We do not know exactly how many whales there are in the sea because we can’t count them. But we believe at the beginning of the eighteenth century there were 105,000 humpback whales and 120,000 right whales. At the beginning of the twentieth century there were 75,000 humpbacks and 80,000 rights.
Since 1900 their numbers have fallen very quickly. Between 1935 and 1950 the number of humpbacks fell from 20,000 to 10,000 and since 1950 the number has fallen to only 6,000. The number of right whales has fallen even faster. In 1935 there were 25,000. The number fell to 6,000 in 1950 and since 1950 the number has fallen to 4,000. Men have always been hunters. Thousands of whales have become victims(犧牲品). It’s time to do something to protect whales.
小題1:Which of the following is true?
A．We know the exact number of whales in the sea.
B．It’s easy for us to count whales in the sea.
C．We find it impossible to count whales in the sea.
D．We don’t want to know how many whales there are in the sea.
小題2:The number of right whales has fallen _______.
A．more slowly than that of humpback whales
B．faster than that of humpback whales
C．a(chǎn)s slowly as that of humpback whales
D．a(chǎn)s fast as that of humpback whales
小題3:The passage is mainly about _______.
A．the number of humpback whales
B．the number of right whales
C．hunting whales
D．the necessity of protecting whales

小題1:C
小題2:B
小題3:D

本文通過(guò)對(duì)鯨歷年來(lái)數(shù)量逐漸減少的統(tǒng)計(jì)，提醒人們保護(hù)鯨的重要性和迫切性。
【小題1 】C。推理判斷題。從 We do not know exactly how many whales there are in the sea because we can’t count them可知答案為C。
小題2:B。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。從第2段的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比以及The number of right whales has fallen even faster可知答案為B。
小題3:D。主旨大意題。由原文最后一句 It’s time to do something to protect whales可知答案選D 。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Why the inductive and mathematical sciences, after their first rapid development at the culmination of Greek civilization, advanced so slowly for two thousand years—and why in the following two hundred years a knowledge of natural and mathematical science has accumulated, which so vastly exceeds all that was previously known that these sciences may be justly regarded as the products of our own times—are questions which have interested the modern philosopher not less than the objects with which these sciences are more immediately conversant. Was it the employment of a new method of research, or in the exercise of greater virtue in the use of the old methods, that this singular modern phenomenon had its origin? Was the long period one of arrested development, and is the modern era one of normal growth? Or should we ascribe the characteristics of both periods to so-called historical accidents—to the influence of conjunctions in circumstances of which no explanation is possible, save in the omnipotence and wisdom of a guiding Providence?
The explanation which has become commonplace, that the ancients employed deduction chiefly in their scientific inquiries, while the moderns employ induction, proves to be too narrow, and fails upon close examination to point with sufficient distinctness the contrast that is evident between ancient and modern scientific doctrines and inquiries. For all knowledge is founded on observation, and proceeds from this by analysis, by synthesis and analysis, by induction and deduction, and if possible by verification, or by new appeals to observation under the guidance of deduction—by steps which are indeed correlative parts of one method; and the ancient sciences afford examples of every one of these methods, or parts of one method, which have been generalized from the examples of science.
A failure to employ or to employ adequately any one of these partial methods, an imperfection in the arts and resources of observation and experiment, carelessness in observation, neglect of relevant facts, by appeal to experiment and observation—these are the faults which cause all failures to ascertain truth, whether among the ancients or the moderns; but this statement does not explain why the modern is possessed of a greater virtue, and by what means he attained his superiority. Much less does it explain the sudden growth of science in recent times.
The attempt to discover the explanation of this phenomenon in the antithesis of “facts” and “theories” or “facts” and “ideas”—in the neglect among the ancients of the former, and their too exclusive attention to the latter—proves also to be too narrow, as well as open to the charge of vagueness. For in the first place, the antithesis is not complete. Facts and theories are not coordinate species. Theories, if true, are facts—a particular class of facts indeed, generally complex, and if a logical connection subsists between their constituents, have all the positive attributes of theories.
Nevertheless, this distinction, however inadequate it may be to explain the source of true method in science, is well founded, and connotes an important character in true method. A fact is a proposition of simple. A theory, on the other hand, if true has all the characteristics of a fact, except that its verification is possible only by indirect, remote, and difficult means. To convert theories into facts is to add simple verification, and the theory thus acquires the full characteristics of a fact.
小題1:     The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is
[A]. Philosophy of mathematics.              [B]. The Recent Growth in Science.
[C]. The Verification of Facts.                [C]. Methods of Scientific Inquiry.
小題2:According to the author, one possible reason for the growth of science during the days of the ancient Greeks and in modern times is
[A]. the similarity between the two periods.
[B]. that it was an act of God.
[C]. that both tried to develop the inductive method.
[D]. due to the decline of the deductive method.
小題3:     The difference between “fact” and “theory”
[A]. is that the latter needs confirmation.
[B]. rests on the simplicity of the former.
[C]. is the difference between the modern scientists and the ancient Greeks.
[D]. helps us to understand the deductive method.
小題4:     According to the author, mathematics is
[A]. an inductive science.           [B]. in need of simple verification.
[C]. a deductive science.            [D]. based on fact and theory.
小題5:     The statement “Theories are facts” may be called.
[A]. a metaphor.                  [B]. a paradox.
[C]. an appraisal of the inductive and deductive methods.
[D]. a pun.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

