It happened one morning 20 years ago. A British scientist Alec Jeffrey came across DNA fingerprinting: He identified the patterns of genetic material that are unique to almost every individual. His discovery changed everything from the way we do criminal investigations to the way we decide family law. But the professor of genetics at the University of Leicester, UK, is still surprised, and a bit worried, by the power of the technology he released upon the world.
The patterns within DNA are unique to each individual, except identical twins, who share the same pattern. The ability to identify these patterns has been used to convict(證明…有罪) murderers and to clear people who are wrongly accused. It is also used to identify the victims of war and settle disputes over who is the father of a child.
Jeffrey said he and his colleagues made the discovery by accident while tracking genetic variations(變異). But, within six months of the discovery, genetic fingerprinting had been used in an immigration case, to prove that an African boy really was his parents’ son.·In 1986, it was used for the first time in a British criminal case: It cleared one suspect after being accused of two murders and helped convict another man.
DNA testing is now very common. In Britain, a national criminal database established in 1995 now contains 2.5 million DNA samples. The U.S. and Canada are developing similar systems. But there are fears about the stored DNA samples and how they could be used to harm a person’s privacy. That includes a person’s medical history, racial origin or psychological profile. “There is the long-term risk that people can get into these samples and start getting additional information about a person’s paternity(父子關(guān)系) or risk of disease,” Jeffrey said.
DNA testing is not an unfailing proof of identity. Still, it is considered a reasonably reliable system for determining the things it is used for. Jeffrey estimates the probability of two individuals’ DNA profiles matching in the most commonly used tests at one in a billion.
小題1:According to the text, DNA testing can NOT be used in _______ .
A．doing criminal investigationsB．deciding faraily law
C．clearmg wrongly accused people D．telling twins apart
小題2:DNA samples are not popular with all the people because _______ .
A．the government in Britain establishes a criminal database
B．the US and Canada develop similar systems
C．DNA samples can be used to harm a person’s privacy
D．DNA testing is too expensive and dangerous now
小題3:Where will you most probably find this article?
A．In a guidebook. B．In a storybook.
C．In a science fiction. D．In a scientific magazine.
小題4:Which is the best title for the passage?
A．Discovery of DNA testing by JefferyB．Practice of DNA testing in court
C．DNA testing in the present situationD．Benefits and side effects of DNA testing

小題1:D
小題1:C
小題1:D
小題1:D
略
練習冊系列答案
相關(guān)習題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Years ago, if a teenager had some problems in her life, she might go home and write in her diary. Now, a teenager with   36  problems might go onto the Internet and write about his problems in a blog. In many ways a diary and a blog are very   37  . So, what makes blogging different from writing in   38  diary?
The biggest difference is that blogging is much more   39  than a diary. Usually, a teenager treats his diary like a book full of   40  that she does not want to   41 .
It’s interesting that someone who writes in a blog   42  a diary will probably write nearly the same information.
I have a little sister, and sometimes I go online to read her   43  . She writes about things like waking up early for swimming practice and not studying enough for her chemistry test.   44  I was her age, I wrote about the same things, but   45  in my diary. Then, after I had finished writing, I would hide my diary in a secret place because I was   46  that my sister might read it!
The biggest   47  with blogging is that anyone can read what you write. If I was angry with a friend during high school and wrote something   48 about her in my diary, she would never know!   49 , if my sister ever wrote something bad about a friend, that friend   50  read her blog and get a “cry”.
There are also   51  to blogging, of course. If I felt sad one day and wrote in my diary: “Nobody cares about me.”  52  would know about it. However, if my sister wrote the same sentence in her blog, her best friends would   53  respond and tell her how much they   54  her. Blogs help people   55  in touch with their friends and know what the people around them are doing.
小題1:
A．the sameB．troublesomeC．difficultD．daily
小題2:
A．familiarB．differentC．similarD．special
小題3:
A．a(chǎn) commonB．a(chǎn)n ordinaryC．a(chǎn) personal D．a(chǎn) traditional
小題4:
A．a(chǎn)ttractiveB．convenient C．publicD．quick
小題5:
A．thoughtsB．secrets C．mysteriesD．puzzles
小題6:
A．tellB．publishC．shareD．solve
小題7:
A．in spite ofB．a(chǎn)s well asC．in favor ofD．instead of
小題8:
A．webB．diaryC．report D．blog
小題9:
A．SinceB．Although C．When D．Because
小題10:
A．stillB．a(chǎn)lreadyC．onlyD．never
小題11:
A．worriedB．concernedC．gladD．a(chǎn)ngry
小題12:
A．problemB．troubleC．doubt D．mistake
小題13:
A．boringB．wrongC．unpleasantD．funny
小題14:
A．Therefore B．HoweverC．BesideD．Then
小題15:
A．willB．shouldC．mustD．might
小題16:
A．reasonsB．shortcomingsC．disadvantages D．a(chǎn)dvantages
小題17:
A．no oneB．everyone C．a(chǎn)nyoneD．someone
小題18:
A．happilyB．suddenlyC．especiallyD．quickly
小題19:
A．missB．likeC．needD．help
小題20:
A．loseB．getC．stayD．find

