Work your brain!
Between 2 and 3 pounds of wonder，it controls everything we say，do or think，who we are and what we care about. The way we walk or laugh or figure out things. What we like and the talents we possess. How we see and talk and run and jump and process our food.
The brain uses 20 percent of our body's oxygen and 20 percent of its blood. Somewhere within its protein，fat, 100,000 miles of blood vessels and 100 billion nerve cells，it helps us remember where we put our gym shoes. Change our temperature so we don't die because of the heat or cold. Speed us up or slow us down. Help us choose between orange juice or orange­flavored drinks.
Its intricacies(復雜性)are stunning，far beyond anything most of us can imagine. To keep this work of art as polished(有光澤的) as possible we need to eat right，exercise and keep mentally stimulated(刺激)．
Good nutrition helps brain cells communicate with each other. Exercise stimulates a hormone(荷爾蒙)in our brain that improves memory. Mental stimulation keeps you sharp even as you age.
“It's very important that we tell people to be physically active and mentally active，” said neurologist Malcolm Stewart.
“People cannot stop aging，but you're able to reduce the damage；you're able to keep the function up.”
Following are Dr.Stewart's advice for improving brain health：
Nutrition
Avoid fast food. Follow the old adage(格言，諺語)：For breakfast，eat like a king；for lunch，like a queen；for supper，like a beggar.
Exercise
Do a combination of stretching aerobic and muscle­strengthening every day.
Mental games
Try to have a sense of hope about the future. Do puzzles. Listen to music. Reach out to others to make their lives better.
小題1:The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to ______.
A．inform us how the brain works
B．give us advice on how to keep the brain healthy
C．tell us that the brain plays an important role in our lives
D．show how special the brain is to us
小題2:The word “stunning” in Paragraph 5 means ______.
A．interesting 　B．strangeC．significant　D．a(chǎn)mazing
小題3:According to the text，more exercise ______.
A．keeps our mind sharp 　　
B．helps improve our memory
C．gives our brain a rest 　　
D．is good for brain cells communicating with each other
小題4:In order to keep brain healthy，we should avoid ______.
A．eating a good lunch B．doing puzzles
C．eating a large supper D．taking aerobic exercise

小題1:B
小題1:D
小題1:B
小題1:C
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A report by the Consumer Electronics Association says electronics are among the most popular gifts being bought this holiday season. 
Jim Barry is a spokesman for the Consumer Electronics Association. He says the CEA study found that electronics represent three of the top five things on its "holiday gift wish list" this year.
JIM BARRY: "Notebook computers are at the top, followed by iPads and then e-readers. IPad is a touch-screen tablet computer and that's really the big player in that category."
The computer company Apple began selling its small, touch-screen computers in April.   People use the touch-screen computers to surf the Web, write e-mails, watch movies and read books. Since the iPad's release earlier this year, several other companies have come out with their own tablet computers just in time for Christmas.
A report from the e-Marketer research group predicts that worldwide, tablet sales will reach more than eighty-one million in two thousand twelve. Still, Jim Barry says these devices are facing tough competition this year from another Christmas favorite.
JIM BARRY: "Another hot category right behind that are the e-readers. So you can read on an iPad or a touch-screen tablet, but the e-book readers are less expensive. The Kindle is the market leader there, from Amazon. But you also have the Nook from Barnes and Noble and the e-reader from Sony. And you have more and more of those e-readers coming into the market as well."
The Consumer Electronics Association report found that iPod music players are also in high demand this holiday season.  
But not all of the things on the holiday gift wish list involved electronics. Clothes, cars and motorcycles also made the list. So did family togetherness and good health. And the one thing that people wanted most?
JIM BARRY: "At the top of the list was peace and happiness."
That is also our wish for you this holiday season.
小題1:The best title of the passage is         .  
A．How to choose a suitable gift for Christmas
B．iPads, E-Readers, Notebook Computers top wish lists
C．What we should buy for our kids this holiday season
D．How modern technology is changing the way people relate
小題2:People use the touch-screen computers to do all the following things except         .  
A．surf the Web and write e-mails
B．watch movies and read books
C．surf the Web and contact others on phone
D．surf the internet and use it as an e-reader
小題3:Which of the following sentences is TURE?  
A．iPads are the most popular gift among all the electronics.
B．Only the computer company Apple releases a touch-screen tablet computer.
C．All of the things on the holiday gift wish list are electronics.
D．There are more and more kinds of e-readers in the market.
小題4:You don't have enough money for an iPad, but you can buy          for a friend who enjoys reading.  
A．notebook computersB．iPod music players
C．touch-screen tablet computerD．e-book readers
小題5:We can infer from the last paragraph that         .  
A．people value peace and happiness more than anything else
B．clothes, cars and motorcycles are also popular gifts for Christmas
C．family togetherness and good health don't make the list
D．JIM BARRY also sends their wish for us this holiday season

