Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools．But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake．Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective．The staying power of the “l(fā)ook-say” or “whole-word” method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively．
The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaning of words over the meaning of letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words．It fits in with the self-directed, “l(fā)earning how to learn” activities recommended by advocates of “open” classrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading．Before 1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run-Spot-Run” readers．
However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate”  in beginning reading．In his best-seller Why Johnny Can’t Read, Flesch indicted（控訴）the nation’s public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method．He said – and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra later confirmed – that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics, is far superior．
Systematic phonics first teaches children to associate letters and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words．Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, it imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned．Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step．
小題1:The author indicts the look-say reading approach because ________．
A．it overlooks decoding
B．Rudolf Flesch agrees with him
C．he says it is boring
D．many schools continue to use this method
小題2:One major difference between the look-say method of learning reading and the phonics method is _________．
A．look-say is simpler
B．Phonics takes longer to learn
C．look-say is easier to teach
D．phonics gives readers access to far more words
小題3:The phrase “touch-off”（Para 3, Line 1） most probably means _________．
A．talk about shortlyB．start or cause
C．compare withD．oppose

小題1:A
小題1:D
小題1:B
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

University is generally regarded as one of the most important times in a person’s life, yet the function of this institution continues to arouse debate. Many believe that arts subjects are  too easy, that practical skills are more useful and that a chosen subject for study should be clearly linked to a career. However, this view is far too simplistic. Arts subjects are very difficult. They can prepare students for any number of careers as well as allowing the student to take time to make a decision. The function of the modern university is to cater to different types of student.
Arts subjects are not easy. For example, a degree in Literature is not an easy option. No question in a Literature class has a single, simple answer. Debate is conducted in a spirit of openness, texts are very closely analyzed and skills in close reading are developed. Literature is about language, our primary means of communication. Arts subjects require the same concentrated study as any other subject.
Arts subjects can prepare students for any number of careers. A degree in an arts subject teaches skills in well organized debates and defence of a position through the provision of evidence. These are applicable to many types of career. Law, for example. The point is that an undergraduate degree in any Arts subject trains the student in analysis and structure. Therefore, Arts graduates can pursue any number of careers.
Arts subjects allow the student to take time to choose a career. Love of the subject for its own sake may well be the initial motivation for the Arts undergraduate but because the subject they have chosen is not so clearly linked to a career they have time to reflect, making a decision only when they are absolutely certain. Students who pursue Arts subjects therefore have the leisure to make a carefully considered choice.
In conclusion, it is clear that Arts subjects are not a waste of time. They are flexible when it comes to relating them to a career and they allow the student to discover an appropriate career path. Many industries now acknowledge that a degree in Literature can be just as valuable as any other subject, especially when it is evident that Arts graduates tend to think more creatively. Not all undergraduates have clearly defined goals and not all subjects can be simply matched to a career. Acknowledging this difference should be the main function of a modern university
小題1: What does the author mainly argue in this article?   
A．Universities should be aware of diversityB．Universities should focus on practical courses.
C．Arts courses should be promoted.D．Arts subjects are inappropriate for work.
小題2:What does the author imply about universities’ attitude to students?   
A．They need to be more understanding of students’ needs.
B．They need to keep out arts students.
C．They need to link courses to careers.
D．They need to offer more arts courses.
小題3:The author suggests that technical subjects ____________.  
A．a(chǎn)re more important than arts subjects.B．a(chǎn)re more useful to the modern world.
C．have equal value to arts subjects.D．a(chǎn)re not as important as arts subjects.
小題4:From the article, we know skills acquired by arts undergraduates include___________. 
A．Perception and investigationB．Technique and motivation
C．Appreciation and dedicationD．Analysis and structure
小題5:According to the author, the students choose arts courses initially because ___________. 
A．they are unsure about a careerB．they are interested in the subject
C．they hate technical subjectsD．they are creative people

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Having put down your pens at the end of the college entrance exam, you have ended 12 years of hard study. Forget your studies for a while. It’s time to enjoy yourselves!
