高考英語(yǔ)詞匯試題詳解（一）

1. "Who is responsible for sending out misinformation?"
"Most of the fault lies _____ the administration."
　　A. in    B. to    C. on    D. with
　　[答案] D. with.
　　[注釋] lie with應(yīng)由.......（承擔(dān)責(zé)任）；（作出決定等）得靠...... 1)The responsibility lies with the driver.(責(zé)任應(yīng)由這個(gè)司機(jī)承擔(dān)。) 2)It lies with you to accept or reject he the proposal.(接受還是拒絕這項(xiàng)建議由你決定。)
　　lie in在于： 1)The difficulty lies in their great poverty.(困難在于他們非常貧困。) 2)the solution lies in social and political reform.(解決方法在于社會(huì)政治改革。)
2. People who live in a small village are bound to see a good _____ of each other.
　　A. sum    B. quantity    C. deal    D. amount
　　[答案] C. deal.
　　[注釋] see a good deal of each other 經(jīng)常見(jiàn)面。
3. Maria _____ missed the first train so as to travel on the same one as John.
　　A. deliberately    B. intensively
　　C. decisively      D. objectively
　　[答案] A. deliberately.
　　[注釋] deliberately(=on purpose, intentionally)故意地；存心地。
4. They always kept on good _____ with their next-door neighbors for the children's sake.
　　A. friendship  B. relations  C. intentions  D. terms
　　[答案] D. terms.
　　[注釋]keep (be) on good terms with與......和睦相處。
5. Do you think a wife should _____ her habits and tastes to those of her husband?
　　A. comply    B. confirm    C. consent    D. conform
　　[答案]D. conform.
　　[注釋]conform vi遵守，符號(hào)：All the students must conform to the rules.(全體學(xué)生必須遵守規(guī)章。)conform sth. to sth. else(vt)使符合：He conformed the plans to the new specifications.(他使這些集合符合新規(guī)范。)      comply with遵守；confirm使堅(jiān)定，確認(rèn)，證實(shí)；consent (to)同意，贊同。
6. He was afraid that the branch might bend over and break, and he would be sent _____ to the ground.
　　A. crashing   B. throwing    C. rushing    D. dropping
　　[答案]A. crashing.
　　[注釋]crash(to the ground)猛跌（到地上）。Crash n.
　　常指飛機(jī)等的“失事”，如：He was killed in an aircraft crash.(他在飛機(jī)失事中喪生。)本句中用falling不妥，fall指“落下，掉下”，本身并不強(qiáng)調(diào)落下的速度，而crash使“猛跌”，故本題用crashing最佳。
7. High interest rates _____ people from borrowing money.
　　A. discourage   B. decrease   C. disturb   D. disgust
　　[答案]A. discourage
　　[注釋]discourage sb. from doing sth.使認(rèn)為某事不值得做：Tht wet weather discouraged people from going to the sports meeting.(下雨天使人覺(jué)得不值得去看運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。)
8. Despite their good service, most inns are less costly than hotels of _____ standards.
　　A. equivalent    B. uniform    C. alike    D. likely
　　[答案]A. equivalent.
　　[注釋]equivalent相等的，相當(dāng)?shù)模篐e exchanged his pounds for the equivalent amount of dollars. uniform 相同的,一樣的。Likely adj.很可能的，有希望的。Alike(表語(yǔ)形容詞)相同的，相象的。
9. The two things are the same in outward form but different _____.
　　A. in addition B. in brief  C. in common  D. in essence
　　[答案]D. in essence.
　　[注釋]in essence本質(zhì)上；in addition此外；in brief簡(jiǎn)短地，簡(jiǎn)言之；in common共同。
10. _____ it is a good thing I did not get the post I had applied for, though I must admit that I was disappointed at the time.
　　A. By the way  B. In a way  C. In the way  D. In no way
　　[答案]B. In a way.
　　[注釋]in a way(-to some extent)在某種程度上；in no way決不；by the way 順便提一下；in the way 礙事。此題不能選by the way，因?yàn)閎y the way 做插入語(yǔ)其后應(yīng)加逗號(hào)。
　　本題譯文：我沒(méi)有得到我申請(qǐng)得工作在某種程度上說(shuō)是件好事，盡管我承認(rèn)當(dāng)時(shí)我很失望。
11. _____ inviting guests and not treating them properly!
　　A. Strangely       B. Fantastically
　　C. Surprisingly    D. Fancy
　　[答案]D. Fancy.
　　[注釋]fancy doing 沒(méi)想到.......竟然：1)Fancy your him!(沒(méi)想到你竟然認(rèn)識(shí)他！) 2)Fancy spending the day in here!(沒(méi)想到竟在這里過(guò)了一天！)
　　本題譯文：沒(méi)想到邀請(qǐng)了客人竟沒(méi)有好好招待！
12. With sufficient scientific information a manned trip to Mars should be _____.
　　A. obtainable B. potential C. considerable D. feasible
　　[答案]D. feasible.
　　[注釋]feasible(=that can be done)可行的，可做到的：1)Your plan sounds quite feasible.(你的計(jì)劃聽(tīng)起來(lái)很可行。) 2)It's not feasible to make the trip in one day.(一天內(nèi)要進(jìn)行這次旅行是做不到的。)obtainable可得到的；considerable相當(dāng)?shù)模�可觀的；potential潛在的，可能的。
13. The generation _____ makes it difficult for parents to understand their children's opinions.
　　A. division    B. gap    C. separation    D. interval
　　[答案]B. gap.
