A.    introduction  B. company  C. accidentally   D. against    AB. sped 
AC. apparent    AD. between  BC. institutional  BD. context  CD. influenced
  Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the spread of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened __47__. As was discussed before, it was not until the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic medium, following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the __48__ of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution __49__ up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading on through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures into the 20th-century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in perspective. It is important to do so. It is generally recognized, however, that the __50__ of the computer in the early 20th century, followed by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, although its impact on the media was not immediately __51__. As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal” too, as well as __52__, with display becoming sharper and storage capacity increasing. It was within the computer age that the term “information society” began to be widely used to describe the __53__ within which we now live. The communications revolution has __54__ both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been controversial views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits” have been weighed __55__ “harmful” outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.

小題1:AD           
小題1:B
小題1:AB
小題1:A
小題1:AC
小題1:BC
小題1:BD
小題1:CD
小題1:D           
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Pupils work harder in lessons if they are taught by a man, a study has claimed. Male teachers are more likely to improve pupils' self-esteem and are judged by pupils to be more fair, according to a study published by the Department for Education.                                                             
But there is a significant shortage of male teachers, especially in primary schools, with reports last month indicating that almost one in three primaries has an all-female teaching staff. The latest figures heightened fears that schools are becoming dominated (主宰) by women and children are being denied access to male role models in the classroom.                        
Researchers at the London School of Economics and Westminster University conducted an experiment in which each of 1,200 pupils in 29 schools was given £2. They could use the money to "buy" up to 10 questions at a cost of 20p each, which they then had to answer. If they were right they were given an extra 20p, but if they were wrong they lost 20p. Boys and girls who had a male teacher chose on average almost half a question more than those taught by women, indicating that they had a more positive outlook on the rewards of effort, the the study said.                                            
Researchers wrote: "One of the most significant results featured in this experiment is the positive effect of male teachers on effort. The experiment suggests that higher ability pupils either believed that the teacher would reward them more favorably or had a preference for working hard to please the teacher."                                                     
According to the Good Teacher Training Guide, 86 per cent of new teachers entering primary schools are female, along with 62 per cent of those entering secondary schools.                                             
Professor Alan Smithers, of Buckingham University, said: "This is an interesting and somewhat surprising finding, but it does underline the importance of having a good mix of male and female teachers in classes."
小題1:Which of the following is true of the passage?  
A．Male teachers are more fair than female teachers.
B．Now most primary schools are in need of teachers.
C．Most people are afraid that their children can't get access to male teachers.
D．The author thinks that male teachers are better than female teachers.
小題2:What is the author's attitude to the finding that pupils work harder in lessons if they are taught by a man?   
A．He is for the finding.
B．He is against the finding.
C．He doesn't show his opinion about it.
D．He thinks it’s interesting and somewhat surprising.
小題3:What does the author mainly tell us in the 3rd paragraph?   
A．Researchers at the London School of Economics and Westminster University conducted an experiment.
B．Students could use the money to "buy" up to 10 questions and then had to answer them.
C．Boys and girls who had a male teacher chose on average almost half a question more than those taught by women.
D．The experiment shows that students taught by male teachers had a more positive outlook on the rewards of effort.
小題4:It can be inferred that         .  
A．one third of primaries has an all female staff
B．if a student is taught by a man teacher, he will think that if he works harder he will make greater progress
C．86 per cent of new teachers entering primary schools are female
D．this finding is interesting and surprising
小題5:Where can we find the passage?   
A．It is from a PE section on the Internet.
B．It is from an educational magazine.
C．It comes from the social section of a newspaper.
D．It comes from an English teaching book.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain, a group of leading archeologists (考古學家) says. In a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists write of their “deep and widespread concern” about the issue. It centers on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance.
“Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburied, whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeological and scientific research and of museum practice,” they write.
The law applies to any pieces of bone uncovered at around 400 dig sites, including the remains of 60 or so bodies found at Stonehenge in 2008 that date back to 3,000 BC. Archaeologists have been granted a temporary extension to give them more time, but eventuallly the bones will have to be returned to the ground.
The arrangements may result in the waste of future discoveries at sites such as Happisburgh in Norfolk, where digging is continuing after the discovery of stone tools made by early humans 950,000 years ago. If human remains were found at Happisburgh, they would be the oldest in northern Europe and the first indication of what this species was. Under the current practice of the law those remains would have to be reburied and effectively destroyed.
Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied to more recent remains. The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it.
Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist at Sheffield University, said: “Archaeologists have been extremely patient because we were led to believe the ministry was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer.”
The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.
小題1:According to the passage, scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because ______.
A．it is only a temporary measure on the human remains
B．it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific research
C．it was introduced by the government without their knowledge
D．it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains
小題2:Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A．Temporary extension of two years will guarantee scientists enough time.
