The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. This is because the culture systems are two      systems on the whole.
The   of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are gestated孕育 by     . In China, the mother river is the Yellow River while the Indian one is the Hindu River. These two cultures were developed for several thousand years and formed their own        . Then in Dang Dynasty of China, the Chinese culture        went overseas to Japan,     into the Japanese society and shaped the Japanese culture nowadays. Though a bit different from the Chinese one, it belongs to the same      .
When the two mother rivers gave birth to the eastern culture, another famous culture was       on the Mesopotamian Plain美索不達(dá)米亞平原 ---- the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of the Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. And these two are well-known as the      of the European culture. Like the Chinese culture, the European one also      waters. When the colonists of England     in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn't    from the European one a lot.
At the same time, the difference of the language systems    _ the cultural differences. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system, for example, the one I’m using to write this paper.
Other factors like human race difference counts as well. But what’s more, as a result of the far distance and the steep險(xiǎn)峻的areas between the East and West, the two cultures seldom     until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no      with the other.
小題1:
A．connectedB．separateC．a(chǎn)ncientD．remote
小題2:
A．preservationB．developmentC．resourceD．origin
小題3:
A．coastsB．lakesC．riversD．mountains
小題4:
A．stylesB．habitsC．waysD．means
小題5:
A．hurriedlyB．graduallyC．unfortunatelyD．suddenly
小題6:
A．madeB．crashedC．mixedD．a(chǎn)pplied
小題7:
A．cultureB．nationC．influenceD．system
小題8:
A．brought upB．brought outC．brought aboutD．brought along
小題9:
A．bottomB．keyC．baseD．basement
小題10:
A．crossedB．drunkC．swamD．dived
小題11:
A．touched down B．put downC．got downD．settled down
小題12:
A．evolveB．judgeC．distinguishD．rise
小題13:
A．a(chǎn)dds to B．results toC．turns toD．takes to
小題14:
A．a(chǎn)pproachedB．contactedC．involvedD．communicated
小題15:
A．impactB．differenceC．connectionD．familiarity

小題1:B
小題2:D
小題3:C
小題4:A
小題5:B
小題6:C
小題7:D
小題8:A
小題9:C
小題10:A
小題11:D
小題12:C
小題13:A
小題14:D
小題15:C

試題分析：文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹東西方文化的起源、發(fā)展和它們之間的差異性。
小題1:考查形容詞。A. connected聯(lián)系的；B. separate分離的；C. ancient古代的；D. remote遙遠(yuǎn)的。根據(jù)前一句The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot.可知這是因?yàn)閮蓚�(gè)文化系統(tǒng)是分離的。故選B。
小題2:A. preservation保存；B. development發(fā)展；C. resource資源；D. origin起源。根據(jù)常識可知，東方文化來源于兩個(gè)國家。故選D。
小題3:考查名詞。根據(jù)下文“...the mother river is the Yellow River...”和“...the Hindu River.”可知兩國文化都是為河流所孕育。故選C。
小題4:考查名詞。A. styles風(fēng)格；B. habits習(xí)慣；C. ways道路；D. means方法，手段。這兩種文化發(fā)展了幾年前，有各自的風(fēng)格。故選A。
小題5:考查副詞。A. hurriedly匆忙地； B. slowly慢地；C. unfortunately不幸地；D. suddenly突然地。在唐朝中國的文化慢慢的到了海外的日本。故選B。
小題6:考查動(dòng)詞。A. made制作；B. crashed碰撞；C. mixed混合；D. applied應(yīng)用。和日本的社會(huì)相融合，形成現(xiàn)在的日本文化。故選C。
小題7:考查名詞。 A. culture文化；B. nation國家；C. influence影響；D. system系統(tǒng)。雖然它和中國的文化不同，但是是一個(gè)體系的。故選D。
小題8:考查詞組。A. brought up養(yǎng)育，出現(xiàn)；B. brought out顯現(xiàn)；C. brought in引進(jìn)；D. brought along帶來。另外一個(gè)文化在米達(dá)米亞平原出現(xiàn)。故選A。
小題9:考查動(dòng)詞。A. bottom根底部；B. key關(guān)鍵；C. base基礎(chǔ)；D. basement根基。這兩種文化做為歐洲的文化基礎(chǔ)而著名。故選C。
小題10:考查動(dòng)詞： A. crossed穿過；B. drunk喝；C. swam游泳；D. dived潛水。象中國文明一樣，歐洲的文明也穿越了水域。故選A。
小題11:考查詞組：A. touched down降落，著陸；B. put down記下；C. got down下來；D. settled down安頓下來，定居。當(dāng)歐洲殖民者在美洲定居下來。故選D。
小題12:考查動(dòng)詞。A. evolve進(jìn)化；B. judge判斷；C. distinguish區(qū)分，使著名；D. rise升起。所以美洲的文化和歐洲的文化沒有多大區(qū)別。故選C。
小題13:考查短語辨析。A. adds to增加；B. results to無此短語；C. turns to求助，轉(zhuǎn)向；D. takes to帶……去，語言系統(tǒng)的不同也增加了文化差異。故選A。
小題14:考查動(dòng)詞。A. approached靠近；B. contacted聯(lián)系；C. involved卷入；D. communicated交流。此處指兩種文化的交流(communicate)。故選D。
小題15:考查名詞。A. impact影響；B. difference區(qū)別；C. connection聯(lián)系；D. familiarity熟悉，它們完全自己發(fā)展沒有相互的干擾。故選C。
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A．a(chǎn)re set for use.
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