　　[注釋]generation gap 代溝。
　　division分，劃分；separation分開(kāi)；interval間隔，間隙；（幕間或工間）休息。at intervals 不時(shí)，時(shí)時(shí)
14. If the boy had _____ the dog alone it wouldn't have bitten him.
　　A. set    B. left    C. had    D. put
　　[答案]B. left.
　　[注釋]leave sb./sth. alone不惹，不管，不碰：Leave the box alone.(別碰那個(gè)盒子。)
15. They were so far away that I couldn't _____ their faces clearly.
　　A. see through  B. make up  C. see off  D. make out
　　[答案]D. make out.
　　[注釋]make out(=identify and see with effort or difficulty)辨認(rèn)出。see through參閱Ⅲ，151,注釋:此處see through還可表示“看穿......(=understand the real meaning of or reason for; realize the falseness of)”： 1)The teacher saw through the boy's story of having to help at home. (=The teacher knew his story was not true; it was just an excuse.) 2) He can't fool her. She sees him through every time.
　　see off送行；make up構(gòu)成，組成，拼湊；彌補(bǔ)，賠償；化裝，編造：1)編造：John made up the joke about the talking dog. 2)彌補(bǔ)：Bob must make up the work he missed. 3)湊足： We need one more to make up the dozen. 4)化裝： The actors were making up when we arrived. 5)構(gòu)成：Nine players make up a team.
16. Achieving a high degree of proficiency in English as a foreign language is not a mysterious _____  without scientific basis.
　　A. process    B. practice    C. procedure    D. program
　　[答案]A. process.
　　[注釋]process(=connected series of actions, or series of operations) 過(guò)程：By what process is cloth made form wool?(經(jīng)過(guò)什么過(guò)程羊毛織成呢料？)practice(=the doing of something of, performance or repeated exercise, etc.)實(shí)習(xí)，練習(xí)；開(kāi)業(yè): She is doing her practice at the piano.(她在練習(xí)彈鋼琴。)procedure(=the regular order of doing things)程序：the usual procedure at a meeting(開(kāi)會(huì)的通常程序)。Program(=plan of what is to be done or list of items or events)課程，計(jì)劃，大綱：What is the program for tomorrow ?(明天上什么課?)
17. I must go now. _____, if you want that book I'll bring it next time.
　　A. Incidentally    B. Accidentally
　　C. Occasionally    D. Subsequently
　　[答案]A. Incidentally.
　　[注釋]incidentally(=by the way)附帶地，順便：Fred said, incidentally, that he had no dinner.(順便提一下，福來(lái)德那時(shí)說(shuō)，他還沒(méi)吃晚飯。)accidentally(=by chance)偶然地：I met with an old friend of mine accidentally last week.(上星期我偶然碰到一位老朋友。)occasionally (=from time to time, not regularly)不時(shí)地，偶爾：We get visitors here occasionally.(我們偶爾在此接游客。)subsequently(=afterwards, later) At first we thought we would go; but subsequently we learned we were needed at home.(起初,我們想離開(kāi)；但隨后我們得知家里需要我們。)
18. A completely new situation is likely to _____ when the school leaving age is raised to 16.
　　A. arouse    B. rise    C. arise    D. abide
　　[答案]C. arise.
　　[注釋]arise(=come into being, appear, happen)產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生：Difficulties will arise as we do the work.(我們做這項(xiàng)工作時(shí)將會(huì)發(fā)生困難。)arouse 喚起，激起，喚醒；rise 上升;abide (by)遵守。
　　本題譯文：當(dāng)中學(xué)畢業(yè)年齡上升到16歲時(shí)，很可能產(chǎn)生完全新的情況。
19. The illness from which Mary is suffering has now been _____ as hepatitis (肝炎).
　　A. diagnosed B. determined  C. deduced D. discovered
　　[答案]A. diagnosed.
　　[注釋]diagnose...as 把......診斷為......。
　　本題譯文：瑪麗的病現(xiàn)已診斷為肝炎。
20. These continual _____ in temperature make it impossible to decide what to wear.
　　A. alterations  B. vibrations C. waves   D. fluctuations
　　[答案]D. fluctuations.  
　　[注釋]fluctuations波動(dòng)；waves波浪；alterations(部分)改變，變更；vibrations(物理學(xué)上)振動(dòng)。
21. All foreign visitors are requested to _____ with the regulations in this area.
　　A. agree    B. comply    C. consent    D. conform
　　[答案]B. comply.
　　[注釋]comply with(=act in accordance with a demand, order, rule, etc.)遵守：People who refuse to comply with the law will be punished.(拒絕遵守法律者將受到懲罰。)conform(to)使一致，符合；conform to rules符合規(guī)則；conform to the customs of society(遵從社會(huì)習(xí)俗)；consent to 同意，贊同；consent to a plan(贊同計(jì)劃)。
22. Thomas Edison considered genius to be _____ one per cent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.
　　A. composed of     B. constituted in
　　C. consisted of    D. comprised in
　　[答案]A. composed of.
　　[注釋]be composed of由......組成。Consist of由......組成，是不及物動(dòng)詞，不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故不合題意。
23. Although Lucy was slimming, she found cream cakes quite _____.
　　A. irregular     B. inevitable  
　　C. incredible    D. irresistible
　　[答案] D. irresistible
　　[注釋]irresistible不可抵抗的，誘人的，1)I had a irresistible desire to run away,2)I can't refuse this offer; it is irresistible.
