In 2030, 42 percent of American adults will be obese, and about one-quarter of that group will be severely obese, a condition that shortens life and wastes large medical expenses, a new study predicts.
Obesity related ailments — diabetes, heart disease, kidney failure — consume at least 9 percent of health-care spending the United States. Some researchers believe the cost may be twice that estimate. Total health spending is about $2.6 trillion a year.
In 2030, 42 percent of people are projected to be obese, and 11 percent severely obese. Obesity is a body mass index , which suggests 85 kg for someone 1.67 meters tall. Severe obesity is 112 kg for someone that height.
Obesity is rising in higher-income men. Severe obesity is increasing in both sexes. It was 6.2 percent in women in 1999 and 8.1 percent in 2010. For men, it was 3.1 percent in 1999 and 4.4 percent in 2010.
It is believed that the obesity rate is closely related to the following factors: the price of gasoline, which discourages walking when it is low; access to the Internet (and other technologies), which encourages long periods of sitting still; and restaurants per 10,000 people, which increases eating out and weight gain when the number goes up.
Urgent measures must be taken to inspire people to exercise more and educate people about better eating habits before too many people will be suffering from being . obese.
小題1:The word “ailments” in the second paragraph is equal to _______.
A．DiabetesB．Heart diseaseC．Kidney failureD．Diseases
小題2:If a man aged 35 is about 1.65 meters tall and weighs 65 kg, he is
probably _____ according to the passage.
A．ObeseB．Severely obeseC．NormalD．Overweight
小題3:According to the passage, which of the following facts contributes to the obesity rate?
A．People are used to eating out in restaurants.
B．People do not have free access to the Internet.
C．The price of gasoline is going up steadily.
D．The number of higher-income women is on the increase.

小題1:D
小題2:C
小題3:A
文章講述的是肥胖會造成的一些疾病和產(chǎn)生肥胖的原因
小題1:猜測詞義題，根據(jù)后面的 diabetes, heart disease, kidney failure可知，該詞是疾病的意思
小題2:推理判斷題，根據(jù)which suggests 85 kg for someone 1.67 meters tall可知，題中所給出的數(shù)據(jù)是正常情況
小題3:事實細節(jié)題，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的restaurants per 10,000 people, which increases eating out and weight gain when the number goes up可知，人們出去到餐館吃飯會導致肥胖
練習冊系列答案
相關(guān)習題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

There are many ways to keep kids of all ages physically fit besides sports.
If your child is a natural athlete or ___1____ lover, he or she is probably already active and __2___ easy to get moving. But if, like me, you are the parent of a junior sofa potato, complete with a(n) __3____ controller in one hand and a bag of potato chips in the other, you know what it is like to have your ___4__ to go outside to play met with, at best, silence or at worst, cry and ___5___.
If logic, threats and lectures on health don’t work, turn to __6___: trick him or her into liking by making it into fun. __7____ enjoyment, not pressure or physical fitness or anything that seems to be “good for you”. That is where the dancing and nature walks ___8____. Health experts say that the answer to the question, “Which type of exercise is best for my child?” is “Whichever one he or she likes best.” It doesn’t have to be swimming or soccer or gymnastics. ____9___ play, especially with the rest of the family, will ___10___ the body’s requirements for regular aerobic movement (有氧運動) just well, and won’t ever seem like exercising.
___11____, if nature is an interest, walk vigorously around finding every leaf, insect, and _12___ print in the park. If rock radio is the station of choice, ___13____ to the music. Get the family members playing catch, touch football together. Organize a(n) __14____ science group to walk around your neighborhood and pick your rubbish. Make every trip to the pool an excuse for playing games in the water together.
Remember that the goal is to set a pattern for lifelong fitness. And if you don’t make it _15___, kids are never going to keep it up.
小題1:
A．musicB．a(chǎn)rtC．sportsD．literature
小題2:
A．presentlyB．relativelyC．eventuallyD．feasibly
小題3:
A．a(chǎn)ir-conditionerB．cooking stove
C．electrical-applianceD．video-game
小題4:
A．a(chǎn)dviceB．a(chǎn)ccountC．educationD．promise
小題5:
A．protestB．a(chǎn)pproveC．a(chǎn)ccuseD．propose
小題6:
A．treatmentB．philosophyC．democracyD．psychology
小題7:
A．ReduceB．AbandonC．EmphasizeD．Response
小題8:
A．give inB．come inC．result inD．believe in
小題9:
A．ActiveB．FairC．PassiveD．Rough
小題10:
A．graspB．outlineC．explainD．satisfy
小題11:
A．For exampleB．By contrastC．In proportionD．At most
小題12:
A．criminalB．a(chǎn)nimalC．fingerD．color
小題13:
A．listenB．a(chǎn)djustC．moveD．a(chǎn)ttend
小題14:
A．militaryB．environmentC．economicD．political
小題15:
A．enjoymentB．regulationC．strictnessD．discipline

