Life on earth depends on water, and there is no substitute for it. The current assumption is that our basic needs for water — whether for drinking, agriculture, industry or the raising of fish will always have to be met . Given that premise (前提), there are two basic routes we can go: more equal access to water or better engineering solutions.
Looking at the engineering solution first, a lot of my research concentrates on what happens to wetlands when you build dams in river basins, particularly in Africa. The ecology of such areas is almost entirely driven by the seasonal changes of the river — the pulse of the water. And the fact is that if you build a dam, you generally spoil the downstream ecology. In the past, such problems have been hidden by a lack of information. But in the near future, governments will have no excuse for their ignorance.
The engineers’ ability to control water flows has created new kinds of unpredictability, too. Dams in Africa have meant fewer fish, less grazing and less floodplain (洪泛區(qū)) agriculture — none of which were expected. And their average economic life is assumed to be thirty years. Dams don’t exist forever, but what will replace them is not clear.
The challenge for the future is to find new means of controlling water. Although GM technology (轉(zhuǎn)基因) will allow us to breed better dry-land crops, there is no market for companies to develop crops suitable for the micro-climates of the Sahel and elsewhere in Africa. Who is going to pay for research on locally appropriate crops in the Third World?
小題1:What’s the main idea of this passage?
A．The engineering solutions to water resource and their limitation.
B．The challenge for the future.
C．The basic means of controlling water.
D．The challenge for developing crops.
小題2: Which of the following statements is NOT true for meeting our basic needs for water?
A．Water resource should be used more reasonably.
B．More dams should be built in river basins.
C．More wetlands should be protected from destruction.
D．More dry-land crops could be developed in Africa.
小題3: The author suggests that governments will have no excuse for their careless ignorance in the future because        .
A．The ecological destruction will be known to the public by researchers
B．The ecological destruction will no longer be a problem in the future
C．The future is an information age
D．Governments will face greater challenge in the future
小題4:The author mentions all the problems caused by dams EXCEPT          .
A．fewer fish B．less grazing land
C．less floodplain agriculture D．less farming land
小題5:The last sentence probably implies that          .
A．No one will invest in developing locally appropriate crops in Africa
B．Researchers have no interest in developing dry-land crops
C．Research on locally appropriate crops in the Third World may be profitable
D．There is less water resource in the Third World

小題1:A
小題1:B
小題1:C
小題1:D
小題1:A
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Children lie on couches or sit on floors, nearly hypnotized(迷住) by all kinds of messages coming from the television. This scene has become all too familiar. Increasingly, young children are adopting a watching-TV lifestyle, at s stage in life when activity is important to their growth. Furthermore, family time is being destroyed by too much TV time. Here are some facts you need to know:
*Research shows that children spend between five and six hours per day watching TV, and they go to bed before having any communication with other family members.
*Time spent in front of a screen is reducing the amount of time children spend sleeping.
*The more time a youth spends in front of a screen, the more likely he or she is to be overweight.
Experts(專家) offer the following advice to parents on how to stop their children from becoming addicted to television:
*Do not put a TV in a child’s bedroom.
*Make meal time, family time -----turn off the TV during a family meal time. Better yet, remove the TV from the eating area.
*Make TV time active time by doing simple exercise during advertisement breaks.
*Help your kids be clever TV watchers by teaching them to recognize a sales trick in advertisements(廣告).
*Create family memories by planning fun activities instead of always watching TV with your family.
*_______. Limit your own TV watching to less than two hours per day. The best way to learn is to follow; this is especially true for children.
小題1:Which fact is not mentioned(提到) as a result of watching TV in this passage?
A．Family time has been destroyed.
B．Children who watch too much TV are often overweight.
C．Children spend less time sleeping because of watching TV.
D．Children’s study can be badly influenced if they watch too much TV.
小題2:Which of the following is one piece of advice given in this passage?
A．Parents should teach children to judge TV advertisements.
B．TV should be removed from homes that have children.
C．The family should watch TV together while eating.
D．Parents should not allow children to watch TV.
小題3:The sentence in the blank in the last advice should be “_______”.