　　Irregular 不規(guī)律的, 不合規(guī)則的：1)the trains from here are irregular.(這里發(fā)的火車(chē)是不規(guī)律的。) 2)These procedures are highly irregular.(這些程序是非常不合規(guī)矩的。)
　　incredible 不可避免的，不可信的：1)Old superstitions are incredible to educated people.（舊的迷信對(duì)受過(guò)教育的人來(lái)說(shuō)是不可信的。）2)His story of rescuing six drowning men is incredible.(他說(shuō)他救了6個(gè)溺水者，這是難以置信的。)
　　inevitable 不可避免的：1)Traffic delays are inevitable at a holiday weekend.（假日周末交通耽擱是難免的。）2)Pain is Inevitable when one breaks a bone.（骨折是疼痛是難避免的。）
　　本題譯文：雖然露西正在減輕體重，但她覺(jué)得奶油蛋糕是誘人的。
24. In order to _____ the rising production costs, the subscription rates have been increased.
　　A. add up to B. look up to  C. cut shortD. keep up with
　　[答案]D. keep up with.
　　[注釋] keep up with跟上。參閱。88注釋。Add up to參閱.2注釋；cut short 詳見(jiàn).38;look up to(=admire, respect)贊美，尊敬：We look up to the old workers as our teacher.（我們把這位老工人尊為我們的老師。）本題中rates意為“價(jià)格，費(fèi)用”。
本題譯文：為了跟上生產(chǎn)成本的上升，預(yù)定費(fèi)已提高。
25. Your essay is quite good: just _____ it _____ with a few illustrations and quotations.
　　A. put .. up     B. touch .. up
　　C. cut .. out    D. write .. off
　　[答案]B. touch up.
　　[注釋] touch up(=improve or perfect by small additional strokes or alterations)潤(rùn)色，修飾：1)The last part of the article needs to be touched up.(這篇文章的最后一部分需要潤(rùn)色。) 2)He touched up the picture by strengthening and shadows.(他把畫(huà)修飾了一下，使光明部分和陰暗部分的對(duì)比度更鮮明。)
put up留宿；cut out 刪掉；write off報(bào)銷(xiāo)，勾消。
本題譯文：你的文章很好；只要用些例證和引語(yǔ)修飾一下。
26. I hope my teacher will take my recent illness into _____ when judging my examination.
　　A. regard  B. account  C. thought   D. observation
　　[答案]B. account.
　　[注釋] take sth. into account(=consider)考慮到：We must take local conditions into accoutn.
27. There are three basic ways of _____ language to writing, and all known graphic systems use one or a combination of these.
　　A. committing  B. attaching  C. comparing  D. relating
　　[答案]A. committing.
　　[注釋] commit...to 托付，交付：1)He was committed to the care of his aunt.(他被托付給他的姨媽照管。) 2)I have already committed the rules to memory.(我早已記住這些規(guī)則了。)commit sth. to writing(把......寫(xiě)下來(lái))。
28. Roses are quite _____ flowers in English gardens.
　　A. ordinary    B. common    C. usual    D. general
　　[答案]B. common.
　　[注釋]common(=usual and ordinary; happening of found often and in many places)普通的；常見(jiàn)的；常常發(fā)生的；到處可見(jiàn)的：a common experience(普通的經(jīng)歷)；a common tree(常見(jiàn)的樹(shù)木)。This bird is common throughout Europe.(這種鳥(niǎo)在歐洲很常見(jiàn)。)They can treat most of the common diseases.(他們能治療大多數(shù)常見(jiàn)病。)usual(=done, found, used or existing most of the time) 經(jīng)常的，通常的，慣例的，習(xí)以為常的；強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間習(xí)慣方面，例如：This is the usual state of the house.(這房子里平常就是這種樣子。)ordinary正常的，普通的，正常的；an ordinary day(平凡的一天)，ordinary people(普通人), a piece of ordinary dance music(一首普通的舞曲)。General普通的。它與common比較，語(yǔ)氣稍強(qiáng)，含有很少例外的意外。可見(jiàn)本題中用common是最佳的選擇。
29. American women were _____ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.
　　A. ignored    B. refused    C. neglected    D. denied
　　[答案]D. denied.
　　[注釋] deny 1)否認(rèn)：A. He didn't deny the facts. B. They couldn't deny that it was a serious blow to them. C. He denied having ever there.(他否認(rèn)曾到過(guò)那里。) 2)(=say 'no' to a request; refuse to give sth. asked for or needed)不給予；Lots of people were denied the right to vote.(許多人被剝奪了選舉權(quán)。)He denies his wife nothing.(他對(duì)他的妻子有求必應(yīng)。)
30. On turning the corner, we saw the road _____ steeply.
　　A. departing B. decreasing  C. descending D. depressing
　　[答案]C. descending.
　　[注釋] descend(=come or go down)走下來(lái)；傳下來(lái)：1)He descended from the top of the mountain. 2)Are men descended from apes?(人是不是猿的后代？)depress 壓抑，使沮喪。Depart出發(fā)，起程。

31. We can't _____ one to change the habits of a lifetime in a short time.
　　A. hope    B. wait    C. expect    D. imagine
　　[答案]C. expert.