There are many ways to celebrate this special month of graduation. You can have photos taken with your classmates and teachers, or dine out together and exchange gifts.
High school students in Western countries such as the United States and Canada usually have a prom to mark their graduation. It’s to mark the time kids turn into young men and women. After the prom, teenagers either go to college or find a job. It means they are no longer as dependent on their parents as they were before.
At the prom, boys usually dress in dinner jackets and bow ties, though many different types of formal clothes are worn. Traditionally, girls give boys matching boutonnieres ( 佩帶在扣眼上的花). Girls traditionally wear formal dresses, or dress to shock or be noticed, in shiny or brightly colored materials.
Common prom activities include dining, dancing, the crowning (加冠) of a prom king and queen, and just talking to friends.  In some cases, high school students collect funds for their class prom through the four years of their high school.
High schools in or near large cities may rent ballrooms at expensive hotels or, to be unusual, in a pleasure cruise boat.
But often costs are cut by simply using the school gym. Students make a lot of effort to decorate the gym to make the event special. The music played at the prom will be the most popular kinds, like rock and hip-hop.
The students elect the Prom Queen. She is partnered with a Prom King who is elected similarly. These are great honors that the pair take very seriously. The two dance with each other to celebrate their election.
小題1:The word "prom" is probably closest in meaning with________.
A．a(chǎn) party to celebrate graduationB．a(chǎn) dancing competition
C．a(chǎn) fashion showD．a(chǎn)n election ceremony
小題2:Which of the following is an economical way to hold the prom?
A．Renting a ballroom.B．Taking a cruise boat.
C．Holding it in the school gym.D．Wearing informal dresses.
小題3: What clearly indicates that prom is very important to students?
A．Music is played at the prom.
B．They take pictures at the prom.
C．The King and Queen dance with each other.
D．They wear formal clothes or special clothes.
小題4:For what do the students just talk to friends at a prom?
A．They don’t want to get help from their parents.
B．They will part with their friends in a short time.
C．They don’t like to be accompanied by their parents.
D．They want to be elected by their friends as the Prom King or Queen.
小題5:How is the prom significant to the students?
A．They can be relieved from the study pressure.
B．They are going to say goodbye to their friends.
C．They have chances to be elected as the Prom King or Queen.
D．The prom marks the graduation and after it they will be independent.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Water problems in the future will become more intense and more complex. Our increasing population will tremendously increase urban wastes, primarily sewage. On the other hand, increasing demands for water will decrease substantially the amount of water available for diluting wastes. Rapidly expanding industries which involve more and more complex chemical processes will produce larger volumes of liquid wastes, and many of these will contain chemicals which are noxious. To feed our rapidly expanding population, agriculture will have to be intensified. This will involve ever - increasing quantities of agricultural chemicals. From this, it is apparent that drastic steps must be taken immediately to develop corrective measures for the pollution problem.
There are two ways by which this pollution problem can be dwindled(減少). The first relates to the treatment of wastes to decrease their pollution hazard . This involves the processing of solid wastes "prior to" disposal and the treatment of liquid wastes, or effluents, to permit the reuse of the water or minimize pollution upon final disposal .
A second approach is to develop an economic use for all or a part of the wastes. Farm manure is spread in fields as a nutrient or organic supplement. Effluents from sewage disposal plants are used in some areas both for irrigation and for the nutrients contained. Effluents from other processing plants may also be used as a supplemental source of water. Many industries, such as meat and poultry processing plants, are currently converting former waste products into marketable byproducts. Other industries are potential economic uses for waste products.
小題1:The purpose of this passage is ________.
A．to alert the reader to the dwindling water supply
B．to explain industrial uses of water
C．to acquaint the reader with water pollution problems
D．to demonstrate various measures to solve the pollution problem
小題2:Which of the following points is NOT included in the passage?
A．Industrial development includes the simplification of complex chemical processes.
B．Diluting wastes needs certain amount of water.
