The intelligence of the dog is among the highest of all the animals, maybe higher than we give him credit for. Although his brain is only half as large as ours, he is certainly the most intelligent of domestic animals.

A scientist in Brazil has proven dogs can count. He used a technique which also proved that 5 month old infants can count:

"He placed treats in a bowl, hid it with a screen and let the animals watch as he removed or added some. The dogs studied the contents longer when the screen was taken away if a trick had been played leaving more or less treats than expected .He tasted 11 mongrels（雜種狗）and found they paid little attention when one plus one resulted in two treats. But they looked more closely when one plus one left three."

Memory is an important component of intelligence. The dog's memory for scents is extraordinary. His visual memory is only fair, but his memory for sounds is very good, since he can remember and identify familiar voices even after an absence of many years .While he builds up a large store of identifiable sounds without the slightest effort, remembering different words requires more concentration.

The dog's capacity for learning is more a matter of memory than of true understanding. He will remember the sequence of cause and effect in his actions, but he is unable to draw broad conclusions from his experience. The greater the variety of experiences and contact with others they have, the quicker they learn, and the more they retain.

Dogs are bound by nature to remain intellectually inferior to（劣于）man, but we owe them a chance to develop their native intelligence by training, teaching, and working with them as much and as often as we can.

1．This text focuses on dog's________

       A．a(chǎn)ppearances and behaviors                  B．intelligence and memory

       C．breeds and reactions                           D．emotions and attitudes

2．What does the experiment by the Brazilian scientist show?

       A．Dogs remain intellectually inferior to man.

       B．Dogs' brain is only half as large as human beings'.

       C．Dogs know the numbers if their attention is drawn.

       D．Dogs have the same intelligence as 5-month-old infants.

3．How does the dog recognize the owner after he has been away for quite a long time?

       A．It has memory for scents and voice

       B．It has true understanding of its owner

       C．It has extraordinary visual memory

       D．It often misses its owner and remembers him

4．This text is most probably______.

       A．a(chǎn) book review        B．a(chǎn) travel journal       C．a(chǎn) research report     D．a(chǎn)n animal test

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