B．Human remains of the oldest species were dug out at Happisburgh.
C．Human remains will have to be reburied despite the extension of time.
D．Scientists have been warned that the law can hardly be changed.
小題3:What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?
A．The Ministry of Justice did not intend it to protect human remains.
B．The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857.
C．The law on human remains hasn’t changed in recent decades.
D．The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law.
小題4:Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A．New discoveries should be reburied, the government demands.
B．Research time should be extended, scientists require.
C．Law on human remains needs thorough discussion, authorities say.
D．Law could bury ancient secrets for ever, archeologists warn.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It’s always great to hear news about wildlife returning to where they once lived. For the first time in 8 years the small blue --- British’s smallest butterfly--- has been seen back at a nature reserve in Hertfordshire.
This nature reserve has had a lot of work done recently in order to help butterflies. Management of the land has included bringing in sheep to keep the grass under control in a more natural way and planting wild flowers for butterfly species. The nature reserve is home to a number of butterfly species. In fact the way that this reserve has been managed means that it is probably the best reserve in Hertfordshire to see butterflies with at least 25 species now living in the area.
There are a number of threats to British butterflies and the greatest threat is the loss of their habitat. Changing farming practice has affected British native butterfly species greatly with many more now being at risk. Butterflies are such an excellent species that they can clearly tell the situation of local environment because they are easily influenced by environmental changes, A wide species of butterflies will generally mean a healthy environment.
The type of land management at the nature reserve in Hertfordshire offers a hope for many species of butterfly to live as usual. Butterflies need all the help they can get at the moment. Although the number of butterflies is beginning to increase, many are still at risk.
小題1:What has the nature reserve done to help butterflies return ?
a. changing the reserve place     b. bringing in sheep
c. planting wild flowers         d. changing farming practice
A．a(chǎn).bB．c,dC．a(chǎn),dD．b,c
小題2:Why did the butterflies fly away eight years ago？
A．The weather is changingB．The flowers have died out
C．Their habitat has been lost.D．The environment has changed
小題3:What can we infer from the passage?
A．The environment has changed healthier a lot than before.
B．All the butterflies have returned to the reserve.
C．There is no threat to the British butterflies.
D．Over 25 species is living in the reserve now.
小題4:What does the underlined sentence mean?
A．The butterflies changed as the environment changed.
B．Butterflies are very beautiful.
C．Butterflies are sensitive to the environment the live.
D．Butterflies can tell us what is happening.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Like distance runners on a measured course, all of us will move through time in a roughly predictable pattern.
In the first stage of our lives, we develop and grow, reaching toward the top of physical vitality (活力,生氣).
After we grow up, however, the body begins a process of gradually wearing out.
A new awareness of physical fitness may help lengthen our years of health and vitality, yet nothing we do will work to stop the unavoidable force of aging.
Most of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body. The lungs become less able to take in oxygen. Powerful muscles gradually lose their strength. The heart loses power and pumps less blood. Bones grow easier to break.
Finally, we meet a stress, a stress that is greater than our physical resistance. Often, it is only a minor accident or chance infection (a disease caused by virus), but this time, it brings life to an end.
In 1932, a classic experiment nearly doubled the lifetime of rats, simply by cutting back the calories in their diet. The reason for the effect was then unknown.
Today, at the University of California at Berkley, Dr. Paul Seagle has also greatly lengthened the normal lifetime of rats. The result was achieved through a special protein limited diet, which had a great effect on the chemistry of the brain. Seagle showed that within the brain, specific chemicals control many of the signals that influence aging. By changing that chemical balance, the clock of aging can be reset.
For the first time, the mystery of why we age is being seriously challenged. Scientists in many fields are now making striking and far-reaching discoveries.
An average lifetime lasts 75 years, yet in each of us lies a potential for a longer life. If we could keep the vitality and resistance to disease that we have at age twenty, we would live for 800 years.
小題1: What does the underlined word “it” refer to?
A．Physical vitality.B．Stress. C．Aging.D．Physical resistance.
小題2:Which of the following is not a change of aging?
A．The lungs become unable to take in oxygen.
B．People gradually lose their muscle strength.
C．The heart loses power and pumps less blood.
D．Bones tend to break more easily.
小題3: The author believes the following except that ________.
A．human’s life pattern is predictable
B．physical fitness can’t stop the force of aging
C．human’s lifetime will last longer than 75 years
D．a(chǎn)ll of the changes of aging take place deep inside the body
小題4:How did Dr. Paul Seagle lengthen the lifetime of rats in his experiment?
A．By limiting the protein in their diet.B．By cutting the calories in their diet.
C．By resetting their clock of aging.D．By keeping their physical fitness.