C．Demands for water will go up along with the expanding population .
D．Intensive cultivation of land require more and more chemicals.
小題3:The reader can conclude that _________.
A．countries of the world will work together on pollution problems
B．byproducts from wastes lead to a more prosperous marketplace
C．science is making great progress in increasing water supplies
D．some industries are now making economic use of wastes
小題4:The author gives substance to the passage through the use of________.
A．interviews with authorities in the field of water controls
B．opinions and personal observations
C．definitions which clarify important terms
D．strong arguments and persuasions
小題5:The underlined words "prior to"(para. 2)probably man________.
A．a(chǎn)fterB．duringC．beforeD．beyond

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Colleges may try to do a lot to prepare students for study abroad – telling about culture shock, warning about homesickness, recommending books about the country. But when it comes to adjusting to campus life when they return, schools haven't done as much, even though the transition is sometimes almost as difficult.
"They can feel disoriented and depressed. They find things are not exactly the way they were when they left," said Antonio Jimenez, director of the Center for International Affairs at California State University Channel Islands in Camarillo, California, US. "They find that people don't care much about their experiences."
Some colleges are now rethinking their approach to study abroad, recognizing that students might need almost as much help adjusting to life back home as they did getting ready to leave: students experience a sort of reverse culture shock when they return to the US.
They might be troubled by the wealth and waste they see back home or they might feel homesick for their new country and its customs. And when they try to talk about their experiences, people quickly lose interest, especially if they haven't lived abroad themselves.
Down the road, they also might find it difficult to translate their time abroad into experience that an employer finds attractive.
Some California universities have organized conferences to help students make the most of their time abroad. During a one-day event, students learn how to adjust after living abroad, talk about their experiences and incorporate them into their lives and future careers.
Blythe Cherney, 22, a senior who has studied in Thailand and Britain, found the workshops helpful.
"Any experience abroad does have an effect on you," Cherney said. "When you come back, it's important to talk about it, especially with people who know what you've been through."
Yet most universities focus more on preparation than reorientation. When students return, they might have a welcome home reception. But for the most part, universities figure students can fend for themselves.
小題1:Which of the following is NOT the trouble that students face when they return from studying overseas?  
A．Culture shockB．Homesick for their new country
C．Losing interest in their homelandD．Difficult transition
小題2:The wrier is _________ the help colleges offer for the students when they return from studying overseas?   
A．pleased withB．dissatisfied with
C．indifferent withD．proud of
小題3:The underlined word “workshops” refers to _________.   
A．conferences where people share their experiences
B．buildings where machines are made
C．shops where books are bought
D．labs where experiments are conduct
小題4:After the students come back_________.                
A．They will easily find a good job.
B．People are very interested in their experiences.
C．They have to waste time and money.
D．They are confused and disappointed.
小題5:What is the passage mainly about?     
A．Overseas students experience culture shock in foreign countries.
B．Some universities offer to help students in need.
C．Returned students find it difficult to translate their time abroad into experience.
D．Returning from studying overseas, students face more trouble than they expected.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Although many butterflies remain to be decreasing in the long run, last year three quarters of endangered species saw an increase in number, including some rare species.
Experts said the improvement in the butterflies’ fortunes was likely to be the result of effective action on protection, such as leaving open wetland in woods where flowers can grow, and better weather in 2010 after three damaging wet summers.
Dr Tom Brereton said butterflies are extremely sensitive to changes in the weather. Last year saw a warm summer for successful feeding, which helped a number of butterflies in some way.
He even said climate change could be benefiting some butterfly species but many other butterfly species suffer from it. For example, the mountain ringlet suffers as it needs cold climates. And at the same time, the change is too rapid for most to get used to.
In the long run butterfly numbers have continued to drop, with three quarters of the nearly 60 species found in Britain seeing numbers fall in recent decades and nearly half of them seriously threatened.
