Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archeologists (考古學(xué)家) says. In a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue. It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance.
“Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practice,” they write.
The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3,000 BC. Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time, but eventuallly the bones will have to be returned to the ground.
The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000 years ago. If human remains were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was. Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed.
Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains. The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it.
Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist at Sheffield University, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer.”
The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.
小題1:According to the passage, scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because ______.
A．it is only a temporary measure on the human remains
B．it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific research
C．it was introduced by the government without their knowledge
D．it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains
小題2:Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time.
B．Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh.
C．Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time.
D．Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed.
小題3:What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?
A．The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains.
B．The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857.
C．The law on human remains hasn’t changed in recent decades.
D．The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law.
小題4:Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A．New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands.
B．Research time should be extended, scientists require.
C．Law on human remains needs thorough discussion, authorities say.
D．Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archeologists warn.

小題1: B           
小題2:C
小題3:D
小題4:D
略
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：完形填空


A.    introduction  B. company  C. accidentally   D. against    AB. sped 
AC. apparent    AD. between  BC. institutional  BD. context  CD. influenced
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

51---------
Successful people are nicer to those who are jealous of them, psychologists have found.
　　　The fear that they may become the target of malicious（惡意的）envy makes people act more helpfully toward people who they think might be jealous of them.
　　　Previous research found jealousy could be divided into benign and malicious envy. Those with benign envy were motivated to improve themselves, to do better so they could be more like the person they envied.52--------　The Dutch researchers then set out to question the effect on the target of the envy.
In lab experiments a group of people were made to feel like they would be maliciously envied by being told they would receive an award of five euros（歐元）53-------The researchers thought that the deserved prize would lead to benign envy, while the undeserved prize would lead to malicious envy.
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B．Helping others is a virtue.
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E. This fear of envy can encourage us to behave in ways that improve the social interactions of the group.'
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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One of the causes of the lack of marine life in this region is due to pollution and pollutants are none other than plastics. Captain Charles Moore believes plastic waste started accumulating in the 1950s.
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To do research on the ocean pollution, Captain Moore founded Algalita Marine Research Foundation. Other organizations such as Greenpeace supported his cause. The reports of The United Nations Environment Program show that millions of seabirds and marine animals are dying due to the invasion(入侵)of plastics. The waste plastics can be recycled, but in fact they are being thrown into the oceans. The marine animals mistake these for food and eat them. This leads to their death that affects the marine food chain.
To save the oceans from the plastic continent you need to reduce the use of plastics, reuse plastic bags and recycle plastics.
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A．A plastic continent does exist in the Pacific Ocean
B．Endangered marine life is well protected.
C．Plastics are one of the main causes of water pollution.
D．Plastics should be forbidden in people’s daily life.
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A．Local fishermen have to fish in other areas.
B．The water becomes shallow and fish have to move away.
C．The wind is too strong there and it makes sailing more difficult.
D．It makes people realize the importance of protecting the environment.
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A．Many marine animals are dying due to the broken marine food chain.
B．Captain Moore founded Greenpeace to do research on the ocean pollution.
C．The marine animals have no choice but to eat plastics for lack of food.
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀下列短文，從每小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和 D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。




A
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Grades: 3-5
Our Price: $ 8.95
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Growing up, Danica Patrick dreamed of racing in the Indianapolis 500. In 2005, her dream came true. Danica finished the race in fourth place, the best ever result by a woman. Three years later, she became the first female to win an IndyCar race. As a woman competing in a sport dominated by men, Danica faced many obstacles. But she never stopped believing in herself, no matter what the difficulties.
Book 3: Ellen Ochoa
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Some people dream of becoming stars. Ellen Ochoa dreamed of living among them! She worked hard to make her dream of becoming an astronaut come true. On April 8, 1993, she strapped (用帶子系好)herself in for the ride of her life aboard the space shuttle Discovery. Ochoa aimed high and boldly went where no Hispanic woman had gone before. Find out about Ochoa’s amazing journey in her own words and photos from her personal collection!
Book 4: LeBron James
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Fans, teammates, and opponents know him as King James. Many people consider LeBron James to be the most talented basketball Player of his generation. But there is much more to his story. He overcame hard times as a kid and rose to national fame as a teenager. He then jumped right from high school to the pros.  Along the way, LeBron never lost sight of where he came from or who he is.
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What do the four books have in common according to the passage?
A．Their prices are the same and they are all about famous leaders.
B．They are all about Africans and their contributions to society.
C．They are written for the same grades and their prices are the same.
D．They are for the same readers and printed by the same publisher.
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Emma is dreaming of being a car racer. Who can be an example to her?
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If John wants to learn something about becoming a basketball player, which book should he read?
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Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
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B．In 2005, Danica Patrick became the first woman to win an IndyCar race.
C．Ochoa is the first Hispanic woman to have gone aboard the space shuttle Discovery for the ride.
D．LeBron James is the most talented basketball player.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language, which assesses the proficiency (熟練) of English language of a person in an academic setting. Various institutions, scholarship programs require this test as a trusted and effective indicator of a person’s ability to communicate in English.