  A new eight-kilometer road is under construction that links the port area with motorway system. It is expected to carry 20,000 trucks and cars a day, which greatly reduces the overcrowded traffic in the center of the city. As part of the project, two four-kilometer road tunnels are being built below the central area of the city, one for traffic to the north and the other for the traffic to the south. The two tunnels are about 20 meters below the surface and are 12 meters wide, providing for two lanes of traffic in each direction. 

In the upper part of the tunnel two air-conditioning pipes remove the waste gas of trucks and cars and keep the quality of air inside the tunnel. The lighting is at the top of the tunnel, practically at its highest point. There will also be electric signs at frequent intervals. They show traffic conditions ahead and can be seen clearly by drivers. The wall is made up of four main elements, which include a waterproofing covering and, on the inside of the tunnel, a concrete lining.
Each tunnel is roughly round and the lower part of the tunnel is somewhat flat. The surface of the road lies on the base, which is made of concrete and steel. The drainage system, just below the road surface on one side, removes any extra liquid, particularly water. In the event of fire, the fire main, which is made of steel, pipes water to many fire hydrant stations at regular intervals along the length of the tunnel. The fire main is at the side of the tunnel and at the level of the road surface. Other systems in the tunnel will include emergency phones.
小題1:Each of the tunnels under construction is _____.
A．eight kilometers long and twenty meters wide
B．eight kilometers long and six meters wide
C．four kilometers long and twenty meters wide
D．four kilometers long and six meters wide
小題2:Which part of the tunnel in the diagram is used to pipe out extra water?
A. 1           B. 3            C. 5               D  6 
小題3:Driving in the tunnel, one can know the traffic conditions ahead through______.
A．the lightsB．the electric signs
C．the trucks and the carsD． the emergency phones
小題4:The passage is mainly about _____.
A．the construction of a roadB．the design of a road
C．the construction of two tunnelsD．the design of two tunnels