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

We are living in a wonderful age, which has become wonderful largely through the scientific discoveries and inventions. There are always new discoveries and new knowledge ahead in every field. For example, much is yet to be discovered in electricity. Weather forecasting is an important area today. Science is doing much in the control of diseases.
Science is a never-ending road for us to go along. Every field gives changes to the person who wants to make science his life work.
Science is also a method of thinking, which can teach us how to solve problems and help us to arrive at the truth. The men and women who will be the scientists of tomorrow are in our colleges, factories and farms today. We are all potential scientists.
小題1: The main idea of this passage is _____.
A．a(chǎn)ll scientists begin to study when they are very young
B．science teaches us how to work better
C．science is a never-ending road for people to go along
D．weather forecasting is important
小題2:Discoveries and inventions are the results of the study and use of _____.
A．electricityB．scienceC．weatherD．the truth
小題3:There are always discoveries _____ for people to make.
A．in electricityB．in weather forecasting
C．in every fieldD．in thinking
小題4: Science teaches us how to work by ______ method.
A．importantB．scientificC．old D．new
小題5:The underlined word "potential" means _____.
A．worthB．probableC．learnedD．lazy

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A report by the Consumer Electronics Association says electronics are among the most popular gifts being bought this holiday season. 
Jim Barry is a spokesman for the Consumer Electronics Association. He says the CEA study found that electronics represent three of the top five things on its "holiday gift wish list" this year.
JIM BARRY: "Notebook computers are at the top, followed by iPads and then e-readers. IPad is a touch-screen tablet computer and that's really the big player in that category."
The computer company Apple began selling its small, touch-screen computers in April.   People use the touch-screen computers to surf the Web, write e-mails, watch movies and read books. Since the iPad's release earlier this year, several other companies have come out with their own tablet computers just in time for Christmas.
A report from the e-Marketer research group predicts that worldwide, tablet sales will reach more than eighty-one million in two thousand twelve. Still, Jim Barry says these devices are facing tough competition this year from another Christmas favorite.
JIM BARRY: "Another hot category right behind that are the e-readers. So you can read on an iPad or a touch-screen tablet, but the e-book readers are less expensive. The Kindle is the market leader there, from Amazon. But you also have the Nook from Barnes and Noble and the e-reader from Sony. And you have more and more of those e-readers coming into the market as well."
The Consumer Electronics Association report found that iPod music players are also in high demand this holiday season.  
But not all of the things on the holiday gift wish list involved electronics. Clothes, cars and motorcycles also made the list. So did family togetherness and good health. And the one thing that people wanted most?
JIM BARRY: "At the top of the list was peace and happiness."
That is also our wish for you this holiday season.
小題1:The best title of the passage is         .  
A．How to choose a suitable gift for Christmas
B．iPads, E-Readers, Notebook Computers top wish lists
C．What we should buy for our kids this holiday season
D．How modern technology is changing the way people relate
小題2:People use the touch-screen computers to do all the following things except         .  
A．surf the Web and write e-mails
B．watch movies and read books
C．surf the Web and contact others on phone
D．surf the internet and use it as an e-reader
小題3:Which of the following sentences is TURE?  
A．iPads are the most popular gift among all the electronics.
B．Only the computer company Apple releases a touch-screen tablet computer.
C．All of the things on the holiday gift wish list are electronics.
D．There are more and more kinds of e-readers in the market.
小題4:You don't have enough money for an iPad, but you can buy          for a friend who enjoys reading.  
A．notebook computersB．iPod music players
C．touch-screen tablet computerD．e-book readers
小題5:We can infer from the last paragraph that         .  
A．people value peace and happiness more than anything else
B．clothes, cars and motorcycles are also popular gifts for Christmas
C．family togetherness and good health don't make the list
D．JIM BARRY also sends their wish for us this holiday season

