Student participation in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the student in many courses. Some professors base part of the final grade on the student’s oral participation. Although there are formal lectures during which the student has a passive role (i.e., listening and taking notes), many courses are organized around classroom discussions, student questions, and informal lectures. In graduate discussions the professor had a “manager” role and the students make presentations and lead discussions. The students do the actual teaching in these discussions.
A professor’s teaching method is another factor that determines the degree and type of student participation. Some professors prefer to control discussions while others prefer to guide the class without controlling it. Many professors encourage students to question their ideas. Students who object to the professor’s point of view should be prepared to prove their positions.
In the teaching of science and mathematics, the controlling mode of instruction is generally traditional, with teachers presenting formal lectures and students taking notes. However, new educational trends have turned up in the humanities and social sciences in the past twenty years. Students in education, society, and history classes, for example, are often required to solve problems in groups, design projects, make presentations, and examine case studies. Since some college or university courses are “practical” rather than theoretical, they pay more attention to “doing” for themselves.
小題1:“Participation in the classroom is not only accepted but also expected of the student” in  ____
class.
A．the humanities and social sciencesB．the science and mathematics
C．the theoretical lessonsD．the strictly controlled courses
小題2:From the passage we know that education in the humanities and society __________.
A．has not changed much in the past twenty years
B．pay attention to students’ studying instead of teachers’ teaching
C．is much more important than that of science and mathematics
D．has become more practical than theoretical.
小題3:The reason why some professors ask students to make presentations and lead discussions is that __________.
A．these professors are often not well prepared before class
B．these professors want to stress “doing”
C．these professors want to test the students abilities
D．these professors are not willing to teach theory
小題4:Which of the following sentences is true according to the passage?
A．Student participation is not common in many courses like society and history classes.
B．Some professors want to control the classroom discussion.
C．Some of students are wanted to attend the lecture of science and mathematics.
D．New educational trends have turned up in the teaching of natural sciences such as
chemistry.