A．Be a good role modelB．Limit children’s TV time
C．TV time should not be over 2 hours.D．Watching too much TV is bad for children

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Are you a man or a mouse? When people ask this question they want to know whether you think you are a  36  person or a coward (懦夫). But you will never really know the answer to this question  37  you are tested in real life. Some people think they are brave, but when they come face to face with real  38 , they act like cowards. Others think of themselves as cowards, but when they meet danger, they act like heroes.
Lenny had always thought of himself as a  39  person. He got worried before examinations. He worried about his job and health. All he wanted in life was to be safe and healthy. Then on January 15th, 2002, a plane crashed into the Potomac River in Washington. Lenny happened to see a woman in the ice-cold water. He did not feel afraid. He 40  very calm and did a very dangerous thing. He jumped into the Potomac,  41  to the woman, and kept her head  42  the water. Seventy-eight people died that day. Thanks to Lenny, it was not  43  .
When you are in a very dangerous situation and feel afraid, the body automatically(自動地) produces a chemical called adrenalin in the blood. With adrenalin in the blood system, you actually feel stronger and stronger and are   44  to fight or run away. However, when you are terrified greatly, the body can produce too much adrenalin.   45  this happens, the muscles become very hard. You are then paralyzed (麻木) with fear. This is why when we are extremely frightened, we sometimes say we are “petrified”. This word   46  a Greek word “petros”, which means “stone”.  We are  47  frightened that we become stonelike.
小題1:
A．braveB．realC．hardD．certain
小題2:
A．whenB．untilC．a(chǎn)fterD．once
小題3:
A．lifeB．questionC．mouseD．danger
小題4:
A．usefulB．braveC．nervousD．terrible
小題5:
A．hadB．keptC．letD．made
小題6:
A．wentB．ranC．spokeD．swam
小題7:
A．inB．underC．a(chǎn)boveD．from
小題8:
A．a(chǎn)n accident B．a(chǎn) mistakeC．seventy-eightD．seventy-nine
小題9:
A．readyB．unable C．a(chǎn)fraidD．a(chǎn)nxious
小題10:
A．BeforeB．WhenC．UnlessD．While
小題11:
A．comes from B．comes backC．comes on D．comes across
小題12:
A．suchB．veryC．soD．really

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Do you know  21 languages there are in the world? There are about 1500, but many of them aren’t very  22  . English is one of the most important languages because many people 23  it, not only in England and America,  24  in other countries of world. About 375000000 people speak it  25  their own language, and another 375000000 use it as 26  language. It is 27  to say how many people are learning it.  28  boys and girls in schools are trying to do so.
Many English children study French. French is also a very important language.  29  children study German, Russian, Japanese and Chinese.
What is the best  30  to learn a language? We know that we all learnt  31  language well when we were 32  . If  we learn a second language in the  33  way, it won’t seem so difficult. What does a small child do? It  34  what people say, and it tries to guess what it hears. When it wants something, it has to 35  it. It is using the language, 36  in it and talking in it all the time. If people use a second language  37  , they will learn it 38  .
In school, you learn to read, to write, to hear and to speak. It is best to learn all new words
through the  39  .You can read them, spell them and  40 them later.
小題1:
A．how manyB．what numberC．a(chǎn) lot ofD．so many
小題2:
A．usefulB．necessaryC．importantD．good
小題3:
A．likeB．useC．learnD．speak
小題4:
A．butB．a(chǎn)ndC．a(chǎn)lsoD．so
小題5:
A．likeB．withC．forD．a(chǎn)s
小題6:
A．foreignB．a(chǎn) secondC．the secondD．a(chǎn) special
小題7:
A．easyB．a(chǎn)gainC．difficultD．best
小題8:
A．Millions ofB．Million ofC．MillionsD．Several million of
小題9:
A．SomeB．OtherC．AllD．Few
小題10:
A．timeB．wayC．thingD．place
小題11:
A．a(chǎn) foreignB．our mothers’C．other’sD．our own
小題12:
A．bornB．childrenC．grownD．boys
小題13:
A．sameB．differentC．usefulD．good
小題14:
A．doesB．saysC．listens toD．follows
小題15:
A．a(chǎn)skB．wantC．getD．a(chǎn)sk for
小題16:speaking                   B. writing                     C. thinking                   D. doing
小題17:
A．some timeB．sometimesC．a(chǎn)ll the sameD．for the time
小題18:
A．quicklyB．soonC．freelyD．hardly
小題19:
A．mouthB．handsC．earsD．mind
小題20:
A．listen toB．useC．loveD．write

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Dogs have an understanding of fair play and become angry if they feel that another dog is getting a better deal, a new study has found.
