You are careful with your money: you collect all kinds of coupons; look for group-buy deals if you eat out; you don't buy clothes unless in a sale. Does all this make you a wise consumer?
Let's do the math first: you walk into a coffee shop and see two deals for a cup of coffee. The first deal offers 33 percent extra coffee. The second takes 33 percent off the  regular price. What's the better deal? Well, they are about the same, you'd think. And you'd be wrong. The deals appear to be equal, but in fact, they are different. Here's the math: Let's say the standard coffee is 10 yuan and let's divide the amount of coffee into three portions(部分). That makes about 3.3 yuan per portion, The first deal gets you 4 portions for 10 yuan (2.5 yuan per portion) and the second gets you 3 portions of coffee for 6.6 yuan (2.2 yuan per portion) and is therefore a better deal.
In a new study published by the Journal of Marketing, participants were asked the same question, and most of them chose the first deal, the Atlantic website reported. Why? Because getting something extra for free feels better than getting the same for less. The applications of this view into consumer psychology(心理) are huge. Instead of offering direct discounts, shops offer larger sizes or free samples.
According to the study, the reason why these marketing tricks work is that consumers don't really know how much anything should cost, so we rely on parts of our brains that  aren't strictly quantitative.
There are some traps we should be aware of when shopping. First of all, we are heavily influenced by the first number. Suppose you are shopping in Hong Kong. You walk into Hermes, and you see a 100,000 yuan bag. "That's crazy." You shake your head and leave. The next shop is Gucci, a handbag here costs 25,000 yuan. The price is still high, but compared to the 100,000 yuan price tag you just committed to your memory, this is a steal. Stores often use the price difference to set consumers' expectation.
Another trap we often fall to Is that we are not really sure what things are worth. And so we use clues(暗示) to tell us what we ought to pay for them. US economist Dan Ariely has done an experiment to prove this. According to the Atlantic, Ariely pretended he was giving a lecture on poetry. He told one group of students that the tickets cost money and another group that they would be paid to attend. Then he informed both groups that thelecture was free. The first group was anxious to attend, believing they were getting something of value for free. The second group mostly declined, believing they were being forced to volunteer for the same event without reward.
What's a lecture on poetry by an economist worth? The students had no idea. That's  the point. Do we really know what a shirt is worth ? What about a cup of coffee? What's the worth of a life insurance.policy? Who knows? Most of us don't. As a result, our shopping  brain uses only what is knowable:  visual(祝覺的) clues, invited emotions, comparisons, and  a sense of bargain. We are not stupid. We are just easily influenced.
小題1:The first paragraph of the passage is intended to      
A．a(chǎn)sk a questionB．introduce a topic
C．give some examplesD．describe a phenomenon
小題2:The writer takes the math for example in Paragraph 2 to show      .          _.
A．consumers usually fall into marketing traps
B．consumers' expectation is difficult to predict
C．consumers' purchasing power is always changing
D．consumers rely on their own judgment when shopping
小題3:What consumer psychology is mentioned in the passage?
A．The first number has little influence on which item should be bought.
B．Consumers never use visual clues to decide how much should be paid.
C．Getting something extra for free is better than getting the same for less.
D．Consumers never rely on parts of the brains that aren't strictly quantitative.
小題4:According to the passage, shops use the following tricks to make more profits EXCEPT         .  
A．showing price differencesB．offering larger sizes
C．providing free samplesD．giving direct discounts
小題5:What can we know from US economist Dan Ariely's experiment?
A．Ariely's free lecture enjoyed popularity among students.
B．The students actually didn't know what the lecture was worth.
C．The second group was willing to be volunteers without reward.
D．The first group was eager to find out the value of Ariely's lecture.