小題1:A
小題2:D
小題3:B
小題4:B

小題1:細節(jié)理解題。見第3自然段。
小題2:細節(jié)理解題。見第3自然段第2句話However, new educational trends have turned up in the humanities and social sciences…
小題3:主旨大意題。見文章最后一句話…they pay more attention to “doing” for themselves.
小題4:細節(jié)理解題。見第2自然段第2句話Some professors prefer to control discussion…
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The people below are all looking for a course on Chinese to study. Read the following information about the six courses. Decide which course would be the most suitable for the people mentioned in questions 61-65 and then mark the correct letter (A-F) on your answer sheet. You can choose any letter more than once, and some of the letters may not be chosen.
______1. Mathew majors in media and hopes to understand Chinese broadcasting and TV News and communicate with the Chinese people.
______ 2. Sarah is a Learner of Chinese with a fairly good knowledge of basic Chinese grammar and a vocabulary of 2500, hoping to improve her Chinese ability in speaking, reading and writing.
______ 3. Lois majors in Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language and hopes to improve her ability in translation.  
______ 4. Dennis once has taught himself Chinese and can speak a little Chinese but with poor pronunciation and grammar, hoping to meet the needs of everyday life and study, and understand each other in basic communication through training.
______ 5. Georgia specializes in the Chinese language and culture at the average. He plans to have a tour in China.
A．Comprehensive language skill training
100 lessons in total focusing on pronunciation, grammar and discourse (語段). To enable the learner to master the basic knowledge of the Chinese language, to have the basic ability of listening, speaking, reading and writing, so that they are able to communicate with others and to meet the needs of everyday life, study and socialty. This will lay a foundation for further study of Chinese.
B．Intermediate (中等) Chinese Comprehensive Course
40 lessons in all, focusing on the training of the comprehensive skills of listening, speaking, reading and writing of intermediate Chinese. To enable the students to recognize, understand and use the active and less active words, to improve their ability of expressing themselves in paragraphs and discourse, to master the new words, patterns, grammatical structures, paragraphs and discourse and means of connections so as to express the meaning of the texts correctly and fluently in paragraphs and discourse.
C．News Listening
Based on frequently used words, typical sentences and information and concentrating on improving the ability of listening comprehension. To improve the ability of collecting information, to grasp the knowledge and skills they have learned and to understand the broadcasting and TV news of similar themes and relevant level of difficulty with the correctness of 80%. To build up the foundation for further study.
D．Elementary English-Chinese Translation
25 classes in total, including various styles such as poems, popular science, political comments and news, about every aspect of everyday life. The texts vary from easy to difficult and combine theory with practice as well as translation and interpretation. About 185 hours are needed. To familiarize the learner with the equivalent (對應(yīng)的) Chinese expressions of English. To enable them to know usage of Chinese and English words and sentences, cultural differences and the background knowledge.
E. Elementary Spoken Chinese in Business
24 units in all. Chinese words and expressions in business and trade are introduced in the form of vivid situational dialogues, notes and exercises. To enable the learner to master the words and expressions of elementary spoken business Chinese and to communicate with others in trade and business.
F. Chinese Human Geography
Introduction to geographic environment and cultural phenomena in various parts of China, such as natural features, historical backgrounds, religious sites, ancient battle fields, dramas and arts, traditional products, and special food, etc. Through the introduction to historical and cultural sites and scenery, the learner will have a general view about Chinese geography, history, culture and regional features.
Getting away for a short time always seems like a great idea — until you have to pack. But packing won’t be a problem if you keep in mind one simple rule. Whether you’ll be sleeping overnight at a friend’s house, or visiting a relative for a week, the rule is: pack light. Here are some tips to help you pack.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Body language is a very powerful tool of a communication, not only between people but in the animal world as well.
In many instances, we produce idioms which are all understandable by borrowing examples from animal communication.
For example, we know that a frightened cat will arch（拱型）. From this starting-point we might hear the expression. “He gets my back up!” meaning “He makes me angry.”
In the same manner, we know that many animals, if challenged（挑戰(zhàn)）by attackers, will not turn and run away because this will encourage the attackers to attack them more forcefully. Instead, they will move backwards slowly to get out of harm’s way, always facing their attacker. We call this action “backing off” and it can be used as well with humans as with animals.
In the case of humans, however, the back-off may not be physical but oral, as in using a kinder tone of voice and gentle words instead of fighting against the attackers.
8. 小題1:When a cat arches its back high in a rigid curve, it shows that it is       .
A．a(chǎn)ngryB．pleasedC．frightenedD．defeated
9. 小題2:In the article “back off” means       .
A．to escape from the attackers
B．to get away quickly
C．to keep out the attackers
D．to avoid the attackers in words
10. 小題3:Which of the following is wrong according to the article?
A．To learn knowledge, humans must learn from animals.
B．Both humans and animals have the body language.
C．Both humans and animals have ways of getting out of harm.
D．“Face your attackers” means to encourage yourself.
11. 小題4:What is mentioned（提到）in this article belongs to study of English       .
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Right is right. Right? Of course. But is left wrong? Well, the Romans used to think so. They thought left-handed people were mistakes of nature. Latin, the language of the Romans, had many words that expressed this view. Some words we use today still have this meaning. The Latin word “dexter” means “right”. The English word “dexterous” comes from this word. It means “handy” (clever with hands). So, right is handy. But the Latin word for left is “sinister”. The English word “sinister” comes from this word. Sinister means “evil” (very bad). Is it fair to call right-handed people handy and left-handed people evil? Well, fair or not, many languages have words that express such beliefs. In old English, the word for left means “weak”. That isn’t much of an improvement over “evil”.
Not very long ago, children were often forced to write with their right hands. Doctors have since found that this can be very harmful. You should use the hand you were born to use.
People who use their left hands are just starting to get better treatment. But why they get all these bad names in the first place? One reason may be that there are not as many left-handed people as there are right-handed people. There is one left-handed person for every five right-handed ones. People who are different are often thought to be wrong. But attitudes do seem to be changing. Fair-minded right-handed people are finally starting to give left-handed people a hand.
小題1:What does the passage lead us to believe when one writes?
A．He can only use his right hand.
B．He can only use his left hand.
C．He can use either his left hand or his right hand.
D．He can use both his left hand and his right hand.
小題2:The last sentence of this article means ________.
A．Fair-minded right-handed people want to change the habit of the left-handed people
B．Fair-minded right-handed people are starting to help the left-handed people
C．Fair-minded right-handed people are starting to use left hand to write and so on
D．Fair-minded right-handed people are starting to give up using their left hands
小題3: After we read the article we can certainly know that _______.
A．left-handed people have been treated poorly
B．the number of the left-handed people is larger than that of right-handed people
C．right-handed people are much cleverer than left-handed people
D．left-handed people are less smart but hardworking
小題4:Which of the following is NOT right, according to the article?
A．At one time, left-handed people were forced to use their right hands.
B．Left-handed people today are being treated better than those in the past.
C．There are not as many left-handed people as there are right-handed people today.
D．“Dexterous” comes from Latin, means “evil” and English “sinister” means “handy”.

