。
163. Some areas, _____ their severe weather conditions, are hardly populated.
A. due to B. but for C. in spite of D.with relation to
[答案]A. due to.
[注釋]due to由于。有些語(yǔ)言專(zhuān)家認(rèn)為due to引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)，在句中只能作表語(yǔ)，如：1)His absence was due to the
storm. 2)The delay was due to heavy traffic. 3)This accident was due to his
carelessness.但現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)里due to引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)可以作狀語(yǔ)用，如：He failed due to carelessness. Due
to heavy traffic, he was late for an hour or so.
164. Many university courses are not really _____ to the needs of students or
their future employers.
A.associated B. relative C. geared
D. sufficient
[答案]C. geared.
[注釋]be geared to與......相連接的，與......搭配得上的。Be relative to與......有關(guān)的：This is not relative to the accident.(這和這次事故無(wú)關(guān)。)本題意指courses(課程)是否與needs(需要)掛得上鉤，而不是一般得有點(diǎn)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)選geared.
165. If we can _____ our present difficulties, then everything should be all
right.
A. get off B. come across C. come over
D. get over
[答案]D. get over.
[注釋]get over
(difficulties)克服（困難）。
166. Be careful how you _____ that jug, it will break very easily.
A. pour B. operate C.
handle D. employ
[答案]C. handle.
[注釋]handle意為“用手拿......”:Wash your hands
before you handle my books.
167. We suddenly saw the bus about to leave and had to run _____ to catch it.
A. hardly B. awkwardly
C. hard D. strongly
[答案]C hard.
[注釋]run hard意為“使勁跑”，句中hard是副詞。Hardly“幾乎不“，是否定副詞，與本題不符。
168. He hated the war so much that he decided to leave the army _____.
A. for long B. once in a while
C. for good D. once upon a time
[答案] C. for good.
[注釋] for good
(=permanently)永久地:He says he's leaving the country
for good. for long 長(zhǎng)久地。按本題題意，用 for long 不妥。once upon a time 從前。once in a while 偶爾。
169. This year the farmers were just able to gather in the _____ before the
fine weather came to an end.
A. collection B.
harvest C. flower D. plant
[答案] B. harvest.
[注釋] gather in “收獲(莊稼)”: The farmers are
gathering in the corn.
170. A successful scientist needs _____ if he wants to make hypothesis (假設(shè)) of how processes work and how events take place.
A. permission B. penetration
C. imagination D. convention
[答案] C. imagination.
[注釋] imagination 想象力；penetration 穿透；permission 允許; convention 慣例，常規(guī)。
171. Tell your brother to come _____, because it's going to rain in a minute or
two.
A. indoors B. outdoors
C. outward D. inwards
[答案] A. indoors
[注釋] 按句子的邏輯意思應(yīng)選indoors adv. 向屋里；在屋里，inwards adv，向內(nèi)，向中心，outward 向外。outdoors 是 indoors 的反義詞。
本文譯文: 叫你兄弟進(jìn)屋來(lái)，因?yàn)樘祚R上要下雨了.
172. I can't advise you what to do. You must use your own _____.
A. opinion B.
guesswork C. justice D. judgment
[答案] D judgement
[注釋] judgement 判斷。guesswork 猜測(cè)，justice 正義，公正，ideal 理想。
173. Because of the poor harvest, wheat prices have _____ in the last six
months.
A. added B. jumped C.
amounted D. developed
[答案] B. jumped.
[注釋] jump (=rise suddenly
in price) 指“(價(jià)格)暴漲”。
174. There is a 20 minute parking _____ here, so we must get back to the car
very quickly.
A. freedom B. limit C. allowance D.
prohibition
[答案] B. limit.
[注釋] parking limit 意為在停車(chē)場(chǎng)“停車(chē)的時(shí)間限制”。a 20 minutes parking limit (停車(chē)時(shí)間限制為20分鐘).
175.The country needs a _____ government. We have had three Prime Ministers in
a year.
A. stationary B. changeless C.constant D.stable
[答案] D. stable.
[注釋] stable 穩(wěn)定的。stationary 靜止的，不變的，固定的。changeless 不變 的 ，無(wú)變化的。constant 經(jīng)常不斷的。
176. Having said he would mend the clock, he discovered that he had not brought
the _____ tools for the job.
A. concise B. correct
C. right D. precise
[答案] C. right.
[注釋] right 適當(dāng)?shù)�，恰�?dāng)?shù)?He is the right man to do the job。(他是干這 項(xiàng)工作的合適人選) concise 簡(jiǎn)明扼要的，correct 正確的；exact 確切的： exact time 確切的時(shí)間，exact age 確切的年齡，exact weight 確切的重量； exact weight 確切的重量；exact information 確切的信息；exact cause 確切 的原因；exact meaning 確切的意思。
177. Radium salts, which have been found to _____ in bones, give rise to
cancers of the bone.
A. pile up B. build up
C. keep up D. pull up
[答案] B. build up.
[注釋] build up(=accumulate)
積累。pile up 堆積。keep up 保持，維持。 pull up 停車(chē)。
178. It has been laid down that each student must _____ a composition to the
teacher once a week.
A. turn in B. give up C. put forward D. bring out
[答案] A. turn in.
[注釋] turn in(=hand in) 上交。
179. Our house is the most _____ one in the street; it is painted red.
A. permanentB.indifferentC.predominant D. prominent
[答案] D. prominent.
[注釋] prominent 突出的；突起的。indifferent 漠不關(guān)心的；permanent 永久 的；predominant 占優(yōu)勢(shì)的，主要的。
180. I shall take you back to Beijing _____ you are well enough to travel.
A. presently B. promptly C. immediately D. shortly
[答案] C. immediately
[注釋]
immediately(=directly) 作連詞用，意為“一……就……”，相當(dāng)于 as soon as .
高考英語(yǔ)詞匯試題詳解（一）
1.
"Who is responsible for sending out misinformation?"
"Most of the fault lies _____ the administration."
A. in B.
to C. on D. with
[答案] D. with.
[注釋] lie with應(yīng)由.......（承擔(dān)責(zé)任）；（作出決定等）得靠...... 1)The responsibility lies with the driver.(責(zé)任應(yīng)由這個(gè)司機(jī)承擔(dān)。) 2)It lies with you to accept or
reject he the proposal.(接受還是拒絕這項(xiàng)建議由你決定。)
lie in在于： 1)The difficulty lies in their
great poverty.(困難在于他們非常貧困。) 2)the solution lies in social and political reform.(解決方法在于社會(huì)政治改革。)
2. People who live in
a small village are bound to see a good _____ of each other.
A. sum B.
quantity C. deal D. amount
[答案] C. deal.
[注釋] see a good deal of each other 經(jīng)常見(jiàn)面。
3. Maria _____ missed
the first train so as to travel on the same one as John.
A. deliberately B.
intensively
C. decisively
D. objectively
[答案] A.
deliberately.
[注釋] deliberately(=on purpose, intentionally)故意地；存心地。
4. They always kept
on good _____ with their next-door neighbors for the children's sake.
A. friendship B. relations C.
intentions D. terms
[答案]
D. terms.
[注釋]keep (be) on good terms with與......和睦相處。
5. Do you think a
wife should _____ her habits and tastes to those of her husband?
A. comply B.
confirm C. consent D. conform
[答案]D.
conform.
[注釋]conform vi遵守，符號(hào)：All the students must
conform to the rules.(全體學(xué)生必須遵守規(guī)章。)conform sth. to sth. else(vt)使符合：He conformed the plans to the new specifications.(他使這些集合符合新規(guī)范。)
comply with遵守；confirm使堅(jiān)定，確認(rèn)，證實(shí)；consent (to)同意，贊同。
6. He was afraid that
the branch might bend over and break, and he would be sent _____ to the ground.
A. crashing B.
throwing C. rushing D. dropping
[答案]A.
crashing.
[注釋]crash(to the ground)猛跌（到地上）。Crash n.
常指飛機(jī)等的“失事”，如：He was killed in an aircraft crash.(他在飛機(jī)失事中喪生。)本句中用falling不妥，fall指“落下，掉下”，本身并不強(qiáng)調(diào)落下的速度，而crash使“猛跌”，故本題用crashing最佳。
7. High interest
rates _____ people from borrowing money.
A. discourage B.
decrease C. disturb D. disgust
[答案]A.
discourage
[注釋]discourage sb. from doing sth.使認(rèn)為某事不值得做：Tht wet weather
discouraged people from going to the sports meeting.(下雨天使人覺(jué)得不值得去看運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。)
8. Despite their good
service, most inns are less costly than hotels of _____ standards.
A. equivalent B.
uniform C. alike D. likely
[答案]A.
equivalent.
[注釋]equivalent相等的，相當(dāng)?shù)模篐e exchanged his pounds
for the equivalent amount of dollars. uniform 相同的,一樣的。Likely adj.很可能的，有希望的。Alike(表語(yǔ)形容詞)相同的，相象的。
9. The two things are
the same in outward form but different _____.
A. in addition B. in brief
C. in common D. in essence
[答案]D.
in essence.
[注釋]in essence本質(zhì)上；in addition此外；in brief簡(jiǎn)短地，簡(jiǎn)言之；in common共同。
10. _____ it is a
good thing I did not get the post I had applied for, though I must admit that I
was disappointed at the time.
A. By the way B. In a
way C. In the way D. In no way
[答案]B.
In a way.
[注釋]in a way(-to some extent)在某種程度上；in no way決不；by the way 順便提一下；in the way 礙事。此題不能選by the way，因?yàn)閎y the way 做插入語(yǔ)其后應(yīng)加逗號(hào)。
本題譯文：我沒(méi)有得到我申請(qǐng)得工作在某種程度上說(shuō)是件好事，盡管我承認(rèn)當(dāng)時(shí)我很失望。
11. _____ inviting guests and not treating them properly!
A.
Strangely B. Fantastically
C. Surprisingly
D. Fancy
[答案]D.
Fancy.
[注釋]fancy doing 沒(méi)想到.......竟然：1)Fancy your him!(沒(méi)想到你竟然認(rèn)識(shí)他！) 2)Fancy spending the day in
here!(沒(méi)想到竟在這里過(guò)了一天！)
本題譯文：沒(méi)想到邀請(qǐng)了客人竟沒(méi)有好好招待！
12. With sufficient
scientific information a manned trip to Mars should be _____.
A. obtainable B. potential C.
considerable D. feasible
[答案]D.
feasible.
