平遙中學(xué)08-09學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期三月質(zhì)檢

化學(xué)試題

梁彩霞

相對原子質(zhì)量：  H 1  N 14   C 12   O 16     Cl 35.5    Ca40

一：選擇題：(每小題只有一個答案正確，將答案填入答題卡。每題3分共54分)

1．下列有機物的命名正確的是                                  (    )

    A. 1,2─二甲基戊烷              B. 2─乙基戊烷

    C. 3,4─二甲基戊烷              D. 3─甲基己烷

2、能使高錳酸鉀溶液褪色，也能使溴水褪色的是（   ）

A.聚乙烯      B.乙烯        C.苯       D.分餾汽油

3．下列反應(yīng)的生成物為純凈物的是                                  (   )

       A. CH₄和Cl₂光照             B.CH₃ CH₂B_rCH₂CH₃在苛性鈉的醇溶液中加熱

C. 乙醇和濃H₂SO₄共熱            D. 乙烯和氯化氫加成

4.用分液漏斗可以分離的一組混合物是

A、溴苯和水        B、苯和液溴     C、溴乙烷和乙醇   D、乙醇和水

5．有三種不同的基團，分別為－X、?Y、?Z，若同時分別取代苯環(huán)上的三個氫原子,能生成的同分異構(gòu)體數(shù)目是                                   (   )

       A. 10                           B. 8                             C. 6                             D. 4

6．下列各組混合氣體中，比乙烯含碳量高的是                             (   )

       A. 甲烷和丙烯                      B. 乙烷和丁烯

      C. 環(huán)丙烷與丙烯                    D. 丙烯與丙炔

7．質(zhì)量為mg的銅絲，在空氣中燃燒變黑，趁熱立即分別放入下列物質(zhì)中，能使銅絲質(zhì)量小于為mg 的是

A．鹽酸        B．CO          C． Na O H 溶液      D．C₂H₅OH

8．2001年9月1日將執(zhí)行國家食品衛(wèi)生標準規(guī)定，醬油中3－氯丙醇(ClCH₂CH₂CH₂OH)含量不得超過1ppm．相對分子質(zhì)量為94．5的氯丙醇(不含結(jié)構(gòu))共有

A．2種        B．３種　　　�。茫�４種　　�。模�５種

9．下列物質(zhì)中屬于同系物的是

①CH₃CH₂Cl       ②CH₂==CHCl      ③CH₃CH₂CH₂Cl     ④CH₂ClCH₂Cl 

⑤CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃  ⑥CH₃CH(CH₃)₂

A．①②           B．①④           C．①③         D．⑤⑥

10．既能發(fā)生消去反應(yīng)，又能氧化成醛的物質(zhì)是

　A．甲醇　　　              B．２，２－二甲基－１－丁醇　　

C．２－甲基－２－丁醇　　　　D．2－甲基－１－丁醇　

11．某有機物的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式為，則該物質(zhì)不能發(fā)生的反應(yīng)有

A．加成反應(yīng)     B．消去反應(yīng)      C．取代反應(yīng)       D．加聚反應(yīng)

12．對右圖所示分子的描述不正確的是（ ）

A．該物質(zhì)的分子式為

B．該物質(zhì)所有氫原子不可能在同一平面上

C．該物質(zhì)屬于烷烴

D．該物質(zhì)的一氯代物有3種

13、某烴結(jié)構(gòu)式如下：－C≡C－CH＝CH－CH₃，有關(guān)其結(jié)構(gòu)說法正確的是:

A. 所有原子可能在同一平面上      B. 所有原子可能在同一條直線上

C. 所有碳原子可能在同一平面上    D. 所有氫原子可能在同一平面上

14。．某學(xué)生將1―氯乙烷與NaOH溶液共熱幾分鐘后，冷卻，滴入AgNO₃溶液，結(jié)果未見到白色沉淀生成，其主要原因是

A．加熱時間太短                       B．不應(yīng)冷卻后再加入AgNO₃溶液

C．加AgNO₃溶液前未用稀HNO₃酸化    D．反應(yīng)后的溶液中不存在Cl^－

15．10 mL某種烴，在50 mL O₂中充分燃燒，得液態(tài)水和體積為35 mL的混合氣體(所有氣體體積在同溫同壓下測定)，則該烴是 ：                           （ ）

A．乙烷         B．丙烷        C．乙烯         D．丙炔

16.下列分子式表示的物質(zhì)一定是純凈物的是

(A)  C₅H₁₂        (B)  C₇H₈          (C)C₄H₈            (D)C₂H₄Cl₂

17．下列化合物沸點比較錯誤的是                                                               （    ）

       A．丙烷＞乙烷＞甲烷                             B．正戊烷＞異戊烷＞新戊烷

C．鄰二甲苯＞間二甲苯＞對二甲苯   D．對二甲苯＞鄰二甲苯＞間二甲苯

１8．要鑒別己烯中是否混有少量甲苯，正確的實驗方法是     　 （　　）

   A．先加足量的酸性高錳酸鉀溶液，然后再加入溴水

   B．先加足量溴水，然后再加入酸性高錳酸鉀溶液

   C．點燃這種液體，然后再觀察火焰的顏色

D．加入濃硫酸與濃硝酸后加熱

二：填空題：（20分）

19．某烷烴的結(jié)構(gòu)為：                                  它的名稱是

_______________________________________（2分）

20．（8分）分別完全燃燒等質(zhì)量的CH₄、C₂H₄、C₆H₆，生成水最多的是 _______； 需要氧氣最多的是_________；生成CO₂最多的是_______。在120℃時，燃燒后氣體體積增大的是_________

21．（6分）某烴的相對分子質(zhì)量為114，該烴的分子式為__________；它的主鏈碳原子數(shù)最少且其一氯代物只有一種的烴的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式為____________；其一種同分異構(gòu)體對應(yīng)的烯烴只有兩種，則此異構(gòu)體的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式為_____________。