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Why do people drink too much, eat too much, smoke cigarettes or take drugs? What’s to blame for all the bad behavior? Most people would say that, while these self-destructive acts can have many root causes, they all have one obvious thing in common: they are all examples of failures of self-control, lacking the will power to resist them.
According to a recent study, however, if you really think about it, something about that simple answer doesn’t quite make sense. In fact, it turns out that sometimes it’s having will power that really gets you into trouble.
Think back to the time you took your very first sip of beer. Disgusting, wasn’t it? When my father gave me my first taste of beer as a teenager, I wondered why anyone would voluntarily drink it. And smoking? No one enjoys their first cigarette — it tastes awful. So even though smoking, and drinking alcohol or coffee, can become temptation(attraction) you need will power to resist, they never, ever start out that way.
Just getting past those first horrible experiences actually requires a lot of self-control. Ironically (諷刺的是), only those who can control themselves well, rather than give in to them, can ever come to someday develop a “taste” for Budweiser beer, Marlboro cigarettes, or dark-roasted Starbucks coffee. We do it for social acceptance. We force ourselves to consume alcohol, cigarettes, coffee and even illegal drugs, in order to seem experienced, grown-up, and cool.
These bad habits aren’t self-control failures — far from it. They are voluntary choices, and they are in fact self-control successes. Self-control is simply a tool to be put to some use, helpful or harmful. To live happy and productive lives, we need to develop not only our self-control, but also the wisdom to make good decisions about when and where to apply it.
小題1:What do most people think causes bad behavior?
A．Being forced by others. B．Not having enough will power.
C．Enjoying their first experiences.D．Following the examples of their friends.
小題2:The author mentions his experience in the third paragraph to prove ____.
A．will power helps develop bad habits sometimes
B．drinking beer is harmful to the health of teenagers
C．self-control should be developed when one is young
D．everyone can be challenged by different temptations
小題3:In the last paragraph, the author stresses(強調(diào)) that ____.
A．without self-control, no one can succeed
B．bad habits don’t always lead to bad results
C．a(chǎn)pplying self-control correctly is important
D．people can develop wisdom from bad behavior
小題4:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．My First Sip of BeerB．Do You Have Will Power ?
C．Will Power Benefits UsD．Dark Side of Self-control

