Cutting meat production and consumption by 30 percent would help to reduce carbon emissions(排放) and improve health in the most meat-loving nations, scientists said on Wednesday.
Using prediction models, British and Australian researchers  1  that improving efficiency, increasing carbon capture and  2  fossil fuel dependence in farming would not be enough to  3   emissions targets.
But combining these steps  4  a 30 percent reduction in livestock（家畜）  5  in major meat-producing nations and a similar  6  in meat-eating, would lead to "substantial population health benefits" and cut emissions, they said.
The study found that in Britain, a 30 percent  7  intake of animal-source saturated（飽和的） fat by adults would reduce the  8  of premature（過(guò)早的） deaths from heart disease by some 17 percent -- equivalent to 18,000 premature deaths reduced in one year.
In Sao Paulo, Brazil, it could mean as  9  as 1,000 premature deaths reduced in a year, they said.
  10  the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization, 18 percent of all greenhouse gas emissions are from meat production and experts say rising  11  for meat, particularly in countries with growing economies, could  12  livestock production up by 85 percent from 2000 levels  13  2030.
The scientists said global action was needed to maximize the benefits of cutting meat production and  14 , and that the environmental  15  "may apply only in those countries that currently have high production levels."
The study was  16  in The Lancet medical journal as part of a series in climate change and health  17  the Copenhagen global climate summit scheduled next month.
In a second study, British scientists found that increased walking and cycling, and  18  cars, would have a much greater impact on health  19  low-emission vehicles in rich and middle-income countries.
Andrew Haines, director of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine and head of the research series, said delegates at Copenhagen needed "to understand the potential  20  impacts of their plans."
(   ) 1. A. invented             B. experimented    C. found               D. proved
(   ) 2. A. increasing          B. speeding           C. stopping           D. reducing
(   ) 3. A. meet                  B. change             C. break                      D. adapt
(   ) 4. A. by                     B. with                 C. to                    D. in
(   ) 5. A. sale                   B. eating               C. production               D. use
(   ) 6. A. cut                    B. increase            C. addition            D. consumption
(   ) 7. A. lower                 B. higher              C. more                D. less
(   ) 8. A. amount              B. number            C. quantity            D. deal
(   ) 9. A. much                 B. many                      C. few                  D. little
(   ) 10. A. According to     B. Apart from       C. As well as         D. In addition to