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：完形填空

More and more students want to study in“hot”majors. 1 a result, many students want to 2 their interests and study in these 3 such as foreign languages, international business and law, etc.
Fewer and fewer students choose scientific majors, 4 maths, physics and biology, and art majors, 5 history, Chinese and philosophy.
6 students can study in these“hot”majors, because the number of these“hot”majors 7 limited.
If one 8 interest in his work or study, 9 can he do well? I 10 this from one of my classmates.He is 11 the countryside.His parents are farmers.Though he 12 biology, he chose“international business”.He 13 to live a life which is different 14 of his parents.  
In the end, he found he 15 in doing business.He found all the subjects to be 16 . 17 this wouldn't have happened if he had chosen his major according to his own interests.
Choosing a major in university 18 decide one's whole life.Majors 19 are not“hot”today may become the“hot”major of tomorrow.
Choosing your major according to your own 20 is the bestway to succeed.
1.A.Being B.For    C.Having D.As
2.A.give up    B.appear  C.give     D.master
3.A.place B.room   C.areas    D.space
4.A.for example     B.much as      C.and so on    D.as a result
5.A.even B.like      C.just      D.or
6.A.Only a few      B.Quite a few C.Perhaps       D.Many
7.A.is      B.are       C.would be     D.have been
8.A.had no     B.had      C.has no  D.has
9.A.why  B.and what     C.how     D.and how
10.A.suggested       B.guessed       C.searched      D.learned
11.A.out of     B.off       C.in D.from
12.A.studied   B.likes    C.learns   D.succeeds to study
13.A.wants     B.doesn’t want       C.enjoys  D.doesn’t like
14.A.from which    B.from that     C.for which    D.for that
15.A.was interested       B.was clever         C.was not interested D.was not clever
16.A.lovely    B.rare     C.obvious       D.tiresome
17.A.So B.Then    C.Just then     D.Maybe
18.A.can B.does not      C.probably     D.perhaps       not to
19.A.on which       B.in which      C.which  D.——
20.A.interests  B.experience   C.mind    D.heartCloze

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

American’s genius with high technology may have put men on the moon, but there is growing doubt about its ability to solve human problems closer to home.
In fact, a slight but significant change from purely technological solutions is already under way as scientists insist that answers to the world’s problems will not come from an attractive exhibition of electronics and machines. Instead, as they see it, solutions must develop from a better understanding of the humans that drive the system and from a fuller appreciation of the limits and potential(潛能) of the earth’s resources.
What this means is an increased emphasis on the life and earth sciences, on sociology, psychology, economics and even philosophy.
More and more of the best minds in science, particularly young researchers, are being drawn into these developing fields.
All this is not to say that technological creativity will not play a critical role in solving energy and food shortages, or that answers to environmental difficulties will not come from further advances in the same technologies that may have helped cause the problems.
Where the real challenge lies, in the view of the new generation of scientists, is in finding ways to produce goods and meet the world’s needs, using less of the raw materials that are becoming short.
小題1:Which of the following would the author probably agree with?
A．The environment crisis will not be solved unless we stop using virgin（原始）materials.
B．In scientific research, a higher priority（優(yōu)先）should be given to understanding all living systems.
C．Exploration of outer space will finally lead to an improvement on human living conditions.
D．U. S. high-technology companies are welcoming this new change in scientific research.
小題2:Which of the following best expresses the main idea?
A．a(chǎn) growing number of Americans are doubtful about what high technology can do in solving the world’s problems.
B．Many scientists are beginning to believe that the better understanding of human beings will play a more decisive role in solving the world’s problems.
C．More and more young scientists are trying their best to find new ways to solve the world’s problems.
D．Technological creativity will still play a very important part in solving the world’s problems.
小題3:Young scientists demand that in order to satisfy human needs ________.
A．existing products be improved.
B．more complex machines and electronic equipment be designed.
C．ways be found to produce better goods using fewer raw materials.
D．a(chǎn)ny new invention and innovation be encouraged in technology
小題4:In the passage “Human problems” or “world problems” refers mainly to ______.
A．global food shortageB．resources depletion（耗盡）
C．environmental pollutionD．a(chǎn)ll of the above
小題5:The author states all the following CXCEPT that _______.
A．the development of present techniques cannot provide any answers to today’s problems.
B．a(chǎn)n increasing number of young scientists are taking a great interest in biological and social sciences.
C．many scientists have come to understand the limits of natural resources.
D．many scientists argue that high technology is something but not everything.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Almost every child is scared of something, from monsters in the cupboard to dogs in the park. But the fact that such fears are common and normal doesn’t mean they can be taken lightly. Kids experience fears and phobias (恐懼癥) much more strongly than adults. And the influence of the fear can be physical as well as psychological (心理的). It can build up so they almost seem scared of everything-a kind of childhood anxiety. Dr. Creswell says:"Your child may always seem to expect the worst to happen and lack confidence in his or her ability to deal with any challenge.” So don’t make the same old mistake of treating them as if they’re silly for being “a scared cat”（膽小鬼）. Handing the fears is essential.
Children can be born nervous and., if you have such a baby, you’ll tend to prevent them from getting worried. So if they fear dogs, you’ll keep them away from dogs, but in fact that can just confirm to the child that dogs are scary. What is worse, keeping your child away from what they fear can turn that feeling into a phobia. Instead, you should encourage them to get in touch with the thing they fear, in a safe and supportive environment. Dr. Andy Field, a researcher of childhood fears, says: “You shouldn’t force, for example, a dog anxious child to go up to a dog. But you can approach it yourself, show them there is nothing to be afraid of, stroke (撫摸) it, and talk about the dog being friendly. Once your child dares to stroke a dog-one that’s good with children, of course-then you should encourage them to carry on until they feel calmer, and reward them for ‘being brave’.”
小題1:Children’s fears are usually taken lightly because     .
A．they will not develop into phobias
B．their influence is psychological
C．they exist widely in the world
D．they will disappear gradually
小題2:If we fail to help children to overcome fears, they will    .
A．make the same old mistake
B．overcome them by themselves
C．experience the worst of things
D．grow up lacking self-confidence
小題3:According to Dr. Andy Field, if a child is afraid of a cat, parents should     .
A．tell the child not to be afraid of it
B．show the child how to approach it
C．keep the child away from it
D．a(chǎn)sk the child to stroke it