The study looked at how dogs react when a companion is rewarded for the same trick in an unequal way. Friederike Range, a researcher at the University of Vienna in Austria, and her colleagues did a series of experiments with dogs who knew how to respond to the command “give the paw “. The dogs were normally happy to repeatedly give the paw, whether they got a reward or not. But that changed if they saw that another dog was being rewarded with a piece of food, while they received nothing.
“We found that the dogs hesitated significantly longer when obeying the command to give the paw,” the researchers write. The unrewarded dogs eventually stopped cooperating.
Scientists have long known that humans pay close attention to inequity. But researchers always assumed that animals didn’t share the trait. “The argument was that this is a uniquely human phenomenon,” says Frans de Waal, a professor of psychology at Emory University in Atlanta.
That changed in 2003 when he and a colleague did a study on monkeys. The monkeys had to hand a small rock to researchers to get a piece of cucumber in return. They were happy to do this. But if they saw that another monkey was getting a more delicious reward, a grape, for doing the same job, they would throw away the food and rock, and at some point just stopped performing.
In that experiment, the monkeys considered the fairness of two different types of payment. But when Range and her colleagues did a similar study with their trained dogs, testing to see if dogs would become upset if they only got dark bread when other dogs received sausage, they found that as long as the dogs got some kind of food payment, even if it wasn’t the most delicious kind, the animals would play along.
小題1:How did the dogs in Range’s study react to the order of “giving the paw”?
A．They took the order even without being rewarded.
B．They took the order only when rewarded.
C．They turned a deaf ear to repeated orders.
D．They hesitated longer when given repeated orders.
小題2: The research by Frans De Waal in 2003 ___________.
A．originated from Range’s research on dogs.
B．showed that animals do pay attention to inequity.
C．began the argument that only humans are aware of inequity.
D．was conducted to find out how monkeys reacted to humans’ orders.
小題3: Some monkeys in the research become angry because they found another monkey _______.
A．was given less work.
B．was given more food.
C．was given the same type of food.
D．was given more delicious food.
小題4: Range found that, compared with monkeys, dogs ____________.
A．care more about whether they are rewarded.
B．care less about what they are rewarded with.
C．care more about what they are ordered to do.
D．care less about who gives them orders.
小題5: What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Animals have various ways to show their anger.
B．Dogs are less intelligent than monkeys.
C．Dogs have a sense of fairness.
D．Most animals want to be rewarded equally.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Computer programmer David Jones earned $ 150,000 a year designing new computer games, yet he cannot find a bank prepared to let him have a check card (信用卡). Instead, he has been told to wait another two years until he is 18.
He works for a small firm in Liverpool, where most young people of his age are finding jobs. David”s biggest headache is what to do with his money. Though he has high payment, he cannot drive a car, or get credit cards.(信用卡)
David got his job four months ago, a year after leaving school with six O-Levels(普通成績) and working for a time in a computer shop. “I got the job because the people who run the firm knew I had already written some programs,” he said.
“I suppose $150,000 sounds a lot but I hope it will come to more than that this year.” He spends some of his money on records and clothes, and gives his mother $20 a week as he lives with his parents. But most of his spare time is spent working.
“Unfortunately, computing was not part of our studies at school,” he said. “ But I had been studying it in books and magazines for four years in my spare time. I knew what I wanted to do and never considered staying on at school. Most people in this business are fairly young, anyway. I would like to earn a million and I suppose early retirement(退休) is a possibility. You never know when the market might disappear.
11. why is David so different from other young people of his age?