(   ) 11. A. resistance          B. fear                  C. demand            D. anxiety
(   ) 12. A. weaken            B. strengthen         C. drive                D. broaden
(   ) 13. A. in                    B. by                    C. from                D. after
(   ) 14. A. evaluation               B. consumption     C. process             D. store
(   ) 15. A. advantage         B. disadvantage     C. pollution          D. improvement
(   ) 16. A. written             B. claimed            C. delivered          D. published
(   ) 17. A. along with               B. from behind      C. ahead of           D. in front of
(   ) 18. A. more                B. fewer                      C. no                    . none
(   ) 19. A. then                 B. as                    C. that                  D. than
(   ) 20. A. health              B. body                C. spirit                D. emotion
1-20 CDABC AABBA CCBBA DCBDA
本文說(shuō)明了減少肉類(lèi)食物的消耗量不僅可以更健康的生活，還有助于節(jié)能減排。做本完形填空要求學(xué)生注重把生活常識(shí)和本文作者的行文邏輯緊密的結(jié)合起來(lái)。
1. C英國(guó)和澳大利亞的研究人員通過(guò)使用預(yù)測(cè)模型進(jìn)行研究后發(fā)現(xiàn)，僅靠提高能源使用率、增加碳收集以及降低農(nóng)業(yè)對(duì)礦物燃料的依賴還不足以實(shí)現(xiàn)減排目標(biāo)。由此我們得知此空要填上表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)”之意的動(dòng)詞，也就是：found（find的過(guò)去式），而ABD項(xiàng)所表達(dá)的意思：發(fā)明，實(shí)驗(yàn)，證明，都不符合此處的語(yǔ)言邏輯。最具有迷惑性的是proved（證明），因?yàn)槭抢妙A(yù)測(cè)模型進(jìn)行研究后得出的結(jié)論，所以最合適的就應(yīng)該是強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果的“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。
2. D由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處表示降低農(nóng)業(yè)對(duì)礦物燃料的依賴之意，表示降低之意單詞只有D項(xiàng)：reducing，其余三項(xiàng)分別表示：增加，加速，停止，其中最具迷惑性的是C項(xiàng)：stopping(停止)，根據(jù)日常生活常識(shí)我們知道農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)不可能停止使用各種礦物質(zhì)燃料。
3. A由第一題的分析我們可以斷定此處要填上表示“達(dá)到，實(shí)現(xiàn)”之意的動(dòng)詞，BCD三項(xiàng)分別表示：改變，打破，調(diào)整，只有A項(xiàng)：meet（滿足）可以表達(dá)這樣的意思。
4. B但研究人員稱(chēng)，如果在此基礎(chǔ)上將肉類(lèi)主要生產(chǎn)國(guó)的家畜產(chǎn)量和肉類(lèi)消費(fèi)分別降低30%，則可“極大增進(jìn)人們的健康”，同時(shí)減少碳排放，我們得知此空得填上和combine：把……和……結(jié)合起來(lái)，這四個(gè)介詞當(dāng)中表示和之意的只有with，ACD項(xiàng)的意思與combine都和語(yǔ)境不搭配，這是因?yàn)閎y表示由……；to表示對(duì)于……；in表示在……里面。
5. C由上一題的分析和日常生活常識(shí)，我們得知肉是由養(yǎng)殖的家畜屠宰之后，才為人們所消費(fèi)。故此空填上表示家畜“生產(chǎn)”的名詞，也就是production，其余的ABD三項(xiàng)分別表示：銷(xiāo)售，食用，應(yīng)用，語(yǔ)意方面都不符合此處的語(yǔ)言邏輯。
6. A由第四題的分析我們不難判斷，這兒填上表示“削減”的名詞也就是cut，BCD三項(xiàng)所表達(dá)的意思分別是：增加，累加，消費(fèi)。無(wú)論述意思還是邏輯上都與這兒的語(yǔ)境邏輯不相搭配。
7. A研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在英國(guó)，如果成年人攝入的動(dòng)物飽和脂肪量減少30%，那么因心臟病而早逝的病例數(shù)可減少17%，相當(dāng)于一年避免1.8萬(wàn)例早死病例。這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中表示較低的是A項(xiàng)：lower。BCD三項(xiàng)分別依次表示：較高，較多，較大，于此處的語(yǔ)境邏輯上不相適宜。
8. B 經(jīng)過(guò)上一題的分析，我們得知此處表示因心臟病而早逝的“病例數(shù)”，即是number，而ACD三項(xiàng)往往用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞，并且它們都表示量，不表示數(shù)。
