“Most experiences of absent-mindedness ,forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room , are caused by a simple lack of attention, ” says Schacter. “You’re supposed to remember something, but you haven’t encoded（編碼） it deeply.”
　Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impression on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create troublesome situations. If you　put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don’t pay attention to what you did because you’re involved in a conversation, you’ll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your cupboard. “ Your memory itself isn’t failing you, ” says Schacter, “Rather, you didn’t give your memory system the information it needed.”  http://wx.jtyjy.com/
　Lack of interest can also lead to absent -mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago, ” says Zelinski, “ may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.”Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory depends on just that.
　　“Visual cues（ 視覺(jué)提示 ）can help prevent absent--mindedness, ”says Schacter, “But be sure the cue is clear and available. ”If you want to remember to take a medicine with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table—don’t leave it in the medicine box and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket.
　　Another common experience of absent - mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you’re there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. “Everyone does this from time to time, ”says Zelinski. “The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you’ll likely remember.”
小題1:The writer of the passage thinks that encoding properly is very important because ________.
A．it enables us to recall something from our memory
B．it slows down the process of losing our memory
C．it helps us understand our memory system better
D．it helps us to get back to where we were
小題2:One possible reason why women have a little better memories than men is that________.
A．they rely more on the environment
B．they have a wider range of interests
C．they have an unusual power of focusing their attention
D．they are more interested in what’s happening around them
小題3:Why can a note in the pocket hardly serve as a reminder? ________.
A．It will easily get lost
B．It is out of your sight
C．It’s not clear enough for you to read
D．It might get mixed up with other things
小題4:From the last paragraph we can learn that________.
A．repetition might help improve our memory
B．memory depends to a certain extent on the environment
C．we’d better return to where we were if we forget things
D．we should think about something else while doing one thing
小題5:The passage is mainly about ________.
A．the memory system of persons
B．a(chǎn) way of encoding and recalling
C．the causes of absent-mindedness
D．the impression of the environment on memory

小題1:A
小題1:D
小題1:B
小題1:C
小題1:C
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new ___36____. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labour through your work, you __37___ say that you’re “hot”. That’s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is ___38____. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered __39___ this is so , but it leads to such familiar monologues （自言自語(yǔ)）__40___ “Get up , John ! You’ll be late for work again!” The ___41___ explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature—and —energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ___42___ when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can’t change your ___43___, but you can make your life ___44___ it better. Habit can help. Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late ___45___. Counteract （打亂）your cycle to some extent by ___46___ staying up later than you want to . If your energy is ___47___ in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, ___48___ before your usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam(打起精神) and work better ___49___.
Get off to a slow start ___50___ saves your energy. Get up with a yawn （呵欠）and ___51___ . Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before ___52____ on the floor. Avoid the ___53___ search for clean clothes by laying them out ___54___. Whenever possible , do routine （常規(guī)的）work in the afternoon and save tasks ___55____ more energy for your sharper hours .
小題1:
A．impression B．explanationC．explorationD．translation
小題2:
A．mustB．shouldC．canD．may
小題3:
A．a(chǎn)t its bottomB．a(chǎn)t its beginning C．a(chǎn)t its endD．a(chǎn)t its peak
小題4:
A．whyB．thatC．whetherD．whatever
小題5:
A．a(chǎn)sB．such asC．whichD．like
小題6:
A．steadyB．occasionalC．surprisedD．possible
小題7:
A．startsB．comes backC．endsD．turns around
小題8:
A．life attitudeB．energy cycleC．time tableD．a(chǎn)larm o’clock
小題9:
A．to doB．changeC．fitD．to renew
小題10:
A．a(chǎn)nywhereB．no wayC．a(chǎn)nywayD．somewhere
小題11:
A．sensitively B．especiallyC．carefullyD．habitually
小題12:
A．lowB．highC．oldD．new
小題13:
A．go upB．riseC．liftD．raise
小題14:
A．in your high spiritB．a(chǎn)t the right time
C．a(chǎn)t your low pointD．in the same way
小題15:
A．whichB．whicheverC．whatD．whatever
小題16:
A．expressB．a(chǎn)ttendC．openD．stretch
小題17:
A．putting your feetB．setting your foot
C．laying down your footD．lying your feet
小題18:
A．tiredB．troublesomeC．immediateD．dangerous
小題19:
A．yesterdayB．last nightC．the night agoD．the night before
小題20:
A．suggestingB．demandingC．requiringD．persuading