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容,從對話后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有一項為多余選項。完成后請將答案寫到二卷答題紙上。
The world’s first completely automatic（自動的）railway has been built under the busy streets of London. 1. _______________________________. The new Victoria Line was opened in 1969. This new line was very different from the others.
The stations on the other lines need a lot of workers to sell tickets, and to check and to collect them when people leave the trains. 2. ______________________________. Here a machine checks and collects the tickets, and there are no workers on the platforms at all. On the train, there is only one worker. 3. _____________________. But usually he just starts it; it runs and stops by itself. The trains are controlled by electrical signals which are sent by the so-called command spots. The command spots are the same distance apart. Each sends a certain signal. The train always moves at the speed that the command spots allow. If the command spot sends no signals, the train will stop. 4. _______________. The computers also fix the train speeds, and send the signals to the command spots.
5. ___________________________. Once train may stay too long at a station; the other trains will then automatically move slower.
A. If necessary, this man can drive the train.
B. The railway is called the Victoria Line, and it is part of the complete London underground railway.
C. The computer makes the decision about when to use a gas engine and when to go electric.
D. This is all different on the Victoria Line.
E. Most of the control work is done by computers.
F. Other machines make sure that the trains are always a safe distance apart.
小題1:______ 小題2: _______ 小題3:________ 小題4:________小題5:_______

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Sometimes life gets a little dull. What used to be fun and different becomes boring. That is the time to look for something new. It is the time for a big idea to get your mind off everyday life. So why not search for extraterrestrial (地球外的) intelligence? Or even better, why not get your computer to do it for you?
Over two million people have joined the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence（SETI）project. Based in California, the SETI project analyzes information taken from a giant radio telescope based in South America. Its task is to look for signals from outer space that might prove that life exists on other planets.
Processing this information is far too big a job for one computer. So the SETI project workers divide the work among volunteers who visit their website. Each computer gets some information to work out from the SETI network through the Internet. This process is often known as “meta-computing”.
It is a wonderful thought. You are sleeping, eating a meal or going out with friends. All this time, your computer is searching the stars for signs that might show something is out there trying to get in touch. Volunteers are proud of being involved in the SETI project. It shows that they understand the potential (潛能) of computing. They know that it is more than just a way of working or playing games.
Meta-computing may also be creating intelligence as well as looking for it. This idea is based on the theory that human intelligence is created by the way in which different parts of the brain communicate with each other. As the saying goes, “The whole is more than the sum of its parts.” People who join the SETI project sometimes wonder whether their computer will become part of a huge network that has learned to think for itself.
小題1:According to the writer, meta-computing may be creating intelligence    .
A．because human beings are intelligentB．because a computer works as the brain does
C．because of a network of many computersD．because of the number of computers
小題2: Which of the following shows the order in which the SETI network works?
A．Radio telescope→SETI website→Volunteers’ computer→SETI base
B．Radio telescope→SETI base→SETI website→Volunteers’ computer
C．SETI base→SETI website→Volunteers’ computers→Radio telescope
D．SETI base→Radio telescope→SETI website→Volunteers’ computers
小題3: The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to _____ .
A．extra-terrestrial intelligenceB．human intelligence
C．the SETI projectD．meta-computing
小題4:The passage mainly tells us about _____.      
A．a(chǎn) new way to work on the computer
B．a(chǎn) new way to work and play games
C．a(chǎn) new way to search for life outside the earth
D．a(chǎn) new way to make computers learn to think for itself

