閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
Language is the most astonishing behavior in the animal kingdom. It is the species-typical behavior that sets humans completely   36  from all other animals. Language is a means of   37  , but it is much more than that. Many animals can   38  . The dance of the honeybee communicates the location of flowers   39  other members of the hive (蜂群). But human language permits communication about anything,   40  things like unicorns (獨(dú)角獸) that have never existed. The key   41  in the fact that different words can be   42  together in different ways, according to   43  to communicate different meanings.
Language is the most important learning we do. Nothing can   44  humans so much as our ability to communicate abstract   45 , whether about the university, the mind, love, dreams, or ordering a drink. It is an extremely complex   46  that we take for granted. Indeed, we are not aware of most   47  of our speech and understanding. Consider what happens when one person is speaking to   48  . The speaker has to translate thoughts into  49  language. Brain imaging studies suggest that the time from thoughts to the   50  of speech is extremely fast. Only 0.04 seconds! The listener must hear the sounds to   51   what the speaker means. He must use the sounds of speech to   52  the spoken words, understand the pattern of   53  of the words (sentences), and finally   54  the meaning. This takes somewhat longer, a minimum of about 0.5 seconds. But once started, it is of course a(n)    55  process.
小題1:
A．a(chǎn)part B．offC．upD．down
小題2:
A．a(chǎn)dvertisementB．communication C．discoveryD．invention
小題3:
A．transfer B．move C．convey D．communicate
小題4:
A．to B．from C．over D．on
小題5:
A．only B．a(chǎn)lmost C．even D．just
小題6:
A．stays B．situates C．hides D．lies
小題7:
A．stuck B．joinedC．rung D．controlled
小題8:
A．rules B．scales C．laws D．standards
小題9:
A．combine B．contain C．define D．declare
小題10:
A．a(chǎn)ctivities B．thoughtsC．effectsD．chances
小題11:
A．expectationB．progress C．process D．produce
小題12:
A．a(chǎn)spects B．a(chǎn)bstracts C．a(chǎn)ngles D．a(chǎn)ssumptions
小題13:
A．a(chǎn)nybody B．a(chǎn)nother C．other D．everybody
小題14:
A．body B．gesture C．written D．spoken
小題15:
A．growing B．fixing C．beginning D．building
小題16:
A．put outB．take downC．draw upD．figure out
小題17:
A．identify B．locate C．reveal D．discover
小題18:
A．performanceB．organization C．design D．show
小題19:
A．regulate B．justify C．release D．interpret
小題20:
A．slow B．interesting C．continuousD．serious

小題1:A
小題2:B
小題3:D
小題4:A
小題5:C
小題6:D
小題7:B
小題8:A
小題9:C
小題10:B
小題11:C
小題12:A
小題13:B
小題14:D
小題15:C
小題16:D
小題17:A
小題18:B
小題19:D
小題20:C