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Scientists have found what look like caves on Mars(火星), and say they could be protecting life from the planet’s terrible environment.
The first caves discovered beyond the Earth appear as seven mysterious black dots on the pictures sent back by NASA’s Mars Odyssey orbiter. Each as large as a football field, they may be openings into natural caves below the Martian surface.
“If there is life on Mars, there is a good chance you’d find it in caves,” said Jut Wynne, one of the researchers who noticed the features while working on a US Geological Survey Mars Cave Detection Program.
Jonathan Clarke, a geologist with the Mars Society of Australia, yesterday described the discovery as exciting.
One photo taken at night by an infrared imager(紅外線成像器) showed one hole to be unusually warm, suggesting hot air trapped during the day is flowing out.
“I said: ‘Wow, that’s a cave’” Dr. Clarke said excitedly. “People have been looking for these for a long time; now we have found them.”
He agreed such caves would be perfect places to hunt for life escaping from the bitterly cold, radiation-soaked(充滿輻射的), dry surface.
“Tiny drops of water could collect inside,” he said. “If there are gases coming out, they could provide energy for a whole range of bacteria. A cave is also a protection from radiation; the surface of Mars is exposed to high levels of space radiation.”
The caves probably formed when tube-shaped lave flows(管狀巖漿流) spread across the planet long ago. The outside of the tubes cooled, forming solid walls, while something hotter inside allowed the remaining have to flow out, forming caves. 
小題1:What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．How the caves were formed on Mars.B．How scientists found these caves on Mars.
C．Caves on Mars may be full of hot air or a sign of life.
D．Scientists have completely recognized the surface of Mars.
小題2:We can learn from the passage that           .
A．water has already been found on MarsB．the scientists found all the caves at night
C．it is certain that there is life in these caves
D．the surface of Mars is bitterly cold, radiation-soaked and dry
小題3:According to the passage, Dr. Clarke was so excited because        .
A．such caves could provide energy for lifeB．they had finally found the caves on Mars
C．such caves would be perfect places to hunt for life
D．scientists had long been looking for these caves
小題4:Necessary conditions for life on Mars mentioned in the passage may include        .
A．lava and energyB．water and radiation from space
C．gases and lavaD．water and protection from radiation

