One afternoon last week, I saw three tearful children from my son’s school being comforted by teachers. That morning, my 11-year-old had stomach pains, retching（干嘔）into a bowl. Talking to other mothers later, I heard about other children with stomachache or difficult sleeping the night before.
What caused so much pain? Sports day. Sports day might be necessary at a highly-competitive independent school, but not at a village primary school. For the children who can fly like the wind, sports day cause no problem. For those who are overweight or just not good at sport, it is nightmare（噩夢(mèng)）. Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway down the track in front of the entire school and their parents, it can prove a disease.
Why do we put our children through this annual suffering? Some may say competition is character building; or it’s taking part, not winning, that’s important; or that’s a tradition of school life. I just felt great pity for those children in tears or in pain.
Team games at the end of sports day produced some close races, wild enthusiasm, lots of shouting — and were fun to watch. More importantly, the children who were not so fast or quick at passing the ball were hidden a little from everyone’s eyes. Some of them also had the thrill of being on the winning side.
I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less competitive event. Perhaps an afternoon of team games, with a few races for those who want them, would be less stressful for the children and a lot more fun to watch.
小題1:What can we learn about the author’s son from Paragraph 1?
A．He talked with some mothers.
B．He comforted his classmates.
C．He had difficulty in sleeping.
D． He suffered from stomachache.
小題2:Sports day is still an annul event in this school probably because __________.
A．this is an independent school
B．it is a tradition of the school
C．it helps children lose weight
D．children enjoy watching sports
小題3:What does the author think about team games?
A．They should include more stressful races.
B．They are acceptable to different children.
C．They should be abandoned at primary school.
D．They are less fun for those who love running.
小題4:What is the author’s attitude towards sports day?
A．Critical.B．Neutral.C．Positive.D．Ambiguous.

小題1:D
小題2:B
小題3:B
小題4:A

試題分析：文章大意：作者主要介紹孩子學(xué)校體育節(jié)中的競(jìng)爭性運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)給孩子帶來的傷害，并希望用其他的運(yùn)動(dòng)來代替競(jìng)爭性的運(yùn)動(dòng)。
小題1:D 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段的my 11-year-old had stomach pains我11歲的孩子得了胃痛，可知選D。
小題2:B 考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段的……that it is a tradition of school life可知這是學(xué)校生活的一種傳統(tǒng)，故選B。
小題3:B 考查判斷推理。根據(jù)文章的第二段：For the children who can fly like the wind, sports day cause no problem. For those who are overweight or just not good at sport, it is nightmare（噩夢(mèng)）. Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway down the track in front of the entire school and their parents, it can prove a disease.可知競(jìng)爭性的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)可能給不同的孩子帶來不一樣的結(jié)果，故選B。
小題4:A 考查判斷推理。根據(jù)文章最后一段I wish that sports day could be abandoned and replaced with some other less competitive event體育節(jié)應(yīng)被取消或者用競(jìng)爭性小一些的運(yùn)動(dòng)代替，可知選A。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


