北京市西城區(qū)2009年文綜適應(yīng)性練習(xí) 2009.3
初中數(shù)學(xué)易錯(cuò)題
天津市漢沽一中2008-2009學(xué)年度高三第四次月
化 學(xué) 2008年12月
本試卷共 14 頁,29小題,滿分150分。考試用時(shí)120分鐘。
相對(duì)原子質(zhì)量; H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 S 32 F 19 Cl 35.5 Al 27 Ca 40 Cu 64
Fe 56 K 39 Mg 24 Na 23 La 139 Zn 65 M n 55 N i 59
2008年高考完形填空專練21--40篇
21
閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從1―20各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
Coming home from school that dark winter day so long ago, I was
filled with excitement of having the weekend off. But I was 1 into stillness by what I saw. Mother,
seated at the far end of the sofa, 2 , with the second-hand green
typewriter on the table. She told me that she couldn’t type fast and then she
was out of work. My shock and embarrassment(尷尬)at finding Mother in tears was a perfect proof of how 3 I understood the pressures on her.
Sitting beside her on the sofa, I began very 4 to understand. “I guess we all have to 5 sometime, ”Mother said quietly. I could 6 her pain and the tension(壓力)of 7 the strong feelings that were interrupted
by my arrival. Suddenly, something inside me 8 . I reached out and put my arms
around her. She broke then. She put her face 9 my shoulder and sobbed. I held her 10 and didn’t try to talk. I knew I was
doing what I should, what I could 11 it was enough. In that moment, feeling
Mother’s 12 with feelings, I understood for the first
time her being so easy to 13 . She was still my mother, 14 she was something 15 : a person like me, capable of fear
and 16 and failure. I could feel her pain as she
must have felt mine on a thousand occasions(場合)when I sought
A week later Mother took a job selling dry goods at half the salary the radio station 18 . “It’s a job I can do, though”she said simply. But the evening practice on the old green typewriter continued. I had a very 19 feeling now when I passed her door at night and heard her tapping 20 across the paper. I knew there was something more going on in there than a woman learning to type.
1. A. tired B. ashamed C. lazy D. shocked
2. A. crying B. smiling C. thinking D. whispering
3. A. eagerly B. worriedly C. little D. much
4. A. quickly B. slowly C. suddenly D. proudly
5. A. fail B. win C. fall sick D. give in
6. A. know of B. watch C. sense D. recognize
7. A. holding back B. putting away C. sitting up D. stopping from
8. A. lit up B. came true C. turned D. increased
9. A. to B. up C. through D. against
10. A. tightly B. thoughtfully C. carefully D. politely
11. A. and that B. now that C. but that D. so that
12. A. hand B. face C. hair D. back
13. A. content B. break C. fall D. understand
14. A. therefore B. however C. yet D. though
15. A. more B. much C. little D. huge
16. A. wound B. defeat C. cut D. hurt
17. A. kindness B. memory C. comfort D. support
18. A. supplied B. offered C. paid for D. contributed
19. A. different B. hard C. pleasant D. serious
20. A. off B. away C. out D. through
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閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從1―20各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
Some personal characteristics play an important role in the development of one’s intelligence . But people fail to realize the importance of training these factors in young people .
The so-called ‘non-intelligence factors’(非智力因素)include 1 feelings , will , motivation (動(dòng)機(jī)), interests and habits . After a 30-year follow-up study of 8000 males , American psychologists (心理學(xué)) 2 that the main cause of disparities in intelligence is not intelligence 3 , but non-intelligence factors including the desire to learn , will power and self-confidence .
4 people all know that one should have definite objectives , a strong will and good learning habits , quite a number of teachers and parents don’t pay much attention to 5 these factors .
Some parents are greatly worried 6 their children fail to do well in their studies . They blame either genetic (遺傳的)factors , malnutrition ,(營養(yǎng)不良)or laziness , but they never take 7 consideration these non-intelligence factors . At the same time , some teachers don’t inquire into these , as reasons 8 students do poorly . They simply give them more courses and exercises , or 9 criticize or laugh at them . After all , these students lose self-confidence . Some of them just feel defeated and 10 themselves up as hopeless . Others may go astray(迷途)because they are sick of learning . 11 investigation of more than 1,000 middle school students in Shanghai showed that 11.5 per cent of them were 12 of learning , because of examinations , 1.4 per cent lacked persistence , initiative (主動(dòng))and consciousness (正直地、謹(jǐn)慎的)and 10.3 per cent were sick of learning .