[注釋]feasible(=that can be done)可行的，可做到的：1)Your plan sounds quite feasible.(你的計(jì)劃聽(tīng)起來(lái)很可行。) 2)It's not feasible to
make the trip in one day.(一天內(nèi)要進(jìn)行這次旅行是做不到的。)obtainable可得到的；considerable相當(dāng)?shù)�，可觀的；potential潛在的，可能的。
13. The generation _____ makes it difficult for parents to understand their
children's opinions.
A. division B.
gap C. separation D. interval
[答案]B.
gap.
[注釋]generation gap 代溝。
division分，劃分；separation分開(kāi)；interval間隔，間隙；（幕間或工間）休息。at intervals 不時(shí)，時(shí)時(shí)
14. If the boy had
_____ the dog alone it wouldn't have bitten him.
A. set B.
left C. had D. put
[答案]B.
left.
[注釋]leave sb./sth. alone不惹，不管，不碰：Leave the box alone.(別碰那個(gè)盒子。)
15. They were so far
away that I couldn't _____ their faces clearly.
A. see through B. make
up C. see off D. make out
[答案]D.
make out.
[注釋]make out(=identify and see with
effort or difficulty)辨認(rèn)出。see through參閱Ⅲ，151,注釋:此處see through還可表示“看穿......(=understand the real meaning of or reason for; realize the
falseness of)”： 1)The teacher saw through the boy's story of having to help at
home. (=The teacher knew his story was not true; it was just an excuse.) 2) He
can't fool her. She sees him through every time.
see off送行；make up構(gòu)成，組成，拼湊；彌補(bǔ)，賠償；化裝，編造：1)編造：John made up the joke about the
talking dog. 2)彌補(bǔ)：Bob must make up the work he missed. 3)湊足： We need one more to make up the
dozen. 4)化裝： The actors were making up when we arrived. 5)構(gòu)成：Nine players make up a team.
16. Achieving a high
degree of proficiency in English as a foreign language is not a mysterious
_____ without scientific basis.
A. process B.
practice C. procedure D. program
[答案]A.
process.
[注釋]process(=connected series of
actions, or series of operations) 過(guò)程：By what process is cloth made form wool?(經(jīng)過(guò)什么過(guò)程羊毛織成呢料？)practice(=the doing of
something of, performance or repeated exercise, etc.)實(shí)習(xí)，練習(xí)；開(kāi)業(yè): She is doing her
practice at the piano.(她在練習(xí)彈鋼琴。)procedure(=the regular order of doing things)程序：the usual procedure at a meeting(開(kāi)會(huì)的通常程序)。Program(=plan of what is to be done
or list of items or events)課程，計(jì)劃，大綱：What is the program for tomorrow ?(明天上什么課?)
17. I must go now.
_____, if you want that book I'll bring it next time.
A. Incidentally
B. Accidentally
C. Occasionally
D. Subsequently
[答案]A.
Incidentally.
[注釋]incidentally(=by the way)附帶地，順便：Fred said, incidentally,
that he had no dinner.(順便提一下，福來(lái)德那時(shí)說(shuō)，他還沒(méi)吃晚飯。)accidentally(=by chance)偶然地：I met with an old friend of mine
accidentally last week.(上星期我偶然碰到一位老朋友。)occasionally (=from time to time,
not regularly)不時(shí)地，偶爾：We get visitors here occasionally.(我們偶爾在此接游客。)subsequently(=afterwards, later)
At first we thought we would go; but subsequently we learned we were needed at
home.(起初,我們想離開(kāi)；但隨后我們得知家里需要我們。)
18. A completely new
situation is likely to _____ when the school leaving age is raised to 16.
A. arouse B.
rise C. arise D. abide
[答案]C.
arise.
[注釋]arise(=come into being, appear,
happen)產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生：Difficulties will arise
as we do the work.(我們做這項(xiàng)工作時(shí)將會(huì)發(fā)生困難。)arouse 喚起，激起，喚醒；rise 上升;abide (by)遵守。
本題譯文：當(dāng)中學(xué)畢業(yè)年齡上升到16歲時(shí)，很可能產(chǎn)生完全新的情況。
19. The illness from
which Mary is suffering has now been _____ as hepatitis (肝炎).
A. diagnosed B. determined
C. deduced D. discovered
[答案]A.
diagnosed.
[注釋]diagnose...as 把......診斷為......。
本題譯文：瑪麗的病現(xiàn)已診斷為肝炎。
20. These continual
_____ in temperature make it impossible to decide what to wear.
A. alterations B. vibrations
C. waves D. fluctuations
[答案]D.
fluctuations.
[注釋]fluctuations波動(dòng)；waves波浪；alterations(部分)改變，變更；vibrations(物理學(xué)上)振動(dòng)。
21. All foreign visitors are requested to _____ with the regulations in this
area.
A. agree B.
comply C. consent D. conform
[答案]B.
comply.
[注釋]comply with(=act in accordance
with a demand, order, rule, etc.)遵守：People who refuse to comply with the law will be punished.(拒絕遵守法律者將受到懲罰。)conform(to)使一致，符合；conform to rules符合規(guī)則；conform to the customs
of society(遵從社會(huì)習(xí)俗)；consent to 同意，贊同；consent to a plan(贊同計(jì)劃)。
22. Thomas Edison
considered genius to be _____ one per cent inspiration and ninety-nine percent
perspiration.
A. composed
of B. constituted in
C. consisted of
D. comprised in
[答案]A.
composed of.
[注釋]be composed of由......組成。Consist of由......組成，是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故不合題意。
23. Although Lucy was
slimming, she found cream cakes quite _____.
A.
irregular B. inevitable
C. incredible D.
irresistible
[答案]
D. irresistible
[注釋]irresistible不可抵抗的，誘人的，1)I had a irresistible
desire to run away,2)I can't refuse this offer; it is irresistible.
Irregular 不規(guī)律的, 不合規(guī)則的：1)the trains from here are irregular.(這里發(fā)的火車(chē)是不規(guī)律的。) 2)These procedures are
highly irregular.(這些程序是非常不合規(guī)矩的。)
incredible 不可避免的，不可信的：1)Old superstitions are
incredible to educated people.（舊的迷信對(duì)受過(guò)教育的人來(lái)說(shuō)是不可信的。）2)His story of rescuing six
drowning men is incredible.(他說(shuō)他救了6個(gè)溺水者，這是難以置信的。)
inevitable 不可避免的：1)Traffic delays are
inevitable at a holiday weekend.（假日周末交通耽擱是難免的。）2)Pain is Inevitable when one
breaks a bone.（骨折是疼痛是難避免的。）
本題譯文：雖然露西正在減輕體重，但她覺(jué)得奶油蛋糕是誘人的。
24. In order to _____ the rising production costs, the subscription rates have
been increased.
A. add up to B. look up to
C. cut shortD. keep up with
[答案]D.
keep up with.
[注釋] keep up with跟上。參閱。88注釋。Add up to參閱.2注釋?zhuān)籧ut short 詳見(jiàn).38;look up to(=admire, respect)贊美，尊敬：We look up to the old workers as our teacher.（我們把這位老工人尊為我們的老師。）本題中rates意為“價(jià)格，費(fèi)用”。
本題譯文：為了跟上生產(chǎn)成本的上升，預(yù)定費(fèi)已提高。
25. Your essay is
quite good: just _____ it _____ with a few illustrations and quotations.
A. put ..
up B. touch .. up
C. cut .. out D.
write .. off
[答案]B.
touch up.
[注釋] touch up(=improve or perfect by
small additional strokes or alterations)潤(rùn)色，修飾：1)The last part of the article needs to be touched up.(這篇文章的最后一部分需要潤(rùn)色。) 2)He touched up the
picture by strengthening and shadows.(他把畫(huà)修飾了一下，使光明部分和陰暗部分的對(duì)比度更鮮明。)
put up留宿；cut out 刪掉；write off報(bào)銷(xiāo)，勾消。
本題譯文：你的文章很好；只要用些例證和引語(yǔ)修飾一下。
26. I hope my teacher
will take my recent illness into _____ when judging my examination.
A. regard B. account
C. thought D. observation
[答案]B.
account.
[注釋] take sth. into account(=consider)考慮到：We must take local conditions into
accoutn.
27. There are three
basic ways of _____ language to writing, and all known graphic systems use one
or a combination of these.
A. committing B.
attaching C. comparing D. relating
[答案]A.
committing.
[注釋] commit...to 托付，交付：1)He was committed to the care of his aunt.(他被托付給他的姨媽照管。) 2)I have already
committed the rules to memory.(我早已記住這些規(guī)則了。)commit sth. to writing(把......寫(xiě)下來(lái))。
28. Roses are quite
_____ flowers in English gardens.
A. ordinary B.
common C. usual D. general
[答案]B.
common.
[注釋]common(=usual and ordinary;
happening of found often and in many places)普通的；常見(jiàn)的；常常發(fā)生的；到處可見(jiàn)的：a common experience(普通的經(jīng)歷)；a common tree(常見(jiàn)的樹(shù)木)。This bird is common throughout
Europe.(這種鳥(niǎo)在歐洲很常見(jiàn)。)They can treat most of the common diseases.(他們能治療大多數(shù)常見(jiàn)病。)usual(=done, found,
used or existing most of the time) 經(jīng)常的，通常的，慣例的，習(xí)以為常的；強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間習(xí)慣方面，例如：This is the usual state
of the house.(這房子里平常就是這種樣子。)ordinary正常的，普通的，正常的；an ordinary day(平凡的一天)，ordinary people(普通人), a piece of ordinary dance music(一首普通的舞曲)。General普通的。它與common比較，語(yǔ)氣稍強(qiáng)，含有很少例外的意外。可見(jiàn)本題中用common是最佳的選擇。
29. American women were _____ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of
hard struggle.
A. ignored B.
refused C. neglected D. denied
[答案]D.
denied.
[注釋] deny 1)否認(rèn)：A. He didn't deny the facts. B. They couldn't deny that it was a
serious blow to them. C. He denied having ever there.(他否認(rèn)曾到過(guò)那里。) 2)(=say 'no' to a
request; refuse to give sth. asked for or needed)不給予；Lots of people were denied the right to vote.(許多人被剝奪了選舉權(quán)。)He denies his wife
nothing.(他對(duì)他的妻子有求必應(yīng)。)
30. On turning the
corner, we saw the road _____ steeply.
A. departing B. decreasing
C. descending D. depressing
[答案]C.
descending.
[注釋] descend(=come or go down)走下來(lái)；傳下來(lái)：1)He descended from the top of the mountain. 2)Are men
descended from apes?(人是不是猿的后代？)depress 壓抑，使沮喪。Depart出發(fā)，起程。
31. We
can't _____ one to change the habits of a lifetime in a short time.