The space shuttle Columbia flared and broke up in the skies over Texas on Saturday, February 1,2003, killing the seven astronauts on board in what NASA and President Bush called a tragedy for the entire nation. NASA launched an investigation into the disaster and began searching for the astronauts' remains. It said that although there had been some data failures it was too early to nail down a precise cause. The break-up, 16 minutes before the shuttle was due to land at Kennedy Space Center in Florida, spread possibly toxic debris(有毒的殘骸) over a wide swath of Texas and neighboring states.
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Take-off and re-entry into Earth's atmosphere are the most dangerous parts of a space mission. In 42 years of US' human space flight, there had never been an accident in the descent to Earth or landing. Challenger exploded just after take-off.
Rescue teams scrambled to search for the remains of the crew, which included the first Israeli to fly on the shuttle, former combat pilot Col. Ilan Ramon. There were warnings that parts of a vast 120-mile-long corridor of debris could be toxic because of poisonous rocket propellant(推進(jìn)器).
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"The Columbia is lost. There are no survivors, …Their mission was almost complete and we lost them so close to home. … America's space program will go on," said a grim-faced Bush in a message broadcast on television, which included condolences to the families of the dead astronauts.
1. The word “descent” in the passage means ________.
A. taking off   B. landing      C. orbiting     D. walking down
2. Which is true of the Israeli astronaut Ilan Ramon?
A. He was the first Israeli astronaut to fly on the shuttle.
B. He was the first foreign astronaut to fly on the American shuttle.
C. He used to be a passenger plane pilot.
D. He was the only survivor in the Columbia disaster.
3. The Columbia disaster and the Challenger disaster were similar in that ________.
A. there were seven astronauts killed on board
B. both the shuttles exploded when they took off
C. Both the shuttles exploded when they were about to land
D. no human remains were found
4. Which of the following is wrong according to the news?
A. The U.S.A. will give up the space program because of the accident.
B. NASA hasn’t found the cause of the Columbia disaster.
C. Before the Columbia disaster, no shuttles had exploded in the course of landing.
D. Take-off and re-entry into Earth's atmosphere are the most dangerous parts of a space mission.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Thanksgiving Day is special holiday in the United States and Canada. Families and friends gather to eat and give thanks for their blessing.
Thanksgiving Day is really a harvest festival. This is why it is celebrated in late fall, after the crops are in. But one of the first thanksgivings in America had nothing to do with a good harvest. On December 4, 1619, the Pilgrims from England landed near what is now Charles City, Virginia. They knelt down and thanked God for their safe journey across the Atlantic.
The first New England Thanksgiving did celebrate a rich harvest. The Pilgrims landed at what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts, in 1620. They had a difficult time and the first winter was cruel. Many of the Pilgrims died. But the next year, they had a good harvest. So Governor Bradford declared a three-day feast（盛宴）. The Pilgrims invited Indian friends to join them for their special feast. Everyone brought food.In time, other colonies（殖民地）began to celebrate a day of thanksgiving. But it took years before there was a national Thanksgiving Day. During the Civil War, Sarah Josepha Hale persuaded Abraham Lincoln to do something about it. He proclaimed（宣布）the last Thursday of November 1863 as a day of thanksgiving. Today, Americans celebrate this happy harvest festival on the fourth Thursday in November. Canadians celebrate Thanksgiving Day in much the same way as their American neighbours. But the Canadian thanks-giving Day falls on the second Monday in October.
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A. in spring              B. summer  C. in autumn             D. in winter
2. The first to celebrate thanksgiving were      .
A. some people from England   B. the American Indians
C. Sarah Josepha Hale         D. Governor Bradford
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A. in the U. S. A.  B. in Great Britain
C. in Canada   D. on some island off the Atlantic
4. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Thanksgiving Day used to be a holiday to celebrate a good harvest.
B. Abraham Lincoln was not the first to decide on thanksgiving celebrations.
C. Thanksgiving Day is celebrated to express the American and Indian people’s thanks to God.
D. There’s little difference between the American way and the Canadian way to celebrate Thanksgiving Day.
5. The passage mainly tells us      .
A. how Thanksgiving Day is celebrated in the U. S. A.
B. how Thanksgiving Day came into being and the different ways it is celebrated
C. that Thanksgiving Day is in fact a harvest holiday
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