第三部分：閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）
Before the mid 1860’s, the impact of the railroads in the United States was limited, in the sense that the tracks ended at this Missouri River, approximately the center of the country. At the point the trains turned their freight, mail, and passengers over to steamboats, wagons, and stagecoaches. This meant that wagon freighting, stagecoaching, and steamboating did not come to an end when the first train appeared; rather they became supplements or feeders. Each new “end of track” became a center for animal drawn or waterborne transportation. The major effect of the railroad was to shorten the distance that had to be covered by the older, slower, and more costly means. Wagon freighters continued operating throughout the 1870’s and 1880’s and into the 1890’s. Although over constantly shrinking routes, and coaches and wagons continued to crisscross the West wherever the rails had not yet been laid. The beginning of a major change was foreshadowed in the later 1860’s, when the Union Pacific Railroad at last began to build westward from the Central Plains city of Omaha to meet the Central Pacific Railroad advancing eastward from California through the formidable barrier of the Sierra Nevada. Although President Abraham Lincoln signed the original Pacific Railroad bill in 1862 and a revised, financially much more generous version in 1864, little construction was completed until 1865 on the Central Pacific and 1866 on the Union Pacific. The primary reason was skepticism that a Railroad built through so challenging and thinly settled a stretch of desert, mountain, and semiarid plain could pay a profit. In the words of an economist, this was a case of “premature enterprise”, where not only the cost of construction but also the very high risk deterred private investment. In discussing the Pacific Railroad bill, the chair of the congressional committee bluntly stated that without government subsidy no one would undertake so unpromising a venture; yet it was a national necessity to link East and West together. ?
61. The author refers to the impact of railroads before the late 1860’s as “l(fā)imited” because
A. the track did not take the direct route from one city to the next?
B. passengers and freight had to transfer to other modes of transportation to reach western destinations              C. passengers preferred stagecoaches
D. railroad travel was quite expensive
62. What can be inferred about coaches and wagon freighters as the railroad expanded?
A. They developed competing routes.
B. Their drivers refused to work for the railroads.?
C. They began to specialize in private investment.?
D. There were insufficient numbers of trained people to operate them.
63.  Why does the author mention the Sierra Nevada in line 17? ?
A. To argue that a more direct route to the West could have been taken.??
B. To identify a historically significant mountain range in the West.?
C. To point out the location of a serious train accident.?
D. To give an example of an obstacle faced by the central pacific.   
64.  The word “subsidy” in line 27 is closest in meaning to_____.?
A. persuasion             B. financing              C. explanation           D. penalty ?

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