It is clear 13 the lack of cultivation (培養(yǎng)) of non-intelligence factors has been a main 14 to intelligence development in teenagers . It even causes an imbalance between physiological (生理的)and 15 development among a few students .
If we don’t start now to 16 the cultivation of non-intelligence factors , it will not only affect the development of the 17 of teenagers , but also affect the quality of a whole generation . Some experts have put forward 18 about how to cultivate students’ non-intelligence factors .
First , parents and teachers should 19 understand teenage psychology . On this basis , they can help them to pursue (調(diào)動(dòng))the objectives of learning , 20 their interests and toughening their willpower .
1.A.one’s B.their C.his D.her
2.A.came out B.found out C.made out D.worked out
3.A.in itself B.by itself C.itself D.on its own
4.A.Though B.Nevertheless C.However D.Moreover
5.A.believing B.studying C.cultivating D.developing
6.A.a(chǎn)bout B.when C.how D.whether
7.A.for B.in C.into D.over
8.A.why B.that C.when D.how
9.A.ever B.even C.still D.more
10.A.put B.get C.handle D.give
11.A.The B.An C.Another D.A
12.A.a(chǎn)fraid B.a(chǎn)head C.a(chǎn)ware D.a(chǎn)shamed
13.A.that B.how C.why D.which
14.A.difficulty B.question C.threat D.obstacle(障礙)
15.A.intelligent B.characteristic C.psychological D.physical
16.A.practise B.thrust C.strengthen D.urge
17.A.intelligence B.diligence C.maturity(成熟)D.performance
18.A.projects B.warnings C.suggestions D.decision
19.A.fully B.greatly C.very D.highly
20.A.insuring B.going C.encouraging D.exciting
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閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從1―20各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
We’ve heard it before-we’ve heard it on the news, from teachers, from parents -children and teenagers today are growing up too fast. There are not too many people that will 1 with that statement. Teenagers are faced with serious problems and decisions at an early 2 . In fact most teenagers’ daily schedules(日程表)are as 3 as those of an adult’s.
I have been working since I
was thirteen, and always in
We are expected to work hard, get excellent 8 , be in a good relationship, and know what we want to do 9 . The list goes on and on. But the 10 is clear: We live in a society today that is 11 our childhood. We no longer have many years to be careless and fancy-free. We are expected to 12 the strict school rules and to excel (擅長)in everything we do.
I’ve known these things for a long time, and knew that they 13 me. But, I never really admitted it until last night, when I learned a 14 lesson, taught to me by my boss where I work. We had finished a job at a remote(遙遠(yuǎn)的)site. It was about 11:30 at night, and we had 15 to his house. We were talking about the 16 he had been making to his home. One of the things he said was “I 17 my basketball hoop(籃圈). ”Then he threw a basketball to me.
I hadn’t
We proceeded to shoot hoops for about 5 minutes. Both of us were terribly bad at it, but we spent the whole time 19 like children. Then I realized something: I am still a child. Oh, the law says I’m an adult. But, we are still really and truly children. We all need to have 20 once in a while.
1. A. argue B. disagree C. satisfy D. discuss
2. A. age B. stage C. year D. grade
3. A. certain B. busy C. careful D. perfect
4. A. companies B. places C. positions D. offices
5. A. study B. speak C. work D. act
6. A. last B. other C. rest D. coming
7. A. purposes B. success C. goals D. jobs
8. A. textbooks B. grades C. teachers D. schools
9. A. in life B. in time C. for ages D. for ever
10. A. information B. message C. notice D. idea
11. A. ruining B. correcting C. envying D. shortening
12. A. respect B. accept C. learn D. follow
13. A. inspired B. disappointed C. affected D. frightened
14. A. valuable B. serious C. important D. useful
15. A. walked B. flown back C. gone back D. driven
16. A. furniture B. improvements C. equipment D. arrangements
17. A. moved B. fixed C. sold D. broke
18. A. played B. caught C. touched D. held
19. A. laughing B. shouting C. running D. shooting
20. A. a rest B. a talk C. fun D. sports
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閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從1―20各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
Anthropology is a science which deals with man and his social habits. I think of anthropology here as “being interested, without 1, in the way other people choose to live and 2.”