　　[注釋]expert期望，盼望，表示認(rèn)為有很大的客觀可能性，例如：I expert the work to be finished by Friday.（我期望這項(xiàng)工作能在星期五前做完。）wait for ... to do sth.等待、等待......做......，強(qiáng)調(diào)“等”這一動(dòng)詞的本身，如：The audience are waiting eagerly for the performance to begin.(觀眾正等著演出開(kāi)始。)本題如改為這樣：I waited for him to arrive in time for dinner, but he didn't come.(我等他來(lái)趕上晚餐，但他沒(méi)有來(lái)。)則句子使是對(duì)的。由此可見(jiàn)，expect是表示“期待”，而wait for 是表示“等待”，詞義完全不同。注意hope后不能接sb. to do sth.。imagine being on the moon. 3)I'm sorry, but I can't imagine anyone doing research like that.(很遺憾，我不能想象人家那樣做實(shí)驗(yàn)。)
　　本題譯文：我們不能期望一個(gè)人在這樣短的時(shí)間內(nèi)改變一輩子養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣。
32. It was necessary to _____ the factory building as the company was doing more and more business.
　　A. extend    B. increase    C. lengthen    D. magnify
　　[答案]A. extend.
　　[注釋]本題中extend意為“擴(kuò)大”。lengthen拉長(zhǎng),延長(zhǎng)。magnify放大。 Spread vi. 傳播；vt.展開(kāi)；He spread butter on the toast.(他在烤面包上涂上奶油。)
33. I asked the tailor to make a small _____ to my trousers because they were too long.
　　A. change  B. variation  C. revision  D. alteration
　　[答案]D alteration.
　　[注釋]alteration 修正，更改，尤指部分的改變。Change改變，變化，可指表面的、本質(zhì)的、內(nèi)在的變化。Revision修訂、修正，常指文章、詞典、劇本等的修改、訂正。Variation(形式、位置、條件的)變化、改變、變動(dòng)：We need some variation in our daily routine.(我們的例行公事需要作些變動(dòng)。)
34. Because of the strong sun Mrs. William's new dining room curtains _____ from dark blue to gray within a year.
　　A. faded    B. fainted    C. paled    D. diminished
　　[答案]A. faded.
　　[注釋]fade vt/vi褪色。Faint暈到，變得虛弱：He fainted from hunger. Diminish vt./vi.減少：1)His illness diminished his strength. 2)The campers' food supply diminished as the days wore on.(隨著日子的緩緩消逝，野營(yíng)者的食品供應(yīng)日益減少。)pale變蒼白。
35. Jack is good, kind, hard-working and intelligent. _____, I can't speak too highly of him.
　　A. As a result     B. By the way
　　C. On the whole    D. In a word
　　[答案]D. In a word.
　　[注釋]in a word(=in short)總之，簡(jiǎn)言之。
本題是測(cè)試“過(guò)度詞”，考生務(wù)必根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系來(lái)選擇適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡詞，使句子的意思前后連貫。
36. Evidence obtained from observation and experiment is often used to _____ a scientific theory.
　　A. confirm    B. confine    C. conform    D. conceive
　　[答案]A. confirm.
　　[注釋] confirm(=support; make certain; give proof of)證實(shí)，確實(shí)：1)Please confirm your telephone message in writing.(請(qǐng)把你電話中所說(shuō)的話再用文字復(fù)述一篇。) 2)The king confirmed that the election would be on June 20th.(國(guó)王確認(rèn)，這次選擇將于六月二十日舉行。)confine...to把......限制于：Please confine your remarks to the subject we are talking about.(請(qǐng)把你的話限止于我們正在談?wù)摰念}目。)conform (to)使一致，符合，遵守。Conceive 1)想到，想出：He very quickly conceived a new plan.[注意]conceive of想象:They could not conceive of the possibility of failure.(他們不能想象失敗的可能。)
37. Political parties often differ in their views on various _____ concerning their own countries.
　　A. ways    B. measures    C. issues    D. patterns
　　[答案]c. issues.
　　[注釋]issue此處意為“重大問(wèn)題”。measure措施，雖然填入本題也說(shuō)得過(guò)去，但不夠貼切。pattern模式，圖案，圖樣。與題意不符，不能入選。way 方法，方式。
38. _____ his knowledge of the mountainous country, John Smith was appointed as our guide.
　　A. In spite of      B. On account of
　　C. Regardless of    D. Instead of
　　[答案]B. On account of
　　[注釋]on account of(=because of)由于，因?yàn)椤�regardless of(=without worrying about)不顧；Regardless of danger, he climbed the tower.
39. The lawyer was expected to _____ some proposals after reading all those documents.
　　A. come up with    B. put up with
　　C. look up to      D. keep up with
　　[答案]A. come up with.
　　[注釋]come up with提出。參閱Ⅲ，33。注釋。Put up with忍受；keep up with跟上，與......保持一致；look up to尊敬。
40. While typing, Helen has a habit of stopping _____ to give her long and flowing hair a smooth.
　　A. occasionally    B. simultaneously
　　C. eventually      D. directly
　　[答案]A. occasionally.
　　[注釋]occasionally 偶爾。參閱IV。137注釋。Simultaniously同時(shí)地；  directly直接
41. In my opinion, you can widen the _____ of these improvements through your active participation.
　　A. dimension    B. volume    C. magnitude    D. scope
　　[答案]D. scope.