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

With the development of society and economy, animals and their habitats are getting pushed aside as households decrease in size and increase in number.
Small numbers of people per household on average use more energy and goods per person. Greater numbers of households require more natural resources for construction. The possible result of this problem may be insufficient natural resources to meet consumer demand without endangering habitats important to biodiversity.
Personal freedom and social choice may come at huge environmental cost. Direct costs include visible damage to animal habitats and plant life. Indirect costs include the release of more greenhouse gases.
The effects of such “personal freedom and social choice” have already surfaced in south-west China’s Wolong Nature Reserve. In Wolong, they found that a reduced average household size was directly tied to an increase in homes, and thus an increase in the amount of firewood consumed for cooking and heating. The rise in wood fuel use has contributed to disappearance of forests and to the loss of habitats for giant pandas. 
Curious about whether other parts of the world were experiencing similar phenomena, they got the support of a team of researchers including Stanford’s Paul Ehrlich, well-known for his population studies, to find out the household dynamics in 141 countries between 1985 and 2000. Their study proved that the difficult choice of Wolong is part of a global trend.
In the 76 countries considered biodiversity “hotspots”, such as the United States, Brazil, Australia, and Kenya, the number of households grew by 3.1% every year, while the population increased just 1.8%. Meanwhile, the number of people per home dropped from 4.7 to 4.0. The decline in household size has resulted in 155 million additional households in hotspot countries, almost always limiting biodiversity.
In the 10 non-hotspot countries — those without high-density areas of animal and plant species — similar results were found, though on a lesser scale. Even in countries experiencing population decline, such as New Zealand, the number of households still increased because of a reduction in household size.
小題1:What does the underlined word “insufficient” mean?
A．Plenty of.B．Not enough.C．Abundant.D．Little.
小題2:It can be learned from the passage that China’s Wolong Nature Reserve_____
A．is facing the same threat as many other parts of the world
B．sets a good example in protecting animals
C．is a place where giant pandas and their habitats are not affected
D．is a place where animals and their habitats are seriously damaged
小題3:Which of the following is best supported by the last two paragraphs?
A．Biodiversity is better kept in countries with smaller populations.
B．Biodiversity is better kept in hotspot countries.
C．The threat to nature from reduction in household size is a worldwide problem.
D．Both hotspot countries and non-hotspot countries face the threat of the same scale.
小題4: What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Reduced household size leads to an increase in household number.
B．Modern homes consume more natural resources.
C．How to meet consumer demand without endangering animals and their habitats.
D．Reduction in household size as well as increase in household number threatens nature.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