A. hope B.
wait C. expect D. imagine
[答案]C.
expert.
[注釋]expert期望，盼望，表示認(rèn)為有很大的客觀可能性，例如：I expert the work to be finished by Friday.（我期望這項(xiàng)工作能在星期五前做完。）wait for ... to do sth.等待、等待......做......，強(qiáng)調(diào)“等”這一動(dòng)詞的本身，如：The audience are waiting eagerly for the performance to begin.(觀眾正等著演出開(kāi)始。)本題如改為這樣：I waited for him to
arrive in time for dinner, but he didn't come.(我等他來(lái)趕上晚餐，但他沒(méi)有來(lái)。)則句子使是對(duì)的。由此可見(jiàn)，expect是表示“期待”，而wait for 是表示“等待”，詞義完全不同。注意hope后不能接sb. to do sth.。imagine being on the moon. 3)I'm sorry, but I can't imagine
anyone doing research like that.(很遺憾，我不能想象人家那樣做實(shí)驗(yàn)。)
本題譯文：我們不能期望一個(gè)人在這樣短的時(shí)間內(nèi)改變一輩子養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣。
32. It was necessary
to _____ the factory building as the company was doing more and more business.
A. extend B.
increase C. lengthen D. magnify
[答案]A.
extend.
[注釋]本題中extend意為“擴(kuò)大”。lengthen拉長(zhǎng),延長(zhǎng)。magnify放大。 Spread vi. 傳播；vt.展開(kāi)；He spread butter on the toast.(他在烤面包上涂上奶油。)
33. I asked the tailor to make a small _____ to my trousers because they were
too long.
A. change B. variation
C. revision D. alteration
[答案]D
alteration.
[注釋]alteration 修正，更改，尤指部分的改變。Change改變，變化，可指表面的、本質(zhì)的、內(nèi)在的變化。Revision修訂、修正，常指文章、詞典、劇本等的修改、訂正。Variation(形式、位置、條件的)變化、改變、變動(dòng)：We need some variation
in our daily routine.(我們的例行公事需要作些變動(dòng)。)
34. Because of the
strong sun Mrs. William's new dining room curtains _____ from dark blue to gray
within a year.
A. faded B.
fainted C. paled D. diminished
[答案]A.
faded.
[注釋]fade vt/vi褪色。Faint暈到，變得虛弱：He fainted from hunger. Diminish vt./vi.減少：1)His illness diminished his
strength. 2)The campers' food supply diminished as the days wore on.(隨著日子的緩緩消逝，野營(yíng)者的食品供應(yīng)日益減少。)pale變蒼白。
35. Jack is good, kind, hard-working and intelligent. _____, I can't speak too
highly of him.
A. As a
result B. By the way
C. On the whole
D. In a word
[答案]D.
In a word.
[注釋]in a word(=in short)總之，簡(jiǎn)言之。
本題是測(cè)試“過(guò)度詞”，考生務(wù)必根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡詞，使句子的意思前后連貫。
36. Evidence obtained
from observation and experiment is often used to _____ a scientific theory.
A. confirm B.
confine C. conform D. conceive
[答案]A.
confirm.
[注釋] confirm(=support; make certain;
give proof of)證實(shí)，確實(shí)：1)Please confirm your telephone message in writing.(請(qǐng)把你電話中所說(shuō)的話再用文字復(fù)述一篇。) 2)The king confirmed
that the election would be on June 20th.(國(guó)王確認(rèn)，這次選擇將于六月二十日舉行。)confine...to把......限制于：Please confine your remarks to the
subject we are talking about.(請(qǐng)把你的話限止于我們正在談?wù)摰念}目。)conform (to)使一致，符合，遵守。Conceive 1)想到，想出：He very quickly
conceived a new plan.[注意]conceive of想象:They could not conceive of the possibility of failure.(他們不能想象失敗的可能。)
37. Political parties
often differ in their views on various _____ concerning their own countries.
A. ways B.
measures C. issues D. patterns
[答案]c.
issues.
[注釋]issue此處意為“重大問(wèn)題”。measure措施，雖然填入本題也說(shuō)得過(guò)去，但不夠貼切。pattern模式，圖案，圖樣。與題意不符，不能入選。way 方法，方式。
38. _____ his
knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith was appointed as our guide.
A. In spite
of B. On account of
C. Regardless of
D. Instead of
[答案]B.
On account of
[注釋]on account of(=because of)由于，因?yàn)椤egardless of(=without worrying about)不顧；Regardless of danger, he climbed
the tower.
39. The lawyer was
expected to _____ some proposals after reading all those documents.
A. come up with
B. put up with
C. look up
to D. keep up with
[答案]A.
come up with.
[注釋]come up with提出。參閱Ⅲ，33。注釋。Put up with忍受；keep up with跟上，與......保持一致；look up to尊敬。
40. While typing,
Helen has a habit of stopping _____ to give her long and flowing hair a smooth.
A. occasionally
B. simultaneously
C.
eventually D. directly
[答案]A.
occasionally.
[注釋]occasionally 偶爾。參閱IV。137注釋。Simultaniously同時(shí)地； directly直接
41. In my opinion,
you can widen the _____ of these improvements through your active
participation.
A. dimension B.
volume C. magnitude D. scope
[答案]D.
scope.
[注釋]scope(=the area within the limits of a questions, subject ect. ;
range)(活動(dòng))范圍，機(jī)會(huì)，余地：The politics of a
country would be outside the scope of a book for tourists.(一個(gè)國(guó)家的政治不屬于旅游手冊(cè)的內(nèi)容范圍之內(nèi)。)dimension尺寸，尺度；magnitude大小，數(shù)量；volume體積。均不切題，不能入選。
本題譯文：依我看，通過(guò)你的積極參與，你能夠擴(kuò)大這些改進(jìn)措施的范圍。
42. The noise was so _____ that only those with excellent hearing were aware of
it.
A. dim B.
soft C. faint D. gentle
[答案]c.
faint.
[注釋]faint(=weak, indistinct; not clear)“微弱的，模糊的，不清楚的”。Dim(=not bright, not clearly to be seen)不亮的，看不清的；the dim light of a
candle(微弱的燭光)。
43. If he refuses to
_____ my plan, I can probably find someone more cooperative.
A. put up
with B. fall in with
C. do away with
D. get along with
[答案]B.
fall in with.
[注釋]fall in with(=agree to)同意：Is it true that you have fallen in
with them?(你真的同意他們的意見(jiàn)嗎？)put up with忍受。do away with廢除；殺死。get along with進(jìn)行，進(jìn)展；相處。
本題譯文：如果他不肯同意我的計(jì)劃，我或許能找一個(gè)更能合作的人。
44. Some people
either _____ avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutral about them.
A. violently B. sincerely C.
properly D. deliberately
[答案]D.
deliberately.
[注釋]deliberately(=on purpose)故意地。Sincerely真誠(chéng)地；violently強(qiáng)暴的，激烈的，暴力引起的。properly 1)好好地，恰當(dāng)?shù)�；She never makes any
attempt to clean it properly.(她從來(lái)也不打算好好地把它擦干凈。) 2)嚴(yán)格地：Properly speaking, a whale is not a fish.(嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)，鯨魚(yú)不是魚(yú)。)
45. Her skirt had
been so _____ in packing that she had to iron it before going out.
A. faded B.
torn C. dirty D. crushed
[答案]D.
crushed.
[注釋]crush把......弄皺。因?yàn)楹蟀刖渲衖ron指“熨平”，所以不能選其他答案了。
46. His landlady gave
him a week's _____ to leave the flat.
A. threat B.
notice C. advice D. caution
[答案]B.
notice.
[注釋]notice預(yù)先通知（尤用雇主、雇員或房東、房客之間）：give one's employee a
month's notice (通知雇員一個(gè)月后離職)。
本題譯文：他的女房東通知他一周后從套間搬走。
47. Even if they are
on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than,
_____ at the other store.
A. anyone B. the
others C. that D. the ones
[答案]D.
the ones
[注釋]代詞one可以用來(lái)替代前面提到過(guò)的名詞，以避免重復(fù)。如果它替代的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，則用ones。本題中它代替refrigerators；因特指，故用the ones.
48. When I took his
temperature, it was two degrees above _____.
A. average B.
ordinary C. regular D. normal
[答案]D.
normal
[注釋]normal正常的；ordinary普通的；usual平常的；regular有規(guī)律的，定期的。
49. With the change
of the economic foundation the entire immense superstructure is _____ rapidly
transformed.
A. anything but B. more or
less C. at large D. any more
[答案]B.
more or less.
[注釋]more or less 或多或少地；anything but根本不；at large大體上；逍遙法外；詳細(xì)地。
本題譯文：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)的改變，整個(gè)龐大的上層建筑也或多或少地發(fā)生變革。
50. The author of the
report is well _____ with the problems in the hospital because he has been
working there for many years.
A. acquainted B. informed C.
enlightened D. advised
[答案]A.
acquainted.
[注釋]be acquainted with熟悉，be well informed of(about)對(duì)......消息靈通。可見(jiàn)，此題中應(yīng)用acquainted,因?yàn)楹竺娴亟樵~是with.
51. It is clear that
the whole world is passing through a social revolution in which a central _____
must be taken by scientists and technologists.
A. process B.
attention C. measure D. part
[答案]D.
part.
[注釋]take part in參加。
本題譯文：顯然，整個(gè)世界正經(jīng)歷著一場(chǎng)社會(huì)革命；科學(xué)家和技術(shù)人員必定是這場(chǎng)革命地主要參加者。
52. The farmers were
more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more _____.
A. at length B.
at last C. at stake D. at ease
[答案]C.
at stake.
[注釋]at stake(=to be won or lost; risked, depending upon the result of
sth.)在危險(xiǎn)中；利害攸關(guān)；His life itself was at
stake.(他的生命本身瀕臨危險(xiǎn)。); at last最終；at length詳細(xì)地；at ease安詳，自在，隨便，不拘束：She knew he was not at
ease.(她知道，他并不自在。)
本題譯文：農(nóng)民們比城里人更渴望魚(yú)，因?yàn)橛晁畬?duì)農(nóng)民來(lái)說(shuō)關(guān)系更大。
53. When the big
bills for mother's hospital care came, father was glad he had money in the bank
to _____.
A. fall short of
B. fall through
C. fall back
on D. fall in with
[答案]C.
fall back on.
