Question

The traditional distinction between products that satisfy needs and those that satisfy wants is no longer adequate to describe classes of products. In today’s prosperous societies, the distinction has become unclear because so many wants have been turned into needs. A writer, for instance, can work with paper and pencils. These are legal needs for the task. But the work can be done more quickly and efficiently with a word processor. Thus a computer is soon viewed as a need rather than a want.
In the field of marketing, consumer goods are classed according to the way in which they are purchased. The two main classes are convenience goods and shopping goods. Two lesser types are specialty goods and unsought(主動提供的) goods. It must be emphasized that all of these types are based on the way shoppers think about products, not on the nature of the products themselves. What is regarded as a convenience item in France (wine, for example) should be a specialty goods in the United States.
People do not spend a great deal of time shopping for such convenience items as groceries, newspapers, toothpaste, aspirin, and candy. The buying of convenience goods may be done routinely, as some families buy groceries once a week. Such regularly purchased items are called staples. Sometimes convenience products are bought without enough thinking; someone has a sudden desire for an ice cream sundae(圣代) on a hot day. Or they may be purchased as emergency items.
Shopping goods are items for which customers search. They compare prices, quality, and styles, and may visit a number of stores before making a decision. Buying an automobile is often done this way.
Shopping goods fall into two classes; those that are recognized as basically the same and those that are regarded as different. Items that are looked upon as basically the same include such things as home appliances, television sets, and automobiles. Having decided on the model desired, the customer is primarily interested in getting the item at the most favorable price. Items regarded as essentially different include clothing, furniture, and dishes. Quality, style and fashion will either take precedence(優(yōu)先) over price, or they will not matter at all.
小題1:It can be learned from the first paragraph that ______. 

A．a(chǎn) writer needs a word processor

B．needs and wants can’t be separated clearly

C．the way to distinguish the products is unimportant

D．a(chǎn) computer is a need rather than a want

小題2:The example of wine is used to illustrate that ______.

A．goods are classified differently in different countries

B．the types of the product lie on the people rather than its nature

C．Frenchmen often drink but Americans sometimes do

D．one product may belong to many types

小題3:Staples are items that ______.  

A．a(chǎn)re convenient to purchase

B．a(chǎn)re purchased without enough thinking

C．people “want but don’t need”

D．people are in constant need of

小題4:Shopping goods that are considered as basically the same are those that ______.   

A．consumers don’t care where to buy them

B．consumers spend much time searching for

C．satisfy similar needs of the consumer

D．can be found in nearly every shop

Answer 1

小題1:B
小題2:B
小題3:D
小題4:C

試題分析：文章介紹在當(dāng)今物質(zhì)繁榮的社會，滿足人們需要和需求的商品之間的區(qū)別已經(jīng)變得模糊，購買類商品分為兩類：一類是大體上被認為是一致的；一類是被認為不一致的。
小題1:推理判斷題 根據(jù)第一段第二句...the distinction has become blurred because so many wants have been turned into needs.可知，第一段主要是闡述"需求和需要不能被清楚地區(qū)分開來"，故選B
小題2:推理判斷題 第二段說到，It must be emphasized that all of these types ...not on the nature of the products themselves，接下來，就以wine為例加以說明，因此B）"產(chǎn)品類型取決于人，而不是產(chǎn)品的本質(zhì)"為最佳答案。選B
小題3:細節(jié)題：從第三段的句子：Such regularly purchased items are called staples.可知Samples指的是人們不斷的需求的商品，D正確。
小題4:推理判斷題 根據(jù)第五段首句及第二句Items that are looked upon as basically the same include...，該句中的item就是指第一句提到的shopping goods，我們可以知道，基本一樣的購買類商品就是指人們都可能需要的諸如家具、電視機之類的商品，因此是迎合顧客類似需求的商品"，選C