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

“In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight.”
“Two full inches in the first three days!”
These are the kinds of statements used in magazine, newspaper, radio and television ads, promising good shapes and new look to those who buy the medicine or the device. The promoters of products say they can shape the legs, slim the face, smooth wrinkles, or in some other way add to beauty or desirability.
Often such products are nothing more than money-making things for their promoters. The results they produce are questionable, and some are dangerous to health.
To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public, it is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation. If the product is a drug, FDA (Food Drug Administration) can require proof under the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act that it is safe and effective before it is put on the market. But if the product is a device, FDA has no authority to require premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness. If a product already on the market is a danger to health, FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily, or it can take legal action, including seizure (查封) of the product.
One notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the Relaxacisor, which had been sold for reducing the waistline. The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads. FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds that was dangerous to health and life.
Obviously, most of the devices on the market have never been the subject of court proceedings (法律訴訟), and new devices appear continually, Before buying, it is up to the consumer to judge the safety or effectiveness of such items.
小題1:It can be inferred that ads mentioned in the text are_____.
A．objectiveB．costlyC．unbelievableD．illegal
小題2:The Relaxacisor is mentioned as______.
A．a(chǎn) product which was designed to produce electricity
B．a(chǎn) product whose distributor was involved in a legal case
C．a(chǎn) successful advertisement of a beauty product
D．a(chǎn)n example of a quality beauty product
小題3:The author intends to______.
A．make consumers aware of the promoters’ false promise
B．show the weakness of the law on product safety
C．give advice on how to keep young and beautiful
D．introduce the organization of FDA
小題4:Which of the following is true according to the text?
A. The court is in charge of removing dangerous products.
B. New products are more likely to be questionable.
C. The production of a device must be approved by FDA.
D. The promoters usually just care about profits.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Depression(抑郁癥)is a serious problem today．Depression causes workers to be unproductive，causing companies and countries to lose billions of dollars．One expert says that depression is like cancer because it is “widespread，costly and deadly”．Depression hits one person in five around the world．
Although people have believed depression to be a problem among the rich and educated，studies show that depression is a problem among everyone。Over any six-month period，between five to seven percent of the world's population will be suffering from a serious depression．
suicide(自殺)rates among people suffering from the disease in its extreme，or clinical form were 80 percent higher than in the population at large，and sufferers were four times more likely to have heart attacks. People who suffer from depression often have problems sleeping，getting up on time，and doing work productively．
Depression，which researchers agree has its origin in the genes(基因)，brings loss of confidence and ability to concentrate-making it impossible for employees and managers to work efficiently．
Depression is made more serious in China by Chinese's inability to face it．Many people believe that depressed people are either weak or lazy．  Besides，there is no good treatment，with few specialists available．
“Most patients in China just don't get help，”a Chinese doctor says．“In my hospital．I have to see 30 or 40 patients in a morning，just have time to say “Hello how do you feel？”
In Western countries，people are not afraid to admit that they have depression，but most do not tell it to their boss，because they fear that their boss would fire them．
“In my experience，aging bosses are the most willing to admit they have it. Because they feel the most secure about themselves，”an American doctor says．
Hopefully，in the near future，people around the world will be able to admit that they have depression so that they can get the right treatment．
小題1:Which of the following is true according to the passage？
A．It is widely believed that everyone may suffer from depression．
B．Depression brings great problems to its sufferers in their life and work
C．Depression is a commonly-existing problem only in rich countries．
D．The poorer and the less educated a person is，the less he will suffer from depression．
小題2:Compared to normal people，the depressed people are likely to be▁▁▁．
A．very unconfident and often absent-minded
B．easy to avoid being hit by heart attacks
C．working efficiently and productively
D．either weak or lazy
小題3:Depression becomes more serious in China because of．
A．the understanding of the problem
B．the lack of treatment and doctors
C．their unwillingness to tell it to their boss
D．the doctors' careless work
小題4:What can we infer from the passage?
A．People are suffering from depression because of the shortage of specialists．
B．The aging bosses around the world dare to say they are depressed．
C．More and more patients will turn to specialists for help．
D．Western people are braver than Chinese people．

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Eating too much fatty food, exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease. But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately: the air you breathe.
Previous studies have linked high exposure (暴露）to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problem, but two analyses now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke (中風）within as little as a few hours after exposure. In one review of the research, scientists found that people exposed to high levels of pollutants (污染物）were up to 5% more likely to suffer a heart attack within days of exposure than those with lower exposure. A separate study of stroke patients showed that even air that the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers to be of “moderate” (良好）quality and relatively safe for our health can raise the risk of stroke as much as 34% within 12 to 14 hours of exposure.
The authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively small for healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure. However, it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices. So stricter regulation by the EPA of pollutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.
小題1:The text mainly discusses the relationship between       .   
A．heart problems and air quality
B．heart problems and exercising
C．heart problems and smoking
D．heart problems and fatty food
小題2:The underlined word “modest” in Paragraph 3 most probably means   .
A．relatively highB．extremely low
C．relatively lowD．extremely high
小題3:What can we learn from the text?  
A．Eating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart.
B．The EPA conducted many studies on air quality.
C．Moderate air quality is more harmful than smoking,
D．Stricter regulations on pollutants should be made.
小題4:The author’s purpose of writing the text is most likely to        .
A．informB．persuade C．describe D．entertain