―When you are curious about the way someone behaves or the way 3 feel about something, it’s 4 that you will he annoyed(惱火).
When someone acts in a way that seems 5 to you, rather than react in your usual way, such as “I can't believe they would do that,” 6 say something to yourself like “I see, that must be the way they 7 things in their world. Very interesting.” In order for this 8 to help you, you have to be genuine (真誠的).
Recently I was at a
shopping mall with my six-year old daughter
When you are interested in other perspectives, it doesn’t mean you’re 17 them. I certainly wouldn’t choose a punk rock lifestyle or 18 it to anyone else. At the same time, however, it’s really not my 19 to judge it either. One of the most important rules of joyful living is that judging others takes a great deal of energy and 20 you away from where you want to be.
1. A. agreement
B. judgrnent
C. improvement
D. entertainment
2. A. behave
B. speak
C. grow
D. eat
3. A. you
B. they
C. I
D. we
4. A. natural
B. certain
C. obvious
D. impossible
5. A. normal
B. common
C. strange
D. passive
6. A. just
B. also
C. still
D. never
7. A. make
B. find
C. see
D. get
8. A. person
B. way
C. interest
D. word
9. A. whde
B. until
C. since
D. when
10. A. tried on
B. grown up
C. acted out
D. dressed up
11. A. pleased
B. interested
C. bored
D. excited
12. A. views
B. questions
C. advice
D. plan
13. A. blocked
B. changed
C. enlarged
D. raised
14. A. softer
B. higher
C. happier
D. angrier
15. A. similar
B. confident
C. humorous
D. different
16. A. and
B. but
C. so
D. or
17. A. like
B. for
C. beside
D. against
18. A. present
B. connect
C. send
D. suggest
19. A. place
B. attempt
C. fault
D.decision
20. A. gives
B. brings
C. pulls
D.puts
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閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從1―20各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
I do a lot of management training each year for the Circle K Company. Among the 1
we discuss in our classes is the 2 of quality employees(雇員).
“What has caused you to stay 3 enough to become a manager?” I asked. After a while a new manager took the 4 and said slowly, “It was a baseball glove.”
Cynthia said she used to
When Cynthia arrived for work the next morning, Partircia, the store manager asked her to come to her small office and handed her a box. “I overheard you 12 to your son yesterday,” she said, “and I know that it is 13 to explain things to kids. This is a baseball glove for Jessie. I know you have to pay bills 14 you can buy gloves. You know we can’t 15 good people like you as 16 as we would like to; but we do 17 and I want you to know how 18 you are to us .”
Cynthia’s story shows vividly that people 19 more how much a (n) 20 cares than how much he pays .
1.A.topics B.problems C.difficulties D.lessons
2.A.employing B.praising C.keeping D.improving
3.A.soon B.long C.strong D.calm
4.A.position B.decision C.question D.a(chǎn)dvice
5.A.take B.change C.lose D.consider
6.A.lighter B.easier C.better D.higher
7.A.letter B.call C.a(chǎn)nswer D.email
8.A.bought B.kept C.needed D.offered
9.A.complained B.explained C.understood D.a(chǎn)dmitted
10.A.short B.enough C.spare D.tight
11.A.food B.education C.clothes D.bills
12.A.talking B.crying C.a(chǎn)rguing D.scolding
13.A.easy B.hard C.simple D.nice
14.A.a(chǎn)fter B.until C.when D.before
15.A.value B.remain C.pay D.fire
16.A.much B.many C.pleasant D.possible
17.A.regret B.a(chǎn)gree C.worry D.care
18.A.excellent B.important C.thankful D.thoughtful
19.A.remember B.refuse C.thank D.realize
20.A.mother B.clerk C.official D.manager
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閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從1―20各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
What is your favorite 1 ?Do you like yellow, orange or red? If you do, you must be an optimist(樂觀者), a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and 2 . Do you prefer grays and blues? Then you are 3 quiet, shy, and you’d rather 4 than lead. You tend to be a pessimist(悲觀主義者).
Colors 5 our moods, there is no doubt about it. A yellow room 6 most people feel more cheerful and more 7 than a dark green one. It seems that a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. 8 the other hand, black is depressing(壓抑的). A black bridge 9 the River Thames, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides(自殺)than 10 bridge in the area―until it 11 green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply; perhaps it 12 even more if the bridge had been done 13 .