More and more people take part in marathons these days – over 30,000 people will run the London Marathon this weekend, for instance. But it’s not just the 26 miles and 385 yards that could be a daunting prospect. “I have to admit to being completely frustrated by the blocking and for 18-19 miles was just keeping away from people and being held up,” one participant grumbled after the 2012 London Marathon. “I had to overtake a lot of people and ended up with bruised（淤腫的）forearms from all the elbows,” said another.
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Treiber’s model of a marathon uses this same principle that the flow rate first increases and then decreases as the density of runners increases, thanks to an sudden switch from free to crowded flow. He assumes that there is a range of different preferred speeds for different runners, which each maintains throughout the race. With just these factors, Treiber can calculate the flow rate of runners, knowing the “carrying capacity”(承載能力)at each point on the route.
This allows Treiber to figure out how blocking might depend on the race conditions – for example, for different starting procedures. Some marathons start by letting all the runners set off at once (which means those at the back have to wait until those in front have moved forward). Others assign runners to various groups according to ability, and let them start in a series of waves.
Treiber has applied the model to the annual Rennsteig half-marathon in central Germany, which attracts around 6,000 participants. The traditional route had to be changed in 2013, because the police were no longer willing to close a road to ensure that runners could cross safely. It could pass either over a 60m wooden bridge or through a tunnel. Treiber used his model to predict the likely blocking caused in the various options. The model predicted that a mass start would risk an overload of runners if the bridge were to be used. Only by moving the starting point further back from the bridge could the danger be avoided – and even then, if some of the numbers assumed in the model were only slightly inaccurate, there was still a risk of jams at the bridge. On the other hand, no dangerous blocking seemed likely for the tunnel route. The run organizers consulted Treiber’s team, and eventually chose this option.
小題1:What is the worst thing while running a marathon?
A．The long distance.B．Too many participants.
C．The dangerous blocking.D．Serious injuries in forearms.
小題2:Which of the following statements is true?
A．James Lighthill is the first expert trying to model traffic flow.
B．The denser the flow is, the faster the flow rate becomes.
C．The flow rate increases in the beginning because fewer people passed together.
D．The flow rate increases first and then decreases later when the flow is too denser.
小題3:What is NOT true about the Rennsteig?
A．It has much less participants than the London Marathon in 2014.
B．It has a shorter distance than the London Marathon.
C．The route was changed because the traditional one is not safe any longer.
D．The participants running this marathon will pass a tunnel because this choice is safer.
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A．Make a comparison between marathon and road traffic.
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A proverb says :“Time is money.”But in my opinion, time is even more valuable than money. Why? Because when money is spent ,we can earn it back .However when time is gone ,it will never return .This is the reason why we must value time.
There is no doubt that the time we have is unusually limited. So even an hour is extremely precious. We should make full use of our time to do useful things .As students we must not relax our efforts to engage in our studies so as to serve our society and our nation in the future.
But it is pity that there are a lot of people who do not know the importance of time .They spend their valuable time smoking, drinking and so on. They do not realize that wasting time is equal to wasting a part of their valuable life.
In a word, we should get into a good habit of saving time. Do not put off what can be done today until tomorrow. Laziness will not only bring us failure but also lead us to the road of poverty.
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A．Time is equal to dollars, pounds…B．Time is gold .
C．Time is valuable .D．We must spend time in buying goods
小題2:People who spend time smoking, drinking ________.
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B．doubt that they will become more dangerous to society
C．realize how important their lives are
D．waste their whole lives without realizing the importance of time
小題3: If people get lazy, _______.
A．they will bring us failure.
B．they are likely to fail
C．they are usually busy smoking, drinking and so on
D．they will lead us the road of success
小題4:Being students, we must _______.
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B．do whatever we want to do
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Women are friendly. But men are more competitive. Why? Researchers have found it's all down to the hormone oxytocin (荷爾蒙催生素). Although known as the love hormone, it affects the sexes differently.
"Women tend to be social in their behavior. They often share with others. But men lend to be competitive. They are trying to improve their social status," said Professor Ryan.
Generally, people believe that the hormone oxytocin is let out in our body in various social situations and
our body creates a large amount of it during positive social interactions (互動(dòng)) such as falling in love or giving birth.
But in a previous experiment Professor Ryan found that the hormone is also let out in our body during negative social interactions such as envy.
Further researches showed that in men the hormone oxytocin improves the ability to recognize competitive relationships, but in women it raises the ability to recognize friendship. Professor Ryan's recent experiment used 62 men and women aged 20 to 37. Half of the participants（參與者）received oxytocin. The other half received placebo (安慰劑).
After a week, the two groups switched with participants. They went tlirough the same procedure with the other material.
Following each treatment, they were shown some video pictures with different social interactions. Then they were asked to analyze the relationships by answering some questions. The questions were about telling friendship from competition. And their answers should be based on gestures, body language and facial expressions.
The results indicated that, after treatment with oxytocin, men's ability to correctly recognize competitive relationships improved, but in women it was the ability to correctly recognize friendship that got better.
Professor Ryan thus concluded: "Our experiment proves that the hormone oxytocin can raise people's abilities to better distinguish different social interactions. And the behavior differences between men and women are caused by biological factors (因素) that are mainly hormonal."
小題1:What causes men and women to behave differently according to the text?
A．Placebo.B．Oxytocin.
C．The gesture. D．The social status.
小題2:What can we learn from Professor Ryan's previous experiment?
A．Oxytocin affects our behavior in a different way.
B．Our body lets out oxytocin when we are deep in love.
C．Our body produces oxytocin when we feel unhappy about others' success.
D．Oxytocin improves our abilities to understand people's behavior differences.
小題3:Why did Professor Ryan conduct the recent experiment?
A．To test the effect of oxytocin on the ability to recognize social interactions.
B．To know the differences between friendship and competition.
C．To know people's different abilities to answer questions.
D．To test people's understanding of body language.
小題4:The author develops the text by______.
A．explaining people's behaviors
B．describing his own experiences
C．distinguishing sexual differences
D．discussing research experiments