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It measures your academic skills that whether you are ready to study or train at under graduate or post graduate level in foreign universities or not. In the test candidates are provided with a passage from text books and questions based on lectures, and you can be asked to speak or write in response related to that passage.
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-----Be familiar with the format of the test;
-----Practice for listening test on the TOEFL test.
To take admission in World’s famous Harvard University, the minimum TOEFL score required is 587 on the paper-based test, 240 on the computer-based test, or 94-95 on the internet-based TOEFL.
小題1:The underlined word “comprising” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A．includingB．formingC．combiningD．explaining
小題2:Which section is Not included in IBT TOEFL?
A．Reading.B．Writing.
C．Speaking.D．Structure and Written Expression.
小題3: According to the passage, many students are required to take TOEFL test probably because the test can________.
A．improve their academic skills
B．indicate their proficiency of English language
C．provide scholarship programs in many countries
D．decide your graduation from foreign universities
小題4:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Advantages of TOEFL testB．Introduction to TOEFL test
C．Preparations for TOEFL testD．Assessment of TOEFL test

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

“My kids really understand solar and earth-heat energy,” says a second-grade teacher in Saugus, California. “Some of them are building solar collectors for their energy course.” These young scientists are part of City Building Educational Program (CBEP), a particular program for kindergarten through twelfth grade that uses the stages of city planning to teach basic reading, writing and math skills and more.
The children don’t just plan any city. They map and analyze (分析) the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and foretell its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect (建筑師) who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations. “Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom,’’ says the teacher who developed this program. “They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame, because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the class enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected ‘official’ and ‘planning group’ make all the design decisions for the model city and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser.
CBEP is a set of activities, games and imitations that teach the basic steps necessary for problem-solving: observing, analyzing, working out possible answers, and judging them based on the children’s own standards.
小題1:The program is designed to_________.
A．direct kids to build solar collectors
B．train young scientists for city planning
C．develop children’s problem-solving abilities
D．help young architects know more about designing.
小題2:An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom to ________.
A．find out kids’ creative ideasB． help kids with their program
C． discuss with the teacherD． give children a lecture
小題3:Who is the designer of the program?
A．An official.B．An architect.C．A teacher.D．A scientist
小題4:The children feel free in the program because __________.
A．they can design future buildings themselves
B．they have new ideas and rich imagination
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

With alarming regularity, we read about oil tankers having accidents near land and the terrible consequences of the oil spills（泄露） on people, nature, and the environment．
Millions of dollars have been used in developing special chemicals to help dismiss the spills and to clean up the animals, beaches, and land spoiled by the oil．Unfortunately, when many of these chemicals are used, more damage is caused to the environment, especially to lives in the sea．
Of all of today’s environmental disasters, an oil spill may actually be one of the least serious．Although oil is poisonous, it is a natural material．In the end, it breaks down naturally．There are, of course, long-term effects, but it is usually more serious in the short term．
Nature by itself works better than chemical materials, but when there is a spill we demand that governments act immediately with as much hi-tech knowledge as possible．In 1967 the tanker Torrey Canyon sank off the Sicily Isles near the coast of England and spilled 120,000 tones of oil into the ocean．If you go there today, you will find it hard to see any sign that it ever happened．
Governments seem to accept the risk of transporting millions of tons of oil by ship every day so that we can fill up our cars and drive around and cause even more environmental damage．Interestingly, the biggest companies in the world produce cars, and the next biggest supply the gasoline to make them run!
We should be thinking more about reducing our dependency on oil．Governments should be encouraging research into new technologies, such as cars run by solar power（太陽(yáng)能）, electricity, hydrogen, and so on．Much of this research has, in the past, been held back by the oil, gas, and coal．
If the world’s millions of cars were 10% more efficient（高效的）— and the industry could easily produce cars at least twice as efficient — we would need many fewer tankers crossing the oceans each year．If this happened, the risks of oil spills would be reduced, and the air we breathe would be cleaner and fresher, too．
小題1:What is the passage mainly talking about?
A．Oil tanker accidents．B．Oil spills pollution．
C．What oil pollution is．D．How to reduce oil pollution．
小題2:How does the author support the idea that oil spills are not as serious as people believe?
A．By giving a description．B．By making an argument．
C．By giving an example．D．By drawing a diagram．
小題3:What does the underlined word “risk” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．Transportation depending more on oil．
B．Poisonous oil breaking down naturally．
C．Millions of tons of oil spilling into the sea．
D．More environmental damage being caused．
小題4:Which suggestion is made for reducing oil tank accidents according to the passage?
A．We should develop new technologies to cut oil use
B．Tankers should not be allowed to sail near the coastlines．
C．We should build safer oil tankers in the near future．
D．Countries should build more oil pipelines under the sea．

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When my grandmother was raising me in Stamps, Arkansas, she had a particular routine（慣例）when people who were known to be whiners entered her store. My grandmother would ask the customer, “How are you doing today, Thomas?”
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As soon as the complainer was out of the store, my grandmother would call me to stand in front of her. Then she would say the same thing she had said at least a thousand times, it seemed to me. “Jane, did you hear what so-and-so complained about?” And I would nod. Grandmother would continue, “Jane, there are people who went to sleep all over the world last night, poor and rich and black and white, but they will never wake again. Those dead people would give anything, anything at all for just five minutes of this weather that person was complaining about. So you watch yourself about complaining, Jane. What you’re supposed to do when you don’t like a thing is change it. If you can’t change it, change the way you think about it. Don’t complain.”
I have learned a lot from my grandmother. Her opinions always hit the nail on the head. Whining is not only impolite, but can be dangerous.
小題1:
The underlined word “whiners” in paragraph 1 refers to those people who ________.
A．think little of themselvesB．enter a store regularly
C．a(chǎn)re afraid of hot weatherD．complain often
小題2:
From what the author’s grandmother said, we can infer that ________.
A．she tried to comfort the whinersB．she was impolite to the whiners
C．she was against whiningD．she shared the whiners’ opinions
小題3:
The author’s grandmother told her to ________.
A．be sympathetic(同情) to the deadB．treasure（珍惜）every moment of her life
C．keep away from the whinersD．get used to things she disliked
小題4:
What is the purpose of the author in writing the passage?
A．To show that complaining is not only rude but harmful.
B．To tell us a story about her grandmother.
C．To show how to live one’s life to the fullest.
D．To tell us people’s different attitudes towards complaining.

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