22．（4分）新合成的一種烴，其碳架呈三棱柱體（如圖所示）

（1）寫出該烴的分子式                         。

（2）該烴的一氯取代物是否有同分異構(gòu)體          。

（3）該烴的二氯取代物有多少種                  。

（4）該烴的同分異構(gòu)體有多種，其中1種不能使酸性高錳酸鉀溶液或Br₂-CCl₄溶液褪色，但在一定條件下能跟溴（或H₂）發(fā)生取代（或加成）反應(yīng)，這種同分異構(gòu)體的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式是

                                。

三推斷題

23．(14分)從丙醇合成丙三醇，可采用四步反應(yīng)：

丙醇丙烯A1，2，3－三氯丙烷丙三醇

已知：CH₂＝CHCH₃＋C1₂ CH₂C1CHC1CH₃

CH₂＝CHCH₃＋C1₂ CH₂＝CHCH₂C1＋HC1

（1）寫出①~④各步反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式，并分別注明其反應(yīng)類型：

①         　　　　　　　　                          ；                 。

②                       　　　　　　　　            ；                 。

③                     　　　　　　　　              ；                 。

④                      　　　　　　　　             ；                 。

（2）如果所用丙醇中混有異丙醇（），對所制丙烯的純度是否有影響？簡要說明理由＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿丙醇所含的官能團的名稱__________

四：實驗題：

24．(8分)電石中的碳化鈣和水能完全反應(yīng)：

              CaC₂＋2H₂O＝C₂H₂­＋Ca(OH)₂

使反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的氣體排水，測量排出水的體積，可計算出標準狀況乙炔的體積比，從而可測定電石中碳化鈣的含量。

       (1) 若用下列儀器和導(dǎo)管組裝實驗裝置：

如果所制氣體流向從左向右時，上述儀器和導(dǎo)管從左到右直接連接的順序(填各儀器、導(dǎo)管的序號)是______接_______接______接______接_______接_______。

       (2) 儀器連接好后，進行實驗時，有下列操作(每項操作只進行一次)：

       ① 稱取一定量電石，置于儀器3中，塞緊橡皮塞。

       ② 檢查裝置的氣密性。

       ③ 在儀器6和5中注入適量水。

       ④ 待儀器3恢復(fù)到室溫時，量取儀器4中水的體積(導(dǎo)管2中的水忽略不計)。

       ⑤ 慢慢開啟儀器6的活塞，使水逐滴滴下，至不發(fā)生氣體時，關(guān)閉活塞。

       正確的操作順序(用操作編號填寫)是                         。

       (3) 若實驗產(chǎn)生的氣體有難聞的味，且測定結(jié)果偏大，這是因為氣體中含有__________雜質(zhì)。

       (4) 若實驗時稱取的電石為1.60 g，測量排出水的體積后，折算成標準狀況乙炔的體積為448 mL，此電石中碳化鈣的百分含量是________%。

五：計算題

25．（4分）某有機物3克，燃燒后只生成3.6克的水和3.36LCO₂。（標準狀況）。該有機物的蒸汽對氫氣的相對密度為30。求：

⑴該有機物的分子式＿＿＿＿＿　

(2)若有機物與鈉反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生氫氣，寫出它可能的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式＿＿＿＿＿

試題詳情

平遙中學(xué)08-09學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期三月質(zhì)檢

英語試題

滿分150分，時間120分鐘 ； 命題人： 王曉瑋

第一卷

第一部分：單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）

從A、B、C、 D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項.

1．       person like him won’t be satisfied with       little progress that he has made.

A．The；a            B．The；／           C．A：／                D．A：the

2．-----You just think of yourself! You kept me waiting for at least three hours．

----- I am sorry that you ________ think so．

    A．should      B．would      C．migh t        D．could

3．----- What do you think of the furniture on exhibition?

    ----- Well，great! But I don’t think much of__________ you bought．

A．the one     B．it      C．that       D．which

4．------Did Alice enjoy the concert held in Xi Yuan Theater yesterday?

    ------Yes．she did．She ________ such an excellent concert for a long time．

    A．didn’t take part in    B．wouldn’t take   in

    C．hasn’t been in       D．hadn’t been in

5．I’m sorry，but I didn’t see how we can get all this work you assigned_______ by next Tuesday．

    A．having done    B．done    C．being done   D．to do

6．They have _____ most carefully the time and money needed to complete the project.

  A．picked out            B．left out              C．figured out            D．taken out

7.This kind of cloth _______ well. I think it is worthy ________.

A. washes; buying              B. is washed; buying 

C. washes; to be bought        D. is washed; to be bought

8．Have you got any explanation to the question________ he came here for the day before yesterday?

    A．why          B．what          C．how          D．which

9. Christmas is a holiday usually celebrated on December 25th ____ the birth of Jesus Christ.         

A. in charge of      B. in terms of      C. in favor of       D. in honor of

10. These problems,____ will seriously affect the growth of teenagers and even the nation's future.    

A. not if solved properly            B. if solved properly

C. not if properly solved            D. if not solved properly

11. --- “I’m afraid I can’t finish the magazine within the required time.”

  --- “          .”

       A．Please go ahead                            B．That’s right

       C．Not at all                                     D．Take your time

12. It’s _____ me why Alice, aged 28, gave up her job and got married to a man of 62.

 A. under           B. above          C. beyond          D. over

13. ------The English exam is not difficult, is it?

  ------ ______, even Tom ______ to the top students failed in it.

 A. Yes, belongs     B. No, belonged    C. Yes, belonging   D. No, belonging

14．$100 a month could hardly      the cost of his life in such a big city in this country.

A．cover                  B．a(chǎn)fford                 C．include               D．contain

15. -----How ____feel to be home again after 20 years abroad ?

------Exciting .