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

I used to believe in the American Dream, which meant a job, a mortgage(按揭)，credit cards, success. I wanted  it and worked toward it like everyone else, all of us ____ chasing the same thing.
One year, through a series of unhappy events, it all fell ____. I found myself homeless and alone.  I had my truck and $56.  I ____ the countryside for some place I could rent for the ___ possible amount.  I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road ____ the Potomac  River in West Virginia.   It was ____， full of broken glass and rubbish.  I found the owner, rented it, and ____ a corner to camp in.
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Four years later, I moved back into ____.  I saw many people were having a really hard time,  ____ their jobs and homes. I managed to rent a big enough house to ___ a handful of people. There are four of us now in the house，but over time  I've had nine people come in and move on to other places.  We'd all be in ____ if we hadn't banded together.
The American Dream  I believe in now is a shared one.   It's not so much about what I can get for myself; it's about ____ we can all get by together.
小題1:
A．separatelyB．equally
C．violentlyD．naturally
小題2:
A．offB．a(chǎn)part
C．overD．out
小題3:
A．crossedB．left
C．touredD．searched
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A．fullestB．largest
C．fairestD．cheapest
小題5:
A．a(chǎn)tB．through
C．overD．round
小題6:
A．occupiedB．a(chǎn)bandoned
C．emptiedD．robbed
小題7:
A．turnedB．a(chǎn)pproached
C．clearedD．cut
小題8:
A．butB．a(chǎn)lthough
C．otherwiseD．for
小題9:
A．benefitB．lesson
C．natureD．a(chǎn)rt
小題10:
A．stickingB．looking
C．swingingD．turning
小題11:
A．wildB．real
C．differentD．remote
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A．neighborlinessB．happiness
C．friendlinessD．kindness
小題13:
A．uniqueB．expensive
C．rareD．necessary
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A．UpB．Down
C．DeepD．Along
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A．cooperationB．relationships
C．satisfactionD．a(chǎn)ppointments
小題16:
A．realityB．society
C．townD．life
小題17:
A．creatingB．losing
C．quittingD．offering
小題18:
A．put inB．turn in
C．take inD．get in
小題19:
A．yardsB．shelters
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小題20:
A．whenB．what
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

IMAGINE that you are in school, giving a speech to your class.
Now think what it feels like when stammering(口吃)makes it a struggle to communicate your thoughts and feelings to other people.
The King’s Speech, which won the best picture at
the Academy Awards, highlights(突出) stammering along with other speech-related problems. The movie tells the story of Britain’s King George Ⅵ, who became king after his brother Edward Ⅷ gave up the crown to marry an American woman.
As a result of British actor Colin Firth’s performance, people are starting to realize that stammering can damage a person’s self-confidence and cause him/her to escape from life.
“The problem is unseen and unheard,” said Norbert Lieckfeldt, an expert at the British Stammering Association, in an interview with The Guardian newspaper.
“Stammering masks(遮蓋) your ability,” he said, “It's a serious disability(殘疾).”
Most stammerers face bullying(欺負(fù)) in school, something that is “usually carried over into the workplace”.
George Ⅵ’s stammer took away his confidence as a speaker. But Samantha Mesango, a speech coach based in the UK, believes that speech problems are more common than most people realize. “Some simply don't like the sound of their own voice; others are scared of speaking in public,” she said.
Travis Treats from Saint Louis University’s department of communication sciences in the US, praised The King’s Speech. He said it shows that “how one’s speech does not mean what one is inside”.
He also added that people who stammer need to be heard and our society should recognize that they have a lot to give to the world.
小題1: What is the point of the first two paragraphs?
A．To tell readers about speech speaking.
B．To show how harmful a stammer is.
C．To draw the attention of readers to the problem of a stammer.
D．To show how a stammer makes a person popular
小題2: According to the article, King George Ⅵ _____.
A．was a hero during World War Ⅱ
B．took the place of his brother
C．married a divorced American woman
D．was a failure because of his stammer
小題3: What is Norbert Lieckfeldt’s view of the challenge of a stammer?
A．A stammer can destroy a person’s self-confidence.
B．A stammer is a serious problem for many people but it is often ignored.
C．People who stammer need to have their own voice.
D．People who stammer do better in work than in school.

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