小題5: What is probably the best title for the article?
A．Two Great ExperimentsB．The Mystery of Human Life
C．Ways to lengthen Human LifeD．The Breakthrough in the Study of Aging

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

What is it that makes people laugh? More than two thousand years ago the ancient Greek philosopher (哲學家) Aristotle defined (定義) jokes as the pleasure that results from a feeling of triumph by showing we’re better than someone else in a certain way. According to Aristotle and many other philosophers，all jokes depend mainly on showing inferiority in another person or group of persons — that is，putting it clearly，on showing that they are worse off than ourselves. Jokes raise our good opinion of ourselves at someone else’s expense.
Showing how much better than other people we are is only one reason we like jokes. Someone may also use a joke to express their anger or their cruelty （殘酷）or any other kind of action that is not acceptable to us. We feel free to laugh when we hear about someone sliding on a banana skin. The joke lets us express those attitudes which are usually unacceptable to society. This is probably the reason why some of the jokes，especially those involving cruelty，are so popular with certain people.
Besides，all jokes depend on our enjoyment of laughing at something that is strange and out of place because it’s different from things which are happening around it. The same situation can be either sad or pleasant，depending entirely on how strange and out of place it is. If a girl in a bathing suit falls into a swimming pool，we don’t laugh because nothing unusual has happened. But if a man in a smart suit falls in，the situation is at once unusual in a pleasant way and we laugh. A good joke-teller will always try to build up a situation in which one thing is expected until something unexpected suddenly happens，and so we laugh.
小題1:The underlined word “inferiority” (in Paragraph 1) means ______.
A．someone that is better than someone else
B．something that is better than something else
C．someone that is as good as someone else
D．something that is not as good as something else
小題2:According to Aristotle, all jokes depend mainly on ______.
A．resulting in a sense of success
B．showing inferiority in another person or group
C．having a good opinion of other people
D．making people laugh unexpectedly
小題3:What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A．To express those attitudes usually unacceptable to society is one of the reasons we like jokes.
B．When people are angry, they would like to hear jokes.
C．People who like jokes are usually cruel.
D．Showing we are better than other people is the only one reason we like jokes.
小題4:What will a good joke-teller always try to do? 
A．Make an unexpected thing happen in an expected situation
B．Make different things happen at the same time.
C．Make a sad situation into a pleasant one.
D．Make people laugh at something unusual and out of place.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In the 13th century, the famous Italian traveler, Marco Polo, traveled a long way to China. During his stay in China, he saw many wonderful things. One of the things he discovered was that the Chinese used paper money. In western countries, people didn’t use the paper money until 15th century. However, people in China began to use paper money in the 7th century.
A Chinese man called Cai Lun invented paper almost 2,000 years ago. He took the wood from trees and made it into paper. He then put these pieces of paper together and made them into a book.
Now paper still comes from trees. We use a lot of paper every day. If we keep on wasting so much paper, there will not be any trees left on the earth. If there are no trees, there will be no paper. Every day, people throw away about 2,800 tons of paper in our city. It takes 17 trees to make one ton of paper. This means that we are cutting nearly 48,000 trees every day. Since it takes more than 10 years for a tree to grow, we must start using less paper now.
So how can we save paper? We can use both sides of every piece of paper, especially when we are making notes. We can use cotton handkerchiefs and not paper ones. When we go shopping, we can use fewer paper bags. If the shop assistant gives us a paper bag, we can save it and reuse it later.
Everyone can help to save paper. If we all think carefully, we can help protect trees. But we should do it now, before it is too late.
小題1: When he was in China, Marco Polo ____________.
A．discovered Cai Lun invented paperB．learned to make paper
C．saw many wonderful thingsD．read a lot of books
小題2: Which of the following is not a way of saving paper?
A．To use both sides of every piece of paper
B．To use fewer paper bags when shopping
C．To use cotton handkerchiefs instead of paper ones
D．To grow more trees
小題3: Which of the following is not true?
A．If we keep on wasting paper, we will have no paper to use one day.
B．The Chinese used paper money much earlier than people in western countries.
C．About 48,000 trees can be used to make 2,800 tons of paper.
D．It is never too late to plant trees for paper.
小題4: Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A．Saving PaperB．The History of Paper
C．Cotton Handkerchiefs Back AgainD．Cai Lun, the Inventor

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Nowadays, there’s a lot of debate about single sex education since it has begun to regain its popularity recently. According to long term studies of children from around the world, students achieve more and learn better in single sex schools.
An Australian study of 270,000 students found that both boys and girls performed much higher on standardized(標準化) tests when they attended separate schools. During an experiment in Virginia in 1995, 100 eighth graders were separated just for math and science courses. Almost immediately, the girls began to achieve more, become more confident and take part more often in class activities.
