Across Britain, burnt toast will be served to mothers in bed this morning as older sons and daughters rush to deliver their supermarket bunches of flowers. But, according to a new study, we should be placing a higher value on motherhood all year.

Mothers have long known that their home workload was just as heavy as paid work. Now, the new study has shown that if they were paid for their parental labours, they would earn as much as £172,000 a year.

The study looked at the range of jobs mothers do, as well as the hours they are working, to determine the figure. This would make their yearly income £30,000 more than the Prime Minister earns.

By analyzing the numbers, it found the average mother works 119 hours a week, 40 of which would usually be paid at a standard rate 79 hours as overtime. After questioning 1,000 mothers with children under 18, it found that, on most days, mums started their routine work at 7 am and finished at around 11 pm.

To calculate just how much mothers would earn from that labour, it suggested some of the roles that mums could take on, including housekeeper, part-time lawyer, personal trainer and entertainer. Being a part-time lawyer, at £48,98 an hour, would prove to be the most profitable of the “mum jobs”, with psychologist(心理學(xué)家) a close second.

It also asked mothers about the challenges they face, with 80 per cent making emotional(情感的) demand as the hardest thing about motherhood.

Over a third of mums felt they needed more training and around half said they missed going out with friends.

The study shows mothers matter all year long and not just on Mother’s Day. The emotional, physical and mental energy mothers devote to their children can be never-ending, but children are also sources of great joy and happiness. Investing(投入) in time for parenting and raising relationships is money well spent.

1.How much would a mother earn a year if working as the Prime Minister?

A. £30,000. B. £142,000.

C. £172,000. C. £202,000.

2.The biggest challenge for most mothers is from .

A. emotional demand B. low pay for work

C. heavy workload D. lack of training

3.What is stressed in the last paragraph?

A. mothers’ importance shows in family all year long.

B. The sacrifices mothers make are huge but worthwhile.

C. Mothers’ devotion to children can hardly be calculated.

D. Investing time in parenting would bring a financial return.

4.What can we conclude from the study?

A. Mothers’ working hours should be largely reduced.

B. Mothers should balance their time for work and rest.

C. Mothers’ labour is of a higher value than it is realized.

D. Mothers should be freed from housework for social life.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2016屆河南省八市高三12月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：書(shū)面表達(dá)

書(shū)面表達(dá)（共1小題）

假如你是李華，你的好友David在中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)歌詠比賽中榮獲一等獎(jiǎng)。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容，給他寫(xiě)一封祝賀信。內(nèi)容包括：

1．向他表示祝賀；

2．請(qǐng)他介紹成功的經(jīng)驗(yàn)；

3．希望有一天能像他一樣取得成功。

注意：

1．詞數(shù)100左右。

2．開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫(xiě)好，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

3．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

Dear David,

I hear that you have own first prize_________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

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A man once said how useless it was to put advertisements in the newspapers. “l(fā)ast week,” said he, “my umbrella was stolen from a London church. As it was a present, I spent twice its worth in advertising, but didn't get it back. ”

“How did you write your advertisement?” asked one of the listeners, a merchant.

“Here it is, said the man, taking out of his pocket a slip cut from a newspaper. The other man took it and read, “Lost from the City Church last Sunday evening, a black silk umbrella. The gentleman who finds it will receive ten shillings on leaving it at No. 10 Broad Street. ”

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The merchant then took a slip of paper out of his pocket and wrote: “If the man who was seen to take an umbrella from the City Church last Sunday evening doesn't wish to get into trouble, he will return the umbrella to No. 10 Broad Street. He is well known. ”

This appeared in the paper, and on the following morning, the man was astonished when he opened the front door. In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colours that had been thrown, and his own was among them. Many of them had notes fastened to them saying that they had been taken by mistake, and begging the loser not to say anything about the matter.

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A. the umbrella was found somewhere near the church

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A. wanted to buy him a new umbrella

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D. was quite sure of success

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B. how to make an effective advertisement

C. what the merchant did for the umbrella owner

D. how the man lost and found his umbrella

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Though the number of Japanese army was _____ that of our Eighth Route Army, they lost the battle in that mountainous village．

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When I was a child, I often dreamed of the time when I could leave home and escape to the city. We lived on a farm and, in the winter especially, we were quite cut off from the outside world. As soon as I left school, I packed my bags and moved to the capital. However, I soon discovered that city life has its problems too.