Pink or baby blue. Light and 14 colors make people 15 happier but 16 .It is an established fact 17 factory workers work better.
18 , and have 19 accidents when their machines are painted orange rather 20 black or dark gray.
1.A.game B.color C.idea D.friend
2.A.friends B.parents C.excite D.excitement
3.A.probably B.possible C.sure D.better
4.A.go forward B.come C.follow D.think
5.A.influenced B.don’t influence C.do influence D.effect
6.A.causes B.gets C.calls D.makes
7.A.relaxed B.relax C.nervous D.worried
8.A.At B.For C.By D.On
9.A.on B.over C.cross D.through
10.A.other B.a(chǎn)ny other C.a(chǎn)ny D.the other
11.A.painted B.is painted C.got D.was painted
12.A.would have fallen B.will fall C.would fall D.fell
13.A.with B.by C.in D.to
14.A.dark B.bright C.clear D.good
15.A.only B.not C.much D.not only
16.A.a(chǎn)ctive B.more quiet C.more active D.much active
17.A.which B.how C.to us D.that
18.A.harder B.more hardly C.even hard D.however
19.A.little B.less C.fewer D.more
20.A.to B.than C.for D.not
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閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從1―20各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
The Florida sun baked my shoulders as I worked along the I―595 freeway near Fort Lauderdale, picking up rubbish. I paused to 1 the sweat off my forehead and look up at the cloudless blue sky. “ 2 can't it rain?”I thought. That would 3 things off.
I thought about my 4 , who were 5
sitting in an air-conditioned classroom at the high school right
now. I'd had some
We continued our 12 route (路線) along 595, 13 for the overpass bridge. Then I noticed an area where some 14 were broken on the ground. They weren't like that before.
“Dad! Pull over! I want to 15 something out. ”
I jumped off the truck and rushed to the bridge. Something was telling me to 16 . . . there wasn't much time. 17 I saw a Toyota that 18 upside down in the trees. Maybe it was a stolen car that somebody 19 there. Then I noticed something 20 . It was a bloody leg poking out of the driver's side window!
"H-e-l-p!" a lady moaned (呻吟).
1. A. wipe B. clean C. dry D. brush
2. A. When B. How C. Why D. How long
3. A. wash B. keep C. stay D. cool
4. A. relatives B. neighbors C. friends D. workmates
5. A. happily B. probably C. really D. finally
6. A. difficulty B. trouble C. questions D. problems
7. A. full-time B. part-time C. all the time D. some time
8. A. advantage B. possession C. position D. place
9. A. away B. from C. far D. clear
10. A. easy B. exciting C. smelly D. comfortable
11. A. knew B. wondered C. believed D. admitted
12. A. regular B. common C. unusual D. old
13. A. leaving B. going C. coming D. heading
14. A. cars B. bottles C. trees D. glasses
15. A. check B. turn C. make D. bring
16. A. decide B. hurry C. consider D. listen
17. A. Above B. Behind C. Ahead D. Below
18. A. hung B. pulled C. caught D. knocked
19. A. treasured B. deserted C. kept D. hid
20. A. pushing B. shouting C. moving D. crying
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閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從1―20各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
After graduation from Harvard Medical School, Dr. William Thomas never thought he’d work in a nursing home. Then, 1 , he became a medical director of a nursing home in New York, and his ideas began to 2 . “For the first time in my career, I was 3 for the answer to the question, What does it mean to 4 another person?”
5 that the biggest trouble facing nursing-home residents(居住者) are helplessness,
6 and boredom, he arranged laughter, usefulness and love as 7 .
8 Thomas calls it, he began the “”Edenization” of the nursing home in 1992. At last he founded the Eden Alternative.
Lazy moments and loud television programmes were 9 with lovely children, playful pets, 10 plants and music in the lobby. These living things are 11 into life. Residents are
12 to tend the animals, water the plants, weed outdoor gardens and do crarts with the children.
The Eden Altemative changed the 13 of the residents at this 80-bed nursing home. In a three-day study, the nursing home was 14 with a nursing home of equal size. The Eden Alternative had 26 percent less nurse-aide turnover, 15 percent 15 resident deaths and 3 percent lower medication costs.
In 1995 Dr.