[注釋]fall back on求助于。參閱Ⅲ.48注釋。
Fall short of沒(méi)達(dá)到，低于：1)He fell short of what we had expected.(他沒(méi)有達(dá)到我們的期望。) 2)The measures
proposed fall far short of what is required.(所提出的這些措施遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)達(dá)到需要的 目標(biāo)。)Fall in with與......一致，符合；同意，贊成，支持。Fall through落空。參閱Ⅲ.49注釋。
本題譯文：母親在醫(yī)院就醫(yī)的各種帳單送來(lái)時(shí)，父親高興的是他可用銀行里的存款來(lái)支付。
54. These plastic
flowers look so _____ that many people think they are real.
A. beautiful B.
natural C. artificial D. similar
[答案]B.
natural.
[注釋]natural自然的，與后半句“許多人認(rèn)為它們是真的”相呼應(yīng)。
55. The managing
director promised that he would _____ me as soon as he had any further
information.
A. communicate
B. notice C. notify D. note
[答案]C.
notify.
[注釋]notify通知。Notice n.通知；v.注意到；note n.筆記；v.記下，摘下。
56. When I worked as
the general manager of the firm, I sometimes had _____ to visit London on
business.
A. opportunity B.
possibility C. occasion D. chance
[答案]C.
occasion
[注釋] occasion 作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，意為“時(shí)機(jī)”，作不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，意為“必要”，本題中occasion意為“必要”。從句語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上看，本句中用opportunity(難得的)機(jī)會(huì)，chance（偶然的）機(jī)會(huì)均可，但按邏輯意思，應(yīng)用occasion.
57. The most
important _____ of his speech was that we should all work whole-heartedly for
the people.
A. element B.
spot C. sense D. point
[答案]D.
point.
[注釋]point(=chief idea of sth. said, done, or planned)要點(diǎn)；論點(diǎn)，主旨：I don't see your point.(我不明白你的意思。)He said nothing to the
point.(他說(shuō)的不切題。)
58. It has always
been the _____ of our firm to encourage workers to take part in social
activities.
A. plan B.
campaign C. procedure D. policy
[答案]D.
policy.
[注釋]policy(尤指政黨、政府、大企業(yè)、商行等的)政策，方針。Campaign(政治或競(jìng)選的)運(yùn)動(dòng)；（軍事的）行動(dòng)，procedure做事的手續(xù)、程序，rule規(guī)則，plan計(jì)劃，均不合題意。
本題譯文：本公司的一貫方針是鼓勵(lì)工人參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)。
59. The climbers
_____ their ambition by reaching the summit of the mountain.
A. obtained B.
sustained C. maintained D. realized
[答案]D.
realised.
[注釋]realise sth. by doing sth. else通過(guò)做......來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn).......。
60. I remember her
face but I cannot _____ where I met her.
A. recall B.
remind C. remember D. remark
[答案]A.
recall.
[注釋]recall(=bring back to the mind)想起，回憶起：But I really cann't recall your name at his moment.
Remind sb. of ...使......想起：1)The photo reminds me of my late
father.(這張照片使我想起已故的父親。) 2)The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.Remind
sb. to sth.提醒......做......；Please remind me to write the letter.
61. He has left his book here on _____, so
that you can read it.
A. purpose B.
intention C. aim D. meaning
[答案]A.
purpose.
[注釋]on purpose是介詞習(xí)語(yǔ)，意為“故意地”。如用intention,則應(yīng)說(shuō)by intention故意地。
62. The magician
picked several persons from the audience and asked them to help him with the
performance.
A. by accident
B. on occasion
C. at
random D. on an average
[答案]C.
at random.
[注釋]at random(=without aim or purpose)隨便地，胡亂地：His clothes were
scattered about the room at random.
By accident意外地；on occasion偶爾；on an average平均計(jì)算。
63. The open university was started in order to help those who _____ having a
university education when they were young.
A. stopped B.
failed C. missed D. ceased
[答案]C.
missed.
[注釋]miss doing sth.沒(méi)有做某事：I missed seeing the film when it was shown at school.(學(xué)校放映那部電影時(shí)，我沒(méi)有能去看。)
64. His _____of the
aeroplane was correct in every detail and could really fly.
A. shape B.
pattern C. design D. model
[答案]D.
model.
[注釋]model此句中意為“（飛機(jī)的）模型”。
65. If you _____ your
demand, then maybe you will have more chance of getting what you want.
A. conduct B.
dismiss C. grant D. moderate
[答案]D.
moderate.
[注釋]moderate(=make or become less
violent or extreme)節(jié)制，緩和，減輕。
66. Don't _____ the
news to the public until we give you the go-ahead (許可，準(zhǔn)許).
A. release B.
discard C. relieve D. retain
[答案]A,
release.
[注釋]release(=allow news to be published)發(fā)布（新聞）：Details of the scheme have not yet been released to the
public.(這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃的細(xì)節(jié)尚未向公眾發(fā)布。)relieve 1)減輕（痛苦，緊張情緒等）：What will relieve a headache? This
will help to relieve our hardship. 2)使放心，使寬慰：The good news relieved us, for we had been very anxious. 3)賑濟(jì)，救濟(jì)：The fund is for
relieving distress among the flood victims. 4)relieve...from(of)解除，免除； a. This medicine will
help to relieve you from your pain. b. He was relieved of his duties.retain(=
keep; continue to have or hold)保持，繼續(xù)保有：1)She retains a clear memory of her schooldays. 2)You must
retain your tickets.
67. The storm
sweeping over this area now is sure to cause _____ of vegetables in the coming
days.
A. rarity B.
scarcity C. invalidity D. variety
[答案]B.
scarcity.
[注釋]scarcity(=the state of being
scarce)缺乏；不足（指原本充足之物暫時(shí)在數(shù)量上的缺乏）。例如：The scarcity of fruit
was caused by the drought.(水果的供應(yīng)不足是干旱所引起的。)rarity(=sth. uncommon, unusual or
sth. valued because rare)珍稀，稀少：Snow is a rarity around the equator.(雪在赤道周?chē)呛币?jiàn)之物。)invalidity(=making weak
by illness; not suitable for use)無(wú)效性，喪失工作能力。Variety(=difference of condition or
quality)變化，多樣化。
本題譯文：目前席卷這一地區(qū)的暴風(fēng)雨今后肯定會(huì)引起蔬菜短缺。
68. Jack almost fell
off the cliff, but managed to _____ until help came.
A. keep on B. catch
on C. count on D. hang on
[答案]D.
hang on.
[注釋]hang on(=hold fast, keep hold)牢牢抓住，抓緊不放：Help! I can't hang on much longer.(救命啊！我支持不住啦。)keep on(doing sth.)繼續(xù)（做......）；catch on 理解；count on 指望，依賴。
本題譯文：杰克差點(diǎn)從懸崖上掉下來(lái)，但得以抓住不放直到得救。
69. Experts say
walking is one of the best ways for a person to _____ healthy.
A. preserve B.
stay C. maintain D. reserve
[答案]B.
stay.
[注釋]preserve, stay, maintain, reserve這4個(gè)詞均有“保持”，“維持”之意。stay后可接形容詞作表語(yǔ)：The weather stayed wet for three days.其他3個(gè)詞均為及物動(dòng)詞。Preserve(=keep safe from decay, risk, harm, danger, going bad etc.)保存，保護(hù)：1)Policemen preserve
order in the streets.(警察在街上維持秩序。) 2)We must preserve our natural resources.(我們必須保護(hù)自然資源。)3)You paint woodwork to
preserve it.(你油漆木制品以防腐爛。)Maintain(=keep up)保持，維持，維修。Reserve(=keep for a special purpose; store)保留，預(yù)定：1)I'll reserve my
opinion at his time,(這時(shí)我將保留我的看法。) 2)I'll phone up today and reserve a room.(我今天將打電話預(yù)定一個(gè)房間。)
本題譯文：專(zhuān)家們說(shuō)，步行是一個(gè)人保持健康的最好方法之一。
70. Expected noises
are usually more _____ than unexpected ones of the like magnitude.
A. manageable B.
controllable
C.
tolerable D. perceivable
[答案]C.
tolerable.
[注釋]tolerable(=fairly good, not too bad)可忍受的：The pain has become tolerable. manageable可處理的；可管理的；controllable可控制的；perceivable可覺(jué)察的。
本題譯文：料想到的嗓音通常情況下比起等量的意外嗓音來(lái)說(shuō)是可以忍受的。
71. It isn't so much
whether he works hard; the question is whether he works _____.
A. above all B.
in all C. at all D. after all
[答案]C.
at all.
[注釋]at all全然，真地（常用于肯定句中）：If you do it at all, do it well.(你若真做，就得做好。)not...at all全不，毫不：He doesn't seem at all
interested in my plane.(他似乎對(duì)我的計(jì)劃毫無(wú)興趣。)above all(=most important of all)最重要的。in all總計(jì)：We were fifteen in all.(我們總計(jì)15人。)after all畢竟，終究。
本題譯文：他是否努力工作到并不重要，問(wèn)題是他是否真正地做了。
72. Mary had taken
_____ to see that her guests had everything that they could possibly want.
A. efforts B.
pains C. attempts D. endeavors
[答案]B.
pains.
[注釋]take pains to do sth.下苦功夫做某事：I'm grateful because you have taken pains to show me how to
do the work.
73. He ate what he
could, and gave the _____ of the food to the birds.
A. remain B.
uneaten C. rest D. part
[答案]C.
reset
[注釋]the rest (of)剩余部分，其余。remain作“剩余物”(=what is left)解時(shí)常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：the remains of a meal(殘羹剩飯)。[ALI]《新英漢辭典》認(rèn)為也可以用單數(shù)，可作參考。
74. The government
placed _____ on the numbers of foreign cars that could be imported.
A.
limitations B. restraint
C. requirements
D. restrictions
[答案]D.
restrictions.
[注釋]restriction(可數(shù)名稱(chēng))限制性規(guī)定：It is a club with rigid restrictions on its membership.Limitation局限性，不足之處，不利之處（可數(shù)）：1)I know my
limitations.(我了解我的不足之處。) 2)Every from of art has its limitations.（每種藝術(shù)形式都有其局限性。）
75. We won't know
whether it will be successful. We won't know whether there will be good _____.
A. ends B.
results C. effects D. causes
[答案]B.
results.
[注釋]result意為“由某種活動(dòng)或某種原因所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果”，如：obtain(=get, attain, gain win, secure)good results（取得好結(jié)果），publish the results（公布成績(jī)）。
76. No one imagined
that the apparently _____ businessman was really a criminal.