試題分析：文章大意：本文講述的是，人類區(qū)別于其他物種的典型行為--語(yǔ)言。第一段開門見(jiàn)山，指出語(yǔ)言的獨(dú)特性，與其他動(dòng)物的交流的不同之處。第二段詳細(xì)說(shuō)明了語(yǔ)言的工作機(jī)制。
小題1:考查固定短語(yǔ)。set...apart from...將......與......分開。語(yǔ)言，這種物種典型行為將人類與其他物種區(qū)分開來(lái)。故選A。
小題2:考查名詞辨析。語(yǔ)言是一種交流的工具，但又不僅僅是用來(lái)交流的。A廣告；B交流；C發(fā)現(xiàn)；D發(fā)明。故選B。
小題3:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。語(yǔ)言這種典型行為不僅僅是用于交流的，許多動(dòng)物也能交流。A轉(zhuǎn)移，換乘；B移動(dòng)；C表達(dá)；D交流。故選D。
小題4:考查介詞辨析。蜜蜂通過(guò)舞蹈來(lái)告訴蜂群中的其它同伴鮮花的位置。to可以表示方向，翻譯為“給”；故選A。
小題5:考查副詞辨析。人類語(yǔ)言能夠交流任何事物，甚至根本不存在的獨(dú)角獸。根據(jù)句意可知，此處表示遞進(jìn)，故選C。
小題6:考查短語(yǔ)辨析。關(guān)鍵在于，不同的詞可以根據(jù)不同的方法組合在一起。lie in存在于......；故選D。
小題7:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。不同的詞可以根據(jù)不同的方法組合在一起。be joined together被結(jié)合在一起；故選B。
小題8:考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)（有關(guān)）規(guī)則，把不同的詞組合起來(lái)，表達(dá)不同的意思。scales比例；laws法律，原理；standards標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；rules規(guī)則，慣例；故選A。
小題9:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。沒(méi)有什么能像語(yǔ)言一樣，能（明確）定義人類表達(dá)抽象想法的能力。A結(jié)合；B包含；C定義；D聲稱，宣布。故選C。
小題10:考查名詞辨析。人類特有的能力之一就是，能夠把思考后的想法表達(dá)出來(lái)。A活動(dòng)；B想法；C效果；D機(jī)會(huì)。abstract thoughts抽象的想法，故選B。
小題11:考查名詞辨析。表達(dá)頭腦中的想法，是一個(gè)極其復(fù)雜的過(guò)程，A期望；B進(jìn)步；C進(jìn)程，過(guò)程；D生產(chǎn)。take ...for granted想當(dāng)然。故選C。
小題12:考查名詞辨析。我們也不完全了解我們講話和理解（的機(jī)制）的各個(gè)方面。A方面；B抽象概念；C角度；D假設(shè)。故選A。
小題13:考查代詞。A任何人；B另一個(gè)；C其它；D每個(gè)人。another泛指三者以上的另一個(gè)；other后加名詞復(fù)數(shù)；故選B。
小題14:考查名詞短語(yǔ)。說(shuō)話者需要把想法轉(zhuǎn)換成口語(yǔ)。Spoken language口語(yǔ)，故選D。
小題15:考查動(dòng)名詞。腦成像研究表明，從想法到話語(yǔ)的開始，這種轉(zhuǎn)換所用的時(shí)間很短。故選C。
小題16:考查短語(yǔ)辨析。聽者必須聽清說(shuō)話者發(fā)出的聲音，才能理解他說(shuō)的是什么。A撲滅；B記下；C使停下；D計(jì)算出，弄明白。故選D。
小題17:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。聽者必須利用聽到的聲音來(lái)識(shí)別出所傳遞的單詞。A識(shí)別；B定位；C揭示；D發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選A。
小題18:考查名詞辨析。聽者需要理解單詞的組織類型或句子類型。A表演，表現(xiàn)；B組織；C設(shè)計(jì)；D展現(xiàn)。故選B。
小題19:考查動(dòng)詞辨析。聽者在識(shí)別出詞匯，理解詞匯的組織類型之后，最終整理得出意思。A調(diào)整；B證明；C釋放；D解釋，口譯。故選D。
小題20:考查形容詞辨析。理解說(shuō)話者的意思的整個(gè)過(guò)程，大約花費(fèi)0.5秒，此過(guò)程一旦開始，就會(huì)變?yōu)橐粋�(gè)持續(xù)的過(guò)程。A緩慢的；B有趣的；C持續(xù)的；D嚴(yán)重的。故選C。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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A．cold weather has a great effect on human bodies
B．“cold” is a word closely linked with human emotions
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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B．Because they aren't damaged quickly like other bills．
C．Because they aren't used in America any more．
D．Because their material is a bit more expensive．

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解



When you visit America, you will see the word Motel on signs and notice boards. It is made up of “motor” and “hotel” and it is really a hotel for people who arrive by car (however, you don’t need a car to stay at one). You have to pay when you arrive for your room, which usually has a bath. Meals are not provided, but there will certainly be a cafeteria (自助餐館). Americans eat a lot of salads and sandwiches. Along the main roads there are a lot of motels. Each tries to offer more than next. Some provide television in every bedroom; others have swimming pools; and so on. Motels are especially useful when you are in the country, far from a town or city. You will also find them in the big National Parks.
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A．The word “motel” is formed by two words.
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A．a(chǎn)n interesting story
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D．bears usually look for food at night
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A．tourists can find gold there
B．it is difficult to find a room there
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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An elevator in the US is called a lift here，and the first floor in the US，is calle d the ground floor here，so many visitors get off on the wrong floor in British hotels.
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小題2:It’s implied in the passage that the author may be________.
A．a(chǎn) driver from the US
B．a(chǎn) cook from the US
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D．it is impossible that some Americans get off on the wrong floor in British hotels
小題4:What can we learn from the passage?
A．“Elevator”is commonly used in the UK.
B．Pies mean the same thing in the UK and the US.
C．In the UK，things are measured in pounds and ounces.
D．British and American people drive on the same side of the road.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