A . do you            B. does that              C. did you                D. does it 

第二部分：完形填空 (共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)

       閱讀下列短文，掌握其大意，從短文后每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案。

第二節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）

       閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16-36 各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該選項標號涂黑。

   That which cometh from the heart goes to the heart.-------- Jeremiah Burroughs   

   I was working as a consultant(someone whose job is to give advice on a particular subject) in a beer company, helping the president and senior vice-presidents formulate(develop something) and implement(take action) their new strategic vision. It was a big  16 .

   At the same time, my mother was in the final stages of cancer.

   I worked during the day and drove 40 miles home to be with her every night. It was 17  and stressful, but it was 18  I wanted to do. My promise was to continue to do excellent consulting during the day, 19  my evenings were very hard. I didn’t want to 20  the president with my situation, yet I felt someone at the company needed to know what was  21 on. So I told the vice-president of Human Resources, asking him not to share the information 22 anyone.

   A few days 23 , the president called me into his office. I 24 he wanted to talk to me about one of the many issues we were 25 . When I entered, he asked me to  26  . He faced me from across his large desk, 27  me in the eye and said, “I hear your mother is very ill.”

   I was  28   caught by surprise and burst into 29  He just looked at me, let my crying die down, and then  30 said a sentence I will never forget: “ 31  you need.”

   That was it. His 32  and his willingness to both let me be in my pain  33  to offer me everything were  34  of compassion（同情）that I carry with me  35  this day.

16. A. work

B. challenge

C. employment

D. career

17. A. interesting

B. exciting

C. tiring

D. annoying

18. A. that

B. what

C. which

D. where

19. A. even though

B. even if

C. what’s more

D. as if

20. A. worry

B. disappoint

C. bother

D. excuse

21. A. happening

B. doing

C. keeping

D. going

22. A. with

B. in

C. on

D. at

23. A. after

B. later

C. in

D. before

24. A. hoped

B. expected

C. figured

D. wished

25. A. working on

B. studying

C. engaging

D. involving

26. A. stand up

B. sit down

C. go away

D. settle down

27. A. watched

B. stared at

C. glared at

D. looked

28. A. directly

B. slightly

C. totally

D. carefully

29. A. tears

B. laughing

C. crying

D. laughter

30. A. angrily

B. gently

C. gladly

D. hurriedly

31. A. However

B. What

C. Nothing

D. Whatever

32. A. understanding

B. courage

C. bravery

D. appreciation

33. A. or

B. and

C. but

D. so

34. A. spirits

B. strength

C. encouragement

D. qualities

35. A. by

B. until

C. to

D. till

第三部分：閱讀理解（每題3分, 滿分60分）

閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

A

218 Chestnut Street　
　　Philadelphia, PA28774
　　May 7th, 2002
　　Social Security Administration
　　2119 Main Street
　　Philadelphia, PA28000

Dear Social Security,
　　I am applying for a new Social Security Card.
　　I lost my old one last week. I was walking home from the subway station, and I pulled a tissue （紙巾）out of my pocket and lost my wallet at the same time. My card was in my wallet. Please send me a new card. If you can get the card to me within two weeks, please sent it to the address at the top of the page. If it will take longer than this, then you will have to send it to my new address. I am moving on May 23rd to:
　　103 Walnut Street
　　Philadelphia, PA28445
　　If you can send my new card within two weeks, I would be very pleased. I am applying for a new job at Ventura Savings Bank, and I know they will want to have my Social Security Number. Unfortunately I have forgotten it, so I will need my card to find out. On my old card I was called Victoria Matthews. Since then I have gotten married. Please issue my new card in my married name: Victoria Villata. In case you need more information about me to hunt down my old number, my date of birth was September 11, 1985. Thank you very much.
　　Sincerely
　　Victoria Villata n

36.Why does Mrs. Villata need a new Social Security Card?
　　A. She is moving.
　　B. She lost the old one.
　　C. She has just gotten married.
　　D. She doesn’t remember her Social Security Number.
  37.Why does Mrs. Villata give the Social Security Administration her date of birth?
　　A. She wants them to know how old she is.
　　B. She is afraid they may have lost her Social Security Card.
　　C. She thinks it will help them track down her Social Security Number.
　　D. She thinks that the older she is, the more Social Security she will get.
　38.Which part of Victoria Villata’s letter is LEAST important to the Social                 Security Administration?
　　A. The fact that she has changed her name.
　　B. The fact that her card should be mailed to a new address.
　　C. The fact that she needs a replacement Social Security Card.
　　D. The fact that she lost her wallet while pulling a tissue out of her pocket.

　　                              B

Dr Wiseman started “the laugh lab” project in September 2001. It is the largest study of humour. Participants（參加者）are invited to log on to the laugh lab website, give a few personal details, tell their favourite jokes and judge the jokes told by other people.
　　The project will last for a year, and the organizers hope to finally discover the world’s funniest joke. But there is also a serious purpose. The researches want to know what people from different nations and cultures find funny. And they want to find out the differences between the male and female sense of humour. The idea is that if we want to understand each other, we have to find out what makes us laugh.
　　This is a subject that has long interested psychologists（心理學(xué)家）and philosophers（哲學(xué)家）. Most of the time, people are not completely honest. We do things that society expects us to and say things that help us get what we want. But laughing cannot be controlled. When we laugh, we tell the truth about ourselves.
　　By December 2001 over 10, 000 jokes had been submitted. This gave the scientists enough evidence （證據(jù)）to make early conclusions. It seems that men and women do have different senses of humour, for instance.
　　“Our findings show the major differences in the ways in which males and females use humour, ” said Dr.　Wiseman. “Males use humour to appear superior（優(yōu)越）to others, while women are more skilled in languages and prefer word play. ”
　　Researchers also found that there really is such a thing as a national sense of humour. the British enjoy what is usually called “toilet humour”. But the French like their jokes short and sharp: “You’re a high priced lawyer. Will you answer two questions for  500?” “Yes. What’s the second question?”
　　The Germans are famous for not having a sense of humour. But the survey found that German participants were more likely to find submitted jokes funny than any other nationality. Perhaps that proves the point. Is this joke funny? I don’t know, but let’s say yes, just to be safe.
　　Dr Wiseman and his workmates also submitted jokes created by computer. But none of those who took part in the survey found any of them amusing. Perhaps this is relief. Computers already seem like they can do everything. At least they should leave the funny stuff to us.
　　39．Scientist started“ the laugh lab” project________
　　A. to find the funniest joke in European countries
　　B. to know what funny people are from different nations and cultures
　　C. to find out the differences between the male and female sense of humour
　　D. to get more personal details about participants
　　40．We can infer from the passage that________.
　　A. most of the people all over he world are completely honest
　　B. psychologists and philosophers take interest in the “l(fā)augh lab” project
　　C. ordinary people are not interested in “the laugh lab” project at all
　　D. people tell the truth about themselves only when they laugh
　　41．What is the main idea of the 4th and 5th paragraph?
　　A. Man and woman have different senses of humour.
　　B. male and female have similar senses of humour.
　　C. About 10, 000 jokes have been submitted from September 2001 to December 2001.
　　D. Scientists have collected enough evidence to make conclusions.
　　42．The writer gave the examples of the British, the French and the Germans________.
　　A. to show that French people have a better sense of humour
　　B. to prove the British people have a sense of “toilet humour”
　　C. to show people from different nations have different senses of humour
　　D. to prove that the Germans have no sense of humour
　　43．Which statement is true according to the passage?
　　A. The jokes by computer are less funny than those by humans.
　　B. The Germans cannot find the submitted jokes amusing.
　　C. Males are better at word play compared with women.
　　D. Females like to use humour to show that they are superior.