A .He has got a job.                                   B. He lives at home with his parents
C .He does not get out much.               D. He earns a high payment
12. David’s greatest problem is that _____.
A. he can’t be treated as an adult (grown-up) by the bank
B. he can’t make as many games as he wishes
C .he doesn’t know what to buy with the money
D. he is too young to drive a car
13. He was employed by the company because _____
A .he had worked in a computer shop
B. he had written some computer programs
C. he is clever and works hard at his lessons
D. he had learnt computer from books and magazines
14. He left school after taking six O-Levels because ____.
A. he was afraid of getting too old to start computing               B. he didn’t enjoy school
C. he wanted to work with computers                                      D. he wanted to earn a lot of money.
15. Why does David think he might retire early?
A. He thinks computer games might not always sell so well.
B. He wants to stop working when he is a millionaire.
C. One has to be young to write computer programs
D. He thinks his firm might close down.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解



The King's School, Canterbury is an independent, co-educational secondary school. There are currently 791 pupils on the school roll(名單). The School has a long and distinguished history, and it is also one of the oldest charities in the country, providing scholarships to pupils and organizing a Charity of the Term.
The curriculum(課程)at King’s is based on strong academic roots. It emphasizes and relies upon what is best in traditional independent school education: scholarly excellence supported by a caring and tutorial system, and a wide-ranging co-curricular programme. However, it is continually adapting and reacting to the changing demands of modern education: new subjects are added, new teaching techniques adopted, and there is an increasing awareness of the need to provide programmes of study that match individual needs and skills.
The curriculum is divided into three units: the Lower School (Year 9), an introductory year; the Middle School (Years 10 and 11), working to GCSEs; and the Sixth Form ( Years 12 and 13), taking AS and A levels.  
Full details can be found in:  Shell Guide and Handbook; Middle School Academic Guide 2009-11; Middle School Academic Guide 2010-12;  Sixth Form Guide 2009-11 and Sixth Form Guide 2010-12.
Formal and structured educational support, for those who need it, is available at all levels. The well-stocked Library is open 7 days and 6 evenings per week. ICT facilities (including the Internet) are available for all and the whole school (studies within the Houses as well as classrooms) is extensively networked.   
Pupils are offered extensive careers advice throughout their time at King’s. Almost all go to university, either immediately or following a GAP year.  The most popular university destinations are Cambridge, Bristol, Nottingham, Durham, Leeds, Oxford, Edinburgh, Manchester, and University College, London.
Director of Studies: Geoff Cocksworth: grc@kings-school.co.uk
Examinations Officer: Elaine McDowell: eam@kings-school.co.uk  
小題1:The passage serves as a brief introduction to __________.
A．the King's SchoolB．the curriculum
C．the teaching planD．British education
小題2: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage ?
A．The King's School, Canterbury is a famous high school in Britain.
B．The curriculum at King’sis best in traditional and modern education.
C．All pupils of the school go to university immediately after they graduate.
D．pupils’ dormitories as well as classrooms are provided with network
小題3:The following can be inferred from the passage EXCEPT that __________.
A．The King's School focuses on pupils’ individual development
B．pupils in the King's School who pass GCSEs will go to university
C．pupils in the King's School have an easy access to the school library
D．pupils in the King's School receive good education
小題4:The passage is probably taken from a ___________.
A．handbookB．websiteC．guideD．teaching plan

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Ever thought you’d get to experience the smell of ancient Egyptian queen Cleopatra’s hair, or the scent(氣味) of the sun? Visitors to the Reg Vardy Gallery will soon be able to do just that.
The gallery, at Sunderland University, England, is holding a new exhibition “If There Ever Was”. It focuses on scent rather than sight.
The innovative(創(chuàng)新的) idea is the brainchild of curator(館長) Robert Blackson. His inspiration came from reading the book Fast Food Nation. The book discussed the use of artificial chemicals to flavor things such as milkshakes, making them smell and taste like strawberries, when they’re not actually made from them.
A smell can often conjure up(召喚) memories such as school dinners or a childhood holiday by the sea, but the smells on display, will allow visitors to experience smells their noses won’t have been able to pick out before.
“There’s a whole variety of different smells, including some extinct flowers,” explains Blackson. “Some have been gone for hundreds of years.”