New technology links the world as never before. Our planet has shrunk. It’s now a “global village” where countries are only seconds away by fax or phone or satellite link. And, of course, our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly increased by foreign language skills.
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B．Connections with businesses overseas.
C．Technical know-how.
D．Business experience.
小題4:The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can ________.
A．fast-forward their proposals to headquarters
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

San Francisco has many museums. You can visit one and learn something new. We have art, science, history and other special museums. Some museums are open every day. Some are only open on certain days. Some museums are expensive, and others are free. But some of the expensive ones have free days. Many museums have websites. The websites usually have information about the things you can see in the museums.
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer．But there is one question that has millions of current answers．That question is “What’s your name?”. Everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct．
Have you ever wondered about people’s names? Where do they come from? What do they mean?
People’s first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents．Sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used．Some parents choose the name of a well-known person．A boy could be named George Washington Smith; a girl could be named Helen Keller Jones．
Some people give their children names that mean good things．Clara means “bright”; Beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; Donald means “world ruler”; Leonard means “as brave as a lion”．
The earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names．A family with the name Brook or Brooks probably lived near a brook；someone who was called Longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road．The Greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest．
Other early surnames came from people’s occupations．The most common occupational name is Smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals．In the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village．Some other occupational names are: Carter ---- a person who owned or drove a cart; Potter ---- a person who made pots and pans．
The ancestors of the Baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native villa．The Carpenter’s great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture．
Sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities．When there were two men who were named John in the same village, the John with the gray hair probably became John Gray．Or the John who was very tall could call himself John Tallman．John Fish was probably an excellent swimmer and John Lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer．
Some family names were made by adding something to the father’s name．English-speaking people added –s or –son．The Johnsons are descendants of John; the Roberts family’s ancestor was Robert．Irish and Scottish people added Mac or Mc or O．Perhaps all of the MacDonnells and the McDonnells and the O’Donnells are descendants of the same Donnell．
小題1:Which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage NOT cover?
A．Places where people lived.
B．People’s characters.
C．Talents that people possessed.
D．People’s occupations.
小題2:According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most
probably ____．
A．owned or drove a cart
B．made things with metals
C．made kitchen tools or containers
D．built houses and furniture
小題3:Suppose an English couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named ____．
A．Beatrice SmithB．Leonard Carter
C．George LongstreetD．Donald Greenwood
小題4:The underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph means a person’s ____． 
A．later generationsB．friends and relatives
C．colleagues and partnersD．later sponsors

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It is widely known that any English conversation begins with The Weather. Such a fixation with the weather finds expression in Dr. Johnson’s famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of weather.” Though Johnson’s observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago, most commentators fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this English weather-speak.
Bill Bryson, for example, concludes that, as the English weather is not at all exciting, the obsession with it can hardly be understood. He argues that “To an outsider, the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it.” Simply, the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the British Isles.
Jeremy Paxman, however, disagrees with Bryson, arguing that the English weather is by nature attractive. Bryson is wrong, he says, because the English preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena. “The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.” According to him, the weather in England is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the English as well as the outsider.
Bryson and Paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weather-speak among the English. Both commentators, somehow, are missing the point. The English weather conversation is not really about the weather at all. English weather-speak is a system of signs, which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows conversations starting with weather-speak are not requests for weather data. Rather, they are routine greetings, conversation starters or the blank “fillers”. In other words, English weather-speak is a means of social bonding.
小題1:The author mentions Dr. Johnson’s comment to show that______.
A．most commentators agree with Dr. Johnson
B．Dr. Johnson is famous for his weather observation
C．the comment was accurate two hundred years ago
D．English conversations usually start with the weather
小題2:What does the underlined word “obsession” most probably refer to?
A．A social trend.
B．An emotional state.
C．A historical concept.
D．An unknown phenomenon.
小題3:According to the passage, Jeremy Paxman believes that______.
A．Bill Bryson has little knowledge of the weather
B．there is nothing special about the English weather
C．the English weather attracts people to the British Isles
D．English people talk about the weather for its uncertainty
小題4:What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage?
A．To explain what English weather-speak is about.
B．To analyse misconceptions about the English weather.
C．To find fault with both Bill Bryson and Jeremy Paxman.
D．To convince people that the English weather is changeable.

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