For all dinner tables, a glass of milk seems to be a must. At least it was when I was growing up. It is widely believed that milk is a must in building strong bones and teeth. There’s no doubt that dairy products, especially milk, are high in protein and calcium, and Vitamin D and Vitamin A are added to most milk products.
While it’s well known that our bones need calcium, some studies suggest that high calcium intake doesn’t necessarily lower a person’s risk for fractures（骨折）. A Harvard study found that people who drank two or more glasses of milk had no greater protection from breaking a bone than those who drank a glass or less a week.
There is no doubt that we need calcium. Some anti-dairy supporters claim dairy products can lead to heart disease. Much of this claim is based on high-fat dairy products, like cheese and cream, which may indeed lead to some health problems. Some studies have linked high milk intakes with a risk of prostate cancer; this seems also to be caused by high-fat dairy products, but not by dairy products in general.
Although milk has always been regarded as the most important thing we need for our bones, one of the most important things in strengthening bones and reducing the risk of osteoporosis（骨質(zhì)疏松）is weight-bearing exercise, such as jogging, walking, and weight lifting.
Perhaps we should think of dairy products as less like a nutrient and more like a food. If you like it, eat it. If not, find something else to eat. Some claims may not be completely true. When I eat cream, I’m not thinking about calcium, protein, or any such thing. I’m thinking it is delicious.
小題1:What is the best title for this passage?
A．Milk: is it really necessary for children?B．The disadvantages of drinking milk.
C．Milk causes health problems.D．Milk: is it really good for the body?
小題2:For people who want to reduce the risk of osteoporosis, we can infer that the writer may suggest that they ________.
A．a(chǎn)void milk with Vitamin D and Vitamin A added
B．spend some time exercising
C．take in as much calcium as possible
D．drink more than two glasses of milk every day
小題3:Based on the passage, we learn the writer may agree that ________.
A．milk is the most important thing that we need for our bones
B．children should not be permitted to eat cream
C．milk should be considered more like a food than a nutrient
D．children should drink milk whether they like it or not
小題4:What can we learn from the passage?
A．Some dairy products may harm our health.
B．Milk has the highest level of protein of any food.
C．The writer seldom drank milk when he was young
D．People who drink milk every day are at a high risk of getting a heart disease.

小題1:D
小題2:B
小題3:C
小題4:A

試題分析：本文論述了對于喝奶制品是對身體有益還是有害，做了闡述，大多數(shù)認為每天喝上一杯奶是有益于身體健康的，能夠增強人的骨骼的增長，避免得骨質(zhì)酥松。但是還有一些人反對喝奶制品，他們認為可能會導(dǎo)致得心臟病。最后作者指出自己的觀點：不去考慮奶制品到底有益還是有害，只要是可口的，你就去喝。
小題1:這是標(biāo)題歸納題。因為短文論述了正反兩種看法，牛奶對身體是有益還是有害，故選D。
小題2:這是推理理解題。根據(jù)reducing the risk of osteoporosis（骨質(zhì)疏松）is weight-bearing exercise, such as jogging, walking, and weight lifting.故選B。
小題3:這是細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Perhaps we should think of dairy products as less like a nutrient and more like a food.故選C。
小題4:這是細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Much of this claim is based on high-fat dairy products, like cheese and cream, which may indeed lead to some health problems. Some studies have linked high milk intakes with a risk of prostate cancer; this seems also to be caused by high-fat dairy products, but not by dairy products in general.故選A.
點評：推理判斷就是根據(jù)作者的意圖和傾向來完成相關(guān)的問題。 根據(jù)你對文章的理解，來判斷各個選項的正誤。最重要的就是讀懂句子的意思，找出文章的中心，這種閱讀是深層閱讀，但是你最重要的就是找出文章的中心意思，抓住主要句子和相關(guān)句子的意思就可以解決了，要注意題目中的一些關(guān)鍵詞和文章中的句子的對比，尤其是一些轉(zhuǎn)折詞、連詞等等。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Do your children always sit still and watch TV? If so, you should be very alert!
Nowadays, children watch television for long hours. They often spend evenings watching their favorite programs on TV. Sometimes they might stay up late to watch TV. Their addiction to television results in their not having time to play or do exercise. They should go outside with friends or spend time reading books. Moreover, watching television too much is harmful to their eyesight.
Researchers claim that attention deficit disorders in children are a result of watching too much television. They say that watching television leads to a developmental disorder in the part of the brain which is responsible for language skills. Children who watch television more and read less have greater difficulty paying attention and concentrating. Children that spend long hours watching television are more likely to be affected by attention deficit disorders.
Television is one form of media which is used to show all kinds of products. Watching too much television can lead to early exposure to a wide variety of things. Television advertisements may cause children to behave incorrectly or damage themselves. Advertisements about fast food, cold drinks or other such products that are not good for children’s health can have a bad effect on them. Some TV shows and films also affect how children think and behave.
Studies in psychology have shown that certain programs can have a long-lasting effect on children’s minds. Horror scenes and other frightening shows can have a negative effect on the minds of children watching them.
Television is a means of recreation but watching it too often is harmful to children’s physical and mental health. You need to help you children deep a balance of everything in life.
小題1:The underlined word “deficit ” in the third paragraph most probably means _____.
A．need B．habitC．fearD．lack
小題2:It’s implied in the last paragraph that you should ______.
A．decide on when children can watch television
B．give children more time to play
C．help you children balance everyday life
D．stop you children from watching TV
小題3:What is the passage mainly about?
A．The bad effects watching TV has on children.
B．How many hours children should spend watching TV.
C．How advertisements affect children’s behavior.
D．What scenes children should not watch on TV.
小題4:Which of the following are the effects of watching too much TV according to the passage?
a. causing children to have less time to read good books.
b. making children behave improperly
c. harming children’s eyesight
d. affecting the parent-child relationship
A．a(chǎn), b, dB．b, c, dC．a(chǎn), b, cD．a(chǎn), c, d