One extraordinary fragrance(香氣) is the aftermath(災難的后果) of the first atomic bomb, dropped on Japan on August 6,1945.
There is also the smell of Clepatra’s hair, based on incense(熏香) that was popular among ancient Egyptians.
The Soviet Mir space station, which burnt up in the atmosphere in 2001, smells of charred(燒焦的) material (the space station caught fire).
Among the stranger smells is the “surface of the sun”.
“It is hard to sum up. It is an atmospheric smell, like walking into a room when the sun has been pouring in” says Blackson. “It gives a freshness, a sun kissed feel with a bit of metal. If you can say something smells hot, this is it.”
A team of 11, including perfume designers, have been working on recreating the smells for the exhibition. James Wong, a botanist（植物學家）at Botanic Gardens Conservation International, UK, helped in the recreation of the smells of four extinct flowering plants.
He did this by closely linking the extinct flowers with the smells of existing ones. With the help of historical reports of how the extinct flowers smelled, he was able to remix the aromas(芳香).
The exhibition runs until June 6.Fourteen extinct and impossible smells are on display.
小題1:What might be the best title of the passage?
A．The Reg Vardy GalleryB．Egyptian queen Cleopatra’s hair
C．A visit to a new exhibitionD．The scents of ancient Egypt
小題2:Visitors can enjoy all of the following scents at the Reg Vardy Gallery EXCEPT  .
A．the scent of ancient Egyptian queen Cleopatra’s hair
B．the smells of charred material of the Soviet Mir space station
C．the scent of having a childhood vacation by the sea
D．the smell of the aftermath of the first atomic bomb dropped on Japan
小題3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Visitors go to Reg Vardy Gallery to enjoy beautiful sights.
B．James Wong managed to remix the aromas by referring to some historical reports.
C．The exhibition will last until July 6.
D．The scents visitors will smell are found in the tomb (墳墓) of the ancient Egyptian queen Cleopatra.
小題4:In which session are you likely to read the passage in a newspaper?
A．ScienceB．EducationC．EntertainmentD．Economy

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The temperature of the sun is over 5000 degrees Fahrenheit at the surface, but it rises to perhaps more than 16 million degrees at the center．The sun is so much hotter than die earth that matter can exist only as a gas, except at the core．In the core of the sun, the pressures are so great against the gases that, despite the high temperature, there may be a small solid core．However, no one really knows, since the center of the sun can never be directly observed．
Solar astronomers do know that the sun is divided into five layers or zones．Starting at the outside and going down into the sun, the zones are the corona, chromosphere, photosphere, convection zone and finally the core．The first three zones are regarded as the sun's atmosphere．
But since the sun has no solid surface, it is hard to tell where the atmosphere ends and the main
body of the sun begins．
The sun's outermost layer begins about 10000 miles above the visible surface and goes outward for mllions of miles．This is the only part of the sun that can be seen during an eclipse（日食） such as the one in February 1979．At any other time, the corona can be seen only when special instruments are used on cameras and telescopes to shut out the glare of the sun's rays．
The corona is a brilliant, pearly white, filmy light, about as bright as the full moon．Its beautiful rays are a sensational sight during an eclipse．The corona's rays flash out in a brilliant fan that has wispy spikelike（一束束穗狀） rays near the sun's north and south poles．The corona is thickest at the sun's equator．
The corona rays are made up of gases streaming outward at tremendous speeds sad reaching a temperature of more than 2 million degrees Fahrenheit．The rays of gas thin out as they reach the space around the planets．By the time the sun's corona rays reach the Earth, they are weak and invisible．
小題1:Matter on the aim can exist only in fee form of gas because of the sun's ___．
A．sizeB．a(chǎn)geC．locationD．temperature
小題2:All of the following are parts of the sun's atmosphere EXCEPT the ___．
A．coronaB．chromosphereC．photosphere D．core
小題3:According to the passage, as the corona ra5,'s reach -die plaasts, they become ___．
A．hotterB．clearer C．thinnerD．stronger
小題4:Which of 'die following do the paragraphs following the passage most likely discuss?
A．The remaining layers of the sun．
B．The evolution of the sun to its present form．
C．The eclipse of February 1979．
D．All the above．

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