9. B研究人員稱(chēng)，在巴西圣保羅市，這意味著每年可避免多達(dá)一千個(gè)早死病例。這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有as many as 表示多達(dá)之意，并且用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞death。ACD三項(xiàng)中A項(xiàng)用來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞，CD兩項(xiàng)在意思表示少的意思，不符合這兒的作者所表達(dá)的語(yǔ)意。
10.A聯(lián)合國(guó)糧農(nóng)組織的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，18%的溫室氣體排放來(lái)自于肉類(lèi)生產(chǎn)。我們判斷這兒的the United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization是個(gè)機(jī)構(gòu)名詞，那么此處就表示根據(jù)……之意，也即是A項(xiàng)，BCD三項(xiàng)所分別表達(dá)的：除了…，和……一樣，另外還有…，和這兒的語(yǔ)言邏輯不契合。
11.C專(zhuān)家稱(chēng)，到2030年，不斷增長(zhǎng)的肉類(lèi)需求，尤其是發(fā)展中經(jīng)濟(jì)體的肉類(lèi)需求，將推動(dòng)家畜產(chǎn)量在2000年的基礎(chǔ)上增長(zhǎng)85%。我們確定這個(gè)空要填上表示需求之意的名詞，也即是demand。ABD三項(xiàng)依次分別表示：抵抗，害怕，焦慮，不能和這兒的作者的行文邏輯相吻合。
12.C經(jīng)過(guò)上一題的分析，我們得知此空應(yīng)該填上表示“推動(dòng)”之意的動(dòng)詞，而drive最合適。ABD三項(xiàng)的：弱化，強(qiáng)化，拓寬，顯得不倫不類(lèi)。
13.B由第11題的分析，確定這里表示增長(zhǎng)的程度的介詞，此四個(gè)詞語(yǔ)中只有by可以表示這樣的詞義。ACD項(xiàng)各自表示：在…..里（方面），從……(地方)，在…..之后。此三項(xiàng)都沒(méi)有表示程度的意思。
14.B科學(xué)家表示，世界各國(guó)需采取行動(dòng)，將減少肉類(lèi)生產(chǎn)消費(fèi)的益處最大化，由此產(chǎn)生的環(huán)境優(yōu)勢(shì)“可能只適用于目前肉類(lèi)生產(chǎn)量較高的國(guó)家”，此處應(yīng)該是填上表示消費(fèi)的名詞，此四個(gè)詞語(yǔ)當(dāng)中ACD依次分別表示：評(píng)估，過(guò)程，存儲(chǔ)，明顯不合適，B項(xiàng)consumption就表示消費(fèi)之意，最為貼切。
15.A由第14題的分析確定這里填上表示優(yōu)勢(shì)的名詞，也就是A項(xiàng)advantage。BCD項(xiàng)依次表示：不利，污染，改進(jìn)，在語(yǔ)言邏輯上和作者的行文邏輯不相吻合。
16.D由常識(shí)判斷，研究結(jié)果往往刊登在報(bào)刊、書(shū)籍、網(wǎng)站、雜志上，故此處填寫(xiě)D項(xiàng)published，ABC三項(xiàng)依次表示寫(xiě)，呼吁，送或者提供。最具有迷惑性的是A項(xiàng)，由上面的分析我們斷定這個(gè)詞語(yǔ)也不符合常識(shí)。
17.C在下月的哥本哈根全球環(huán)境峰會(huì)召開(kāi)前，該雜志刊發(fā)了一系列有關(guān)氣候變化與健康的文章，要填上“在……之前”，ABD三項(xiàng)中D項(xiàng)的最容易讓人混淆，但是它表示在……前面，通常是指地理方位。AB兩項(xiàng)：和……一起，從……的后面，就顯得更不適宜了。
18.B在另一項(xiàng)研究中，英國(guó)科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，在富裕和中等收入國(guó)家，多走路騎車(chē)、少開(kāi)車(chē)對(duì)于健康的益處比乘坐低排放量的交通工具要大很多，這兒填上表示較少的之意的形容詞。A項(xiàng)more是較多的，C項(xiàng)no是沒(méi)有（這個(gè)根據(jù)生活常識(shí)是不可能），D項(xiàng)往往和of搭配，不直接跟上名詞。而C項(xiàng)fewer表示較少的，用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞。
19.D由上一題分析斷定此處表示：比…….這四個(gè)單詞中就只有D項(xiàng)了。ABC三項(xiàng)中的所有意思：和…..，和……，為了……。AB兩項(xiàng)的漢語(yǔ)意思是“和”，但沒(méi)有“比……”之意，
20.A全文都是論述減少肉類(lèi)食物的消耗量不僅可以更健康的生活，還有助于節(jié)能減排，其實(shí)節(jié)能減排也是為了人類(lèi)的健康。故這兒填上D項(xiàng)health：健康，而不是BCD項(xiàng)的：身體，精神，和情感。
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小題3:A prince had some monkeys trained to dance. Being naturally good at learning, they showed themselves excellent pupils, and in their rich clothes and masks, they danced as well as any of the courtiers. Their performance was often repeated with great applause, till on one occasion a courtier, bent on mischief, took from his pocket a handful of nuts and threw them upon the stage. The monkeys at the sight of the nuts forgot their dancing and became (as indeed they were) monkeys instead of actors. Pulling off their masks and tearing their robes, they fought with one another for the nuts. The dancing spectacle thus came to an end in the laughter and ridicule of the audience.