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

During the last twenty years there has been increasing concern with the quality of the environment. Along with air and water pollutions, noises pollution has been recognized as a serious pollutant. As noise levels have risen, the effects of noise have become more apparent.
Noise is defined as "unwanted sound". Causes of noise pollution include traffic, aircraft, rock bands, barking dogs, televisions, garbage trucks, and noise from neighbors, voices, alarms, and watercrafts. Studies show that over forty percent of Americans are disturbed at home or lose sleep because of noise pollution.
Noise has bad effects on people and the environment. Noise causes hearing loss, interferes (妨礙) with human activities at home and work, and is in various ways dangerous to people's health and well being.
When we think, talk, listen to music, or sleep, we need quiet. Even low levels of noise can be annoying or frustrating. Sudden increases in volume can make sounds annoying. The quieter the background is, the more penetrating a noise can be.
Noise can also make instructions or warning unclear, resulting in accidents. Louder noise bursts can be more disruptive (破壞性).Continued stress can lead to high blood pressure, which is the major cause of some diseases.
Long exposure to noise levels above eight-five decibels (分貝) can damage inner cells and lead to hearing loss. Noise can result in the involuntary fear response and can cause adrenaline (腎上腺素) to be pumped into the bloodstream, the heart rate to quicken, muscles to tense, breathing to increase, and the digestive system to slow down.
Local government has the responsibility to fight noise pollution. For example, it can regulate the speed of trains through their community. On the other hand, a responsible citizen will never make noise pollution wherever he is.
小題1: How many kinds of environmental pollution are mentioned in the text?  
A．TwoB．ThreeC．FourD．Five
小題2:According to the text, noise pollution may be caused by         .  
A．parties and meetingsB．zoos and theaters
C．schools and factoriesD．vehicles and animals
小題3:What does the underlined word "penetrating" in paragraph 4 mean?  
A．High and excitingB．Sharp and shocking
C．Loud and unpleasantD．Clear and comfortable
小題4:In the last paragraph, the writer suggests that         .  
A．individuals and government should work together to reduce noise pollution
B．the government should offer it's people better education on noise pollution
C．the government should be responsible for noise pollution
D．people who make noise pollution should be punished
小題5:Which of the following is not related to noise pollution?  
A．hearing lossB．speeding the digestive system
C．high blood pressure D．a(chǎn)ccidents

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Energy is very important in modern life. People use energy to run machines, heat and cool their homes, cook, give light, and transport people and products from place to place. Most energy comes from fossil fuels—petroleum, coal, and natural gas. However, burning fuels causes pollution. Also, if we don’t find new kinds of energy, we will use up all the fossil fuels in the twenty-first century. Scientists are working hard to find other kinds of energy for the future. What might these sources of energy be?
Energy from the wind
All over the world, people use the power of the wind. It turns windmills and moves sailboats. It is a clean source of energy, and there is lots of it. Unfortunately, if the wind does not blow, there is no wind energy.
Energy from water
When water moves from a high place to a lower place, it makes energy. This energy is used to create electricity. In Brittany, France, for example, waterpower produces enough energy to light a town of 40,000people. Waterpower gives energy without pollution. However, people have to build dams to use this energy. Dams cost a lot of money, so water energy is expensive.
Energy from the earth
There is heat in rocks under the earth. Scientists use this heat to make geothermal energy. San Francisco gets half of the energy it needs from geothermal power. This kind of energy is cheap, but it is possible only in a few places in the world.
Energy from the sun
Solar panels on the roofs of houses can turn energy from the sun into electricity. These panels can create enough energy to heat an entire house. Solar power is clean and there is a lot of it in sunny places. But when the weather is bad, there is no sunlight for energy.
小題1:What does this passage mainly talk about?
A．Advantage of the energy from nature.
B．The future of the energy.
C．Scientists have been working hard to research other kinds of energy.
D．energy is the most important power in the word.
小題2:From the first paragraph we know ______.
A．energy can do everything for people
B．a(chǎn)ll the energy causes pollution
C．the new kinds of energy are badly needed
D．scientists have found other kinds of energy for the future
小題3:What is the writer’s opinion about the energy?
A．Try to use water energy more though it costs a lot.
B．Each natural energy has its own advantages and disadvantages.
C．Solar power is environmental.
D．Wind power is the cheapest but we can’t get.
小題4:What can be inferred from the passage?
A．In order to protect our environment, we should try other kinds of energy.
B．All scientists in the world will unite to find energy.
C．People in modern life use energy every day.
D．Energy changes people’s lives.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Disposing of the garbage we produce every day is a major problem in cities around the world. In the United States, over 160 million tons of garbage is produced every year. Ten percent is recycled, ten percent is burned, and the rest is put in landfills. But finding land for new landfills is becoming more difficult.
A city that has solved this problem in an unusual way is Machida in Tokyo. They have developed a totally new way of dealing with garbage. The key to the operation is that people should work together. Families must divide their garbage into six groups:
1. garbage that can be easily burned, such as kitchen and garden trash
2. garbage that doesn’t burn easily, such as plastic tools and plastic toys
3. products that are poisonous or that cause pollution, such as batteries
4. bottles and glass containers that can be recycled
5. metal containers that can be recycled
6. large items, such as furniture and bicycles
    The items in Groups 1 to 5 are collected on different days. Large items are only collected upon request. Then the garbage is taken to a centre that looks like a clean new office building or hospital. Inside the centre, special equipment is used to sort and deal with garbage. Almost everything can be reused: garden or kitchen trash becomes fertilizer; garbage that can burn is burned to produce electricity; metal containers and bottles are recycled; and old furniture, clothing, and other useful items are cleaned, repaired, and resold cheaply or given away. The work provides employment for the disabled and gives them a chance to learn new skills.
Nowadays, officials from cities around the world visit Machida to see whether they can use some of these ideas and techniques to solve their own garbage problems.
小題1: Each year people in the U.S.A. have to find places to put in _______ million tons of garbage.
A.160           B.128               C.16                    D.32
小題2:George’s family has the following garbage: wooden chairs, empty tins and branches. Into which group should he put the garbage?
A．Group 6, Group 5, Group 1.B．Group 1, Group 3, Group 2.
C．Group 6, Group 5, Group 2. D．Group 6, Group 4, Group 1.
小題3: From the text we know that ________ .
A．those who are working at the garbage disposal centre are disabled persons.
B．without people’s cooperation, the garbage disposal project would be a failure.
C．the items in Group1 and Group6 are not collected on the same day.
D．the garage is taken to a clean new office building for disposal.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