The Lulworth skipper, one of the UK’s rarest butterflies, had its worst year since 1976, and there are people worrying that changing the environment to benefit other species may be harming this kind of butterfly. Wild flowers have been grown in some places to help other butterflies but the Lulworth skipper needs long grass and wild areas. Meadow browns, the country’s most common species, also had the worst year on record. Some other kinds of butterflies also had a bad year.
However, in the short term many butterflies saw an increase in number in 2010 compared to 2009 levels.
…
小題1:Which was a reason for the increase in the number of the butterflies last year?
A．The protection of humans.B．A wet summer.
C．Changes in the butterflies’ habits.D．The decrease in wetland in woods.
小題2:We can learn from Dr Tom Brereton’s words that       .
A．the mountain ringlet can quickly adapt to climate change
B．butterflies can help slow down climate change
C．climate change can be both beneficial and harmful to butterflies
D．other kinds of animals also suffer from climate change
小題3:What is most likely to be discussed in the following paragraph?
A．Why some butterflies decreased in number in 2010.
B．How to protect butterflies in the coming winter.
C．Effects of climate change on butterflies.
D．Examples of butterflies that have increased in number.
小題4:What is the passage mainly about?
A．Some butterflies in Britain have had a good year.
B．Butterflies in Britain have different habits.
C．Butterflies are well protected in Britain.
D．Butterflies are disappearing from Britain.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Finding the right school for your child is a process． You will want to read about the school, talk to any friends who are involved in the school and, most important of all, visit the school．
The first step in finding out about Indian Creek is to request an information packet． We will be happy to send you a packet containing a brochure（小冊子）, the fee structure and an application． The packet should answer most of your general questions about the school．
In order to get a true sense of Indian Creek School, you should come for an Admission Tour, which includes a personal meeting focusing on your child, a tour of the building and the classrooms, and a discussion of the curriculum（課程）．
This visit is no less important if the child for whom you are seeking admission is a teenager than if he or she is a three-year-old one． Every school has a different “school climate．” If you visit two or three schools, you will notice that each “feels” different． You know your child best and you will quickly develop a sense of whether a school is the right match or not．
●The initial point of entry for Indian Creek Students is at the pre-kindergarten level for three year olds．
●Children must be three years old by August 31st．
●We also have major points of entry from grade six to grade nine． At each of these levels, we open new sections and accept students in addition to those moving up from our own lower grades．
●There are scattered（零散的） openings available throughout the program due to attrition（學生流失）． Once an opening occurs, students spend a day at ICS, part of which includes admission testing．
小題1:You can NOT get to know about ICS by      ．
A．getting an information packetB．taking an admission tour
C．a(chǎn)sking friends involved in ICSD．taking an admission test
小題2:During the Admission Tour, you can      ．
A．having a meeting with the children
B．decide on the design of the classrooms
C．talk with the school about the courses
D．choose the weather suitable for study．
小題3:Which of the following is NOT accepted for ICS when there is no attrition?
A．A boy who will be 3 years old by July．
B．A fifth grader originally studying in ICS．
C．An eighth grader from another school．
D．A fourth grader from another school．
小題4:The text is intended for      ．
A．teachersB．parents
C．kindergarteners D．school kids

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The college entrance exam is not only a big challenge (挑戰(zhàn)) for Chinese high school students, but also a very important exam in the lives of South Korean students.
Although the long, cold winter has already started in South Korea, the annual (一年一度的) national exams have made the atmosphere very heated.
More than 675,000 South Korean high school graduates took the college entrance exam last Wednesday. They usually take exams in Korean, maths, sociology (社會學), history and foreign languages.
Officially there is one college place for every 1.33 students. But because all the students want to go to the top universities in the country, the competition can reach one place for 10 students. The students want to attend these colleges for both their famous names and better job opportunities.
Because students face fierce competition, they have to study very hard to realize their dreams. Park Seung said he and his classmates often go to school before 7:30 a.m. After school has finished at 6:30 p.m., most of them go to the library to continue their study instead of returning home. Since many libraries in South Korea are open 24 hours a day, they often stay long into the night. Many of the Senior 3 students only sleep for three to four hours a day. “I feel a lot of pressure, but I have to study very hard in order to make my dream come true. This is my lifetime goal and it will be a turning point in my life which could decide my future,” Park said.