小題1:B
小題2:A
小題3:C
小題4:D
小題5:B

試題分析：
小題1:B 推理題。本文第一段的目的就是為了引出所要談?wù)摰倪@個(gè)話題，怎么樣才是一個(gè)明智的消費(fèi)者？第一段的作用是引起下文，故B正確。
小題2:A 推理題。第二段距了這樣的一個(gè)例子是為了說明很多的消費(fèi)者在購物的時(shí)候都沒有算清楚真正的那種方法更合理，容易犯錯(cuò)。故A正確。
小題3:C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段3,4行Why? Because getting something extra for free feels better than getting the same for less.說明C的說法正確。
小題4:D 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章列舉的多個(gè)例子可知商家給出了多種打折的方法，但是就是沒有給出直接的折扣，使用了一些其它的方法如數(shù)學(xué)方面來讓人很困惑，就是沒有給出直接的折扣。故D的說法正確。
小題5:B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段1,2行What's a lecture on poetry by an economist worth? The students had no idea. That's  the point.說明B正確。學(xué)生并不清楚這個(gè)演講的真正價(jià)值。
點(diǎn)評：本文講述了在商家打折的時(shí)候所運(yùn)用的多種方法，最終的目的是讓消費(fèi)者不能理性消費(fèi)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)他們盈利的目的�？疾榱送评眍}和細(xì)節(jié)題為主，要求考生能根據(jù)文章中的細(xì)節(jié)和上下文的信息在根據(jù)題目中的隱含信息作出準(zhǔn)確的判斷推理。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Tuesday the twelfth was my birthday. I  16 a day of cake and presents  17__     it turned into a day of mystery(神秘). Someone sent a bottle with a letter and a treasure map   18 . It said there was a treasure of over 20 million dollars. I didn’t know if it was a trick(惡作劇) or if I should   19  it. If it was   20  , it would be the best present I had ever got. I decided to  21 . Two of my friends came and we rented a truck.   22 , I thought about turning back twice during this trip, but I didn’t think it was a 23 decision for me to make. I   24 to give this trip twice the effort(努力) I had been putting in. This would take all my trust in order for me to find the  25  .
“The map says you have to turn when you see a large stone with a red circle,” said one of them.
“What do we do after the turn?” I asked   26 .
“It says we should see a tree. We are   27  to turn 20 meters north of it and dig.　
We got there and dug. We had   28  at first digging but we got better and worked very   29 . My trousers were dirty but I kept digging   30  I hit something. It was a large metal box. We   31  the lock and looked inside. There was a letter. It read:
　　“The lesson you have learned will be very   32  . If you put as much   33 in anything you do as you did in finding the   34  , you will have found the key to making over 20 million dollars.”
　　This was a trick from my parents. I thought I would never forget this   35    birthday present.
小題1:
A．expectedB．a(chǎn)cceptedC．passedD．planned
小題2:
A．orB．butC．a(chǎn)ndD．so
小題3:
A．a(chǎn)boveB．a(chǎn)wayC．insideD．nearby
小題4:
A．trustB．forgetC．refuseD．share
小題5:
A．commonB．easyC．interestingD．real
小題6:
A．chooseB．tryC．a(chǎn)skD．think
小題7:
A．LuckilyB．FinallyC．ProbablyD．Actually
小題8:
A．wiseB．bigC．differentD．quick
小題9:
A．hatedB．failedC．neededD．remembered
小題10:
A．pleasureB．truthC．helpD．a(chǎn)im
小題11:
A．gratefullyB．sadlyC．a(chǎn)ngrilyD．seriously
小題12:
A．a(chǎn)llowedB．requiredC．forcedD．encouraged
小題13:
A．trainingB．experienceC．troubleD．fun
小題14:
A．quicklyB．badlyC．tiredlyD．carefully
小題15:
A．sinceB．ifC．becauseD．until
小題16:
A．repairedB．openedC．changedD．cleaned
小題17:
A．valuableB．necessaryC．satisfyingD．painful
小題18:
A．timeB．moneyC．healthD．energy
小題19:
A．bottleB．mapC．letterD．tree
小題20:
A．prettyB．perfectC．specialD．expensive