Thomas 16 his full time to the promotion of the
Eden Alternative. More than 200 nursing homes throughout the country have 17
the Edenization process.
Thomas receives queries(質(zhì)疑)from as 18
away as Turkey, Japan,
Brazil and the Netherlands. He hopes that his idea of filling “
1.A.unexpectedly B.surprisingly C.unhappily D.suddenly
2.A.wonder B.struggle C.shake D.change
3.A.a(chǎn)sking B.a(chǎn)nswering C.caring D.searching
4.A.make B.visit C.tend D.care
5.A.Recognizing B.Hoping C.Regarding D.Including
6.A.loneliness B.poverty C.timelessness D.excitement
7.A.food B.reference C.treatment D.introduction
8.A.When B.As C.Unless D.since
9.A.went B.replaced C.began D.met
10.A.man-made B.plastic C.a(chǎn)live D.live
11.A.changed B.mixed C.divided D.made
12.A.got B.helped C.encouraged D.required
13.A.lives B.habits C.customs D.methods
14.A.compared B.covered C.dealt D.equipped
15.A.more B.less C.worse D.fewer
16.A.sent B.led C.devoted D.used
17.A.begun B.developed C.prevented D.invented
18.A.long B.much C.far D.soon
19.A.homeness B.homelessness C.plants D.pets
20.A.relation B.education C.match D.care
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閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從1―20各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
“Down-to-earth” means someone or something that is honest, practical and easy to deal with. It is 1 to find someone who is down-to-earth. A person who is down-to-earth is easy to talk to and 2 other people as equals. A down-to-earth person is just the 3 of someone who acts important and proud.
Down-to-earth persons 4 be important members of society, of course. 5 they do not let their importance “go to their heads”. They do not 6 themselves to be better persons than others of less importance. Someone who is filled with his own importance and pride, often without cause, is 7 to have “his nose in the air”. There is 8 way a person with his nose in the air can be down-to-earth.
Americans 9 &
天津市漢沽一中高三第三次月考試卷
化學(xué) 2008年11月
本試卷分第Ⅰ卷(選擇題)和第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題)兩部分,考試時(shí)間100分鐘,滿分100分。
可能用到的相對(duì)原子質(zhì)量:H
Cl 35.5 Fe 56 Cu 64
第Ⅰ卷(選擇題 共58分)
1、環(huán)境污染問題越來越受到人們的關(guān)注,造成環(huán)境污染的主要原因大多是由于人類生產(chǎn)活動(dòng)中過度排放有關(guān)物質(zhì)引起的。下列環(huán)境問題與所對(duì)應(yīng)的物質(zhì)不相關(guān)的是 ( 。