“I had a test and didn’t want to do it, so I pretended to be ill”, says 13-year-old Mary. But Mary did not enjoy her day off. “It was boring. I wished I had gone to school.”
Mary’s story is not unusual in Britain. According to the latest government figures, pupil absences are rising, despite schools taking a hard line on truancy (逃學(xué)).
Dr Philip James from Cardiff University thinks she knows why: “As schools make more efforts to find and punish missing students, students find better ways to avoid being caught.”
For several years, James has researched teenager truancy and discovered that most truancy was “a response to factors within the school”. Students that skip school are not necessarily less advanced or less intelligent. They complained of teachers who failed to engage them, and of “boring” lessons. “Many of them really enjoy school and believe in education, but drop out when aspects of it are ineffective.” James says.
The views of students like Adam, who believes that skipping lessons has little impact on his schooling, are common. “I only take off for a lesson, or a couple of days. It doesn’t affect my education,” he told James.
James believes that schools need to address the question of why pupils want to leave in the first place. “Pupils need help from the start.” she says. “Schools need to look at the reasons for truancy rather than the number, so that instead of walking away from school, students have the skills and chances to talk through problems and make a change.”
小題1:What is one of the reasons that many students skip school according to James’ study?
A．They feel they have fallen behind in their studies.
B．They have no interest in school education.
C．They now have more interesting things to do.
D．They find some lessons and teachers uninteresting.
小題2:The underlined phrase “taking a hard line” (Paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．experiencing a problem withB．having a strict attitude towards
C．finding it difficult to deal with D．having little success with
小題3:The writer used Adam’s comments (Paragraph 5) to show that ________.
A．school education needs improvement
B．good students also need a break from school
C．schools need to pay more attention to truancy
D．many students believe occasional truancy isn’t serious
小題4:What does Dr James suggest schools do about truancy?
A．Fire all their unqualified teachers.
B．Improve communication with students.
C．Develop better ways to discover truancy.
D．Introduce more serious punishments.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