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In June 2008,Benita Grist was driving in her hometown of Mississauga as a passenger in the car ahead threw a paper cup out of the window.When Grist horned to express her displeasure, the passenger responded by throwing out a bag.
Instead of annoyed, she decided to do something about it.She organized a one woman litter?awareness campaign.She started small,chatting with her neighbors about litter—and asking them to be more conscious of any tendencies they might have to litter.Soon,she noticed local families, kids and all—picking up litter around their homes.”I thought,that’s all it took—for me to open my mouth?” she says.”So I decided to knock on more doors.”
And she didn’t stop there.She approached people on the street,in malls,even in the waiting room before getting an X ray. Grist often started her appeal with something such as,”I hope you don’t think I’m crazy,but...” Yet she was buoyed by the positive response—so much so that in August 2008, she began to contact officials in various levels of government, companies and other institutions in an effort to reach a wider audience.
Through a local Mac’s Convenience Store,Grist managed to contact the company that produces content displayed on their in store monitors.That led to a public service announcement about litter that ran in almost 600 Mac’s stores in Ontario from November 2008 to June 2009. Grist continues to explore every opportunity she has to get the message out.Her grassroots campaign may be different,but she has begun to open people’s eyes about the problem of litter.And thanks to her efforts,in Mississauga,at least,they have begun to do just that.
小題1:How did Benita Grist start her campaign?
A．She chatted with her neighbors.B．She quarreled with a stranger.
C．She went door to door,talking. D．She talked to patients in hospital.
小題2:The underlined word “buoyed” in Paragraph 4 probably means “-------”.
A．inspiredB．discouraged C．confusedD．disturbed
小題3:What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．Introduction to a one woman litter awareness campaign.
B．How Benita Started the one woman litter awareness campaign.
C．Why Benita Started the one woman litter awareness campaign.
D．Benita and the one woman litter awareness campaign.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