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Of course there are advantages. First, there is so much to do in the city, whatever your tastes in culture or entertainment. Besides, there are wonderful jobs and greater chances of moving to a more important job or position. Finally, if you like shopping, the variety of goods is very surprising---and, what is more, shops are often only a short walk away.

Is life better then, in the city? Perhaps it is, when you are in your teens(十幾歲) or twenties. However, as you get older, and especially if you have small children, the peace of the countryside may seem preferable. I certainly hope to move back there soon.

1.What was the writer always thinking about when he was a child?

A. Staying on the farm

B. Moving to the countryside

C. Leaving home for the city

D. Running away from the school

2.Which of the following is true about the writer?

A. He is very old now.

B. He is in good health.

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D. He lives in the city now.

3.In the passage, the writer tries to _______.

A. express his opinions about way of life

B. describe his life in the countryside

C. show an interest in the outside world

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4.How is the passage mainly developed?

A. By inferring

B. By comparing

C. By listing examples

D. By giving explanations

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NEMS

NEWRI Environmental Master of Science

NEWRI: Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute

Be a leader in environmental science and engineering through the NEMS programme

NEWRI Environmental Master of Science（NEMS） is a primary graduate education and research programme conducted by Nanyang Technological University’s （NTU’s） NEWRI, with summer attachment at Stanford University. It aims to train engineers and scientists to meet the increasing environmental challenges for Asia and the wider region.

NEWRI-Nanyang Environment &

Water Research Institute

NEWRI is enabling Singapore to be a global center of environmental science and technology in providing technological solutions to the world.

It is committed to environmental and water technologies through its ecosystem of education, research and developmental activities.

NEWRI is trying its best to pull together NTU’s water and environment-related centers and institutes, gathering one another’s strengths for the benefit of industry and society.

Master of Science Applications

●Applications open now and close on 30 May 2012 for Singapore applicants.

●Graduates having relevant engineering or science background, including final-year students, are invited to apply.

●Applicants are required to have a certificate of GRE.

Further information and application materials are available at the Website:

www.ntu.edu.sg/cee/program/postgrad.asp

Highlights of Programme:

★Students spend a full summer term at Stanford taking regular courses and continue with the rest of their academic programme at NTU.

★It is a 12-month full-time course in environmental science & engineering.

★Students under NEMS will have opportunities to do research projects under NEWRI as well as to continue for the Doctor’s degree.

★Graduating students receive the NTU degree and a certificate from Stanford for their summer attachment.

Scholarship for tuition grants and living expenses at both Stanford and NTU are available

Enquiry contact: Ms Christian Soh

Tel：（65） 6861 0507 Fax:（65） 68614606

Email: nems@ntu. edu. sg

Information on other graduate programmes available at：

www.ntu.edu.sg/cee/program/postgrad.asp

1.Students admitted to the NEMS Programme __________.

A. will first have regular courses at Stanford

B. needn’t be released from their regular jobs

C. are required to obtain a Doctor’s degree

D. can receive degrees of both NTU and Stanford

2.What’s the main purpose of the NEMS programme?

A. To offer scholarship for tuition grants and living expenses.

B. To strengthen the cooperation between NTU and Stanford.

C. To cultivate experts on environmental science and engineering.

D. To introduce Nanyang Environment&Water Research Institute.

3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. 30 May 2012 is the deadline for NEMS application.