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The US government has started a website, Admongo, to help children think critically about the advertising aimed at them. It claims to provide visitors with an “education” through games and other amusement.
A cartoon man dressed in old time pilot clothing greets visitors to Admongo. “Call me Haiz”, he says upon arrival in a rocket ship that opens up with a crazy world inside it. Spacey dance music plays in the background as Haiz tells visitors that they need to learn about advertising.
Its inventors say eight to twelve years old is the age kids develop their critical thinking abilities. Kids that age are also a big market for advertisers.
The idea behind Admongo is to teach children three things: To identify the advertiser. To know what the advertiser is really saying. And to know what the advertisement is trying to get the child to do.
Children learn these things through a video game. They create their own game character. They can choose different skin colors, hair styles, eye and mouth shapes. Then they begin a trip through ad-land, where there are ads on buses and billboards. The players have to find all the marketing in the neighborhood before they can move on to the next level.
The Admongo game takes players inside a home, to the advertising studio and everywhere else ads can be found. It is a complete exploration of the world of marketing.
One such area is food marketing. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) says it is a big business. The FTC estimates that food, drink and fast-food restaurants spent more than one and a half billion dollars on advertising to young people in 2010.
The FTC says children are important for three reasons. They buy products. They influence parents and caregivers to buy. And they are the future adult buyers of the products.
A recent study says most advertising aimed at children is for foods of the lowest nutritional value. First Lady Michelle Obama has said she would like to see advertisers marketing healthy foods for children.
小題1:What is the best title of the text?
A．The guide of Admongo
B．An education website for children
C．A popular online video game
D．A website aimed at children
小題2:Why did the government start the website?
A．To attract the biggest market of buyers.
B．To sell the products of its company.
C．To help children know about advertising.
D．To advertise the video game for children.
小題3:The underlined word “identify” can be replaced by _________.
A．recognize B．inform C．persuade D．forbid
小題4:What can players do in the website game?
A．Choose hair styles for their character.
B．Travel to a supermarket.
C．Eat in a fast-food restaurant.
D．Play video games during the trip.
小題5:Children are important for advertising because they are _________.
A．important for the societyB．the most potential buyers
C．easily influenced by adsD．easily affected by poor products