How would you like to learn more without having to study more？Here’s how：
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2．Feed your head.The brain runs badly if it doesn’t get enough fuel.That means protein(蛋白質(zhì))and complex carbs (復(fù)合碳水化合物)－eggs and wheat bread for breakfast，say，rather than sugary cereal(含糖的麥片粥)and orange juice.The biggest mistake teens make is not to have breakfast or to go for sugar，which raises blood sugar levels.
3．Body exercise is brain exercise.Body exercise really improves brain performance，perhaps because it increases blood flow，or perhaps because it reduces stress and anxiety(焦慮).Twenty minutes of activity a day that raises your heart rate will do great good.
4．Learn now what you want to remember for the rest of your life.Teenage brains are much better at remembering things than the brains  of young children or adults.Scientists aren’t sure why.Whatever the reason，the teenage years are the time to learn new languages and master other lifelong skills.
5．Learn the power of risk taking.Adults are always worried about the downside of teenage risk?taking，and it’s true that teenagers are more likely than adults to get themselves in trouble by drinking and driving.But the fact that the parts of the brain that drive people to try new，risky，and exciting things appear to be more developed in teenagers can be a huge advantage.Pick certain challenges－difficult sports，a hard job，mastering a performance art，traveling overseas－and the teenage brain is able to deal with them.They have this power they’re given to go out and do it without fear.
6．Learn what you love.Because emotional(情感的)systems develop fast in teenager brains，teenagers learn things they’re interested in quickly and well.Their brains give them tools like attention on the project.
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A．wheat bread and eggsB．sugar and orange juice
C．sugar and breadD．wheat bread and orange juice
小題2:Body exercise plays a part in all the following EXCEPT　　　　.
A．making people less anxiousB．raising heart rate
C．reducing blood pressureD．reducing stress
小題3:The underlined word “downside” in the passage probably means　　　　.
A．excitementB．disadvantage
C．benefitD．power
小題4:It can be learned from the passage that　　　　.
A．teenagers learn quickly when they are fond of something
B．teenagers should be forbidden to drive
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One of the biggest challenges facing students and their families is what career they should enter and what is the best path for them to take.
I was talking to someone the other day who told me he first studied accounting because that was what everyone was studying several years ago. It was and some say still is a reliable career. However, then he told me that he was now studying financial investment because again--- that’s what everyone was studying now and it was needed if he wanted to get ahead in the company.
And I asked him what he was actually interested in and then— well the conversation kind of died. So I asked why he had bothered studying accounting in the first place and he explained that it was his parents’ idea. Finally I asked what his passion was and he wasn’t too sure because he never thought about it.
And so it is— lifelong learning— or the continual need to make ourselves marketable in a world that appears to be more competitive as time goes by. Is there a secret to help us so we can live a life of quality?
Regardless or not at this stage in world history with increasing connection between people,
ideas and markets — the ability to match the needs and desires of the day with your own skills and products is a tremendous and vigorous challenge.
Many have gone into English or foreign language study because it was encouraged at the time when China was entering the WTO. Or maybe they were interested in international affairs or working abroad. Upon graduation they then faced the reality that there was a limit to how many jobs they could apply for.
Perhaps some then studied further doing courses for work such as a tour guide or translator/ interpreter. Many may have decided that going into teaching was more rewarding or stable. Others would have gone into media or advertising or conference management and acquired new skills along the way.
This constant quest to remain ahead of the game makes many upset and exhausted. Some futurists who examine technology have even predicted that people should expect to change careers six or seven times during their lifetime!
So if you are concerned by the nature of change, why not start spending more time looking at the most modern leading economies, institutions and their publications. A whole lot of changes are starting to happen yet there is no reason why this cannot be enjoyable, exciting and also rewarding. Our attitude, approach and willingness to continually learn and update our skills must remain strong.
My tip is to track the work that our government is setting about to achieve. In particular, look at the people who have been chosen as the key support team and try to read behind the light surface news and look at their career development and examine the recent reports that they are now recommending the government move towards. Key industry development, new ways of dealing with information and new demands are creating opportunities for the students and workers of tomorrow — if we stay prepared.
小題1:Who is this article intended for?
A．Government administrators.
B．Students planning their careers.
C．Foreign language learners.
D．Professors designing courses.
小題2:The case of the student who first studied accounting and then financial investment shows ______.
A．many people decide their majors without knowing their own interest
B．parents’ decisions are always blind and will result in a life of low quality
C．a(chǎn)ccounting and financial investment are necessary to ensure a reliable career.
D．people never have a chance to think about their own interest in choosing career.
小題3:In the writer’s opinion, to make yourself competitive in the changing world today is _____.
A．exhaustingB．disappointingC．unbelievableD．necessary
小題4:According to the writer, lifetime learning can be exciting if ______.
A．we are prepared for the changes
B．we know who President has on his support team
C．we read the publications of advanced institutions
D．we learn English or some other foreign languages
小題5:Whoever has been chosen as the key support team of the government _______.
A．shows the government’s interest in new information
B．enables you to find out how hard-working these people are
C．indicates the direction the economy is developing
D．reveals the government encourages creative young people