Several days ago, a Beijing - based IT company fired about 400 people overnight. No one had expected the job cuts, which broke with traditional ways of letting go of workers in China. Moreover, what was special about this case was that the day before the 400 were fired, they all received from their boss a gift - the book “Who Moved My Cheese?”.
　　The book - a bestseller in the US - is being used by men and women to deal with changes in their lives and work. Some large organizations, including Coca- Cola, Kodak and General Motors, ask their employees to read it in order to encourage them to be active towards changes.
　　Cheese is something related to everyone’s livelihood - our jobs, the industries we work in, relationships and love as well.
　　With China’s official entry into WTO, the whole nation will face up to more changes and challenges. So what should we do once this “cheese” on which we are so dependent is moved?
　　“Whatever challenges and changes we meet, we should face up to them bravely” Jiang Hengwei, a civil servant said after reading the book.
　　Professor Yang in Renmin University of China agrees. “We should change our way of thinking. The coming competitive foreign companies and products provide us with great chances to learn from them and improve our own products to meet international standards and be more competitive.”
　　“With hard work and wisdom, we will create a much larger and better piece of cheese. ”Zhang smiled confidently.
　　44．The whole passage is about________.
　　A. a bestseller in the US
　　B. what people think about China’s entry into the WTO
　　C. people’s attitude toward changes and challenges
　　D. how a book influences the Chinese workers
　　45．The company in Beijing gave each of the 400 fired workers a copy of “Who Moved My Cheese” in order to________.
　　A. be more competitive with foreign firms
　　B. find an excuse for their job cuts
　　C. let the workers make a living on their own
　　D. encourage the fired workers
　　46．The word “cheese”in the passage can refer to________.
　　A. something we depend on for a living
　　B. a most important kind of food
　　C. change or challenge
　　D. way of life
　　47．From what Hengwei and Professor Zhang Yang said, we can know that________.
　　A. they have different opinions on changes and challenges
　　B. people are not afraid of competition from foreign companies
　　C. the Chinese people are ready to face any changes and challenges
　　D. they are both greatly encouraged by the book

D

If you don’t want people to know too much about you, then you had better keep your fridge contents secret according to a British market research document released last week.

    Researchers peered (凝視) into the fridges of 400 people in Britain and compared the contents with the owners’ lifestyles. They claim to be able to classify the nation’s people by fridge contents.

    They say those people can be separated into five categories："nutrition nerds (no social sense)", "food faddies (whatever’s in style)", "martyr mums", "fast food fanatics" and "restaurant regulars".

    "Nutrition nerds" care much about what they put into their bodies. Their fridges are stocked with fruit, vegetables and healthy meat.

    People in this category tend to be highly organized and usually work in law or accountancy. The vast majority are single, but if they have a partner, that person will be similar.

    A fridge full of vitamins ― enriched juices implies its owner works in media or fashion. They tend not to eat the foods they buy. Known as the "food faddies", they just want to be seen as purchasing the latest important things.

    A fridge filled with everything from steak to frozen fish suggests the "martyr mum". Her fridge tends to be stocked with every kind of product, except what she herself would want. This fridge hints at difficulty balancing family and work life.

    "Fast food fanatics" always buy mineral water for soda pop; the nearest they will get to fresh fruit is tomato sauce. Their fridges hint at someone who works hard and plays hard. Also, someone who is not into long term planning.

    Finally, a fridge filled with nothing more than a bottle of white wine and some sparkling mineral water implies an owner who is single, lives in a big city and enjoys the finer things in life. The fridge is empty because this person regularly eats in restaurants.

48．We can know from the first two paragraphs that ______.

   A．some researchers are fond of staring at other people’s fridges

   B．people don’t want others to know about their secrets

   C．the food you put in the fridge has something to do with your personality

   D．there are mainly five kinds of lifestyles among British people

49．According to the passage, people who belong to "food faddies" ______.

   A．don’t care much about money when buying things

   B．will try their best to stay healthy

   C．often stay up late to finish their job

   D．prefer to ask others about what to do next

50．What will those who often dine out put in the fridge?

   A．All kinds of food they like.                  B．Only something to drink.

   C．Fruit, vegetables and meat.                  D．Food rich in vitamins.

51．What might be the most suitable title for the text?