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Everywhere man is altering the balance of nature．He is facilitating the spread of plants and animals into new regions, sometimes deliberately, sometimes unconsciously．He is covering huge areas with new kinds of plants, or with houses, factories, slag-heaps and other products of his civilization．He exterminates some species on a large scale, but favours the multiplication of others．In brief, he has done more in five thousand years to alter the biological aspect of the planet than has nature in five million．
Many of these changes which he has brought about have had unforeseen consequences．Who would have thought that the throwing away of a piece of Canadian waterweed would have caused half the waterways of Britain to be blocked for a decade, or that the provision of pot cacti for lonely settlers’ wives would have led to Eastern Australian being overrun with forests of Prickly Pear? Who would have prophesied that the cutting down of forests on the Adriatic coasts, or in parts of Central Africa, could have reduced the land to a semidesert, with the very soil washed away from the bare rock? Who would have thought that improved communications would have changed history by the spreading of disease-sleeping sickness into East Africa, measles into Oceania, very possibly malaria into ancient Greece?
These are spectacular examples; but examples on a smaller scale are everywhere to be found．We make a nature sanctuary for rare birds, prescribing absolute security for all species; and we may find that some common and hardy kind of bird multiplies beyond measure and ousts the rare kinds in which we were particularly interested．We see, owing to some little change brought about by civilization, the starling spread over the English country-side in hordes．We improve the yielding capacities of our cattle; and find that now they exhaust the pastures which sufficed for less exigent stock．
小題1:The following examples except ________ reflect man altering the balance of nature．
A．man is covering huge areas with new kinds of plants
B．man is facilitating the spread of animals into new regions．
C．man is killing some species on a large scale
D．man is getting to know the importance of keeping the balance of nature．
小題2:What had a piece of Canadian waterweed cause?
A．Eastern Australian was overrun with forests．
B．Half the waterways of Britain blocked for a decade．
C．In parts of central Africa, the land reduced to a semidesert．
D．Disease-sleeping has been caused．
小題3:What have spread diseases?
A．Disease-sleeping sickness．B．Measles．
C．Improved communications．D．Malaria．
小題4:We make a nature sanctuary for rare birds but __________
A．some common and hardy kind of bird multiplies
B．rare kinds multiply
C．a(chǎn)ll bird multiply
D．no bird multiply
小題5:The main idea of the passage is _________．
A．that man is deliberately destroying the balance of nature
B．that man has foreseen the consequences of altering the balance old nature
C．that improved communications have changed history
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Every human being has a unique① arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of finger-prints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case.
The ridge structure on a person’s fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by surface injuries. Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one, which bears a reproduction of the original② pattern. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed. Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own finger-prints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take.
Finger-prints can be made very easily with printer’s ink. They can by recorded easily. With special methods, identification③ can be achieved successfully within a short time. Because of the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case. A suspected man may deny a charge but this may be in vain. His finger-prints can prove who he is even if his appearance has been changed by age or accident.
When a suspect leaves finger-prints behind at the scene of a crime, they are difficult to detect with the naked eye. Special techniques are used to “develop” them. Some of the marks found are incomplete but identification is possible if a print of a quarter of an inch square can be obtained.
Notes:
①    unique  adj. 唯一的，獨特的
②    original  adj. 最初的，原始的
③    identification  n. 辯認，鑒定
小題1: Scientists and experts have proved that the pattern of a human being’s finger skin ________.
A．is similar to his mother’s
B．is valuable to himself only
C．is like that of others with the same type of blood
D．is different from that of all others
小題2: If your fingers are wounded by knife, fire or other means, the structure of skin will ________.
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C．be the same when the wound is recoveredD．become ugly
小題3: Some criminals remove their own finger-prints by ________.
A．using printer’s inkB．injuring the inner skin
C．damaging the outer skin D．damaging the colour
小題4: Finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case because it ________.
A．is complicated but reliableB．is simple and not expensive
C．is expensive but easy to doD．can bring a lot of money

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Disposing(處理) of waste has been a problem since humans started producing it. As more and more people choose to live close together in cities, the waste-disposal problem becomes increasingly difficult.
During the eighteenth century, it was usual for several neighboring towns to get together to select a faraway spot as a dumpsite. Residents or trash haulers(垃圾托運者) would transport household rubbish, rotted wood, and old possessions to the site. Periodically(定期的) some of the trash was burned and the rest was buried. The unpleasant sights and smells caused no problem because nobody lived close by.
Factories, mills, and other industrial sites also had waste to be disposed of. Those located on rivers often just dumped the unwanted remains into the water. Others built huge burners with chimneys to deal with the problem.
Several facts make these choices unacceptable to modern society. The first problem is space. Dumps, which are now called landfills, are most needed in heavily populated areas. Such areas rarely have empty land suitable for this purpose. Property is either too expensive or too close to residential(住宅區(qū)的)neighborhoods. Long-distance trash hauling has been a common practice, but once farm areas are refusing to accept rubbish from elsewhere, cheap land within trucking distance of major city areas is almost nonexistent.
Awareness of pollution dangers has resulted in more strict rules of waste disposal. Pollution of rivers, ground water, land and air is a price people can no longer pay to get rid of waste. The amount of waste, however, continues to grow.
Recycling efforts have become commonplace, and many towns require their people to take part. Even the most efficient recycling programs, however, can hope to deal with only about 50 percent of a city's reusable waste.
小題1:The most suitable title for this passage would be ______.
A．Places for Disposing WasteB．Waste Pollution Dangers
C．Ways of Getting Rid of WasteD．Waste Disposal Problem
小題2:During the 18th century, people disposed their waste in many ways EXCEPT for ______.
A．burying itB．recycling it
C．burning itD．throwing it into rivers
小題3:What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph?
A．Farm areas accept waste from the city in modern society.
B．There is cheap land to bury waste in modem society.
C．It is difficult to find space to bury waste in modem society.
D．Ways to deal with waste in modem society stay the same.
小題4: The main purpose of writing this article is to ________.
A．draw people's attention to waste management
B．warn people of the pollution dangers we are facing
C．call on people to take part in recycling programs
D．tell people a better way to get rid of the waste