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

For all dinner tables, a glass of milk seems to be a must. At least it was when I was growing up. It is widely believed that milk is a must in building strong bones and teeth. There’s no doubt that dairy products, especially milk, are high in protein and calcium, and Vitamin D and Vitamin A are added to most milk products.
While it’s well known that our bones need calcium, some studies suggest that high calcium intake doesn’t necessarily lower a person’s risk for fractures（骨折）. A Harvard study found that people who drank two or more glasses of milk had no greater protection from breaking a bone than those who drank a glass or less a week.
There is no doubt that we need calcium. Some anti-dairy supporters claim dairy products can lead to heart disease. Much of this claim is based on high-fat dairy products, like cheese and cream, which may indeed lead to some health problems. Some studies have linked high milk intakes with a risk of prostate cancer; this seems also to be caused by high-fat dairy products, but not by dairy products in general.
Although milk has always been regarded as the most important thing we need for our bones, one of the most important things in strengthening bones and reducing the risk of osteoporosis（骨質(zhì)疏松）is weight-bearing exercise, such as jogging, walking, and weight lifting.
Perhaps we should think of dairy products as less like a nutrient and more like a food. If you like it, eat it. If not, find something else to eat. Some claims may not be completely true. When I eat cream, I’m not thinking about calcium, protein, or any such thing. I’m thinking it is delicious.
小題1:What is the best title for this passage?
A．Milk: is it really necessary for children?B．The disadvantages of drinking milk.
C．Milk causes health problems.D．Milk: is it really good for the body?
小題2:For people who want to reduce the risk of osteoporosis, we can infer that the writer may suggest that they ________.
A．a(chǎn)void milk with Vitamin D and Vitamin A added
B．spend some time exercising
C．take in as much calcium as possible
D．drink more than two glasses of milk every day
小題3:Based on the passage, we learn the writer may agree that ________.
A．milk is the most important thing that we need for our bones
B．children should not be permitted to eat cream
C．milk should be considered more like a food than a nutrient
D．children should drink milk whether they like it or not
小題4:What can we learn from the passage?
A．Some dairy products may harm our health.
B．Milk has the highest level of protein of any food.
C．The writer seldom drank milk when he was young
D．People who drink milk every day are at a high risk of getting a heart disease.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀下面的短文，并根據(jù)短文后的要求答題。（請注意問題后的字?jǐn)?shù)要求）
[1] Learning to save money when you’re young is an important lesson. All good lessons and habits begin early, and saving is a skill that everyone needs. Many people---adults included-- do not have a good sense of saving for the long run.
[2] Make sure you save and don’t spend too much, which is a good way to build up wealth. I have put my earnings in a bank. Many teens I know spend all the money they earn so it never has a chance to grow. Young people should realize that their teenage years are a great time to begin saving.
[3] At high school many parents pay for almost everything, so your expenses can be small. If you have a lot , you should have fun with some of the money. But you should also save some so that it will grow. Then you can begin planning for your future.
[4] After high school, college is expensive and then “real” life begins, with expenses such as food and rent. You can hold on to a good percentage of the money you earn as a teen. The earlier      , the more time the money has to grow. If you are in your thirties without any savings, you will always have to struggle. The earlier you begin saving, the easier it is to create a nest egg.
[5]Later in life it can be hard to start saving because general costs of living are more expensive and you may only have enough to pay your bills. If you want to buy a house and have a family, you need money to start with, which comes from saving.
[6]Saving early will mean you will have to work for fewer years when you are older. It will also allow you to spend time doing the things that you want to do. In addition, it will mean you can live the way you want to without worrying.
小題1:What might be the purpose of the writer? (no more than10 words)
                                                                        
小題2:Please fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (no more than 5 words)
                                                                        
小題3:What is the main idea of Paragraph 3?(no more than 12 words)
                                                                        
小題4:List three benefits of saving early according to the text.( no more than 30 words)
①                                                                        
②                                                                        
③                                                                        
小題5:According to the passage, what do you think of saving?(no more than 20 words)
                                                                        
                                                                        