　　[注釋]scope(=the area within the limits of a questions, subject ect. ; range)(活動(dòng))范圍，機(jī)會(huì)，余地：The politics of a country would be outside the scope of a book for tourists.(一個(gè)國(guó)家的政治不屬于旅游手冊(cè)的內(nèi)容范圍之內(nèi)。)dimension尺寸，尺度；magnitude大小，數(shù)量；volume體積。均不切題，不能入選。
　　本題譯文：依我看，通過(guò)你的積極參與，你能夠擴(kuò)大這些改進(jìn)措施的范圍。
42. The noise was so _____ that only those with excellent hearing were aware of it.
　　A. dim    B. soft    C. faint    D. gentle
　　[答案]c. faint.
　　[注釋]faint(=weak, indistinct; not clear)“微弱的，模糊的，不清楚的”。Dim(=not bright, not clearly to be seen)不亮的，看不清的；the dim light of a candle(微弱的燭光)。
43. If he refuses to _____ my plan, I can probably find someone more cooperative.
　　A. put up with     B. fall in with
　　 C. do away with    D. get along with
　　[答案]B. fall in with.
　　[注釋]fall in with(=agree to)同意：Is it true that you have fallen in with them?(你真的同意他們的意見(jiàn)嗎？)put up with忍受。do away with廢除；殺死。get along with進(jìn)行，進(jìn)展；相處。
　　本題譯文：如果他不肯同意我的計(jì)劃，我或許能找一個(gè)更能合作的人。
44. Some people either _____ avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutral about them.
　　A. violently B. sincerely  C. properly  D. deliberately
　　[答案]D. deliberately.
　　[注釋]deliberately(=on purpose)故意地。Sincerely真誠(chéng)地；violently強(qiáng)暴的，激烈的，暴力引起的。properly 1)好好地，恰當(dāng)?shù)�；She never makes any attempt to clean it properly.(她從來(lái)也不打算好好地把它擦干凈。) 2)嚴(yán)格地：Properly speaking, a whale is not a fish.(嚴(yán)格地說(shuō)，鯨魚(yú)不是魚(yú)。)
45. Her skirt had been so _____ in packing that she had to iron it before going out.
　　A. faded    B. torn    C. dirty    D. crushed
　　[答案]D. crushed.
　　[注釋]crush把......弄皺。因?yàn)楹蟀刖渲衖ron指“熨平”，所以不能選其他答案了。
46. His landlady gave him a week's _____ to leave the flat.
　　A. threat    B. notice    C. advice    D. caution
　　[答案]B. notice.
　　[注釋]notice預(yù)先通知（尤用雇主、雇員或房東、房客之間）：give one's employee a month's notice (通知雇員一個(gè)月后離職)。
　　本題譯文：他的女房東通知他一周后從套間搬走。
47. Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, _____ at the other store.
　　A. anyone    B. the others    C. that    D. the ones
　　[答案]D. the ones
　　[注釋]代詞one可以用來(lái)替代前面提到過(guò)的名詞，以避免重復(fù)。如果它替代的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，則用ones。本題中它代替refrigerators；因特指，故用the ones.
48. When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above _____.
　　A. average    B. ordinary    C. regular    D. normal
　　[答案]D. normal
　　[注釋]normal正常的；ordinary普通的；usual平常的；regular有規(guī)律的，定期的。
49. With the change of the economic foundation the entire immense superstructure is _____ rapidly transformed.
　　A. anything but B. more or less  C. at large  D. any more
　　[答案]B. more or less.
　　[注釋]more or less 或多或少地；anything but根本不；at large大體上；逍遙法外；詳細(xì)地。
　　本題譯文：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)的改變，整個(gè)龐大的上層建筑也或多或少地發(fā)生變革。
50. The author of the report is well _____ with the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many years.
　　A. acquainted B. informed  C. enlightened  D. advised
　　[答案]A. acquainted.
　　[注釋]be acquainted with熟悉，be well informed of(about)對(duì)......消息靈通。可見(jiàn)，此題中應(yīng)用acquainted,因?yàn)楹竺娴亟樵~是with.
51. It is clear that the whole world is passing through a social revolution in which a central _____ must be taken by scientists and technologists.
　　A. process   B. attention    C. measure    D. part
　　[答案]D. part.
　　[注釋]take part in參加。
　　本題譯文：顯然，整個(gè)世界正經(jīng)歷著一場(chǎng)社會(huì)革命；科學(xué)家和技術(shù)人員必定是這場(chǎng)革命地主要參加者。
52. The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more _____.
　　A. at length    B. at last    C. at stake    D. at ease
　　[答案]C. at stake.
　　[注釋]at stake(=to be won or lost; risked, depending upon the result of sth.)在危險(xiǎn)中；利害攸關(guān)；His life itself was at stake.(他的生命本身瀕臨危險(xiǎn)。);  at last最終；at length詳細(xì)地；at ease安詳，自在，隨便，不拘束：She knew he was not at ease.(她知道，他并不自在。)
　　本題譯文：農(nóng)民們比城里人更渴望魚(yú)，因?yàn)橛晁畬?duì)農(nóng)民來(lái)說(shuō)關(guān)系更大。
53. When the big bills for mother's hospital care came, father was glad he had money in the bank to _____.
　　A. fall short of    B. fall through
　　C. fall back on     D. fall in with
　　[答案]C. fall back on.