A、溫室效應(yīng)――二氧化碳 B、光化學(xué)污染――二氧化氮
C、酸雨――二氧化碳 D、臭氧層破壞――氟氯烴
2.Se是人體必需的微量元素。下列關(guān)于和的說法,正確的是 ( )
A.二者互為同素異形體 B.二者屬于同一種元素www.ks5u.com
C.和的性質(zhì)相同 D.和分別含有44和46個(gè)質(zhì)子
3.在短周期元素中,若某元素原子的最外層電子數(shù)與電子層數(shù)相等,符合條件的元素種數(shù)為 ( )
A.1種 B.2種 C.3種 D.4種
4.下列實(shí)驗(yàn)中,顏色的變化與有關(guān)物質(zhì)的強(qiáng)氧化性無關(guān)的是 ( )
A.乙烯使酸性高錳酸鉀溶液褪色
B.過氧化鈉使品紅溶液褪色
C.氯氣使鮮花褪色
D.SO2使滴有酚酞的紅色NaOH溶液褪色
5.有NA表示阿伏加德羅常數(shù)的數(shù)值,下列說法正確的是 ( )
A.在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)狀況下,VL水含有的氧原子個(gè)數(shù)為
B.常溫時(shí),
C.1molFeCl3跟水完全反應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)化為氫氧化鐵膠體后,其中膠體粒子的數(shù)目為NA
D.1molNH中含電子數(shù)為10NA
6.下列各組物質(zhì)在適宜的條件下反應(yīng),其中氧化劑和還原劑的物質(zhì)的量之比為2 :1的是
( )
A.CuO+CO B.H2SO4(濃)+C
C.Mg+CO2 D.Fe2O3+Al
7.有M、R兩種主族元素,已知M2-離子與R+離子核外電子數(shù)之和為20,下列說法正確的是 ( )
A.若M在第3周期,則R一定在第2周期
B.M與R的質(zhì)子數(shù)之和為20
C.M2-可能比R+的離子半徑小
D.M與R的原子序數(shù)之差可能等于7
8.某研究性學(xué)習(xí)小組為了探索鎂粉與FeCl3溶液的反應(yīng)機(jī)理,做了如下兩組實(shí)驗(yàn):①將鎂粉投入冷水中,未見明顯現(xiàn)象;②將鎂粉投入FeCl3y溶液中,觀察到有氣泡產(chǎn)生,溶液顏色逐漸變淺,同時(shí)逐漸產(chǎn)生紅褐色沉淀。則下列有關(guān)鎂與FeCl3溶液反應(yīng)的敘述中,正確的是 ( )
A.鎂只與FeCl3溶液中的Fe3+直接反應(yīng)
B.氣泡是鎂與FeCl3溶液中的水直接反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的
C.紅褐色沉淀是鎂與水反應(yīng)生成的Mg(OH)2與Fe3+反應(yīng)所得
D.汽泡是鎂與FeCl3水解生成的鹽酸反應(yīng)產(chǎn)生的
9、小華家中有如下生活用品:碘酒、食鹽、食醋、84消毒液(內(nèi)含NaClO),小華利用上述用品不能完成的任務(wù)是
A.檢驗(yàn)買來的奶粉中是否加有淀粉 B.檢驗(yàn)自來水中是否含有Cl-
C.除去保溫瓶中的水垢 D.洗去白色衣服上的番茄汁
10、下面有關(guān)硅的敘述中,正確的是( )
A. 光導(dǎo)纖維是以硅酸鹽為主要原料制成的
B.硅是構(gòu)成礦物和巖石的主要元素,硅在地殼中的含量在所有的元素中居第一位
C.硅的化學(xué)性質(zhì)不活潑,在自然界中可以以游離態(tài)存在
D.硅在電子工業(yè)中,是最重要的半導(dǎo)體材料
11.澤維爾用飛秒(時(shí)間單位:1飛秒=10-15秒)激光技術(shù)研究了氰化碘(ICN)的分解反應(yīng) ICN→I+CN,發(fā)現(xiàn)該變化可在200飛秒內(nèi)完成。已知(CN)2和鹵素的性質(zhì)相似。以下有關(guān)ICN的敘述中正確的是( )
A ICN不能和NaOH溶液反應(yīng) B ICN是一種共價(jià)化合物
C 將ICN加入到氯水中可生成I2 D ICN的晶體是離子晶體
12.一些鹽的結(jié)晶水合物,在溫度不太高時(shí)就有熔化現(xiàn)象,即熔溶于自身的結(jié)晶水中,又同時(shí)吸收熱量。它們?cè)谒芰洗薪?jīng)日曬就熔化,又在日后緩慢凝結(jié)而釋放熱量。故可用于調(diào)節(jié)室內(nèi)的溫度,或作夏日防暑用枕墊或座墊,這些物質(zhì)可稱之為潛熱材料,F(xiàn)有幾種鹽的結(jié)晶水合物有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)如下:
①
②
③
④
熔點(diǎn)(℃)
40~50
29.92
32.38
35.1
溶化熱
(kJ?mol-1)
49.7
37.3
77
100.1
根據(jù)上述數(shù)據(jù),實(shí)際應(yīng)用時(shí)最常采用的(由來源和成本考慮)應(yīng)該是