B. Applicants for NEMS should have relevant work experience.

C. Other centers and institutes for environmental and water technologies also exist in NTU.

D. Singapore is the global center of environmental science and technology.

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College students constantly hear the praises of education．We have all become used to believing that a college education is always a guarantee of an easier life．I was nine years old when my fourth-grade teacher presented me with a task, to write down all of the things I wanted in my life．I filled my paper with things like: own a big house and have servants; be rich and have a good job．The next day my teacher handed back my paper and in red ink she wrote: " GO TO COLLEGE．" For a long time, I was convinced that once I obtained an education, BAM! Life would be easier．

However, education cannot promise all wishes, dreams, and desires．Society must reject the foolish idea that a college education's main purpose is to satisfy our desires and secure success．Like most challenging things, education is a gamble （賭博） in which results depend entirely on people's ability to look past their wants to see the realism and reason behind their wants．

For instance, my first year of college, I took a sociology class．In class, we were taught that Third World countries were poor．We learned that our quality of life would be almost impossible for an average person in those countries．I began to examine my own desire to be rich．To always go after money felt selfish when knowing others had none at all．Learning about other society's financial situations forced me to look beyond what I wanted．

Through the process of education, everything once desired is tested．Wanting something no longer is enough; it's more important to examine why we want it and whether we really want it．When my desire for money changed, everything changed．I stopped longing for money-driven careers and stopped valuing the people who had them．I began to examine the things I purchased and my reason for wanting them．

Education is a tool to be used to develop and advance our desires, so we can discover the things that are truly significant in life．Education is a source to expand our society to see beyond the superficial （表面的） appeals and the "quick fixes" , leaving the belief of an effortless life behind in order to desire a meaningful one．

1.The author's fourth-grade teacher probably agreed that ______．

A．the author was an ambitious student

B．the author should set more realistic goals

C．a(chǎn) college student would lead an easier life

D．a(chǎn) college degree was the key to the author's dreams

2.Why does the author mention her sociology class?

A．To share her learning experiences with readers．

B．To support her new understanding about education．

C．To express her sympathy for people in Third World．

D．To stress the importance of taking a sociology course．

3.With a college education, the author ______．

A．envied rich people

B．lost interest in career

C．desired more material things

D．stopped always seeking more wealth

4.What's the main idea of the passage?

A．College education promises an effortless life．

B．College education tests and guides our life desires．

C．College education offers solutions to social problems．

D．College education turns young people into gamblers．

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2016屆廣西武鳴縣高級(jí)中學(xué)高三9月月考英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Spending a term abroad can be one of the most thrilling experiences of your college career，but it’s challenging to adapt to a new culture，especially when you don’t speak the native language. The following are top tips of the experts on improving your time abroad.

Set specific goals.

“Set goals for yourself when going abroad so that you can bring experiences back home with you，”says Harrison，the Outreach Manager of Go Abroad. “Whether you want to learn to cook a traditional recipe from your host family or pack for the long-term，these lessons of daily life can translate back home. How you choose to learn from your experiences，or even apply them as transferable job skills，will make all the difference.”

____________________

“Make at least one local friend，”says Matthew，co-founder of Students Gone Global. “Join a club，community service group，or a sports league — it will help you form a network and find people you click with. Go out of your way to talk to students in your classes.”

Sign up for classes that allow you to explore.

“Take classes that are interesting and related to the local culture.” says Matthew. “I highly recommend classes with field trips because your professor can show you a side of the country you never would have seen on your own.”

If you’re staying with a host family, do get to know them.

“When living with a host family, be mindful of their lifestyle and try your best to adapt to it，”says Lauren，a member of Go Abroad ’s Content ＆ Outreach Team, “Have a conversation about rules and customs right away to be sure you know what your host family expects of you. Join yourself in their way of life — try every meal that is offered to you at least once，and ask them to teach you how to play their favorite sport or game.”

1.Harrison advises overseas students to set specific goals to ______________.

A. bring experiences back home

B.1earn to cook a traditional recipe.

C. gain some job skills.

D. get along well with the host family

2.What may be the second tip given by experts?

A. Join a club.

B. Join a sports league.

C. Befriend the locals.

D. Talk to your classmates.

3.Which of the following is stressed by Lauren?

A. Showing respect to your host family.

B. Trying to know your host family.

C. Paying attention to table manners.

D. Being mindful when talking with your host family.

4.What’s the purpose of the writer writing this text?

A. To introduce some culture differences.

B. To advertise for some foreign universities.

C. To recommend some lessons to students.

D. To give some advice to overseas students.

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