　　[注釋]fall back on求助于。參閱Ⅲ.48注釋。
　　Fall short of沒(méi)達(dá)到，低于：1)He fell short of what we had expected.(他沒(méi)有達(dá)到我們的期望。) 2)The measures proposed fall far short of what is required.(所提出的這些措施遠(yuǎn)沒(méi)達(dá)到需要的 目標(biāo)。)Fall in with與......一致，符合；同意，贊成，支持。Fall through落空。參閱Ⅲ.49注釋。
　　本題譯文：母親在醫(yī)院就醫(yī)的各種帳單送來(lái)時(shí)，父親高興的是他可用銀行里的存款來(lái)支付。
54. These plastic flowers look so _____ that many people think they are real.
　　A. beautiful    B. natural    C. artificial    D. similar
　　[答案]B. natural.
　　[注釋]natural自然的，與后半句“許多人認(rèn)為它們是真的”相呼應(yīng)。
55. The managing director promised that he would _____ me as soon as he had any further information.
　　A. communicate    B. notice    C. notify    D. note
　　[答案]C. notify.
　　[注釋]notify通知。Notice n.通知；v.注意到；note n.筆記；v.記下，摘下。
56. When I worked as the general manager of the firm, I sometimes had _____ to visit London on business.
　　A. opportunity B. possibility  C. occasion D. chance
　　[答案]C. occasion
　　[注釋] occasion 作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，意為“時(shí)機(jī)”，作不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，意為“必要”，本題中occasion意為“必要”。從句語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)上看，本句中用opportunity(難得的)機(jī)會(huì)，chance（偶然的）機(jī)會(huì)均可，但按邏輯意思，應(yīng)用occasion.
57. The most important _____ of his speech was that we should all work whole-heartedly for the people.
　　A. element   B. spot    C. sense    D. point
　　[答案]D. point.
　　[注釋]point(=chief idea of sth. said, done, or planned)要點(diǎn)；論點(diǎn)，主旨：I don't see your point.(我不明白你的意思。)He said nothing to the point.(他說(shuō)的不切題。)
58. It has always been the _____ of our firm to encourage workers to take part in social activities.
　　A. plan    B. campaign    C. procedure    D. policy
　　[答案]D. policy.
　　[注釋]policy(尤指政黨、政府、大企業(yè)、商行等的)政策，方針。Campaign(政治或競(jìng)選的)運(yùn)動(dòng)；（軍事的）行動(dòng)，procedure做事的手續(xù)、程序，rule規(guī)則，plan計(jì)劃，均不合題意。
　　本題譯文：本公司的一貫方針是鼓勵(lì)工人參加社會(huì)活動(dòng)。
59. The climbers _____ their ambition by reaching the summit of the mountain.
　　A. obtained  B. sustained  C. maintained  D. realized
　　[答案]D. realised.
　　[注釋]realise sth. by doing sth. else通過(guò)做......來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn).......。
60. I remember her face but I cannot _____ where I met her.
　　A. recall    B. remind    C. remember    D. remark
　　[答案]A. recall.
　　[注釋]recall(=bring back to the mind)想起，回憶起：But I really cann't recall your name at his moment.
　　Remind sb. of ...使......想起：1)The photo reminds me of my late father.(這張照片使我想起已故的父親。) 2)The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.Remind sb. to sth.提醒......做......；Please remind me to write the letter.

61. He has left his book here on _____, so that you can read it.
　　A. purpose    B. intention    C. aim    D. meaning
　　[答案]A. purpose.
　　[注釋]on purpose是介詞習(xí)語(yǔ)，意為“故意地”。如用intention,則應(yīng)說(shuō)by intention故意地。
62. The magician picked several persons from the audience and asked them to help him with the performance.
　　A. by accident    B. on occasion
　　C. at random      D. on an average
　　[答案]C. at random.
　　[注釋]at random(=without aim or purpose)隨便地，胡亂地：His clothes were scattered about the room at random.
By accident意外地；on occasion偶爾；on an average平均計(jì)算。
63. The open university was started in order to help those who _____ having a university education when they were young.
　　A. stopped    B. failed    C. missed    D. ceased
　　[答案]C. missed.
　　[注釋]miss doing sth.沒(méi)有做某事：I missed seeing the film when it was shown at school.(學(xué)校放映那部電影時(shí)，我沒(méi)有能去看。)
64. His _____of the aeroplane was correct in every detail and could really fly.
　　A. shape    B. pattern    C. design    D. model
　　[答案]D. model.
　　[注釋]model此句中意為“（飛機(jī)的）模型”。
65. If you _____ your demand, then maybe you will have more chance of getting what you want.
　　A. conduct    B. dismiss    C. grant    D. moderate
　　[答案]D. moderate.
　　[注釋]moderate(=make or become less violent or extreme)節(jié)制，緩和，減輕。
66. Don't _____ the news to the public until we give you the go-ahead (許可，準(zhǔn)許).
　　A. release    B. discard    C. relieve    D. retain
　　[答案]A, release.
　　[注釋]release(=allow news to be published)發(fā)布（新聞）：Details of the scheme have not yet been released to the public.(這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃的細(xì)節(jié)尚未向公眾發(fā)布。)relieve 1)減輕（痛苦，緊張情緒等）：What will relieve a headache? This will help to relieve our hardship. 2)使放心，使寬慰：The good news relieved us, for we had been very anxious. 3)賑濟(jì)，救濟(jì)：The fund is for relieving distress among the flood victims. 4)relieve...from(of)解除，免除； a. This medicine will help to relieve you from your pain. b. He was relieved of his duties.retain(= keep; continue to have or hold)保持，繼續(xù)保有：1)She retains a clear memory of her schooldays. 2)You must retain your tickets.