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Honeybees
Honeybees can do three kinds of jobs.
It is one of the most unusual insects in the world. Bees are special because they divide up their honeybee work. Each bee has a certain job to do.
The busiest bee is the worker. Workers build the nest, called a hive. Inside the hive, workers make a honeycomb from wax(蜂蠟). They store honey there for food. Workers are always cleaning and fixing the hive. They even stand at the opening and fan their wings to cool the hive. Worker bees will attack anything—even people—to keep their hive safe.
Another kind of bee is the drone(雄蜂). Drones are male bees, and their job is to fly with the queen bee and mate with her. After the queen mates, the worker bees drive the drones away. The drones then starve to death.
The third kind of bee is the queen. Each hive needs only one queen, and her job is laying eggs. She can lay as many as 2, 000 eggs a day.
小題1:The bee’s nest is called a _______.    
A．hive B．honeycomb C．drone D．wax
小題2:Which jobs do workers do?
A．They lay 2, 000 eggs each day and build a nest.
B．They mate with the queen bee and then starve.
C．They clean the hive and keep it cool.
D．They attack the queen bee.
小題3:According to the story, bees _______.  
A．a(chǎn)re very dangerous insects
B．will attack anything or anyone to protect the hive, if necessary
C．a(chǎn)re like any other insect that flies
D．eat each other as food
小題4:The drone is driven away when its job is finished, because _______.  
A．it attacked the workersB．it is no longer needed in the hive
C．the queen bee has diedD．it ate the queen bee

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A scientist who developed a way to calculate how much water is used in the production of anything from a cup of coffee to a hamburger was awarded the 2008 Stockholm Water Prize.
Professor John Anthony Allan of the University of London in Britain won the award for introducing the idea of “virtual water (虛擬水)”, a calculation method that has changed the nature of trade policy and research.
Allan has written seven books and published more than 100 papers.
The Stockholm International Water Institute said this idea is now embedded (埋藏) in the production of foods and industrial products. The institute said Allan’s work had made a big effect on global trade policy and research, especially in water-scarce (缺水的) regions.
“The improved understanding of trade and water management issues on local, regional and global scales are of the highest value for the successful and sustainable (可持續(xù)的) use of water resources,” it said.
“People do not only use water when they drink it or take a shower,” the institute said. “Behind the morning cup of coffee, there are 140 liters of water that was used to grow, produce, package and ship the beans.” That is about as much water as a person in England uses on average for all daily drinking and household needs.
“For a single hamburger, about 2,400 liters of water are needed. In the USA, the average person uses nearly 7,000 liters of virtual water every day.” It said that was more than three times the average use of a Chinese person.
小題1:Allan was awarded the prize because _______.
A．he wrote seven books on trade policy
B．he published more than 100 papers on water management
C．he found a new kind of water in water-scarce areas
D．he came up with the idea of virtual water
小題2:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The average American uses about 7,000 liters of water a day.
B．The average Chinese uses nearly 2,300 liters of virtual water a day.
C．An Englishman usually drinks about 140 liters of coffee a day.
D．A hamburger usually contains about 2,400 liters of water.
小題3:What do we learn about John Anthony Allan from the passage?
A. He won the 2008 Nobel Prize.        B. He has written over 100 books.
C. He works at the University of London.        D. He lives in the USA.
小題4:What effect does the idea of virtual water have?
A．It helps us realize the importance of trade.
B．It helps people do successful business.
C．It helps us make use of water scientifically.
D．It tells us how much water we use a day.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Just as the world’s most respected scientific bodies have confirmed that the world is getting hotter, they have also stated that there is strong evidence that humans are driving the warming． Countless recent reports from the world’s leading scientific bodies have said the same thing． For example, a 2010 summary of climate science by the Royal Society stated that: “There is strong evidence that the warming of the Earth over the last half-century has been caused largely by human activity．”
The idea that humans could change the planet’s climate may be counter-intuitive（與直覺不符的）, but the basic science is well understood． Each year, human activity causes billions of tons of greenhouse gases to be released（釋放）into the atmosphere． As scientists have known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible blanket．
Of course, the planet’s climate has always been changing thanks to “natural” factors（因素） such as changes in solar or volcanic（火山的）activity, or cycles relating the Earth’s going around the sun． According to the scientific literature, however, the warming recorded to date matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere – not the warming we would expect from other possible causes．
Even if scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming observed so far, that would beg a difficult question． As Robert Henson puts it in The Rough Guide to Climate Change: “If some newly discovered factor can account for the climate change, then why aren’t carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）and the other greenhouse gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be?”
The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths – one with human influence and one without． That obviously isn’t possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty．
小題1:In most scientists’ opinion, the global warming is mainly caused by      ．
A．solar activityB．volcanic activity
C．the Earth’s going around the sunD．human activity
小題2:The text is developed by      ．
A．giving typical examplesB．following the order of space
C．a(chǎn)nalysing a theory and arguing itD．comparing and finding differences
小題3:The underline word “identical” means      ．
A．totally differentB．exactly the same
C．extremely importantD．relatively independent