A. respectful B. respectable C.
respective D. respected
[答案]B.
respectable.
[注釋]respectable受到尊敬的。詳見(jiàn)117.注釋。
本題譯文：沒(méi)有一個(gè)想象到這個(gè)看起來(lái)令人尊敬的商人竟是一個(gè)罪犯。
77. At first the
institute refused to purchase the telescope, but this decision was _____
revised.
A. occasionally
B. consequently
C. successively
D. subsequently.
[答案]D.
subsequently.
[注釋]subsequently(=afterwards)隨后，其后。
78. The speaker _____
several other subjects in the course of his talk but mostly kept himself to the
main topic.
A. held on B.
worked out C. touched on D. kept out of
[答案]C.
touched on
[注釋]touch on簡(jiǎn)單談到。參閱Ⅲ.178注釋。
79. Comrade Li
Dazhao, _____ librarian of Beijing University, was one of the founders of the
Chinese Communist Party.
A. sometimes B. sometime C.
some time D. some times
[答案]B.
sometime.
[注釋]sometime(=former)過(guò)去的，以前的：Alice Brown, a sometime pupil of our school, is now a teacher
there.
80. Alice was very
sorry to hear that her grandmother had _____ two days before.
A. broken off B.
passed off
C. given away D.
passed away
[答案]D.
passed away.
[注釋]pass away(=die)死亡，是“死亡”的委婉語(yǔ)。
break off中斷；give away給掉；泄露；pass off中止，中斷。
81. What makes the space
shuttle _____ is that it takes off like a rocket but lands like an airplane.
A. exceptional
B. strange C. unique D. rare
[答案]C.
unique.
[注釋]unique(=being the only one of its type)同類(lèi)事物中獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。如：This stamp is unique;
all others like it have been lost or destroyed.
82. People cannot but
feel _____, for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a
stupid mistake.
A. puzzled B.
delighted C. induced D. inspired
[答案]A. puzzled.
本題譯文：人們不得不感到迷惑，因?yàn)樗麄兒?jiǎn)直不能理解，他怎么能犯這樣愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤。
83. When a space
shuttle has accomplished its _____, it can be ready for another trip in about
two weeks.
A. venture B. mission C.
commission D. responsibility
[答案]B.
mission.
[注釋]mission通常指一種特殊的、特定的且有一定難度的使命或工作，常與accomplish, complete等詞搭配，如：accomplish a historic
mission完成一項(xiàng)歷史使命。Venture冒險(xiǎn)；常指商業(yè)上的冒險(xiǎn)投機(jī)。例如：He declined the business
venture. Commission委任；代理；傭金。He often goes beyond his commission.(他時(shí)常越權(quán)。)responsibility責(zé)任。
本題譯文：當(dāng)航天飛機(jī)完成了它的使命，它能在大約兩周內(nèi)做好準(zhǔn)備再次航行。
84. He's the kind of
man who is fond of _____ compliments to other men's wives.
A. paying B. saying C.
expressing D. showing
[答案]A.
paying
[注釋]pay a compliment (compliments) to sb.恭維某人。
85. Radar enables the
pilot of an airliner to take off, fly and land in _____.
A. danger B.
comfort C. continuity D. safety
[答案]D.
safety.
[注釋]in safety安全地。從邏輯上看，其他選擇均不切題。
86. The map was drawn
to the standard _____ of 1/100,000, so there was not much detail.
A. route B.
line C. rate D. scale
[答案]d.
scale.
[注釋]scale在此題中意指“（實(shí)物與地圖、圖解等代表物間的）比例，比例尺”.be drawn to be
standard scale of 1/100,000(按照十萬(wàn)分之一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)比例尺繪制)。
87. Our Party has
always devoted great attention to raising the living _____ of the working
people.
A. cost B.
situation C. level D. standard
[答案]D.
standard.
[注釋]living standard生活水準(zhǔn)。
88. It was _____ by
the railway board that the cost of rail fares would be increased by ten
percent.
A. noticed B.
stated C. suggested D. noted
[答案]B.
stated.
[注釋]state此處意為“（=make sth. know, announce）宣布，通告，聲明（口頭的或書(shū)面的）”，如：It is stated that all the accident were killed.(據(jù)宣布，事故中全部人員無(wú)一幸免。)suggest建議，是表示欲望意義的動(dòng)詞，從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should +動(dòng)詞原形）。Note(=notice)“注意到”，如：It was noted that the temperature rose during this time.
89. The chances of
discovering life on Neptune are about a million _____.
A. at one B. for
one C. to one D. against one
[答案]c. the one.
[注釋]a million to one百萬(wàn)分之一，意為“幾乎沒(méi)有什么可能”。
90. Everything he
said then was _____ by what happened later.
A. identified B. signified
C. noticed D. verified
[答案]D.
verified.
[注釋]verify(=prove the truth of)證實(shí)，證明：1)It was easy to verify his statements.(很容易證實(shí)他說(shuō)的話。) 2)Later findings
verified the scientist's theory(后來(lái)的各種發(fā)現(xiàn)證明這位科學(xué)家的理論是對(duì)的。)
identify識(shí)別，鑒別；signify表示，意味，要緊；有重要性：1)He signified that he
agreed by nodding.(他點(diǎn)頭表示同意。) 2)Never mind, it doesn't signify.(沒(méi)事兒，這無(wú)關(guān)緊要。)
2009屆高考備考復(fù)習(xí)理科綜合能力測(cè)試(04)（物理卷）
14、2006年l0月9日朝鮮進(jìn)行了地下核試驗(yàn)，其核反應(yīng)為裂變反應(yīng)。下列核反應(yīng)方程屬于裂變的是（ ）
A. 
B． 
C. 
D． 
15、
A. A表示地球，B表示月球
B. “嫦娥”一號(hào)完全被地球陰影遮擋時(shí)，所處位置在2區(qū)域
C. “嫦娥”一號(hào)完全被地球陰影遮擋時(shí)，所處位置在1區(qū)域
D. “嫦娥”一號(hào)完全被地球陰影遮擋時(shí)，所處位置在3區(qū)域
16、下列說(shuō)法中正確的是（ ）
A．布朗運(yùn)動(dòng)是液體分子對(duì)懸浮固體顆粒的碰撞作用不平衡造成的
B．氣體的體積變小時(shí)，單位體積的分子數(shù)增多，單位時(shí)間內(nèi)打到器壁單位面積上的分子數(shù)增多，從而氣體的壓強(qiáng)一定增大
C．壓縮一定量的氣體，氣體的內(nèi)能一定增加
D．分子a從遠(yuǎn)處只在分子力作用下趨近固定不動(dòng)的分子b，當(dāng)a到達(dá)受b的分子力為零處時(shí)，分子勢(shì)能最大
17、為了研究超重與失重現(xiàn)象，某同學(xué)把一體重計(jì)放在電梯的地板上，并將一物體放在體重計(jì)上隨電梯運(yùn)動(dòng)并觀察體重計(jì)示數(shù)的變化情況，下表記錄了幾個(gè)特定時(shí)刻體重計(jì)的示數(shù)
（表內(nèi)時(shí)間不表示先后順序）
時(shí)間
t0
t1
t2
t3
體重計(jì)示數(shù)（kg）
45.0
50.0
40.0
45.0
若已知t0時(shí)刻電梯靜止，則（ ）
A．t1和t2時(shí)刻電梯的加速度方向一定相反
B．t1和t2時(shí)刻物體的質(zhì)量并沒(méi)有發(fā)生變化，但所受重力發(fā)生了變化
C．t1和t2時(shí)刻電梯運(yùn)動(dòng)的加速度大小相等，運(yùn)動(dòng)方向一定相反
D．t3時(shí)刻電梯可能向上運(yùn)動(dòng)
18、如下圖所示，從傾角為
的斜面上的M點(diǎn)水平拋出一個(gè)小球，小球的初速度為
，最后小球落在斜面上的N點(diǎn)，則