   A．Keep your fridge a secret                     B．You are what’s in your fridge

   C．What to put in the fridge?                    D．Be careful about your fridge

E

Botany, the study of plants, plays a strange role in the history of human knowledge. For many thousands of years it was one field about which humans had little knowledge. It is impossible to know today just what our Stone Age Ancestors knew about plants, but from what we can observe of preindustrial societies that still exists, a detailed learning of plants and their properties（特征）must be very ancient. This is reasonable. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants. They have always been greatly important to the good of peoples, not only for food, but also for clothing, weapons, tools, medicines, housing, and a great many other purposes. Tribes(部落)living today in the woods of the Amazon recognize hundreds of plants and know many properties of each. To them botany, as such, has no name and is probably not even recognized as a special branch of knowledge at all.

Unfortunately, the more industrialized we become the farther away we move from direct relation with plants, and the less clear our knowledge of botany grows. Yet everyone comes unconsciously on a surprising amount of botanical knowledge, and few people will fail to recognize a rose or an apple. When our New Stone Age ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10 000 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer production the next season, the first great step in a new connection of plants and humans was taken. Grains were discovered and from them flowed the marvel of agriculture: planted crops. From then on, humans would increasingly take their living from the controlled production of a few plants, rather than getting a little here and a little there from many varieties that grew wild and the collected knowledge of tens of thousands of years of experience and close relations with plants in the wild would begin to disappear.

52. Which of the following assumptions（假設(shè)）about early humans is expressed in the passage?

A. They probably had wide knowledge of plants.

B. They clearly divided knowledge into separate fields

C. They did not enjoy the study of botany.

D. They placed great importance on ownership of property.

53.According to the passage, why has general knowledge of botany decreased?

A.     People no longer value plants as a useful resource.

B.      Botany is not recognized as a special branch of science.

C.      Research is unable to keep up with the increasing number of plants.

D.     Direct relation with a variety of plants has decreased.

54.In paragraph 2, the underlined word “marvel” is closest in meaning to _____.

   A. edge      B. sign      C. beginning      D. wonder

55. According to the passage, what was the first great step toward the practice of agriculture?

A.     The invention of agriculture tools and machines.

B.      The development of a system of names for plants.

C.      The discovery of grasses that could be harvested and replanted.

D.     The changing food of early humans.

第II卷（共35分）

第四部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）

第一節(jié) 短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）

       此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。對標有題號的每一行作出判斷：如無錯誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個勾（√）；如有錯誤（每行只有一個錯誤），則按下列情況改正：此行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。此行缺一個詞；在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。

此行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。

注意：原行沒有錯誤的不要改。

This city changed a lot in the past five years. First,           56.____________

more high buildings have appeared, that are modem and          57____________

beautiful. Many overpasses have set up, so it is very                         58.____________

convenient for people to travel. However, many families                59.____________

have cars of their own. The people's life there has                       60.____________

become richly and colorful. People can enjoy themselves               61.____________

travel on holidays. To my delight, I can taste delicious                   62.____________

food of different country such as the food of America                   63.____________

and Japan. And it's much more easier for me to keep                     64.____________

in touch with you, for I can e-mail you in my office.                          65.____________

第二節(jié) 書面表達（滿分25分）

假如你叫李華，是某農(nóng)村中學(xué)的學(xué)生。你校打算在教室里面安裝空調(diào)，讓學(xué)生討論。請根據(jù)下表中討論的結(jié)果，給校長寫封信。

贊成觀點

反對觀點

你的觀點

空調(diào)冬暖夏涼

優(yōu)化學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境

家庭條件好了

支付得起費用

裝空調(diào)會污染環(huán)境

產(chǎn)生噪音影響學(xué)習(xí)

增加學(xué)生經(jīng)濟負擔

有的家庭負擔不起

不同意裝空調(diào)，并給出你的理由：

①……

②……

③……

注意： 1．信的格式已經(jīng)為你寫好，不計人總詞數(shù)。

2．詞數(shù)：120詞以上。

3．參考詞匯：install air-conditioners

Dear headmaster,

With best wishes!

                                                                                           Yours,

Li Hua

英語答題卡

改錯

書面表達

總分

第四部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）

第一節(jié) 短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）

       此題要求改正所給短文中的錯誤。對標有題號的每一行作出判斷：如無錯誤，在該行右邊橫線上畫一個勾（√）；如有錯誤（每行只有一個錯誤），則按下列情況改正：此行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。此行缺一個詞；在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。

此行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。

注意：原行沒有錯誤的不要改。

This city changed a lot in the past five years. First,           56.____________

more high buildings have appeared, that are modem and          57____________

beautiful. Many overpasses have set up, so it is very                         58.____________

convenient for people to travel. However, many families                59.____________

have cars of their own. The people's life there has                       60.____________

become richly and colorful. People can enjoy themselves               61.____________

travel on holidays. To my delight, I can taste delicious                   62.____________

food of different country such as the food of America                   63.____________

and Japan. And it's much more easier for me to keep                     64.____________

in touch with you, for I can e-mail you in my office.                          65.____________

Dear headmaster,

With best wishes!

                                                                                           Yours,

Li Hua

附加題

單選

1. To his disappointment, the opinion he had stuck _____ out wrong.

A. to turn    B. to turning    C. to turned    D. to be turned

2. ---What should I do with this passage?

--- ____ the main idea of each paragraph.

A. Finding out    B. Found out   C. To find out   D. Find out

3. The part that China     in the international affairs     in international society.

      A. played; is widely praised            B. played; is wide praised

      C. takes; widely praised                  D. takes; wide praised

4._____ the Internet is bridging the distance between people , it may also be breaking some homes or will cause other family problems.

A. When       B. If        C. As        D. While

5. The key _____ English well is to read more when _____.

A. to learn, possible               B. of learning, possibly

   C. of learning, was possible         D. to learning, possible

6.      is known to us all is that America is a developed country      the First World.

A. Which；belonged    B. As； belonging to 

C. What；belonging to   D. It； belonging

7.It is ____ you behave in time of difficulty that shows what you are really like．

       A．how                B．which              C．that                 D．where

8．In the recent coal mine accident, only 24 miners were rescued, and 29 were left     

underground.