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Sometimes life gets a little dull. What used to be fun and different becomes boring. That is the time to look for something new. It is the time for a big idea to get your mind off everyday life. So why not search for extraterrestrial (地球外的) intelligence? Or even better, why not get your computer to do it for you?
Over two million people have joined the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence（SETI）project. Based in California, the SETI project analyzes information taken from a giant radio telescope based in South America. Its task is to look for signals from outer space that might prove that life exists on other planets.
Processing this information is far too big a job for one computer. So the SETI project workers divide the work among volunteers who visit their website. Each computer gets some information to work out from the SETI network through the Internet. This process is often known as “meta-computing”.
It is a wonderful thought. You are sleeping, eating a meal or going out with friends. All this time, your computer is searching the stars for signs that might show something is out there trying to get in touch. Volunteers are proud of being involved in the SETI project. It shows that they understand the potential (潛能) of computing. They know that it is more than just a way of working or playing games.
Meta-computing may also be creating intelligence as well as looking for it. This idea is based on the theory that human intelligence is created by the way in which different parts of the brain communicate with each other. As the saying goes, “The whole is more than the sum of its parts.” People who join the SETI project sometimes wonder whether their computer will become part of a huge network that has learned to think for itself.
小題1:According to the writer, meta-computing may be creating intelligence    .
A．because human beings are intelligentB．because a computer works as the brain does
C．because of a network of many computersD．because of the number of computers
小題2: Which of the following shows the order in which the SETI network works?
A．Radio telescope→SETI website→Volunteers’ computer→SETI base
B．Radio telescope→SETI base→SETI website→Volunteers’ computer
C．SETI base→SETI website→Volunteers’ computers→Radio telescope
D．SETI base→Radio telescope→SETI website→Volunteers’ computers
小題3: The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to _____ .
A．extra-terrestrial intelligenceB．human intelligence
C．the SETI projectD．meta-computing
小題4:The passage mainly tells us about _____.      
A．a(chǎn) new way to work on the computer
B．a(chǎn) new way to work and play games
C．a(chǎn) new way to search for life outside the earth
D．a(chǎn) new way to make computers learn to think for itself

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Nuclear radiation （核輻射）has a certain mystery, partly because it cannot be detected （探測）by human senses. It can’t be seen or heard, or touched or tasted, even though it may be all around us. There are other things like that. For example, radio waves are all around us but we can’t detect them or sense them without a radio receiver. Similarly, we can’t sense radioactivity without a radiation detector. But unlike common radio waves, nuclear radiation is not harmless to human beings and other living things.
At very high levels, radiation can kill an animal or human being at once by killing plenty of cells in important organs(器官). Even the lowest levels can do serious damage. There is no level of radiation that is completely safe. If the radiation does not hit anything important, the damage may not be serious. This is the case when only a few cells are hit, and when they are killed at once. Your body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones. But if the few cells are only damaged, and if they reproduce themselves, you may be in trouble. They reproduce themselves in an unusual way. They can grow into cancer. Sometimes this does not show up for many years.
This is another reason for some of the mystery about nuclear radiation. Serious damage can be done without the knowledge of the person at the time that damage has occurred. A person can be irradiated(放射治療) and feel fine, then die of cancer five, ten, or twenty years later as a result. A child can be born weak or easy to get serious illness as a result of radiation absorbed by its grandparents.
小題1:According to the passage, the danger of nuclear power lies in       .
A．nuclear mysteryB．radiation detection
C．radiation levelD．nuclear radiation
小題2:Radiation can lead to serious trouble even at the lowest level        .   
A．when it kills a few cells
B．because the killed cells can’t be replaced
C．if it damages a few cells
D．unless the damaged cells can reproduce themselves
小題3:What does the author want to tell us?
A．Radiation can hurt us.B．Radiation is a subject scientists work on.
C．Radiation is a mystery.D．Radiation is the source of cancer.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