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit. Write your answers on your answer sheet.
A political scientist from Indiana University whose work exploring how people come together to preserve their collective resources may provide important clues in the fight against climate change has become the first woman to win the Nobel prize for economics.
Elinor Ostrom, 76, shares 2009 Nobel prize with fellow American academic Oliver Williamson, 77. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences announced to the world the pair had been chosen to win the 40th prize in economic sciences.
For Ostrom, the award came, as a "big surprise". To rise to the peak of her area of learning has been a big journey, as she has had to struggle against her own weaknesses and the barriers of the system. At school in Los Angeles, she suffered from stuttering. She also faced the barriers common to most women of her generation entering the sciences --- she was discouraged from taking a PhD when she applied for graduate school.
Her field of study has been striking for how cross-disciplinary it is. Early on she gained a reputation for bringing economics, political science and sociology together.
What interests her is how common property can be managed successfully through groups in society. The findings of her research have been striking, as the Nobel committee pointed out, because they have challenged the traditional assumption that common property is poorly managed unless it is either controlled by government or privatized. She has shown how different individuals can band together and form collectives that protect the resource at hand.
“A lot of people are waiting for more international co-operation to solve global warming.” Ostrom said , “It is important that there is international agreement, but we can be taking steps at family level, community level, civic and national level … There are many steps that can be taken. That will not solve it on their own but continuously will make a big difference.”
81. How did Ostrom feel when she got the prize?  (not more than 3 words)
82. What does “cross-disciplinary” mean according to the passage?  (not more than 9 words)
83. Why was Ostrom advised not to take a PhD when she applied for graduate school?  (not more than 9 words)
84. Why was Ostrom awarded the Nobel prize for economics?  (not more than 16 words)

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A computer virus is a program or piece of code that is loaded onto your computer without your knowledge and runs against your wishes. All computer viruses are manmade. Here are some virus prevention tips.
Do not open any files attached to an e-mail from an unknown, suspicious or untrustworthy source.
Do not open any files attached to an e-mail unless you know what it is, even if it appears to come from a dear friend or someone you know. Some viruses can replicate（復制） themselves and spread through e-mail. Better be safe that sorry and confirm that they really sent it .
Do not open any files attached to an e-mail if the subject line is questionable or unexpected. If the need to do so is there always save the file to your hard drive before doing so.
Delete chain e-mails and junk e-mail. Do not forward（轉(zhuǎn)寄） or reply to any of them. These types of e-mail are considered spam（垃圾郵件）, which contains lots of annoying advertisements and useless information.
Do not download any files from strangers.
Be careful when downloading files from the Internet. Ensure that the source is a legitimate（合法的）and reputable one. Verify（證實）that an anti-virus program checks the files on the download site. If you are uncertain, don’t download the file at all or download the file to a floppy（軟盤）and test it with your own anti-virus software.
Update your anti-virus software regularly. Over 500 viruses are discovered each month, so you’ll want to be protected. These updates should be at least the products virus signature files. You may also need to update the product’s scanning engine as well.
Back up（備份） your files on a regular basis. If a virus destroys your files, at least you can replace them with your backup copy. You should store your backup copy in a separate location from your work files, one that is preferably not on your computer.
小題1:This passage mainly tells us              .
A．What a computer virus is
B．how to use e-mail safely
C．how to use computers safely
D．how to prevent computer viruses
小題2:Which of the following statements about computer virus is TRUE?
A．A computer virus is a kind of worm
B．Not all computer viruses are manmade
C．Computer viruses run according to our wishes
D．A computer virus is a program or piece of code.
小題3: When we use e-mail, we should                .
A．open all the files we receive
B．open any file even if we don’t know what it is
C．not open any files if the subject line is questionable
D．forward or reply to junk e-mail.
小題4:Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．We’d better not down load any files from strangers.
B．We’d better download files from a legitimate and reputable source.
C．We should update our anti-virus software regularly.
D．We should store our backup copy in the same location as our work files.

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