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A “l(fā)ost tribe” that reached America from Australia may have been the first Native Americans, according to a new theory.
If proved by DNA evidence, the theory will break long established beliefs about the southerly migration of people who entered America across the Bering Strait, found it empty and occupied it.
On this theory rests the belief of Native Americans to have been the first true Americans. They would be classified to the ranks of escapee, beaten to the New World by Aboriginals (土著人) in boats.
To a European, this may seem like an academic argument, but to Americans it is a philosophical question about identity, Silvia Gonzales, of Liverpool University said .
Her claims are based on skeletons found in the California Peninsula of Mexico that have skulls quite unlike the broad Mongolian features of Native Americans. These narrow-skulled people have more in common with southern Asians, Aboriginal Australians and people of the South Pacific Region.
The bones, stored at the National Museum of Anthropology (人類(lèi)學(xué)) in Mexico City, have been carbon-dated and one is 12,700 years old, which places it several thousand years before the arrival of people from the North. “We think there were several migration waves into the Americas at different times by different human groups,” Dr. Gonzales said. “The timing, route and point of origin of the first colonization of the Americas remains a most contentious topic in human evolution.”
But comparisons based on skull shape are not considered conclusive by anthropologists, so a team of Mexican and British scientists, backed by the Natural Environment Research Council, has also attempted to take out DNA from the bones. Dr. Gonzales declined yesterday to say exactly what the results were, as they need to be checked, but indicated that they were consistent(一致) with an Australian origin.
小題1:It is generally considered that the first Native Americans came from ________.
A．North AsiaB．Australia
C．South PacificD．South Asia
小題2:The skeletons found in the California Peninsula of Mexico have ________.
A．the broad skull shape
B．the narrow skull shape
C．different features of Aboriginal Australians
D．the same features of Native Americans
小題3:The underlined “contentious” is similar in meaning to “________”.
A．likely to cause great interestB．difficult to solve
C．well-known to allD．likely to cause argument
小題4:Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
A．Research on skulls can draw an exact conclusion.
B．DNA tests have proved the fact that the first Native Americans came from Australian.
C．Scientists are still not sure about the origin of the Native Americans.
D．People began to enter America across the Bering Strait about 12,700 years ago.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


While all my classmates seen to be crazy about a one-way ticket to Mars(火星), I’d rather say Mars is totally unsuitable for human existence. People won’t have enough food supplies there, and the terrible environment would make it impossible for them to live a long life. Besides, the journey won’t be safe. Can anybody explain to me just why people would go to Mars, never to return?
Steve Minear, UK
Here are the things you can think of: the desire to explore a foreign and unique environment, the excitement of being the first humans to open up a new world, the expectation of fame and glory…For scientists there is another reason. Their observations and research will probably lead to great scientific achievements.
Donal Trollop, Canada
There are already too many people on the Earth. I think that sometime before the end of the century, there will be a human colony(殖民地)on Mars. It will happen when people finally realize that tow-way trips to the red planet Mars are unnecessary. Most of the danger of space Flight is in the launches(發(fā)射) and landings. Cutting the trip home would therefore reduce the danger of accidents, save a lot of money, and open the way to building an everlasting human settlement on another world.
Enough supplies can be sent on ahead. And every two years more supplies and more people will needs, and Mars is far more pleasant than the other planets in the outer space.
Paul Davies. USA
小題1: The main purpose of Steve Minear’s writing is     .
A．to report his classmates’ discussion B．to invite an answer to his question
C．to explain the natural state of MarsD．to show his agreement on going to Mars
小題2:Which of the following best states Donal Trollop’s idea?
A．There is a plan to send humans to Mars.
B．There are many reasons for going to Mars.
C．Scientists become famous by doing research on Mars.
D．It is possible to build an Earth-like environment on Mars.
小題3:Paul Davies points out that      .
A．humans need only a one-way ticket to Mars.
B．two-way trips to Mars will be made safe soon
C．it is easy to reduce the danger and cost of flights to Mars
D．it is cheap to build an everlasting human settlement on Mars
小題4:What does Paul Davies think of human existence on Mars?
A．Humans will have to bring all they need from the Earth.
B．Humans will find Mars totally unsuitable for living.
C．Humans can produce everything they need.
D．Humans can live longer in the colony on Mars

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