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Old Computers Make for Unhappy Workers --- Survey
LONDON  (Reuters) ----- Dealing with the dissatisfaction of aging and unreliable office computers leads to workers' unhappiness and more sick leave, a survey showed on Wednesday.
A survey carried out by caro4free.net of over 2,700 European office workers from the UK, France and Germany found that workplace dissatisfaction increased greatly with the age of the computer equipment.
"We do know that job satisfaction is falling in Britain and most advanced nations," said Stephen White, a researcher from the Work Foundation. "The actual reasons for this are the subject of very heated discussion. It's certainly one interesting theory that technology may be the cause of this in some way," White added.
A quarter of these using outdated computers in Britain said they were "quite" or "very dissatisfied" with their everyday job compared to the percent of those who had enjoyed an advantage from up-to-date technology.
The survey also said that among workers dealing with outdated equipment, there was a 35 percent greater probability they would take six or more days of sick leave per year compared with the average worker. In France, where more workers use old computers, the probability jumped to 55 percent.
Results also showed that women in the three countries were more likely to be using outdated equipment. In the UK, where more workers have up-to-date computers than in the other countries surveyed, the number of women using old equipment doubled that of men.
White pointed out that there were two sides to this problem, saying that continuously having to deal with new technology and equipment can also be a source of worry. "Old and faulty equipment is a major cause of office dissatisfaction. There is no question about it; but you also have to say that the frequent change of equipment is also, or could be, a main cause of dissatisfaction."
小題1:The underlined word "this" (paragraph 3) refers to ______.
A．workplace dissatisfactionB．computer use in most jobs
C．the aging off office computersD．the survey by care4@ free. net
小題2:How many office workers use old computers in Britain expressed their dissatisfaction?
A．16%B．25%C． 35%D．55%
小題3:According to White, why were the women surveyed more likely to use old computers?
A．Most office workers use old computers.
B．They do some of their work with computers.
C．Dealing with new equipment can cause anxiety.
D．They are easier to be satisfied with new technology.
小題4:What is the subject of the news story?
A．Poor working conditions in offices
B．Research work of the Work Foundation
C．Influence of technology in the workplace.
D．Different attitudes to old computers.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Death Valley is a land of beautiful yet dangerous extremes. Death Valley can be dangerously cold during the winter months. Storms in the mountains can produce sudden flooding on the floor of the Valley.
The air temperature during the summer has been as high as fifty- seven degrees Celsius. The sun can heat the ground so that the temperature of the rocks and soil can be as high as seventy -four degrees Celsius.
Death Valley contains evidence of several ancient volcanoes that caused huge explosions. Evidence of one of these explosions is called Ubehebe Crater. The explosion left a huge hole in the ground almost a kilometer and a half wide. In many areas of Death Valley it is easy to see where the ground has been pushed up violently by movement deep in the Earth. This movement has created unusual and beautiful rock formations. Some are red. Others are dark brown, gray, yellow or black.
The area was named by a woman in 1849. Thousands of people from other parts of the ountry traveled to the gold mining areas in California. They were in a hurry to get there before other people did. One group trying to reach California decided to take a path called the Old Spanish Trail. By December they had reached Death Valley.  They did not have to survive the terrible heat of summer, but there was still an extreme lack of water. There were few plants for their work animals to eat.
The people could not find a pass through the tall mountains to the west of the Valley, Slowly, they began co suffer from a lack of food. To survive, they killed their work animals for food and began to walk out of the Valley. As they left, one woman looked back and said, "Good -bye, death valley. ” The name has never been changed.
Almost everyone who visits Death Valley visits a huge house called Scotty' s Castle. The building design is Spanish, with high thick walls to provide protection from the fierce heat.
The castle is named for Walter Scott , called Scotty. by his friends. He was a gold miner. He told everyone that he built the house with money he made from his gold mine. Many people believed him. But it was not really the truth.
小題1: The first two paragraphs discuss Death Valley' s ________.
A．geography B．climate C．location D．size
小題2:The volcanoes mentioned in the third paragraph proved ________.
A．a(chǎn) valley that is formed by explosions B．a(chǎn) place where volcanoes are still active
C．a(chǎn) good example of the violence of nature D．a(chǎn) symbol of rock formations in history
小題3:The woman who named Death Valley intended to ________.
A．explore the mystery of the valley B．find an area with plants for animals
C．experience the terrible heat of summer D．look for gold in California
小題4:If the passage continues, it will be about ________.
A．the truth about Scotty's Castle B．why Spanish built the castle
C．when the castle was built D．where the castle lies in
小題5:The main idea of the passage is about ________.
A．the interesting place in Death Valley B．the facts about Death Valley
C．the origin of Death Valley D．the route to visit Death Valley

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