An Australian company, Smart Car Technologies, has developed a system that lets drivers know when they’re speeding. When the technology becomes commercially available, it could help lead-footed drivers avoid tickets and also save lives. The company that developed the product hopes to convince Australian government agencies to put the technology into use in their automobile fleets.
The product, called Speed Alert, links real-time location data and speed obtained with the help of GPS to a database of posted speed limits stored in a driver’s PDA or programmable mobile phone. The setup of the product does not need to be hooked up to a car’s speedometer. In fact, it is entirely portable. It will also work with newer phones and PDAs that have built-in GPS receivers. If a driver exceeds the speed limit, the speed is shown and an alert sounds.
Michael Paine, an Australian vehicle design engineer and traffic safety consultant, was hired to analyze the product. He told Live Science that his colleagues in the road safety field are “very enthusiastic” about what they’re now calling “intelligent speed alert.” Other research, according to Paine, shows that 40 percent of all traffic deaths involve speeding. There is also a potentially controversial future use: “Since the system is so portable, it would be easy to make it a requirement for teenage drivers to always use a speed alert device when driving,” Paine said. “The system even has the capability to record speeding violations, so parents can monitor their teenage drivers.”
The product will soon go on sale in Sydney.
小題1: What’s the purpose of the new product?
A．To inform us of the new car system.B．To introduce some improvement in cars.
C．To limit certain drivers to safe driving.D．To popularize the built-in car system.
小題2:The second paragraph mainly talks about        .
A．the project of the built-in productB．why the system becomes popular
C．the functions of GPS in carsD．how the product is programmed
小題3:Which of the following is true of Speed Alert according to Michael Paine?
A．Most of the traffic deaths can be avoided.B．Speeding violations can be easily found out.
C．The system will excite some teenage drivers. D．The product will not be available for adults.
小題4:What can be the best title of the passage?
A．Speed Alert and Its Future Use.B．Progress in Car-making Science.
C．Warning for Adventurous Drivers.D．New In-Car Device against Speeding.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

On the first day of class, a graduate student from Xi’an Jiaotong University reminded me that, especially in China, “There are always two sides of a coin.” Experiencing China’s May 12 earthquake while living in Xi’an, Shanxi Province just north of the earthquake’s epicenter (地震的震中) in Sichuan with our two daughters, we have indeed seen both sides of what is beginning to be called China’s 5·12 disaster coin.
On television, in newspapers and through the Internet, we learned about the extent (巨大，重要性) of the destruction, and the statistics were horrific – over 69,000 confirmed (確認) dead, some 18,000 missing and more than 374,000 injured.
When we turn off the television and discuss what we as a family have learned from the events of the last several weeks, we find ourselves marveling (覺得驚奇) at how the Chinese are confidently but quietly dealing with this unprecedented tragedy – a disaster that continues with every aftershocks, mudslide and potential flood.
It seems like every school, organization and business is raising money for Sichuan, and young people all over the country are out in the streets looking for donations or giving blood at the many mobile blood vans that are out in full force.
Those who cannot give, like the 75-year-old woman from Sichuan, are volunteering or giving in other ways. An impressive example is the Sichuan policewoman with a newborn child who was nursing many infants whose mothers were killed in the quake.
The national concern over the fate of affected children has been moving. On May 22, there were 1697 orphans, but on June 24, the number dropped to 558; and rest assured, there are more people willing to adopt than there are orphans from Sichuan.
So, while no country or person ever welcomes tragedy, especially something of this magnitude (程度), the earthquake has taught us a great deal about China’s true character and its people’s resilience (韌性). It has also reminded us that the other side of even a dark coin may hold the promise of a brighter future,
(The author is an American Professor of International Relations at Xi’an Jiaotong University.)
小題1:
When the 5·12 earthquake happened, the author and his family were ________.
  
A．in Sichuan provinceB．near the earthquake epicenter
C．in Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityD．in their own country
小題2:
How many orphans had been adopted from Sichuan by June 24, 2008?
A．1139B．1697C．558D．We don’t know.
小題3:
The author quoted “ There are always two sides of a coin.” In the passage. Here “ two sides” refers to ________.
A．a(chǎn) dark side and a bright one of a coin
B．the unprecedented tragedy and China’s true character
C．the dead and the victims in the earthquake
D．the destruction and the donations
小題4:
Which of the following statements is NOT right according to the passage?
A．The whole world has seen all about China’s 5·12 disaster in the news media.
B．A policewoman fed her breast milk to many babies who lost their mothers.
C．Even a 75-year-old woman gave blood at the mobile blood vans.
D．The earthquake brought other natural disasters at the same time.

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習冊答案