67. The storm sweeping over this area now is sure to cause _____ of vegetables in the coming days.
　　A. rarity   B. scarcity  C. invalidity  D. variety
　　[答案]B. scarcity.
　　[注釋]scarcity(=the state of being scarce)缺乏；不足（指原本充足之物暫時(shí)在數(shù)量上的缺乏）。例如：The scarcity of fruit was caused by the drought.(水果的供應(yīng)不足是干旱所引起的。)rarity(=sth. uncommon, unusual or sth. valued because rare)珍稀，稀少：Snow is a rarity around the equator.(雪在赤道周?chē)�是罕�?jiàn)之物。)invalidity(=making weak by illness; not suitable for use)無(wú)效性，喪失工作能力。Variety(=difference of condition or quality)變化，多樣化。
　　本題譯文：目前席卷這一地區(qū)的暴風(fēng)雨今后肯定會(huì)引起蔬菜短缺。
68. Jack almost fell off the cliff, but managed to _____ until help came.
　　 A. keep on   B. catch on  C. count on    D. hang on
　　[答案]D. hang on.
　　[注釋]hang on(=hold fast, keep hold)牢牢抓住，抓緊不放：Help! I can't hang on much longer.(救命�。∥抑С植蛔±�。)keep on(doing sth.)繼續(xù)（做......）；catch on 理解；count on 指望，依賴。
　　本題譯文：杰克差點(diǎn)從懸崖上掉下來(lái)，但得以抓住不放直到得救。
69. Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to _____ healthy.
　　A. preserve    B. stay    C. maintain    D. reserve
　　[答案]B. stay.
　　[注釋]preserve, stay, maintain, reserve這4個(gè)詞均有“保持”，“維持”之意。stay后可接形容詞作表語(yǔ)：The weather stayed wet for three days.其他3個(gè)詞均為及物動(dòng)詞。Preserve(=keep safe from decay, risk, harm, danger, going bad etc.)保存，保護(hù)：1)Policemen preserve order in the streets.(警察在街上維持秩序。) 2)We must preserve our natural resources.(我們必須保護(hù)自然資源。)3)You paint woodwork to preserve it.(你油漆木制品以防腐爛。)Maintain(=keep up)保持，維持，維修。Reserve(=keep for a special purpose; store)保留，預(yù)定：1)I'll reserve my opinion at his time,(這時(shí)我將保留我的看法。) 2)I'll phone up today and reserve a room.(我今天將打電話預(yù)定一個(gè)房間。)
　　本題譯文：專家們說(shuō)，步行是一個(gè)人保持健康的最好方法之一。
70. Expected noises are usually more _____ than unexpected ones of the like magnitude.
　　A. manageable    B. controllable
　　C. tolerable     D. perceivable
　　[答案]C. tolerable.
　　[注釋]tolerable(=fairly good, not too bad)可忍受的：The pain has become tolerable. manageable可處理的；可管理的；controllable可控制的；perceivable可覺(jué)察的。
　　本題譯文：料想到的嗓音通常情況下比起等量的意外嗓音來(lái)說(shuō)是可以忍受的。
71. It isn't so much whether he works hard; the question is whether he works _____.
　　A. above all    B. in all    C. at all    D. after all
　　[答案]C. at all.
　　[注釋]at all全然，真地（常用于肯定句中）：If you do it at all, do it well.(你若真做，就得做好。)not...at all全不，毫不：He doesn't seem at all interested in my plane.(他似乎對(duì)我的計(jì)劃毫無(wú)興趣。)above all(=most important of all)最重要的。in all總計(jì)：We were fifteen in all.(我們總計(jì)15人。)after all畢竟，終究。
　　本題譯文：他是否努力工作到并不重要，問(wèn)題是他是否真正地做了。
72. Mary had taken _____ to see that her guests had everything that they could possibly want.
　　A. efforts    B. pains    C. attempts    D. endeavors
　　[答案]B. pains.
　　[注釋]take pains to do sth.下苦功夫做某事：I'm grateful because you have taken pains to show me how to do the work.
73. He ate what he could, and gave the _____ of the food to the birds.
　　A. remain    B. uneaten    C. rest    D. part
　　[答案]C. reset
　　[注釋]the rest (of)剩余部分，其余。remain作“剩余物”(=what is left)解時(shí)常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：the remains of a meal(殘羹剩飯)。[ALI]《新英漢辭典》認(rèn)為也可以用單數(shù)，可作參考。
74. The government placed _____ on the numbers of foreign cars that could be imported.
　　A. limitations     B. restraint
　　C. requirements    D. restrictions
　　[答案]D. restrictions.
　　[注釋]restriction(可數(shù)名稱)限制性規(guī)定：It is a club with rigid restrictions on its membership.Limitation局限性，不足之處，不利之處（可數(shù)）：1)I know my limitations.(我了解我的不足之處。) 2)Every from of art has its limitations.（每種藝術(shù)形式都有其局限性。）
75. We won't know whether it will be successful. We won't know whether there will be good _____.
　　A. ends    B. results    C. effects    D. causes
　　[答案]B. results.
　　[注釋]result意為“由某種活動(dòng)或某種原因所產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果”，如：obtain(=get, attain, gain win, secure)good results（取得好結(jié)果），publish the results（公布成績(jī)）。
76. No one imagined that the apparently _____ businessman was really a criminal.
　　A. respectful B. respectable C. respective  D. respected
　　[答案]B. respectable.