In 2001, a British study concluded that nearly every girl regardless of (不論) her ability or socio-economic status performed better in single sex classrooms than co-ed ones. The study of 2,954 high schools and 979 primary schools showed that while boys at the lowest levels in study improved the most in single sex schools, single sex education was particularly beneficial (有益的) to girls. Every one of the top 50 private elementary schools and top 20 private high schools in Britain are single sex schools.
Girls became more confident in themselves as students and earned higher scores on their College Board and Advanced Placement examinations. A quarter of the female members of the US Congress and one-third of all female members of Fortune 100 boards graduated from all-women’s colleges.
While the statistics are not as dramatic for boys, however, boys tend to soften their competitive edge and become more cooperative in a single sex setting. They can just be boys and not worry about what the girls might think.
Single sex education has a pleasant way of encouraging children to be fearless, to be curious, to be enthusiastic --- in short, to just be themselves. Children are subjected (屈從于) to pressures from every quarter to become adults before they are ready to do so. They grow up too quickly. Why not let them be children for a few more years? Single sex education with its gentler, more controlled social atmosphere is just the right answer for many children.
小題1:   With the experiment in Virginia in 1995, the writer wants to show that        .
A．single sex education has become popular in recent years
B．the effect of single sex education on girls is immediate
C．students at separate schools are better prepared for standardized tests
D．both boy and girl students achieve more and learn better in single sex schools
小題2:According to the article, which of the following statements about single sex education is TRUE?
A．Girls’ performances in single sex classrooms are determined by their ability and socioeconomic status.
B．In all-boys schools boys with the worst academic performances improved the most.
C．Single sex education was particularly helpful for boys.
D．There are more single sex schools than co-ed schools in Britain.
小題3:   In the article, the underlined phrase “soften their competitive edge” probably means        .
A．a(chǎn)ct in a kindly mannerB．become less competitive
C．lose interest in somethingD．take advantage of something
小題4:   What is the main point of the article?
A．Ways to reduce pressure and help children grow.
B．The reason why girls perform better than boys at school.
C．The advantage of single sex education.
D．The development of single sex education in different countries.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The 9．2一magnitude(震級)earthquake which caused the tsunami in
the Indian Ocean on Boxing Day last year occurred at 7:58 a.m.，95 miles off the west coast of Aceh, Indonesia．
Eighteen minutes later．10-metre high waves crashed the ashore along a 500——mile-long stretch of Aceh．
Two hours later the tsunami hit Thailand and Malaysia and then Burma, Bangladesh, India，the Maldives，Sri Lanka，Kenya and Somalia．The final death toll is thought to be about 280，000，with tens of thousands more listed as missing．More than l.8 million people lost their homes．
●What Is Tsunami?
A tsunami is a chain of fast moving waves caused by a sudden strong quake in the ocean．They can be caused by earthquakes，volcanic eruptions(爆發(fā))，or even the collision of meteorites(隕星)．Tsunamis are also incorrectly known as tidal waves，but unlike tidal waves they are not caused by changes in the tides．
They are also most common around the edge of the Pacific，where more than half of the world’s volcanoes are found．These fast moving waves can attack coastlines，often with little or no warning．Rocks weighing as much as 20 metric tonnes have been pulled from sea walls and carried l 80m inland．
●Wave Power
Atsunami can have a wavelength in excess of(超過)1 00km and there may be an hour between them．They travel at great speeds across an ocean with hardly any energy losses and are barely noticeable out at sea．
Over the deep Pacific Ocean，a tsunami travels at about 800kph．If an earthquake happened in Los Angeles．a(chǎn) tsunami could hit Tokyo quicker than you could fly between the cities by jet．
●Strange Animal Behaviors
Ten days before giant waves slammed into Sri Lanka and India coastlines，wild and domestic(家養(yǎng)的) animals seemed to know what was about to happen and fled(逃跑)to safety．
Elephants screamed and ran for higher ground．
Dogs refused to go outdoors．
Zoo animals rushed into their shelters and could not be enticed(引誘)to come back out．
小題1:.．What does the first part of the passage mainly tell us?
A．The great speed of a tsunami．
B．The number of deaths caused by a tsunami．
C．The countries which were struck by a tsunami．
D．The serious destruction caused by the great power of a tsunaml．
小題2:.．All the following can cause a tsunami except
A．changes of the tidesB．volcanic eruptions
C．collision of meteoritesD．earthquakes
小題3:.．Which of the following is a characteristic of a tsunami?
A．Having a lot of small waves linked together．
B．The waves of a tsunami travel extremely fast．
C．The waves of a tsunami can be found in the distance．
D．The power of the waves becomes stronger and stronger as a tsunami travels．

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