A．to be trapped       B．trapped               C being trapped        D．trapping

9.Because he believed he was innocent(無罪的), he went to the police station with his head_____ high.

  A. holding        B. being held       C. to hold            D. held

10. ― Good morning, sir. Can I help you?

   ― I’d like a barbecue together with a cup of orange juice. How much do you _______?

   A. pay                    B. offer                        C. charge                           D. owe

閱讀

Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self- respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as "honor" help you create this life of good feelings.

      Here's an example to show how honorable actions create happiness.

     Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent, and profit from the clerk's mistake, we would drive home with a sense of sneaky excitement. Later we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune. On the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.

     Then, what is it to do with our sense of happiness?

     In the first case, where we don't tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate that we cannot lie trusted, since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast, bringing the error to the clerk's attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased.  Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility.

     There is a beautiful positive cycle that is created by living a life of honorable actions. Honorable thoughts lead to honorable actions. Honorable actions lead us to a happier existence. And it's easy to think and act honorably again when we're happy. While the positive cycle can be difficult to start, once it's started, it's easy to continue. Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness.

1. According to the passage, the positive action in the example contributes to our

A. self-respect                    B. financial rewards

C. advertising ability              D. friendly relationship

2. The author thinks that keeping silent about the uncharged item is equal to___.

A. lying         B. stealing         C. cheating        D. advertising

3. The phrase "bringing the error to the clerk's attention" (in para. 5) means___.

A. telling the truth to the clerk               B. offering advice to the clerk

C. asking the clerk to be more attentive

D. reminding the clerk of the charged item

4. How will we feel if we let the clerk know her mistake?

A. We'll be very excited.                 B. We'll feel unfortunate.

C. We'll have a sense of honor.            D. We'll feel sorry for the clerk.

5. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage.*

A. How to Live Truthfully                  B. Importance of Peacefulness

C. Ways of Gaining Self-respect             D. Happiness through Honorable Actions

答案

單選;   1-15   DACDB   CCBDD   DCCAD

完形： 16-20 BCBAC  21-25 DABCA   26-30 BDCAB    31-35 DABDC

閱讀   36-55   BCDCB    ACACD   ACCAB    BADDC

短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）

This city ∧ changed a lot in the past five years. First,                    56.     has    

more high buildings have appeared, that are modem and                        57.     which  

beautiful. Many overpasses have ∧set up, so it is very                           58.     been   

convenient for people to travel. However, many families                     59.    Besides  

have cars of their own. The people's life there has                                   60.     here    

become richly and colorful. People can enjoy themselves                     61.     rich    

travel on holidays. To my delight, I can taste delicious                               62.    traveling 

food of different country such as the food of America                               63.    countries 

and Japan. And it's much more easier for me to keep                          64.     more   

in touch with you, for I can e-mail you in my office.                               65.      √    

書面表達：

Dear headmaster,

Knowing that our school is going to install air-conditioners, the students of our class had a heated discussion. Some students are for the plan while others are against it.

Students who are for the plan think that air-conditioners can make us comfortable both in summer and in winter. Besides, their families are well off and can afford the cost.

But other students think that air-conditioners can make the environment get worse, and air-conditioners will make a lot of noise which will have a bad effect on their studies. Meanwhile, installing air-conditioners will increase their economic burden.

In my opinion, I don’t agree to install air-conditioners. We are students, so we should pay much more attention to our study instead of seeking so-called comfortable conditions What’s more, the most important thing is that we should protect our environment as well.

With best wishes.

                                                                                           Yours,

Li Hua

附加題：CDADD     CABAC

試題詳情

平遙中學(xué)08-09學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期三月質(zhì)檢

生物試題

考試時間為90分鐘，試題總分100分   命題人：郝建明

試題詳情

平遙中學(xué)08-09學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期三月質(zhì)檢

物理試題

命題人:雷宏雄

試題詳情

平遙中學(xué)08-09學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期三月質(zhì)檢

數(shù) 學(xué) 試 題(文、理)

本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分.

本試題滿分共分．考試時間分鐘．命題人:雷聲達.

第I卷（分）

、選擇題（本題共12小題，每題5分，共分，在每小題給出的四個選項中，只有一項是符合題目要求的，請將正確選項填在答卷紙的相應(yīng)位置上.）

1.     下列命題中正確的是（  ）

（A）四棱柱是平行六面體            （B）直平行六面體是長方體

(C)六個面都是矩形的六面體是長方體 （D）底面是矩形的四棱柱是長方體

2.     如果一個水平放置的圖形的斜二測直觀圖是一個底角為，腰和上底均為1的等腰梯形，那么原平面圖形的面積是（  ）.

(A)        (B)        （C）         (D)

3.     若正方體的所有頂點都在球面上，則球的體積與正方體體積之比是（  ）.

（A）         (B)          (C)            (D)

4.     已知點A，直線，平面：

① A,A;       ②A,A；

③A， A       ④ A,A

以上命題表述正確的真命題的個數(shù)是（  ）.

（A）0            (B)1              (C)2                  (D)3

5.     給定下列命題：

（1）       若一直線垂直于一個平面，則此直線垂直于平面內(nèi)的所有直線.

（2）       若一直線平行于一個平面,則此直線平行于平面內(nèi)的無數(shù)條直線.

（3）       若一直線與一個平面不垂直,則此直線與平面內(nèi)的直線不垂直.

（4）       若一直線與一個平面不平行,則此直線與平面內(nèi)的直線不平行.

         其中錯誤的命題個數(shù)是(  ).

(A)0            (B)1              (C)2                 (D)3

6.     已知直線平面，直線平面，有下面四個命題：

①∥;②∥;③∥;④∥.

其中正確的兩個命題是（  ）

 （A）①與②        （B）③與④        (C)②與④        （D）①與③。

7.     直三棱柱中，若，，，則(  D).