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a damaged brain. Without enough blood, the brain lives for only three to five minutes. More often the doctors can’t fix the damage．Sometimes they are afraid to try something to help because it is dangerous to work on the brain. The doctors might make the person worse if he operates on the brain.
Dr．Robert White, a famous professor and doctor, thinks he knows a way to help. He thinks doctors should make the brain very cold. If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctor a longer time to do something for the brain．
Dr．White tried his idea on 13 monkeys. First he taught them to do different jobs, then he operated on them. He made the monkeys’ blood go through a machine. The machine cooled the blood. Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys’ brains. When the brain’s temperature was 10 ℃, Dr．White stopped the blood to the brain. After 30 minutes he turned the blood back on. He warmed the blood again. After their operations the monkeys were like they had been before. They were healthy and busy. Each one could still do the jobs the doctor had taught them．
小題1:The biggest difficulty in operating on the damaged brain is that____ ．
A．the time is too short for doctors
B．the patients are often too nervous
C．the damage is extremely hard to fix
D．the blood-cooling machine might break down
小題2:The brain operation was made possible mainly by____ ．
A．taking the blood out of the brain
B．trying the operation on monkeys first
C．having the blood go through a machine
D．lowering the brain’s temperature
小題3:With Dr. White’s new idea, the operation on the damaged brain____ ．
A．can last as long as 30 minutes
B．can keep the brain’s blood warm
C．can keep the patient’s brain healthy
D．can help monkeys do different jobs
小題4:What is the right order of the steps in the operation?
a．send the cooled blood back to the brain 　　b．stop the blood to the brain
c．have the blood cooled down 　　         d．operate on the brain
A．a(chǎn),b,c,dB．c,a,b,dC．c,b,d,aD．b,c,d,a

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項中(A、B、C和 D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
Most of us feel upset if we miss just one meal, and if we try to go without food for 12 hours we would really be uncomfortable. But there are some people who seem able to “fast” for very long periods.
Various records are claimed for long fast, but in most cases there is no medical proof and so the records are doubtful. One South African woman claimed that she lived for 102 days on nothinig but water and soda water.
There are great differences among living things in the ability to survive without food. For example , a tick（扁虱）, which lives on animals, may survive a whole year. Warm-blooded animals use up their stores of food in the body more quickly.
In fact, the smaller and more active the animal, the more quickly it uses up its reserves. A small bird starves to death in about five days, a dog in about twenty. In general, we can say that a warm-blooded creature will die when it has lost about half its normal weight.
This matter of weight is important. Man and other creatures live in a state of metabolic equiplibrium（新陳代謝的平衡）which means maintaining the body weight once a certain point has been reached. This regulation of body weight is done by thirst, hunger, and appetite.
When your blood lacks nutritional materials, this registers（記錄）in the hunger center of the brain and you feel “hungry”. The body is crying out for any kind of fuel(food). And it is our appetite that sees to it hat we chooose a mixed diet, which is the kind the body needs.
小題1:According to this passage, a man will die _________.
A．when a certain point in losing weight has been reached.
B．when his blood lacks nutritional material
C．when his normal weight is lost
D．when he goes without food for more than 12 hours
小題2:The word “fast” in Paragraph 1 can best be replaced by ________.
A．eat no foodB．live merely on water and soda water
C．live on nothingD．remains alive for a long time without food
小題3:A tick can survive much longer than a bird because ________.
A．a(chǎn) tick lives on animalsB．a(chǎn) tick is much smaller
C．a(chǎn) bird is more activeD．both B and C
小題4:A person feels hungry _________.
A．if he doesn’t choose a mixed diet
B．because his body cries out for food
C．when soemthing is wrong with regulation of body weight
D．if there are not enough nutritional in his blood
小題5:From the passage we can infer that the author ________.
A．believes the South African woman very firmly
B．does not believe the South African woman at all
C．is not certain whether the South African woman’s claim was true.
D．is doubtful whether there was such a South African woman

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
__小題1:__ Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of finger-prints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case.
The ridge(隆起) structure on a person’s fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by surface injuries. Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one, which bears a reproduction of the original pattern. __小題2:_ Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own finger-prints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take.
Finger-prints can be made very easily with printer’s ink. They can be recorded easily. __小題3:_ Because of the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case. A suspected man may deny a charge but this may be in vain. __小題4:_ When a suspect leaves finger-prints behind at the scene of a crime, they are difficult to detect(察覺) with the naked eye. __小題5:__ Some of the marks found are incomplete but identification is possible if a print of a quarter of an inch square can be obtained.
A．Special techniques are used to “develop” them.
B．A fingerprint is an impression of the friction ridges of all part of the finger.
C．It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed.
D．With special methods, identification can be achieved successfully within a short time.
E. A latent(潛在的) print is the chance reproduction of the friction ridges deposited on the surface of an item.
F. His finger-prints can prove who he is even if his appearance has been changed by age or accident.
G. Every human being has a unique arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable.

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習冊答案