小題4:A cock was once strutting up and down the farmyard among the hens when suddenly he noticed something shining in the straw. "Ho! ho!" said he, "that’s for me," and soon rooted it out from beneath the straw. It turned out to be a pearl that by some chance had been lost in the yard. “You may be a treasure,” signed the cock, “to man, but for me I would rather have a single barley-corn.”
小題5:An old man on the point of death summoned his sons around him to give them some parting advice. He ordered his servants to bring in a bunch of sticks, and said to his eldest son: "Break it." The son tried hard, but with all his efforts was unable to break the bundle. The other sons also tried, but none of them was successful. “Untie it,” said the father, “and each of you take a stick.” When they had done so, he called out to them: “Now, break,” and each stick was easily broken.
請(qǐng)閱讀下面的故事寓意，然后匹配與之對(duì)應(yīng)的小故事。
A．Not everything you see is what it appears to be.
B．One man’s pleasure may be another’s pain. / One man’s meat is another’s poison,
C．Misfortune tests the sincerity of friends.
D．One good turn deserves another.
E. Union gives strength.
F. Precious things are for those that can prize them.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

There is one difference between the sexes on which every expert and study agrees: men are more aggressive than women. It shows up in 2-year-olds. It continues through school days and persists into adulthood. It is even constant across cultures. And there is little doubt that it is rooted in biology.
If there's a woman’s trait(特點(diǎn)) which is the same as men’s aggressiveness, it's what social scientists refer to as the result of "education". Feminists have argued that the caring nature of women is not biological in origin, but rather has been forced into women by a society that wanted to keep them in the home. But the signs that it is at least partly inborn are too numerous to ignore. Just as tiny infant girls respond more readily to human faces, female toddlers(學(xué)步者) learn much faster than males how to pick up nonverbal cues（非言語(yǔ)暗示） from others. And grown women are far more skilful than men at interpreting facial expressions: A recent study by University of Pennsylvania brain researcher Ruben Gur showed that they easily read emotions such as anger, sadness and fear. The only such emotion men could pick up was disgust.
　 What difference do such differences make in the real world? Among other things, women appear to be somewhat less competitive--or at least competitive in different ways--than men. At the Harvard Law School, for instance, female students enter with qualities just as outstanding as those of their male peers. But they don' t qualify for the well-known Law Review in proper numbers, a fact some school officials owe to women' s discomfort in the incredibly competitive atmosphere.
　　Students of management styles have found fewer differences than they expected between men and women who reach leadership positions, perhaps because many successful women deliberately imitate men. But an analysis by Purdue social psychologist Alice Eagly of 166 studies of leadership style did find one difference: Men tend to be more “autocratic”-making decisions on their own--while women tend to consult colleagues more often.  Studies of behavior in small groups turn up even more differences. Men will typically dominate the discussion, says University of Toronto psychologist Kenneth Dion, spending more time talking and less time listening.
小題1:The passage mainly discusses__________.
　          
A．how sex differences are demonstrated in social relations
　　		B．how hormone determines sex differences
　　		C．why there are differences between males and females
　　		D．why men and women have different social roles
小題2:Which of the following is true of women's nurturing nature according to the passage?
A．It is not inborn in any sense.
B．It is inspired by women’s families.
C．It is caused by social prejudice.
D．It is partly biological in origin.
小題3:The Harvard Law School example in paragraph 3 suggests that_________.
A．women are not as competitive as men
B．law is not the fight profession for women
C．women are as excellent as men when they are young
D．a(chǎn)cademic qualities are not equal to performance
小題4:Which of the following statement is true according to paragraph 4?
A．Men leaders should consult colleagues and subordinates more often.
B．Female leaders' success is due to their imitating male leaders.
C．Men and women are different in their leadership style.
D．Decisiveness is an important quality for a successful politician.
小題5:It can be inferred from the passage that the writer_________.
A．denies the difference sexes make in real life
B．is prejudiced against men
C．discourages women to be competitive
D．treats sex difference objectively

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feelings
Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical（經(jīng)驗(yàn)的，實(shí)證的） basis. They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused and lead to relaxation.
Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook.
In additions to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.
Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off  academically, and it seems to, according to a study led by C. Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.
Recent study on room lighting design suggests than dim（暗淡的） light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax.
So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. "We have a very limited number of studies, so we're almost looking at the problem through a straw（吸管）," architect David Allison says. "How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? That's what we're all struggling with."
小題1:What does Joan Meyers-Levy focus on in her research?
A．Light.B．Ceilings.C．Windows.D．Furniture.
小題2:The passage tells us that ______.
A．the shape of furniture may affect people's feelings
B．lower ceilings may help improve students' creativity
C．children in a dim classroom may improve their grades
D．students in rooms with unblocked views may feel relaxed
小題3:The underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that ______.
A．the problem is not approached step by step
B．the researches so far have faults in themselves
C．the problem is too difficult for researchers to detect
D．research in this area is not enough to make generalized patterns
小題4:Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?
CP: Central Point    P: Point   SP: Sub-point（次要點(diǎn)）   C: Conclusion

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

　　Sociologists（社會(huì)學(xué)家）, working in western countries, have found that a large number of women wished they had been born men. The number is said to be as high as 60％ in Germany.
　　"Women often wish they had the same chances as men have, and think it is still men's world. " said Dr. James Helen, one of the sociologists who did the study.
　　Many men say that they have more duties than women. A man has to make money to support his family and to make the important decision, so it is right for men to be paid more. Some are even against their wives working at all. When wives go out to work, they say, the home and children cannot be taken good care of. If women take full-time jobs, they won't be able to do what they are best at doing: making a nice home and bringing up the children.
　　Some women disagree. They say they want to get out of their homes and to have freedom to choose between work and home life. Women have the right of equal pay and equal chances.
　　Anne Harper has a very good job. She also believes in "Women's Liberation", "I don't wish I were a man," she says, "and I don't think many women do. But I do wish people would stop treating us like second-class people. At work, for example, we usually do the work that men do but get paid less. There are still a lot of jobs only to men—usually they are the best ones. If you are a man, you have a much better chance of living a wonderful life. How many women scientists are there…or engineers?"
小題1:Many men think ______.
A．women can't do what men can
B．men have to work much harder than women
C．men can make money more easily than women
D．women's duty is mainly to do housework at home
　小題2:Some women have different ideas. They say that ______.
A．women need chances to go out of the home more often
B．women want more freedom in deciding the kind of life they want
C．if women are given equal pay, they can do everything instead of men
D．women are no longer interested in taking care of their homes
　　　小題3:Anne Harper thought that ______.
A．women should live a better life than men
B．women should be really liberated
C．women should be given better jobs than men
D．women should live a more wonderful life than men

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The South Pole is a particular place on the earth.When people stand at the top of it looking around,they will find all directions face to north.No matter how they make their first step in which direction,they will always walk towards the north.That’s to say,only north and south exist there,neither east nor west exists.
At the top of the South Pole,any clock or watch keeps good time because all meridians（子午線） join there.All kinds of local time are completely suitable there.It is even difficult to distinguish（區(qū)別） New Year’s Eve from New Year’s Day.
The explorers and scientists from different countries always fix the time according to their own.Therefore the time by their watches was different when the people with different nationality gathered there.
The Winter Solstice（冬至日） is an important festival at the South Pole.It is always on June 21 or 22.This day is called Midwinter Festival,on which the daytime is the shortest in a year and the night the longest.All people at the South Pole extend greetings to each other and present gifts to each other.They usually give all kinds of celebrations.From that day on,the daytime will get longer day by day.
小題1:At the top of the South Pole,your watch will ________.
A．keep good timeB．be five minutes fast
C．stopD．be ten minutes slow
小題2:The Winter Solstice is an important festival ________.
A．in the worldB．a(chǎn)t the South PoleC．a(chǎn)t the North PoleD．in China
小題3:On the Winter Solstice,________ is the shortest in a year.
A．the nightB．the noonC．the morningD．the daytime

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