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Many language learners think their pronunciation is good enough because their teacher doesn’t correct them too often or because other students can 36 them.
Pronunciation is the area which is 37 the least attention to in language learning. Most teachers 38 just let their students speak. The teachers stop them 39 the students say something completely wrong. Working on each student’s pronunciation in class is just 40. Also, the students who are 41 at pronunciation may be afraid that it will embarrass their classmates if they help 42 their mistakes.
Although you believe your pronunciation is good enough to 43, you may be 44 when you actually go to a foreign country. One of my friends was the best student in his 45 class in Poland. However, when he went to America, he found Americans didn’t understand 46 of what he said.
Your pronunciation may still be quite 47 that of a native speaker. If this is the 48, other people will find it 49 to understand what you’re saying and will not be comfortable with you.
50, don’t think you can communicate in a foreign language 51 you’ve tested your skills on real native speakers. 52 for native or near­native pronunciation so that people you talk to can communicate with you 53. In order to achieve this goal, there’s no 54 that you will need to start thinking about pronunciation and 55 time on it.
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A．mistakeB．watchC．surroundD．understand
小題2:
A．madeB．foundC．paidD．called
小題3:
A．neverB．everC．evenD．usually
小題4:
A．only ifB．a(chǎn)s ifC．even ifD．so that
小題5:
A．fantasticB．impossibleC．necessaryD．important
小題6:
A．poorB．wellC．goodD．strict
小題7:
A．put outB．work outC．try outD．point out
小題8:
A．communicateB．travelC．pronounceD．exchange
小題9:
A．happyB．sadC．surprisedD．excited
小題10:
A．PolishB．FrenchC．GermanD．English
小題11:
A．noneB．halfC．restD．lot
小題12:
A．near toB．near fromC．far fromD．next to
小題13:
A．sameB．matterC．caseD．fact
小題14:
A．easyB．beneficialC．convenientD．hard
小題15:
A．In conclusionB．In other wordsC．In totalD．On the contrary
小題16:
A．whenB．untilC．a(chǎn)fterD．while
小題17:
A．StandB．LookC．AimD．Search
小題18:
A．smoothlyB．difficultlyC．trulyD．practically
小題19:
A．wayB．needC．doubtD．wonder
小題20:
A．takeB．costC．spendD．kill

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

You are careful with your money: you collect all kinds of coupons; look for group-buy deals if you eat out; you don't buy clothes unless in a sale. Does all this make you a wise consumer?
Let's do the math first: you walk into a coffee shop and see two deals for a cup of coffee. The first deal offers 33 percent extra coffee. The second takes 33 percent off the  regular price. What's the better deal? Well, they are about the same, you'd think. And you'd be wrong. The deals appear to be equal, but in fact, they are different. Here's the math: Let's say the standard coffee is 10 yuan and let's divide the amount of coffee into three portions(部分). That makes about 3.3 yuan per portion, The first deal gets you 4 portions for 10 yuan (2.5 yuan per portion) and the second gets you 3 portions of coffee for 6.6 yuan (2.2 yuan per portion) and is therefore a better deal.
In a new study published by the Journal of Marketing, participants were asked the same question, and most of them chose the first deal, the Atlantic website reported. Why? Because getting something extra for free feels better than getting the same for less. The applications of this view into consumer psychology(心理) are huge. Instead of offering direct discounts, shops offer larger sizes or free samples.
According to the study, the reason why these marketing tricks work is that consumers don't really know how much anything should cost, so we rely on parts of our brains that  aren't strictly quantitative.
There are some traps we should be aware of when shopping. First of all, we are heavily influenced by the first number. Suppose you are shopping in Hong Kong. You walk into Hermes, and you see a 100,000 yuan bag. "That's crazy." You shake your head and leave. The next shop is Gucci, a handbag here costs 25,000 yuan. The price is still high, but compared to the 100,000 yuan price tag you just committed to your memory, this is a steal. Stores often use the price difference to set consumers' expectation.
Another trap we often fall to Is that we are not really sure what things are worth. And so we use clues(暗示) to tell us what we ought to pay for them. US economist Dan Ariely has done an experiment to prove this. According to the Atlantic, Ariely pretended he was giving a lecture on poetry. He told one group of students that the tickets cost money and another group that they would be paid to attend. Then he informed both groups that thelecture was free. The first group was anxious to attend, believing they were getting something of value for free. The second group mostly declined, believing they were being forced to volunteer for the same event without reward.
What's a lecture on poetry by an economist worth? The students had no idea. That's  the point. Do we really know what a shirt is worth ? What about a cup of coffee? What's the worth of a life insurance.policy? Who knows? Most of us don't. As a result, our shopping  brain uses only what is knowable:  visual(祝覺的) clues, invited emotions, comparisons, and  a sense of bargain. We are not stupid. We are just easily influenced.
小題1:The first paragraph of the passage is intended to      
A．a(chǎn)sk a questionB．introduce a topic
C．give some examplesD．describe a phenomenon
小題2:The writer takes the math for example in Paragraph 2 to show      .          _.
A．consumers usually fall into marketing traps
B．consumers' expectation is difficult to predict
C．consumers' purchasing power is always changing
D．consumers rely on their own judgment when shopping
小題3:What consumer psychology is mentioned in the passage?
A．The first number has little influence on which item should be bought.
B．Consumers never use visual clues to decide how much should be paid.
C．Getting something extra for free is better than getting the same for less.
D．Consumers never rely on parts of the brains that aren't strictly quantitative.
小題4:According to the passage, shops use the following tricks to make more profits EXCEPT         .  
A．showing price differencesB．offering larger sizes
C．providing free samplesD．giving direct discounts
小題5:What can we know from US economist Dan Ariely's experiment?
A．Ariely's free lecture enjoyed popularity among students.
B．The students actually didn't know what the lecture was worth.
C．The second group was willing to be volunteers without reward.
D．The first group was eager to find out the value of Ariely's lecture.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