The exam day is a very serious day for the whole of South Korea. Vehicles are not allowed within a 200-metre radius (范圍) of all the test sites to make sure the students have quiet surroundings. Tooting (吹奏) of horns is forbidden, even airplanes are ordered to avoid landing and take-off near the test sites during listening comprehension test hours.
Students are told their scores in December before they apply for college. This is followed by face-to-face oral tests. There are public and private universities in South Korea. Many private universities are well-known, but their fees can be 18, 000 yuan each term. This has made a lot of students think again.
小題1:What do we know about South Korean annual national exams?
A．Senior 3 students have to compete fiercely because there is only one place for 10 students.
B．Senior 3 students have to stay long into night at school.
C．Many of the Senior 3 students can’t have enough sleep.
D．Airplanes are ordered to avoid landing and take-off during national exams.
小題2:We can infer that there are almost ________ college places for high school graduates.
A．675, 000B．507, 520C．500, 000D．600, 000
小題3:The students want to study in top colleges mainly because ________.
A．they can succeed more easily in futureB．they can learn more
C．they can make more moneyD．it is interesting to study there
小題4: Before students are allowed to colleges ________.
A．they will be interviewedB．they will ask questions of colleges
C．they will not be tested any moreD．first they will pay all the education fee at all

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Sitting across from his teacher, Edgar Martinez repeated the word he couldn't quite pronounce: "situation"．The teacher, LisaMojsin, hired to help Martinez reduce his accent, said the word slowly; "Sit-chew-a-shun．" "I wish he had taught me this 20 years ago．" said Martinez, 37, who comes from Mexico and lives in Los Angeles．In private tutoring classes throughout the nation, immigrants are focused on sounding more American．
Accent reduction classes have been around for years, but experts say．"As our workforce becomes more and more global, these classes are becoming more and more popular．" Private tutors said they answer calls almost daily from students, when just a few years ago the phones rang only occasionally．Author Amy Gillett said that sales of her book and CD set, "Speak English Like an American", have increased three times in the last few years．Judy Ravin, President of the Accent Reduction Institute, said she has hundreds of students who follow her program, "Lose Your Accent in 28 Days"．
Though there is a general tolerance for diversity, experts said, reality has made some immigrants who sound different feel unwelcome．If someone speaks with an accent associated with an Asian language, they may work as engineers or computer scientists．If someone speaks with certain Spanish accents, people may think they are recent immigrants working in landscaping or the hospitality industry （招待性行業(yè)）．A French accent gives images of romance．An Australian accent brings to mind adventure and fun．
Accent reduction students said they are aware of how they sound and whether their accents limit their job opportunities or spoil their social lives．Jennie Lo, aged 43, said her accent has been an embarrassment．Sometimes people couldn't even understand her when she said her name．While in college in Oklahoma, Lo said she didn't make many friends, tearing that no one could make out her words．Lo is now taking accent reduction classes and hopes to apply for a manager position at work．"I just want to feel good about myself," she said．"If I really work hard, if I practice every day, I can't be perfect．But I can be better．"
小題1:In the whole passage, the first paragraph serves as a（n） _____．
A．introductionB．comment
C．explanationD．background
小題2:What does the author want to express in the second paragraph?
A．The effect that popular accent reduction classes have．
B．The fact that accent reduction classes become popular．
C．The steps how accent reduction classes become popular．
D．The reasons why accent reduction classes become popular．
小題3:If someone speaks with certain Asian accents, people may think _____．
A．they are romanticB．they are hospitality workers
C．they are computer scientistsD．they love adventure and fun
小題4:What is Jennie Lo's attitude towards her taking accent reduction classes?
A．Confident．B．Helpless．
C．Proud．D．Anxious．

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