以下說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤的是 （ ）學(xué)A．可求M、N之間的距離學(xué)科網(wǎng)
B．可求小球落到N點(diǎn)時(shí)速度的大小和方向學(xué)科網(wǎng)
C．可求小球到達(dá)N點(diǎn)時(shí)的動(dòng)能學(xué)科網(wǎng)
D．可以斷定，當(dāng)小球速度方向與斜面平行時(shí)，小球與斜面間的距離最大學(xué)科網(wǎng)
19、如圖所示，一根張緊的水平彈性長(zhǎng)繩上的a，b兩點(diǎn)，相距
A. 4.67m/s； B. 6m/s；
C. 10m/s； D. 4m/s。
20、如圖所示勻強(qiáng)電場(chǎng)E的區(qū)域內(nèi)，在O點(diǎn)處放置一點(diǎn)電荷+Q，a、b、c、d、e、f為以O(shè)點(diǎn)為球心的球面上的點(diǎn)，aecf平面與電場(chǎng)線平行，bedf平面與電場(chǎng)線垂直，則下列說(shuō)法中正確的是（ ）
A．b、d兩點(diǎn)的電場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度相同
B．a(chǎn)點(diǎn)的電勢(shì)等于f點(diǎn)的電勢(shì)
C．點(diǎn)電荷+q在球面上任意兩點(diǎn)之間移動(dòng)時(shí)，電場(chǎng)力一定做功
D．將點(diǎn)電荷+q在球面上任意兩點(diǎn)之間移動(dòng)，從球面上a點(diǎn)移動(dòng)到c點(diǎn)的電勢(shì)能變化量最大
21、如圖所示，ABCD為固定的水平光滑矩形金屬導(dǎo)軌，AB間距離為L，左右兩端均接有阻值為R的電阻，處在方向豎直向下、磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度大小為B的勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中，質(zhì)量為m、長(zhǎng)為L的導(dǎo)體棒MN放在導(dǎo)軌上，甲、乙兩根相同的輕質(zhì)彈簧一端與MN棒中點(diǎn)連接，另一端均被固定，MN棒始終與導(dǎo)軌垂直并保持良好接觸，導(dǎo)軌與MN棒的電阻均忽略不計(jì)。初始時(shí)刻，兩彈簧恰好處于自然長(zhǎng)度，MN棒具有水平向左的初速度v0，經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間，MN棒第一次運(yùn)動(dòng)至最右端，在這一過(guò)程中AB間電阻R上產(chǎn)生的焦耳熱為2Q，則正確的是（ ）
A．初始時(shí)刻棒受到安培力大小為
B．從初始時(shí)刻至棒第一次到達(dá)最左端的過(guò)程中，整個(gè)回路產(chǎn)生焦耳熱為
C．當(dāng)棒再次回到初始位置時(shí)，AB間電阻R的功率為
D．當(dāng)棒第一次到達(dá)最右端時(shí)，甲彈簧具有的彈性勢(shì)能為
22、⑴（6分）如圖所示，螺旋測(cè)微器的讀數(shù)為 mm，游標(biāo)卡尺(游標(biāo)尺10等份總長(zhǎng)
⑵（12分）有一根細(xì)長(zhǎng)而均勻的金屬管線樣品，橫截面如圖所示．此金屬材料重約1～2 N，長(zhǎng)約為30 cm，電阻約為10Ω．已知這種金屬的電阻率為
，密度為
．因管內(nèi)中空部分截面積形狀不規(guī)則，無(wú)法直接測(cè)量，請(qǐng)?jiān)O(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)方案，測(cè)量中空部分的截面積S0，現(xiàn)有如下器材可選：
A．毫米刻度尺
B．螺旋測(cè)微器
C．電流表（600 mA, 1. 0Ω)
D．電流表（3 A, 0. 1Ω)
E．電壓表（3 V,6 kΩ)
F．滑動(dòng)變阻器（1750Ω，0. 3 A)
G．滑動(dòng)變阻器（5Ω, 3 A)
H．蓄電池（6 V, 0.05Ω)
I．開(kāi)關(guān)一個(gè)，帶夾子的導(dǎo)線若干．
①除待測(cè)金屬管線外，還應(yīng)選用的器材有 （只填代號(hào)字母）．
②在圖中畫(huà)出你所設(shè)計(jì)方案的實(shí)驗(yàn)電路圖，并把所選儀器連成實(shí)際測(cè)量電路．
③實(shí)驗(yàn)中要測(cè)量的物理量有： ，
④計(jì)算金屬管線內(nèi)部空間截面積S0的表達(dá)式為S0= 。
23、（12分）如圖所示，在同一豎直平面內(nèi)的兩正對(duì)著的相同半圓光滑軌道，相隔一定的距離，虛線沿豎直方向，一小球能在其間運(yùn)動(dòng)，今在最高點(diǎn)A與最低點(diǎn)B各放一個(gè)壓力傳感器，測(cè)試小球?qū)壍赖膲毫Γ⑼ㄟ^(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)顯示出來(lái)，當(dāng)軌道距離變化時(shí)，測(cè)得兩點(diǎn)壓力差與距離x的圖像如圖，g取
（1）小球的質(zhì)量為多少？
（2）若小球的最低點(diǎn)B的速度為
 |
|||
 |
|||
24、（14分）如圖所示， ab、ef是平行地固定在水平絕緣桌面上的光滑金屬導(dǎo)軌，導(dǎo)軌間距為d．在導(dǎo)軌左端a、c上連有一個(gè)阻值為R的電阻，一質(zhì)量為
（1）小球射入磁場(chǎng)時(shí)的初速度υ0；
（2）電阻R上產(chǎn)生的總熱量Q；
（3）通過(guò)電阻R的總電量Δq。
25、（21分）如圖所示，質(zhì)量為m3＝
（1）求物體1從釋放到與物體2相碰的過(guò)程中，滑道向左運(yùn)動(dòng)的距離；
（2）若CD＝
（3）物體1、2最終停在何處。
2009屆高考備考復(fù)習(xí)理科綜合能力測(cè)試(04)（物理卷）
參 考 答 案
14. C; 15. B; 16. A; 17. AD; 18. C; 19. AC; 20. CD; 21. A;
22、（18分）⑴3.854mm~3.856m，22.6mm。
⑵①ABCEGHI(2分) （有一個(gè)選錯(cuò)不得分）
②如圖所示(變阻器限流式也對(duì))，電路圖2分，連線2分。)
③橫截面邊長(zhǎng)a、管線長(zhǎng)度l、電壓表示數(shù)U、電流表示數(shù)I (2分)
④ 
(2分)
23、（16分）（1）設(shè)軌道半徑為R，由機(jī)械能守恒定律：
……………（1）（2分）
對(duì)B點(diǎn)：
………（2）（2分）
對(duì)A點(diǎn)：
……（3）（2分）
由（1）（2）（3）式得：
兩點(diǎn)壓力差 
………（4）（2分）
由圖象得：截距
得
………（5）（2分）
（2）因?yàn)閳D線的斜率
得
……（6）（2分）
在A點(diǎn)不脫離的條件為：
……（7）（2分）
由（1）（5）（6）（7）式得：
………（8）（2分）
24、（18分）⑴小球入射磁場(chǎng)后將作勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)，設(shè)圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)的半徑為r，其軌跡如圖所示（略） （2分）
由幾何知識(shí)可知：
（2分）
解得：
① （1分）
小球在磁場(chǎng)中作圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)： 
② （2分）
由①、②得： 
③（1分）
⑵小球和金屬棒的碰撞過(guò)程，由動(dòng)量守恒定律得：
mυ0=(m＋
金屬棒切割磁感線的過(guò)程中，棒和小球的動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)化為電能進(jìn)而轉(zhuǎn)化成焦耳熱：
⑤ （2分）
由③、④、⑤可得： 
⑥（1分）
棒和小球的速度從υ變?yōu)?的過(guò)程中由動(dòng)量定理有：
⑦ （2分）
又
⑧ （2分）
由③、④、⑦、⑧可得：
⑨ （1分）
25、（20分）
解：（1）
從釋放到與
相碰撞過(guò)程中，、
組成的系統(tǒng)水平方向動(dòng)量守恒，設(shè)水平位移大小
，水平位移大小
，有：
（2分）
（2分）
可以求得
（2分）
（2）設(shè)、 剛要相碰時(shí)物體1的速度
，滑道的速度為
，由機(jī)械能守恒定律有
（2分）
由動(dòng)量守恒定律有 
（2分）
物體1和物體2相碰后的共同速度設(shè)為
，由動(dòng)量守恒定律有
（2分）
彈簧第一次壓縮最短時(shí)由動(dòng)量守恒定律可知物體1、2和滑道速度為零，此時(shí)彈性勢(shì)能最大，設(shè)為
。從物體1、2碰撞后到彈簧第一次壓縮最短的過(guò)程中，由能量守恒有
（2分）
聯(lián)立以上方程，代入數(shù)據(jù)可以求得，
（2分）
⑶ 分析可知物體1、2和滑道最終將靜止，設(shè)物體1、2相對(duì)滑道CD部分運(yùn)動(dòng)的路程為s，由能量守恒有
（2分）
帶入數(shù)據(jù)可得
所以、最終停在CD的中點(diǎn)處 （2分）
2009屆高考備考復(fù)習(xí)理科綜合能力測(cè)試(03)（物理卷）
14．氫原子發(fā)出a、b兩種頻率的光，經(jīng)三棱鏡折射后的光路如圖所示，若a光是由能級(jí)n=4向n=1躍遷時(shí)發(fā)出時(shí)，則b光可能是（ ）
A．從能級(jí)n=5向n=1躍遷時(shí)發(fā)出的
B．從能級(jí)n=3向n=1躍遷時(shí)發(fā)出的
C．從能級(jí)n=5向n=2躍遷時(shí)發(fā)出的
D．從能級(jí)n=3向n=2躍遷時(shí)發(fā)出的
15．如圖所示，沿x軸正方向傳播的一列簡(jiǎn)諧橫波在某時(shí)刻的波形圖為一正弦曲線，其波速為
A．圖示時(shí)刻質(zhì)點(diǎn)b的加速度正在減小
B．從圖示時(shí)刻開(kāi)始，經(jīng)過(guò)0.01s，質(zhì)點(diǎn)a通過(guò)的路程為
C．若此波遇到另一波并發(fā)生穩(wěn)定干涉現(xiàn)象，則該波所遇到的波的頻率為50Hz
D．若發(fā)生明顯衍射現(xiàn)象，則該波所遇到的障礙物或孔的尺寸一定小于
16．有一輛運(yùn)輸西瓜的汽車(chē)，以速率v經(jīng)過(guò)一座半徑為R的凹形橋的底端，其中間有一個(gè)質(zhì)量為m的西瓜受到周?chē)奈鞴蠈?duì)它的作用力的大小為（ ）
A．
B． 
C．
D． 
17．如圖所示，甲分子固定在坐標(biāo)原點(diǎn)O，乙分子位于x軸上，甲分子對(duì)乙分子的作用力與兩分子間距離的關(guān)系如圖3中的曲線所示，F>0為斥力，F<0為引力。a、b、c、d為x軸上四個(gè)特定的位置�，F(xiàn)把乙分子從a處由靜止釋放，則以下說(shuō)法錯(cuò)誤的是（ ）
A．乙分子從a到b做加速運(yùn)動(dòng)，由b到c做減速運(yùn)動(dòng)
B．乙分子從a到c做勻加速運(yùn)動(dòng)，到達(dá)c時(shí)速度最大
C．乙分子從a到b的過(guò)程中，兩分子間的分子勢(shì)能一直減小
D．乙分子到達(dá)c時(shí)，兩分子間的分子勢(shì)能最小為零
18．一個(gè)電子向一個(gè)固定不動(dòng)的質(zhì)子運(yùn)動(dòng)的過(guò)程中（ ）
A．有可能發(fā)射電磁波
B．不可能發(fā)射電磁波
C．電子和質(zhì)子組成的系統(tǒng)能量一定守恒
D．電子和質(zhì)子組成的系統(tǒng)動(dòng)量守恒
19．下列核反應(yīng)中：①
②
③
④
能釋放大量能量并可應(yīng)用的有（ ）
A． ①和② B．①和③ C．③和④ D．②和④
20．“9?