　　[注釋]respectable受到尊敬的。詳見(jiàn)117.注釋。
　　本題譯文：沒(méi)有一個(gè)想象到這個(gè)看起來(lái)令人尊敬的商人竟是一個(gè)罪犯。
77. At first the institute refused to purchase the telescope, but this decision was _____ revised.
　　A. occasionally    B. consequently
　　C. successively    D. subsequently.
　　[答案]D. subsequently.
　　[注釋]subsequently(=afterwards)隨后，其后。
78. The speaker _____ several other subjects in the course of his talk but mostly kept himself to the main topic.
　　A. held on    B. worked out    C. touched on    D. kept out of
　　[答案]C. touched on
　　[注釋]touch on簡(jiǎn)單談到。參閱Ⅲ.178注釋。
79. Comrade Li Dazhao, _____ librarian of Beijing University, was one of the founders of the Chinese Communist Party.
　　A. sometimes B. sometime  C. some time  D. some times
　　[答案]B. sometime.
　　[注釋]sometime(=former)過(guò)去的，以前的：Alice Brown, a sometime pupil of our school, is now a teacher there.
80. Alice was very sorry to hear that her grandmother had _____ two days before.
　　A. broken off    B. passed off
　　C. given away    D. passed away
　　[答案]D. passed away.
　　[注釋]pass away(=die)死亡，是“死亡”的委婉語(yǔ)。
　　break off中斷；give away給掉；泄露；pass off中止，中斷。
81. What makes the space shuttle _____ is that it takes off like a rocket but lands like an airplane.
　　A. exceptional    B. strange    C. unique    D. rare
　　[答案]C. unique.
　　[注釋]unique(=being the only one of its type)同類事物中獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。如：This stamp is unique; all others like it have been lost or destroyed.
82. People cannot but feel _____, for they simply cannot understand how he could have made such a stupid mistake.
　　A. puzzled    B. delighted    C. induced    D. inspired
　　[答案]A. puzzled.
　　本題譯文：人們不得不感到迷惑，因?yàn)樗麄兒?jiǎn)直不能理解，他怎么能犯這樣愚蠢的錯(cuò)誤。
83. When a space shuttle has accomplished its _____, it can be ready for another trip in about two weeks.
　　A. venture  B. mission C. commission D. responsibility
　　[答案]B. mission.
　　[注釋]mission通常指一種特殊的、特定的且有一定難度的使命或工作，常與accomplish, complete等詞搭配，如：accomplish a historic mission完成一項(xiàng)歷史使命。Venture冒險(xiǎn)；常指商業(yè)上的冒險(xiǎn)投機(jī)。例如：He declined the business venture. Commission委任；代理；傭金。He often goes beyond his commission.(他時(shí)常越權(quán)。)responsibility責(zé)任。
　　本題譯文：當(dāng)航天飛機(jī)完成了它的使命，它能在大約兩周內(nèi)做好準(zhǔn)備再次航行。
84. He's the kind of man who is fond of _____ compliments to other men's wives.
　　A. paying  B. saying  C. expressing  D. showing
　　[答案]A. paying
　　[注釋]pay a compliment (compliments) to sb.恭維某人。
85. Radar enables the pilot of an airliner to take off, fly and land in _____.
　　A. danger   B. comfort  C. continuity D. safety
　　[答案]D. safety.
　　[注釋]in safety安全地。從邏輯上看，其他選擇均不切題。
86. The map was drawn to the standard _____ of 1/100,000, so there was not much detail.
　　A. route    B. line    C. rate    D. scale
　　[答案]d. scale.
　　[注釋]scale在此題中意指“（實(shí)物與地圖、圖解等代表物間的）比例，比例尺”.be drawn to be standard scale of 1/100,000(按照十萬(wàn)分之一標(biāo)準(zhǔn)比例尺繪制)。
87. Our Party has always devoted great attention to raising the living _____ of the working people.
　　A. cost    B. situation    C. level    D. standard
　　[答案]D. standard.
　　[注釋]living standard生活水準(zhǔn)。
88. It was _____ by the railway board that the cost of rail fares would be increased by ten percent.
　　A. noticed    B. stated    C. suggested    D. noted
　　[答案]B. stated.
　　[注釋]state此處意為“（=make sth. know, announce）宣布，通告，聲明（口頭的或書(shū)面的）”，如：It is stated that all the accident were killed.(據(jù)宣布，事故中全部人員無(wú)一幸免。)suggest建議，是表示欲望意義的動(dòng)詞，從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should +動(dòng)詞原形）。Note(=notice)“注意到”，如：It was noted that the temperature rose during this time.
89. The chances of discovering life on Neptune are about a million _____.
　　A. at one    B. for one    C. to one    D. against one
　　[答案]c. the one.
　　[注釋]a million to one百萬(wàn)分之一，意為“幾乎沒(méi)有什么可能”。
90. Everything he said then was _____ by what happened later.
　　A. identified  B. signified C. noticed   D. verified
　　[答案]D. verified.
　　[注釋]verify(=prove the truth of)證實(shí)，證明：1)It was easy to verify his statements.(很容易證實(shí)他說(shuō)的話。) 2)Later findings verified the scientist's theory(后來(lái)的各種發(fā)現(xiàn)證明這位科學(xué)家的理論是對(duì)的。)
　　identify識(shí)別，鑒別；signify表示，意味，要緊；有重要性：1)He signified that he agreed by nodding.(他點(diǎn)頭表示同意。) 2)Never mind, it doesn't signify.(沒(méi)事兒，這無(wú)關(guān)緊要。)