People say teenagers are no good．They make too much noise in shopping malls; they drive recklessly up and down America’s main streets; they carry chips on their shoulders as big as the Sears Tower．And at least some of the time those things are true．But we shouldn’t forget that there are hard moments in the life of a teenager too．
I watched such a moment not long ago at a woman’s funeral（葬禮）．I didn’t expect the event to affect me．Through much of the ceremony, in fact, I remained unmoved．
Then her teenage grandson stepped forward．With his very first deep breath, every heart in that church was achingly reminded of something we had all forgotten．Softly he began: “I want to share a few values that Nana taught me．She never failed to see light in any situation．When our family dog would literally attact her, what would Nana say? ‘Oh, what beautiful markings that dog has．’ That was Nana．
“She was a strong woman who often lived in the shadow of my grandpa, who was a successful businessman in this city．But she was the one behind the scenes who provided the strength and support for Grandpa’s career,” he said, with a voice now trembling．“That was Nana’s way．”
Through a muffled sob, he continued．“Whenever she did anything worth recognition, you’d have to hear about it from a different source, because she was never one to brag．”
Finally, in a voice breaking free of sorrow, he looked up and said, “Nana taught me courage．She put up an incredible fight to the end, when she died peacefully, which is how she lived her life．That was Nana’s way, and I hope I can carry on in the same manner．”
There are no hearts as sensitive as those of teenagers, because everything is happening to them for the first time．The trouble with teenagers is that they haven’t learned to be controlled．
When that boy rose to speak about the woman who surely had been his truest ally and est friend, his honest voice dragged each of us out into the open where we could no longer hide in the calm ritual．He exposed us to the truth about this very real woman who believed in a boy who probably tried the patience of many adults．He reminded us that his grandmother was more than another dot on the chart of life and death．
All over again we felt those powerful losses crisscrossing our own hearts, and we knew that when you say good-bye to a beloved grandparent, you say good-bye to something happy, something young in yourself．And that something never really returns, and the pain never really goes away．
小題1:From the boy’s speech, we know his grandmother ____________．
A．was a weak woman living in the shadow of his grandpa
B．liked dogs very much even if they often attacked her
C．could see everything around her though she was old
D．had great influence over the boy when she was alive
小題2:According to the first paragraph, _____________．
A．young people should keep quiet before the public
B．people don’t think highly of the teenagers
C．people shouldn’t forget the young people
D．young people are living a hard life
小題3:The writer wanted to tell the readers ____________．
A．the young people were too weak to face the fact
B．the young people had to learn to control themselves
C．the adults could learn something valuable from the young
D．the adults should teach the young how to deal with the death
小題4:We can infer from the passage that the boy ___________．
A．was filled with sadness and gave up finishing his talk
B．was always very good at expressing himself
C．practiced a lot in order to give a moving speech
D．had great difficulty in accepting the loss of Nana

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It’s hard to track the blue whale, which has almost been killed off by commercial whaling. Attaching radio devices to it is difficult and visual sightings are too unreliable to give real insight into its behavior.
So biologists were delighted early this year when, with the help of the US Navy, they are able to track a particular blue whale for 43 days recording its sounds. This was possible because of the Navy’s former top secret system of underwater listening devices across the oceans.
Tracking whales is but one example of an exciting new world just opening to civilian scientists after the cold war as the Navy starts to share and partly uncover its global network of underwater listening system built over the decades to track the ships of potential enemies.
Earth scientists announced at a news conference recently that they had used the system for closely observing a deep-sea volcanic eruption for the first time and that they planned similar studies. Other scientists have proposed to use the network for tracking ocean currents and measuring changes in the ocean and global temperatures. Different layers of ocean water can act as channels for sounds focusing them in the same way a stethoscope(聽診器) does when it carries faint noises from a patient’s chest to a doctor’s ear. This focusing is the main reason that even relatively weak sounds in the ocean, especially low-frequency ones, can often travel thousands of miles.
小題1:The underwater listening system was originally designed _________________.
A．to trace and locate enemy ships
B．to observe deep sea volcanic eruptions
C．to study the movement of ocean currents
D．to replace the global radio communications network
小題2:The deep-sea listening system makes use of __________________.
A．the ability of sound to travel at high speed
B．the top-level technology of focusing sounds under water
C．the unique characteristic of layers of ocean water in carrying sound
D．low-frequency sounds traveling across different layers of water
小題3:What can we infer from the passage?
A．New radio devices are developed for tracking the blue whales.
B．Blue whales are no longer endangered with the new system.
C．Opinions differ on the use of military technology.
D．Military technology has great potential in civilian use.
小題4:What is the passage chiefly about?
A．An effort to protect an endangered marine species.
B．The civilian use of a military detection system.
C．The exposure of a US Navy top-secret weapon.
D．A new way to look into the behavior of blue whales.

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