While success is surely sweeter than failure, it seems failure is a far better teacher, and organizations that fail miserably often flourish (繁榮) more in the long run, according to a new study by Vinit Desai, assistant professor of management at the University of Colorado Denver Business School. Researchers have found that people missing their goals perform much better in the long run. That is because they gain more knowledge from their failures than their successes and the lessons are more likely to stay longer in their minds.
“We found that the knowledge gained from success was often fleeting while knowledge from failure stuck around for years,” said professor Desai, who led the study. “But companies often ignore failure. Managers may fire people or turn over the whole workforce while they should treat the failure as a learning opportunity.”
Prof Desai compared the flights of the space shuttle Atlantis and the Challenger. During the Atlantis flight last year, a piece of insulation (絕緣體) broke off and damaged the left solid rocket booster (助推火箭) but didn’t influence the program. There was little investigation. The Challenger was launched next and another piece of insulation broke off. This time the shuttle and its seven–person crew were destroyed. The disaster led to a major investigation resulting in 29 changes to prevent future disasters.
The difference in response in the two cases came down to this: Atlantis was considered a success and the Challenger a failure.
“Despite crowded skies, airlines are extremely reliable,” he said. “The number of failures is extremely small. And past researches have shown that older airlines, those with more experience in failure, have a lower number of accidents.”
Prof Desai doesn’t recommend finding out failure in order to learn. Instead, he advises organizations to analyze small failures to collect useful information rather than wait for major failures.
小題1: Why did experts pay little attention to the problem of Atlantis?
A．Because it worked perfectly.
B．Because the right booster was still OK.
C．Because nothing serious happened then.
D．Because fewer people died in the flight.
小題2:Fewer accidents happen to older airlines in that ________.
A．their planes couldn’t fly high in the sky
B．they gained much from experience in failure
C．their planes were often checked by the experts
D．they were unpopular among passengers
小題3:The passage is written mainly to ________.
A．show failure is a better teacher than success
B．explain why Challenger failed
C．introduce something about Prof Desai
D．tell managers how to achieve success
小題4: Which writing strategy is NOT used in developing the passage?
A．Giving definitions.
B．Making comparisons.
C．Analyzing causes.
D．Providing different examples.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Why is a full moon, yellower and bigger when it is coming up than when it is higher in the sky?