(A)   （B）   （C）   （D）

8.     已知A，B，C三點吧共線，對平面ABC外的任一點O，下列條件中能確定點M與點A，B, C一定共面的是（  ）.

（A）     (B)

(C)   (D).

9.     若向量同時垂直向量和，向量（），則（  ）.

(A) ∥ (B)  (C) 與 既不平行也不垂直(D)以上三種情況均一可能.

10.  以下四個命題中，正確的是（  ）

(A）若，則,,三點共線

(B)若為空間的一個基底，則構(gòu)成空間的另一個基底

(C)

（D）△   為直角三角形的充要條件是

11.  已知，，∥，則與的值分別為（  ）.

（A）,     (B)，     （C），     （D），

12. 已知球面的三個大圓所在平面兩兩垂直，則以三個大圓的交點為頂點的八面體的體積與球體積之比是(  ).

(A)           (B)       (C)1∶π          (D)

第Ⅱ卷（分）

、填空題（本題共7小題，每小題5分，共分，.）

13.  已知正四棱錐底面外接圓半徑為5cm，斜高為6cm，則棱錐側(cè)面積為_____,體積為____.

14.   兩兩平行的三條直線,最多可確定________個平面，這些平面把空間分成_______部分.

15.   是兩個不同的平面，是平面及之外的兩條不同的直線，給出四個論斷：①   ②   ③   ④.以其中三個為條件，余下的一個論斷作為結(jié)論，寫出你認為正確的一個命題：_________________________________.

16.   若，，，則_______________.

17.   已知G是△的重心,是空間任一點.若,則的值為____________.

18.  已知,則||____________________.

19.   已知向量滿足，，，則____.

、解答題(本大題4小題共55分.解答應(yīng)寫出文字說明，證明過程或演算步驟.)

20.   已知正方體中，點M，N分別是棱與對角線的中的.求證：

（1）;  (2).

21.   已知三棱錐(如圖)，,

，M、N分別是、的中點.求直線MN與AC所成的角余弦值.

22.   已知為直角梯形，,平面，，，求證：平面與平面的夾角的余弦值.

23.   如圖，已知四棱錐，平面；,

是的中點，在上，且，求點到平面的距離.

以下一道題重點班學(xué)生做:

24（30分）兩個非零向量的夾角為.

(1)    如果,那么.試判斷命題的真假,并說明理由.

(2)    當何值時,命題:如果,那么是真命題.

答案：一、CAAAC,DDDBB,AC.

試題詳情

平遙中學(xué)08-09學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期三月質(zhì)檢

化學(xué)試題

梁彩霞

相對原子質(zhì)量：  H 1  N 14   C 12   O 16     Cl 35.5    Ca40

一：選擇題：(每小題只有一個答案正確，將答案填入答題卡。每題3分共54分)

1．下列有機物的命名正確的是                                  (    )

    A. 1,2─二甲基戊烷              B. 2─乙基戊烷

    C. 3,4─二甲基戊烷              D. 3─甲基己烷

2、能使高錳酸鉀溶液褪色，也能使溴水褪色的是（   ）

A.聚乙烯      B.乙烯        C.苯       D.分餾汽油

3．下列反應(yīng)的生成物為純凈物的是                                  (   )

       A. CH₄和Cl₂光照             B.CH₃ CH₂B_rCH₂CH₃在苛性鈉的醇溶液中加熱

C. 乙醇和濃H₂SO₄共熱            D. 乙烯和氯化氫加成

4.用分液漏斗可以分離的一組混合物是

A、溴苯和水        B、苯和液溴     C、溴乙烷和乙醇   D、乙醇和水

5．有三種不同的基團，分別為－X、?Y、?Z，若同時分別取代苯環(huán)上的三個氫原子,能生成的同分異構(gòu)體數(shù)目是                                   (   )

       A. 10                           B. 8                             C. 6                             D. 4

6．下列各組混合氣體中，比乙烯含碳量高的是                             (   )

       A. 甲烷和丙烯                      B. 乙烷和丁烯

      C. 環(huán)丙烷與丙烯                    D. 丙烯與丙炔

7．質(zhì)量為mg的銅絲，在空氣中燃燒變黑，趁熱立即分別放入下列物質(zhì)中，能使銅絲質(zhì)量小于為mg 的是

A．鹽酸        B．CO          C． Na O H 溶液      D．C₂H₅OH

8．2001年9月1日將執(zhí)行國家食品衛(wèi)生標準規(guī)定，醬油中3－氯丙醇(ClCH₂CH₂CH₂OH)含量不得超過1ppm．相對分子質(zhì)量為94．5的氯丙醇(不含結(jié)構(gòu))共有

A．2種        B．３種　　　�。茫�４種　　�。模�５種

9．下列物質(zhì)中屬于同系物的是

①CH₃CH₂Cl       ②CH₂==CHCl      ③CH₃CH₂CH₂Cl     ④CH₂ClCH₂Cl 

⑤CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₃  ⑥CH₃CH(CH₃)₂

A．①②           B．①④           C．①③         D．⑤⑥

10．既能發(fā)生消去反應(yīng)，又能氧化成醛的物質(zhì)是

　A．甲醇　　　              B．２，２－二甲基－１－丁醇　　

C．２－甲基－２－丁醇　　　　D．2－甲基－１－丁醇　

11．某有機物的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式為，則該物質(zhì)不能發(fā)生的反應(yīng)有

A．加成反應(yīng)     B．消去反應(yīng)      C．取代反應(yīng)       D．加聚反應(yīng)

12．對右圖所示分子的描述不正確的是（ ）

A．該物質(zhì)的分子式為

B．該物質(zhì)所有氫原子不可能在同一平面上

C．該物質(zhì)屬于烷烴

D．該物質(zhì)的一氯代物有3種

13、某烴結(jié)構(gòu)式如下：－C≡C－CH＝CH－CH₃，有關(guān)其結(jié)構(gòu)說法正確的是:

A. 所有原子可能在同一平面上      B. 所有原子可能在同一條直線上

C. 所有碳原子可能在同一平面上    D. 所有氫原子可能在同一平面上

14。．某學(xué)生將1―氯乙烷與NaOH溶液共熱幾分鐘后，冷卻，滴入AgNO₃溶液，結(jié)果未見到白色沉淀生成，其主要原因是

A．加熱時間太短                       B．不應(yīng)冷卻后再加入AgNO₃溶液

C．加AgNO₃溶液前未用稀HNO₃酸化    D．反應(yīng)后的溶液中不存在Cl^－

15．10 mL某種烴，在50 mL O₂中充分燃燒，得液態(tài)水和體積為35 mL的混合氣體(所有氣體體積在同溫同壓下測定)，則該烴是 ：                           （ ）

A．乙烷         B．丙烷        C．乙烯         D．丙炔

16.下列分子式表示的物質(zhì)一定是純凈物的是

(A)  C₅H₁₂        (B)  C₇H₈          (C)C₄H₈            (D)C₂H₄Cl₂

17．下列化合物沸點比較錯誤的是                                                               （    ）

       A．丙烷＞乙烷＞甲烷                             B．正戊烷＞異戊烷＞新戊烷

C．鄰二甲苯＞間二甲苯＞對二甲苯   D．對二甲苯＞鄰二甲苯＞間二甲苯

１8．要鑒別己烯中是否混有少量甲苯，正確的實驗方法是     　 （　　）

   A．先加足量的酸性高錳酸鉀溶液，然后再加入溴水

   B．先加足量溴水，然后再加入酸性高錳酸鉀溶液

   C．點燃這種液體，然后再觀察火焰的顏色

D．加入濃硫酸與濃硝酸后加熱

二：填空題：（20分）

19．某烷烴的結(jié)構(gòu)為：                                  它的名稱是

_______________________________________（2分）

20．（8分）分別完全燃燒等質(zhì)量的CH₄、C₂H₄、C₆H₆，生成水最多的是 _______； 需要氧氣最多的是_________；生成CO₂最多的是_______。在120℃時，燃燒后氣體體積增大的是_________

21．（6分）某烴的相對分子質(zhì)量為114，該烴的分子式為__________；它的主鏈碳原子數(shù)最少且其一氯代物只有一種的烴的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式為____________；其一種同分異構(gòu)體對應(yīng)的烯烴只有兩種，則此異構(gòu)體的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式為_____________。

22．（4分）新合成的一種烴，其碳架呈三棱柱體（如圖所示）

（1）寫出該烴的分子式                         。

（2）該烴的一氯取代物是否有同分異構(gòu)體          。

（3）該烴的二氯取代物有多少種                  。

（4）該烴的同分異構(gòu)體有多種，其中1種不能使酸性高錳酸鉀溶液或Br₂-CCl₄溶液褪色，但在一定條件下能跟溴（或H₂）發(fā)生取代（或加成）反應(yīng)，這種同分異構(gòu)體的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式是

                                。

三推斷題

23．(14分)從丙醇合成丙三醇，可采用四步反應(yīng)：

丙醇丙烯A1，2，3－三氯丙烷丙三醇

已知：CH₂＝CHCH₃＋C1₂ CH₂C1CHC1CH₃

CH₂＝CHCH₃＋C1₂ CH₂＝CHCH₂C1＋HC1

（1）寫出①~④各步反應(yīng)的化學(xué)方程式，并分別注明其反應(yīng)類型：

①         　　　　　　　　                          ；                 。

②                       　　　　　　　　            ；                 。

③                     　　　　　　　　              ；                 。

④                      　　　　　　　　             ；                 。

（2）如果所用丙醇中混有異丙醇（），對所制丙烯的純度是否有影響？簡要說明理由＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿丙醇所含的官能團的名稱__________

四：實驗題：

24．(8分)電石中的碳化鈣和水能完全反應(yīng)：

              CaC₂＋2H₂O＝C₂H₂­＋Ca(OH)₂

使反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的氣體排水，測量排出水的體積，可計算出標準狀況乙炔的體積比，從而可測定電石中碳化鈣的含量。

       (1) 若用下列儀器和導(dǎo)管組裝實驗裝置：

如果所制氣體流向從左向右時，上述儀器和導(dǎo)管從左到右直接連接的順序(填各儀器、導(dǎo)管的序號)是______接_______接______接______接_______接_______。

       (2) 儀器連接好后，進行實驗時，有下列操作(每項操作只進行一次)：

       ① 稱取一定量電石，置于儀器3中，塞緊橡皮塞。

       ② 檢查裝置的氣密性。

       ③ 在儀器6和5中注入適量水。

       ④ 待儀器3恢復(fù)到室溫時，量取儀器4中水的體積(導(dǎo)管2中的水忽略不計)。

       ⑤ 慢慢開啟儀器6的活塞，使水逐滴滴下，至不發(fā)生氣體時，關(guān)閉活塞。

       正確的操作順序(用操作編號填寫)是                         。

       (3) 若實驗產(chǎn)生的氣體有難聞的味，且測定結(jié)果偏大，這是因為氣體中含有__________雜質(zhì)。

       (4) 若實驗時稱取的電石為1.60 g，測量排出水的體積后，折算成標準狀況乙炔的體積為448 mL，此電石中碳化鈣的百分含量是________%。

五：計算題

25．（4分）某有機物3克，燃燒后只生成3.6克的水和3.36LCO₂。（標準狀況）。該有機物的蒸汽對氫氣的相對密度為30。求：

⑴該有機物的分子式＿＿＿＿＿　

(2)若有機物與鈉反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生氫氣，寫出它可能的結(jié)構(gòu)簡式＿＿＿＿＿

試題詳情

石家莊市高中畢業(yè)班模擬考試一(模擬)

2009?理綜

可能用到的相對原子質(zhì)量：

As―75   C―12   N―14   O―16   Na―23   Mg―24   Al―27  S―32  Cl―35.5

試題詳情