Question

In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words which, taken together, comprise the whole vocabulary.First, there are those words 1 which we become acquainted in daily conversation, which we 2 ,that is to say, from the 3 of our own family and from our familiar associates, and 4 we should know and use 5 we could not read or write.They 6 the common things of life, and are the stock in trade of all who 7 the language.Such words may be called“popular”, since they belong to the people 8 and are not the exclusive 9 of a limited class.On the other hand, our language 10 a multitude of words which are comparatively 11 used in ordinary conversation.Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little 12 to use them at home or in the market-place.Our 13 acquaintance with them comes not from our mother's 14 or from the talk of our school-mates, 15 from books that we read, lectures that we 16 ,or the more 17 conversation of highly educated speakers who are discussing some particular 18 in a style appropriately elevated above the habitual 19 of everyday life.Such words are called“l(fā)earned”, and the 20 between them and the“popular”words is of great importance to a right understanding of linguistic process.
1.A.at B.with C.by D.through
2.A.study B.imitate C.stimulate D.learn
3.A.mates B.relatives C.members D.fellows
4.A.which B.that C.those D.ones
5.A.even B.despite C.even if D.in spite of
　6.A.mind B.concern C.care D.involve
7.A.hire B.apply C.adopt D.use
8.A.in public B.at most C.at large D.at best
9.A.right B.privilege C.share D.possession
10.A.consists B.comprises C.constitutes D.composes
11.A.seldom B.much C.never D.often
12.A.prospect B.way C.reason D.necessity
13.A.primary B.first C.principal D.prior
14.A.tips B.mouth C.lips D.tongue
15.A.besides B.and C.or D.but
16.A.hear of B.attend C.hear from D.listen
17.A.former B.formula C.formal D.formative
18.A.theme B.topic C.idea D.point
19.A.border B.link C.degree D.extent
20.A.diversion B.distinction C.diversity D.similarity

Answer 1

1. B
2. D
3. C
4. A
5. C
6. B
7. D
8. C
9. C
10. B
11. A
12. D
13. B
14. C
15. D
16. B
17. C
18. B
19. D
20. B

1.本句中由with which引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞those words。短語become acquainted with sb./sth.意為“認(rèn)識某人，了解某事。”
2.imitate意為“模仿”，stimulate意為“刺激，激發(fā)”。study和learn都有“學(xué)習(xí)”的意思，study著重研究，而learn指一般性的學(xué)習(xí)，故選D。
3.mate意為“伙伴，同事”，可組成復(fù)合名詞，如：classmate同學(xué)，roommate同房間的人。relative意為“親戚”，member意為“成員”，family member意為“家庭成員”，fellow意為“伙伴，家伙”。
4.which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，和前面的定語從句并列，修飾先行詞those words,關(guān)系代詞that只能在限制性定語從句中代替which。
5.even if在這里引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。Even是副詞，不能引導(dǎo)狀語從句。In spite of和despite表示“盡管”，為介詞詞組或介詞，也不能引導(dǎo)狀語從句。
6.本句的意思是“它們涉及生活中的一般性事情，是所有使用這種語言的人慣用的語言材料。Concern意為“涉及”,mind和care表示“介意，計較”，relate表示“講述、敘述”。
7.use意為“使用”，apply意為“運用”，hire意為“雇用”，adopt意為“采納”。
8.at large意為“普遍的、一般的”，in public意為“公開地、當(dāng)眾”，at most意為“至多、不超過”，at best意為“充其量、至多”。
9.share意為“份額、共享”。right和privilege意為“權(quán)利、特權(quán)”，在本句不符合題意。possession意為“擁有、占有”，通常指擁有財物。
10.comprise“包含、包括、由……組成”。compose常用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)be composed of表示“由……組成”。consist是不及物動詞，必須和of組成短語動詞表示“由……組成”，constitute意為“構(gòu)成”。
11.seldom意為“不經(jīng)常、很少”。
12.prospect意為“前景”；way“方式”；reason“理由”；necessity“必要性”。本句只有necessity符合句意。　　
13.本句意為“我們最初既不是從母親嘴里，也不是從同學(xué)那里了解這些單詞的……”first“第一、首先”；primary“基本的、原始的”；prior“優(yōu)先的、在先的”；principal“主要的、首要的”。
14.learn sth from one?s lips是固定搭配，表示“從某人嘴里得知”。
15.but在這里表示轉(zhuǎn)折的含義。
16.attend a lecture“參加一個講座”。
17.formal“正式的”；former“以前的”；formula“公式、方程”；formative“形成的”。
18.topic“話題”；theme“主題”；point“要點”。本句指討論的話題，故選topic。
19.degree和extent均可表示程度，但extent還可表示“范圍”。本句意為：……討論問題的方式超越了日常生活的范圍，所以選extent。Border邊界，link連接。
20.diversion“轉(zhuǎn)移、轉(zhuǎn)向”；distinction“差別”；diversity“多樣性、變化”；similary“相似之處”。本句意為：學(xué)術(shù)性詞語和大眾化詞語之間的差別，故選distinction