That's a good question about something that we all can see. Let's talk about the moon's color first.
We see the moon only because of the sunlight that falls on it and is reflected. Actually, the moon is not a very good reflector, because its surface is all rocks and dirt. We see it in almost its true color when it is high in the sky.
When the moon first comes up, its light reaches our eyes after an extra-long path through the atmosphere (大氣). There are lots of particles (微粒) scattering (分散) light in that long path. Blue light is scattered more than other colors, which means that it doesn't reach your eyes. The light that is left over looks yellow to your eye.
Now about the other question—why the moon seems to change in size. That's more complicated. It's not an effect of the atmosphere, the way color is; it's not caused by something fooling your eyes. It seems, instead, to be caused by something that fools your brain—an illusion(錯覺).
Here's a drawing that creates an illusion. The two cones(圓錐體) are really the same size. But the rest of the drawing makes the right-hand cone seem farther away. Your brain knows that faraway objects are really larger than they look. It decides that the right-hand cone must be larger because it seems to be farther away.
Similarly, when you see the moon just come up over a line of trees or houses—or whatever makes the horizon(地平線)—it may be that your brain decides that the moon must be larger because it seems to be farther away.
小題1:The moon doesn't reflect the sunlight very well because________________.
A．it is high in the skyB．its surface is rough
C．its surface is whiteD．it isn't a good reflector
小題2:Which statement is true according to the passage?
A．In the course of its rising, the moon is getting smaller and smaller
B．The size of the moon is more complicated than its color
C．The atmosphere has the same effect on the moon's size as on its color
D．The change in the moon's size is caused by an illusion while that in its color is caused by the atmosphere
小題3:After reading this passage, you can possibly answer one of the following questions. Which one? ______.
A．Why is the sun bigger when it rises over the horizon?
B．Why does the sun look bigger when it rises over the horizon?
C．Why does the sun look golden?
D．Why does the sun rise in the east?
小題4:Who do you think probably wrote this passage?________.
A．A novelistB．A reporter
C．A science editorD．An English teacher．

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

“In wilderness(荒野) is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.  
As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation(開發(fā)) brings to such landscapes(景觀) is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities. To Mr. Sauven, these “ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploitation.
Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the opposing view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival. While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no further reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.
I look forward to seeing these views taken further, and to their being challenged by the other participants. One challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.
This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.
小題1:John Sauven holds that________________.
A．many people value nature too much
B．exploitation of wildernesses is harmful
C．wildernesses provide humans with necessities
D．the urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong
小題2:What is the main idea of Para. 3?
A．The exploitation is necessary for the poor people.
B．Wildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.
C．Useful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.
D．All the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.
小題3:What is the author’s attitude towards this debate?
A．Objective.B．Disapproving.C．Sceptical.D．Optimistic.
小題4:Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
A．B．C．D．
CP: Central Point   P: Point       Sp: Sub-point(次要點)    C: Conclusion

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空


Water costs money．In some places water is hard  31 ．What 32 when a town has these problems？A small town in California found a happy 33 ．
Very 34 rain ever fell there．The town had no water35 ．The water it used was 36  from a river 300 miles away．As more people  37  live in the town  38  water was needed．Now water  39  to be brought in from 600 miles away．All these cost  40 money．
The town 41 a plan．It found 42   to clean its “dirty” water．Once the cleaned water was reused  43  many ways．Five  44  lakes were built．Here people could swim and fish and go  45 ．They  46  have picnics in their new parks．Farmers had more water 47  their crops．New factories can be built，now that they have the promise of  48 ．
In most places，water is used and thrown 49．The town that saved 50 water has saved the town！
小題1:    
A．supplyingB．gettingC．to getD．to supply
小題2:    A．happens     B．happening    C is happened     D．happened
小題3:    A．key         B．a(chǎn)nswer       C answering    D．way
小題4:    
A．littleB．a(chǎn) littleC．fewD．a(chǎn) few
小題5:    A．of itself   B．of its own  C．for its own    D for itself
小題6:    
A．fetchB．takeC．brought inD．guided
小題7:    
A．come toB．came toC．coming toD．came for
小題8:    
A．manyB．plenty ofC．more D．many more
小題9:    
A．has B．hadC．must D．needed
小題10:  
A．manyB．a(chǎn) fewC．a(chǎn) great manyD．a(chǎn) lot of
小題11:  
A．put B．made C．supplyD．noticed
小題12:  
A．a(chǎn) wayB．waysC．a(chǎn)n answerD．a(chǎn) key
小題13:  
A．forB．byC．a(chǎn)tD．in
小題14:  
A．man-makingB．man-makeC．man-madeD．man made
小題15:  
A．boatingB．to boat C．to boatingD．on boating
小題16:  
A．must B．couldC．neededD．had to
小題17:  
A．a(chǎn)sB．withC．forD．to
小題18:  
A．water enough B．enough waterC．crops enough D．enough crops
小題19:  
A．offB．ofC．a(chǎn)wayD．out of
小題20:  
A．it’sB．itsC．one’sD．his

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