A.① B.② C.③ D.④
13、蛇紋石由MgO、A12O3、SiO2、Fe2O3組成,F(xiàn)取一份蛇紋石試樣進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),首先將其溶于過量的鹽酸,過濾后,在所得的沉淀X和溶液Y中分別加入NaOH溶液至過量。下列敘述不正確的是
A.沉淀X的成分是SiO2
B.將蛇紋石試樣直接溶于過量的NaOH溶液后過濾,可得到紅色顏料Fe2O3,
C.在溶液Y中加入過量的NaOH溶液,過濾得到的沉淀的主要成分是Fe(OH)3和Mg(OH)2
D.溶液Y中的陽離子主要是Mg2+、Al3+、Fe3+、H+
14.實(shí)驗(yàn)室需配制一種僅含四種離子(不包括水電離出的離子)的無色混合溶液,且在混合溶液中四種離子的物質(zhì)的量濃度均為lmol?L-1。下面四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中能達(dá)到此目的的是
A.NH4+、Na+、NO3-、Cl- B.Cu2+、K+、SO42―、NO3―
C.H+、K+、HCO3-、Cl― D.、K+ Na+、Cl―、SO42―
15.已知酸性條件下有如下反應(yīng):2Cu+=Cu2++Cu。由于反應(yīng)溫度不同,用氫氣還原氧化銅時(shí),可能產(chǎn)生Cu或Cu2O,兩者都是紅色固體。一同學(xué)對(duì)某次用氫氣還原氧化銅實(shí)驗(yàn)所得的紅色固體產(chǎn)物作了驗(yàn)證,實(shí)驗(yàn)操作和實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象記錄如下 ( )
加入試劑
稀硫酸
濃硫酸、加熱
稀硝酸
濃硝酸
實(shí)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)象
紅色固體
和藍(lán)色溶液
無色氣體
無色氣體
和藍(lán)色溶液
紅棕色氣體
和綠色溶液
由此推出本次氫氣還原氧化銅實(shí)驗(yàn)的產(chǎn)物是
A.Cu B.Cu2O
C.一定有Cu,可能有Cu2O D.一定有Cu2O,可能有Cu
16.t℃時(shí)CuSO4的溶解度是S g,其飽和溶液密度d g.cm-3、物質(zhì)的量濃度為c mol.L-1。向足量飽和溶液中加入m g無水CuSO4或蒸發(fā)掉n g水后恢復(fù)t℃,均能獲得W g膽礬晶體,下列關(guān)系式正確的是( )
A. B.
C. D.
17.有
A.肯定含①③,不含② B.肯定含①③,可能含②
C.肯定含②③,不含① D.肯定含②③,可能含①
18.某學(xué)生用NaHCO3,和KHCO3,組成的某混合物進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),測得如下數(shù)據(jù)(鹽酸的物質(zhì)的量濃度相等)
50mL 鹽酸
50mL 鹽酸
50mL 鹽酸
m(混合物)
V(CO2)(標(biāo)況)
則下列分析推理中不正確的是
A.鹽酸的物質(zhì)的量濃度為3.0mol?L
B.根據(jù)表中數(shù)據(jù)能計(jì)算出混合物中NaHCO3的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)
C.加入混合物
D.
19.在燒杯中加入鐵和銅的混合物,然后加入一定量的稀硝酸,充分反應(yīng)后,剩余金屬的質(zhì)量為m
A.m1可能等于m2 B.m1一定等于m2
C.m1可能大于m2 D.m1一定大于m2
第Ⅱ卷(非選擇題 共42分)
20.(9分)飽和氯水與石灰石的反應(yīng)是制取較濃的HclO溶液方法之一。某同學(xué)運(yùn)用這一方法,嘗試制取HC1O溶液并進(jìn)行了如下定性實(shí)驗(yàn):
①在試管中加入過量的塊狀碳酸鈣,再加入約20mL飽和氯水,充分反應(yīng),有少量氣泡產(chǎn)生,溶液的黃綠色褪去;
②過濾,將濾液滴在有色布條上,發(fā)現(xiàn)其漂白性更強(qiáng);
③為了確定反應(yīng)產(chǎn)物,將濾液分為三份,分別進(jìn)行以下實(shí)驗(yàn);
第一份與石灰水混合,立即產(chǎn)生大量白色沉淀;
第二份與稀鹽酸混合,立即產(chǎn)生大量氣泡;
第三份加熱,看到溶液變渾濁且有大量無色氣體產(chǎn)生;
經(jīng)檢測,上述實(shí)驗(yàn)中產(chǎn)生的無色氣體均為CO2氣體。
(1)試解釋可以在飽和氯水中加入石灰石制備HclO的原因
。
(2)寫出步驟③中第一份及第二份濾液發(fā)生反應(yīng)的離子方程式:
第一份: 。
第二份: 。
(3)試根據(jù)所學(xué)知識(shí)推測,在②的濾液中含 有的溶質(zhì),除了溶解的極少量氯氣外,還含有的其它溶質(zhì)為(寫化學(xué)式) 。
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