A．10倍 B．250倍 C．2500倍 D．1800倍
21．鐵路上使用一種電磁裝置向控制中心傳輸信號(hào)以確定火車(chē)的位置。能產(chǎn)生勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)的磁鐵，被安裝在火車(chē)首節(jié)車(chē)廂下面，如圖(甲)所示(俯視圖)。當(dāng)它經(jīng)過(guò)安放在兩鐵軌間的線圈時(shí)，便會(huì)產(chǎn)生一電信號(hào)，被控制中心接收。當(dāng)火車(chē)通過(guò)線圈時(shí)，若控制中心接收到的線圈兩端的電壓信號(hào)為圖(乙)所示，則說(shuō)明火車(chē)不是在做 ( )
A．勻速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)
B．勻加速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)
C．勻減速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)
D．加速度逐漸增大的變加速直線運(yùn)動(dòng)
22．（1）一位同學(xué)用單擺做測(cè)量重力加速度的實(shí)驗(yàn)，他將擺球掛起后，進(jìn)行了下列步驟：
A．測(cè)擺長(zhǎng)L：用米尺量出擺線的長(zhǎng)度
B．測(cè)周期T：將擺球拉起，然后放開(kāi)，在擺球某次通過(guò)最低點(diǎn)時(shí)，按秒表開(kāi)始計(jì)時(shí)，并記數(shù)為1，直到擺球第60次通過(guò)最低點(diǎn)時(shí)，按秒表停止計(jì)時(shí)，讀出這段時(shí)間t，算出單擺的周期
C．將測(cè)量得到的L和T代入單擺的周期公式
，算出g將它作為實(shí)驗(yàn)的最后結(jié)果寫(xiě)入報(bào)告中去。
指出上面步驟中遺漏或錯(cuò)誤的地方，寫(xiě)出該步驟的字母，并加以改正。（不要求進(jìn)行誤差計(jì)算）
 |
（2）如圖所示，是測(cè)定表頭內(nèi)阻的電路，電源內(nèi)阻不計(jì)，
當(dāng)電阻箱的電阻調(diào)到1200Ω時(shí)，電流表指針偏轉(zhuǎn)到滿刻度；再把電阻箱
的電阻調(diào)到3000Ω時(shí)，電流表指針剛好指到滿刻度的一半。
①根據(jù)上述數(shù)據(jù)可求出電流表的內(nèi)阻為_(kāi)___Ω。
②若這個(gè)電流表的滿刻度值是750μA，要把它改裝成量程為3 V
的電壓表，應(yīng)串聯(lián)一個(gè)電阻值為_(kāi)___Ω的分壓電阻。
③為了校對(duì)改裝成的電壓表V，給你一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電壓表V0，一個(gè)
4.5 V的電池組E，一個(gè)最大阻值為1 kΩ的滑動(dòng)變阻器R，開(kāi)關(guān)S及若
干導(dǎo)線。請(qǐng)?jiān)诜娇蛑挟?huà)出符合要求的電路圖。
23．（16分）相隔一定距離的A、B兩球，質(zhì)量均為m，假設(shè)它們之間存在恒定斥力作用，原來(lái)兩球被按住，處于靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)。現(xiàn)突然松開(kāi)兩球，同時(shí)給A球以速度v0，使之沿兩球連線射向B球，而B球初速為零。設(shè)軌道光滑，若兩球間的距離從最小值（兩球未接觸）到剛恢復(fù)到原始值所經(jīng)歷的時(shí)間為t，求兩球間的斥力。
24.（18分）如圖所示，長(zhǎng)木板A的上表面光滑，其上自左向右等距離地放有101個(gè)質(zhì)量相等的小滑塊，小滑塊可視為質(zhì)點(diǎn)，它們之間的間距L，木板A的質(zhì)量是一個(gè)小滑塊質(zhì)量的5倍，A與水平面的動(dòng)摩擦因素為μ。今給木板A一瞬時(shí)沖量，使它獲得一個(gè)向右初速度VO ，以后因A在水平面運(yùn)動(dòng)，小滑塊相繼掉下，當(dāng)?shù)?1個(gè)滑塊剛要掉下時(shí)，A恰好停止運(yùn)動(dòng)，求A的初速度vO。
25．（20分）如圖所示，金屬條的左側(cè)有垂直紙面向里的磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度為B、面積足夠大的勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)。與金屬條在同一直線上，A點(diǎn)上方l處有一涂有熒光材料的金屬小球P(半徑可忽略)。一強(qiáng)光束照射在金屬條的A處，發(fā)生了光電效應(yīng)，從A處向各個(gè)方向逸出不同速度的光電子，小球P因受到光電子的沖擊而發(fā)出熒光。已知光電子的質(zhì)量為m、電荷量為e。
（1）從A點(diǎn)垂直金屬條向左垂直射入磁場(chǎng)的光電子中，能擊中小球P的光電子的速度是多大？
（2）若A點(diǎn)射出的、速度沿紙面斜向下方，且與金屬條成θ角的光電子能擊中小球P，請(qǐng)導(dǎo)出其速率v與θ的關(guān)系式，并在圖中畫(huà)出其軌跡。
2009屆高考備考復(fù)習(xí)理科綜合能力測(cè)試(03)（物理卷）
參 考 答 案
2009屆高考備考復(fù)習(xí)理科綜合能力測(cè)試(02)（物理卷）
14．已知氦離子He+能級(jí)En與量子數(shù)n的關(guān)系和氫原子能級(jí)公式類(lèi)似，處于基態(tài)的氦離子He+的電離能為E＝54.4eV。為使處于基態(tài)的氦離子He+處于激發(fā)態(tài)，入射光子所需的最小能量為
A．13.6 eV B．40.8 eV C．48.4 eV D．54.4 eV
15．用a、b兩束單色光分別照射同一雙縫干涉裝置，在距雙縫恒定距離的屏上得到圖示的干涉圖樣，其中左圖是a光照射時(shí)形成的，右圖是b光照射時(shí)形成的。則關(guān)于a、b兩束單色光，下述正確的是
A．a光光子的能量較大
B．在水中a光傳播的速度較大
C．若用a光照射某金屬時(shí)不能打出光電子，則用b 光照射該金屬時(shí)一定打不出光電子
D．若a光是氫原子從n＝4的能級(jí)向n＝2的能級(jí)躍遷時(shí)產(chǎn)生的，則b光可能是氫原子從n＝3的能級(jí)向n＝2的能級(jí)躍遷時(shí)產(chǎn)生的
16．根據(jù)熱力學(xué)定律，下列判斷正確的是
A．我們可以把火爐散失到周?chē)h(huán)境中的能量全部收集到火爐中再次用來(lái)取暖
B．利用淺層海水和深層海水間的溫度差制造出一種熱機(jī)，將海水的一部分內(nèi)能轉(zhuǎn)化為機(jī)械能，這在原理上是可行的
C．制冷系統(tǒng)能將冰箱內(nèi)的熱量傳給外界較高溫度的空氣，而不引起其它變化
D．滿足能量守恒定律的客觀過(guò)程都可以自發(fā)地進(jìn)行
17．
A．地球的質(zhì)量
B．地球的平均密度
C．飛船所需的向心力
D．飛船線速度的大小
18．質(zhì)量為m的小物塊，在與水平方向成α角的力F作用下，沿光滑水平面運(yùn)動(dòng)，物塊通過(guò)A點(diǎn)和B點(diǎn)的速度分別是vA和vB，物塊由A運(yùn)動(dòng)到B的過(guò)程中，力F對(duì)物塊做功W和力F對(duì)物塊作用的沖量I的大小是
A．
B．
C．I=mvB- mvA
D．I>mvB- mvA
19．振源A帶動(dòng)細(xì)繩上下振動(dòng)，某時(shí)刻在繩上形成的橫波波形如圖甲所示，規(guī)定繩上各質(zhì)點(diǎn)向上運(yùn)動(dòng)的方向?yàn)閤軸的正方向，從波傳播到細(xì)繩上的P點(diǎn)開(kāi)始計(jì)時(shí)，下列圖乙的四個(gè)圖形中能表示P點(diǎn)振動(dòng)圖象的是
甲
A． B. C. D.
乙
20．一束一價(jià)正離子流垂直于電場(chǎng)方向進(jìn)入勻強(qiáng)電場(chǎng)，若它們飛出電場(chǎng)的偏向角相同（如圖），則可斷定它們進(jìn)入電場(chǎng)時(shí)：
A．一定具有相同的質(zhì)量
B．一定具有相同的速度
C．一定具有相同的動(dòng)能
D．一定具有相同的動(dòng)量
21．如圖，虛線上方空間有勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)，扇形導(dǎo)線框繞垂直于框面的軸O以角速度w勻角速轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，線框中感應(yīng)電流方向以逆時(shí)針為正，那么，能正確表明線框轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)一周感應(yīng)電流變化情況的是下列圖中的哪一個(gè)（ ）
22. 在測(cè)定金屬的電阻率的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，待測(cè)金屬導(dǎo)線的長(zhǎng)約
⑶用伏安法測(cè)量該金屬導(dǎo)線的電阻R。在左邊方框中畫(huà)出實(shí)驗(yàn)電路圖，并把右圖中所給的器材連接成測(cè)量電路。安培計(jì)要求用0
23．如圖所示，一高度為h=
（1）小滑塊與水平面間的動(dòng)摩擦因數(shù)；
（2）小滑塊從A點(diǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)到地面所需的時(shí)間；
24．如圖所示，在y＜0的區(qū)域內(nèi)存在勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)，磁場(chǎng)方向垂直于xy平面并指向紙里，磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度為B.一帶負(fù)電的粒子（質(zhì)量為m、電荷量為q）以速度v0從O點(diǎn)射入磁場(chǎng)，入射方向在xy平面內(nèi)，與x軸正向的夾角為θ.求：
（1）該粒子射出磁場(chǎng)的位置；
（2）該粒子在磁場(chǎng)中運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)間.（粒子所受重力不計(jì)）
25．
（20分）如圖所示，質(zhì)量M＝2kg的平板小車(chē)后端放有質(zhì)量m＝3kg的鐵塊，它和車(chē)之間的動(dòng)摩擦因數(shù)m＝0.5，開(kāi)始時(shí)車(chē)和鐵塊一起以
的速度向右在光滑水平地面上向右運(yùn)動(dòng)，并與豎直墻壁發(fā)生碰撞．設(shè)碰撞時(shí)間極短且碰撞后平板車(chē)速度大小保持不變，但方向與原來(lái)相反，平板車(chē)足夠長(zhǎng)，使得鐵塊總不能和墻相碰．求：
（1）鐵塊在車(chē)上滑行的總路程；
�。�2）車(chē)和墻第一次相碰以后所走的總路程．（g取
）