IS IT TIME TO GET － MP3
Your computer has been playing music for years, one CD at a time．Now hundreds of songs can be stored in your PC if they’re in the MP3 format．
What is it?
MP3 compresses (壓縮) music into small computer—friendly files．You access MP3 music several ways: Tunes can be downloaded from websites that have converted (轉(zhuǎn)變) vast music libraries into MP3．Or you can prerecorded CDs into your PC and convert songs in minutes into MP3．Once MP3 music is on your PC’s hard drive, you can play it through your computer’s speakers, “burn” it onto blank CDs or swap (交換) MP3 files with friends using e—mail．
How much?
Software needed to play and convert MP3 music is often free．It is preinstalled (預(yù)先安裝)on most new computers or can be downloaded from many websites, including MP3, com．Some MP3 sites are free．Just type at around $50 and can hold hundreds of songs．A blank CD on which you can record music costs about a dollar．
Advantages
MP3 turns your home PC into a jukebox (自動(dòng)唱機(jī))．Tiny MP3 players are the size of a deck of cards, making it easy to take hundreds of songs with you．
Disadvantages
You may find that music at many sites is limited．And some only allow you to listen rather than download offerings．Others let you download music that then can’t be copied to MP3 players．And a growing number of new CDs make it impossible to copy songs to a computer．
小題1:How can you get Mp3 music?
A．By turning your home PC into jukebox．
B．By taking you own music or songs with you．
C．By copying songs to a PC through the speakers．
D．By downloading from websites which have converted music libraries．
小題2:Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Software needed to play and convert MP3 music is often free of charge．
B．MP3 music can be “burned” onto bland CDs or swapped with friends by e-mail．
C．MP3 music can be taken along while traveling．
D．A greater number of new CDs make it possible to copy songs to a computer．
小題3:How much will you pay for a MP3 player?
A．Free of chargeB．Free downloading
C．At least fifty dollarsD．About a dollar
小題4:What is the closest meaning of the underlined word “burn”?
A．CopyB．PlayC．StoreD．Change

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Television has changed our lives in many ways. Many people now spend more time watching TV than doing anything else. Researchers in the USA has estimated(估計(jì))that when most students leave school they have spent 11,000 hours in the classroom and 22,000 hours watching television. But what effect does this have?
Benefits(好處) of television:
1. Television helps us to learn more about the world and to know and see many mew things. Television can offer present information to us in a more effective way than books. It can also make things more memorable.
2. It entertains (使歡樂(lè)) us. It is an enjoyable way to relax. For millions of people around the world, television is a source of companionship and helps them to cope with everyday life.
3. It has increased the popularity of sports and arts.
4. It has made us aware of our global responsibilities. In 2000, for example, 1.5billion people in 147 countries watched a TV pop concert and helped to collect more than $100million for people in Africa.
Dangers:
1. Television can make us passive (消極的). We don't have to think and our brains become lazy.
2. It encourages us to buy things that we don’t need, and can make us unhappy with our own life.
3. It takes time away from activities such as reading, conversation, and games.
4. It gives a false picture of society. A study in 2003 showed that people who watch a lot of TV are more afraid of crime. They also think that there is a lot more crime than there really is .
5. Some critics(批評(píng)家) say that television make people violent. A ten-year study in the United States showed that children who watch violent television programmes are more likely to be violent themselves.
小題1: What’s the proper description of the time American students spend on TV and study?
A．They spend twice as much time on TV as in the classroom.
B．They spend twice as much time in the classroom as on TV.
C．They spend as much time on TV as in the classroom.
D．They spend less time on TV than in the classroom/
小題2: The underlined word “memorable” is closed in meaning to    .
A．easy to be rememberedB．remembered forever
C．interestingD．knowledgeable
小題3:Which of the following number is NOT true of the pop concert mentioned in the passage?
A．People in more than 140 countries watched it on TV
B．It helped to collect more than $100 million
C．It was held in 2000.
D．1.5million people watched it on TV.
小題4: According to the passage, the dangers of watching TV too much included all the following except that    .
A．television can make us active
B．television encourages us to buy things that we don’t need
C．television gives us a worse picture of society
D．television takes time away from a lot of activities

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The desire to make explorations is born with man. Wherever his imagination goes, man also has a strong wish to go. A large part human history is connected with the exploration of the world in which we live. Again and again people have set out with surprising courage and patience to look into unknown regions and lands to see what had not yet been seen, to make known the unknown. With kites, balloons and aircraft they left the ground to pass through the lower atmosphere. Now the outer space receives their attention.
Why should man take the trouble of conquering space? It is hard to list the specific practical benefits that will result in. But one knows, from past experience in other areas, that man will surely see and discover new things in space that will increase our scientific knowledge, and this new knowledge will find its way into valuable practical uses. What we learn about man himself, from his experience in space, and from the effects of space and the space flight environment on him, will be extremely valuable. The new techniques developed to carry out the exploration of space, and to keep man alive in space, will certainly find practical uses in everyday life in some way. The areas that will benefit are manifold. They include communication, generation of power, transportation and travel, food production, materials, fuels and many others. But to say definitely just what the practical results will be is almost impossible.
小題1:
The main idea of the first paragraph is that __________.
A．man desires to explore what is unknown
B．man often goes wherever his dreams go
C．man is no longer interested in the study of the land and sea now
D．man’s history is the exploration of the world
小題2:
The word “manifold” in the second paragraph probably means __________.
A．vast B．various C．valuable D．practical
小題3:
The author seems to be in favor of__________.
A．doubting the necessity of the space exploration
B．the exploration of space
C．exploring more in space than in the sea
D．his experience in space

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