2009屆高考備考復(fù)習(xí)理科綜合能力測(cè)試(02)（物理卷）
參 考 答 案
14. B; 15. B; 16. B; 17. C; 18. AD; 19. A; 20. C; 21. A;
22．⑴刻度尺；⑵0.640mm；⑶
23．解析：（1）依題意得vB1=0，設(shè)小滑塊在水平面上運(yùn)動(dòng)的加速度大小為a，則據(jù)牛頓第二定律可得f=μmg=ma，所以a=μg，由運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)公式可得
得
，t1=3.3s
（2）在斜面上運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)間t2=
，t=t1+t2=4.1s
24．解：（1）帶負(fù)電粒子射入磁場(chǎng)后，由于受到洛倫茲力的作用，粒子將沿圖示的軌跡運(yùn)動(dòng)，從A點(diǎn)射出磁場(chǎng)，設(shè)O、A間的距離為L，射出時(shí)速度的大小仍為v，射出方向與x軸的夾角仍為θ，由洛倫茲力公式和牛頓定律可得：
qv0B=m
式中R為圓軌道半徑，解得：R=
①
圓軌道的圓心位于OA的中垂線上，由幾何關(guān)系可得：
=Rsinθ ②
聯(lián)解①②兩式，得：L=
所以粒子離開(kāi)磁場(chǎng)的位置坐標(biāo)為（-，0）
（2）因?yàn)?i>T=
=
所以粒子在磁場(chǎng)中運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)間，t＝
25．解：（1）由于m＞M，小車(chē)不論與墻相撞多少次，系統(tǒng)的總動(dòng)量總是向右，但每撞一次總動(dòng)量減少一次，直到減為零，最后小車(chē)停在墻下，系統(tǒng)的總動(dòng)能全部用于鐵塊在車(chē)上滑行時(shí)克服摩擦力做功．
（2）小車(chē)第一次與墻相撞后向左所走路程為
，由動(dòng)能定理得
接著小車(chē)和鐵塊以共同速度
與墻第二次相碰，由動(dòng)量守恒：
第二次相撞后平板車(chē)向左走的路程為
，
以后每次相碰反彈向左行的路程均以
比例減少，小車(chē)所走的路程為一個(gè)無(wú)窮等比數(shù)列之和．
公比
…
2009屆高考備考復(fù)習(xí)理科綜合能力測(cè)試(01)（物理卷）
14．北京奧委會(huì)接受專(zhuān)家的建議，大量采用對(duì)環(huán)境有益的新技術(shù)。如在奧運(yùn)會(huì)場(chǎng)館的周?chē)?0?～90?的路燈利用的是太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電技術(shù)，奧運(yùn)會(huì)90?的洗浴熱水將采用全玻真空太陽(yáng)能集熱技術(shù)。太陽(yáng)能的產(chǎn)生是由于太陽(yáng)內(nèi)部高溫高壓條件下的熱核聚變反應(yīng)形成的，其核反應(yīng)方程是 （ ）
A．
B．
C．
D．
15．沙塵暴是由于土地沙化而引起的惡劣的氣象現(xiàn)象，對(duì)人類(lèi)的生存造成極大的危害。發(fā)生沙塵暴時(shí)能見(jiàn)度只有幾
A．只有波長(zhǎng)較短的一部分光才能到達(dá)地面
B．只有波長(zhǎng)較長(zhǎng)的一部分光才能到達(dá)地面
C．只有頻率較高的一部分光才能到達(dá)地面
D．只有頻率較低的一部分光才能到達(dá)地面
16．當(dāng)氣體溫度升高時(shí)，下面說(shuō)法中正確的是 ( )
A．氣體分子的平均動(dòng)能會(huì)增大
B．所有氣體分子的動(dòng)能都相同
C．每個(gè)氣體分子的動(dòng)能都會(huì)增大
D．每個(gè)氣體分子的速率都會(huì)增大
17．我們的銀河系的恒星中大約四分之一是雙星。某雙星由質(zhì)量不等的星體S1和S2構(gòu)成，兩星在相互之間的萬(wàn)有引力作用下繞兩者連線上某一定點(diǎn)C做勻速圓周運(yùn)動(dòng)。由天文觀察測(cè)得其運(yùn)動(dòng)周期為T。S1到C點(diǎn)的距離為r1，S1和S2的距離為r，已知引力常量為G。由此可求出S2的質(zhì)量為 ( )
A． B． C． D．
18.一列簡(jiǎn)諧橫波在某時(shí)刻的波形如圖所示，此時(shí)刻質(zhì)點(diǎn)P的速度為v，經(jīng)過(guò)0.2s它的速度大小、方向第一次與v相同，再經(jīng)過(guò)1.0s它的速度大小、方向第二次與v相同，則下列判斷中錯(cuò)誤的是 （ �。�
A．波沿＋x方向傳播，波速為
B．質(zhì)點(diǎn)M與質(zhì)點(diǎn)Q的位移大小總是相等、方向總是相反
C．若某時(shí)刻M質(zhì)點(diǎn)到達(dá)波谷處，則P質(zhì)點(diǎn)必到達(dá)波峰處
D．從圖示位置開(kāi)始計(jì)時(shí)，在2.2s時(shí)刻，質(zhì)點(diǎn)P的位移為-20cm
19．如下圖所示，光滑物塊A從光滑斜面B的上端下滑．第一次B固定在水平面上，A下滑時(shí)受B的支持力為F1；第二次B置于光滑水平面上，A下滑時(shí)受B的支持力為F2，以下說(shuō)法正確的是（ ）
A．F1和F2方向一致
B．F1＜F2
C．F1＞F2
D．F1＝F2
20．如圖（a）所示，AB是某電場(chǎng)中的一條電場(chǎng)線．若有一電子以某一初速度，僅在電場(chǎng)力的作用下，沿AB由A運(yùn)動(dòng)到B，其速度圖象如圖（b）所示，則下列關(guān)于A、B兩點(diǎn)的電場(chǎng)強(qiáng)度EA、EB和電勢(shì)UA、UB的判斷正確的是 （ �。�
A．EA>EB B．EA<EB
C．UA＞UB D．UA＜UB
21．矩形導(dǎo)線框abcd固定在勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)中，磁感線的方向與導(dǎo)線框所在平面垂直。規(guī)定磁場(chǎng)的正方向垂直紙面向里，磁感應(yīng)強(qiáng)度B隨時(shí)間變化的規(guī)律如圖所示.若規(guī)定順時(shí)針?lè)较驗(yàn)楦袘?yīng)電流i的正方向，下列各圖中正確的是 ( )
22．在“測(cè)定金屬的電阻率”的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，用螺旋測(cè)微器測(cè)量金屬絲直徑時(shí)的刻度位置如圖所示，用米尺測(cè)量金屬絲的長(zhǎng)度l=0.
(1)從圖中讀出金屬絲的直徑為 mm.
(2)在用伏安法測(cè)定金屬絲的電阻時(shí)，除被測(cè)電阻絲外，還有如下供選擇的實(shí)驗(yàn)器材：
A．直流電源：電動(dòng)勢(shì)約4.5
V，內(nèi)阻很��；
B.電流表A1：量程0～
C．電流表A2：量程0～3.
D．電壓表V：量程0～3 V，內(nèi)阻3 kΩ;
E.滑動(dòng)變阻器R1：最大阻值10Ω；
F.滑動(dòng)變阻器R2：最大阻值50Ω;
G．開(kāi)關(guān)、導(dǎo)線等．
在可供選擇的器材中，應(yīng)該選用的電流表是 ，應(yīng)該選用的滑動(dòng)變阻器是 。
(3)根據(jù)所選的器材，在如圖所示的方框中畫(huà)出實(shí)驗(yàn)電路圖．
(4)若根據(jù)伏安法測(cè)出電阻絲的電阻為Rx=4.1Ω，則這種金屬材料的電阻率為 Ω?m.（保留二位有效數(shù)字）
23．（12分）一位蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)員僅在豎直方向上運(yùn)動(dòng)，彈簧床對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的彈力F隨時(shí)間t的變化規(guī)律通過(guò)傳感器用計(jì)算機(jī)繪制出來(lái)，如圖所示。結(jié)合圖像， 試求：
（1）運(yùn)動(dòng)員的質(zhì)量；
（2）運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中，運(yùn)動(dòng)員最大加速度；
（3）不計(jì)空氣阻力，運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中，運(yùn)動(dòng)員離開(kāi)蹦床上升的最大高度
24.如圖所示，坐標(biāo)空間中有場(chǎng)強(qiáng)為E的勻強(qiáng)電場(chǎng)和磁感強(qiáng)度為B的勻強(qiáng)磁場(chǎng)，y軸為兩種場(chǎng)的分界面，圖中虛線為磁場(chǎng)的右邊界，現(xiàn)有一質(zhì)量為m，電荷量為-q的帶電粒子從電場(chǎng)坐標(biāo)位置（-L，0）處以初速度vo沿x軸正方向開(kāi)始運(yùn)動(dòng)，且已知L＝
（重力不計(jì)），
試求：
（1）粒子剛進(jìn)入磁場(chǎng)時(shí)速度及位置坐標(biāo)；
（2）使帶電粒子能穿越磁場(chǎng)區(qū)域而不再返回電場(chǎng)中磁場(chǎng)的寬度d應(yīng)滿足的條件。
25. 在光滑的水平面上有一質(zhì)量M=
2009屆高考備考復(fù)習(xí)理科綜合能力測(cè)試(01)（物理卷）
參 考 答 案
14. A; 15. BD; 16. A; 17. D; 18. B; 19. AC; 20. AC; 21. D;
22．答案：(1)0.520±0.002
(2) A1 R1
(3）實(shí)驗(yàn)電路如圖所示
(4)(1.1±0.1)×10-6
23．解：
（1）由圖
得
（2）最大彈力：
由
得
（3）空中時(shí)間：
）
下落時(shí)間：
最大高度
m＝3.2m
24. 解：
粒子到達(dá)磁場(chǎng)時(shí)間t=
Vy=at=
V=
與y軸成45。角
y=
(0, 
L)
由題意，進(jìn)入磁場(chǎng)有qVB=m
R=
R+Rcos45°>d
d<
)
25.解：設(shè)M、m共同速度為υ，由動(dòng)量守恒定律得
υ =
=
對(duì)A，B組成的系統(tǒng)，由能量守恒
代入數(shù)據(jù)得 μ =
0.6
木板A與障礙物發(fā)生碰撞后以原速率反彈，假設(shè)B向右滑行并與彈簧發(fā)生相互作用，當(dāng)A、B再次處于相對(duì)靜止?fàn)顟B(tài)時(shí)，兩者的共同速度為u，在此過(guò)程中，A、B和彈簧組成的系統(tǒng)動(dòng)量守恒、能量守恒。
由動(dòng)量守恒定律得
u = 0
設(shè)B相對(duì)A的路程為s，由能量守恒得
代入數(shù)據(jù)得 s = m
由于 s > ，
所以B滑過(guò)Q點(diǎn)并與彈簧相互作用，然后相對(duì)A向左滑動(dòng)到Q點(diǎn)左邊，設(shè)離Q點(diǎn)距離為s1
s1 = s - L =
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