Every year, as Spring Festival draws near, most Chinese people will get excited to make preparation for the most important festival and make plan for the winter break. It is a little like Christmas in the United States, but there are some differences between the two festivals.
Both the major Chinese and the major Western holidays come during the cold season, and special food is expected. In western countries, cookies and cakes begin just after Thanksgiving in November and show up everywhere. Turkey, potatoes and other food come later. Similar thing happens in China. Entering lunar December, most families will make shopping plans for the coming big day and food is certainly one of the most important things to be considered. At the end of the month, both parents in each family will be very busy---the father is busy buying food while the mother is busy cooking.
A deeper similarity (相似處) is tradition. Christmas, as the letters “Christ” suggests, began as a holiday to celebrate the birthday of Jesus Christ. Many people pray (祈禱) on this day. In China, people living in cities or towns, though they don’t plan to sow seeds（播種） this month, still celebrate on the big day for farmers.
Followers of both holidays are also different from each other. While Chinese people travel to the homes of elder relatives, Americans usually call or send cards. Westerners prefer Christmas carols to fireworks. In Christmas, many family gifts come together instead of one by one, since adults may have only one day free to celebrate.
But the most curious difference is about students. Chinese students going home for Spring Festival sometimes report that they get bored by the end of vacation, yet American students seldom get bored around Christmas and western New Year.
Not everyone enjoys classic holiday traditions. Students in western countries may get upset, as too much homework, travel or bad family relations may destroy the short holiday season. In China, more and more college students choose to travel or work during the winter holiday instead of going home to stay with their families. It’s against the tradition but many people accept it.
小題1:What does “the coming big day” (Paragraph 2) refer to?
A．ChristmasB．Thanksgiving Day
C．the New Year’s DayD．the Spring Festival
小題2:The second and the third paragraphs mainly talk about ________.
A．the similarities between Christmas and the Spring Festival
B．the differences between Christmas and the Spring Festival
C．the preparations for Christmas and the Spring Festival
D．the history of Christmas and the Spring Festival
小題3:What does the writer mainly want to tell us in this passage?
A．Food in different festivals.
B．Differences between two festivals.
C．Festivals in China and western countries.
D．Traditional celebrations in different countries.

小題1:D
小題2:A
小題3:B

試題分析：本文主要向我們介紹的中西方的兩個不同的節(jié)日的相同之處。
小題1:D 推理題。根據(jù)本句Entering lunar December, most families will make shopping plans for the coming big day and food is certainly one of the most important things to be considered.說明人們是為即將到來的春節(jié)所做的準備，故D項正確。
小題2:A 段落大意題。根據(jù)2,3段中的Similar thing happens in China.說明這兩段主要是關(guān)于兩個節(jié)日的相似之處，故A正確。
小題3:B 主旨大意題。本文講述的是在中西方的這兩個節(jié)日的差別和相同之處，故B正確。
點評：本文所設(shè)試題主要考察細節(jié)查找，對于文章中的細節(jié)題，要注意文本內(nèi)容的理解。關(guān)鍵是找出原文的根據(jù)，認真核查題支和原文的異同，常犯錯誤有：絕對化語言，范圍擴大或縮小，以偏概全，張冠李戴等。帶著問題，再讀全文，找出答題所需要的依據(jù)，完成閱讀。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Humankind has tried to improve its standard of living since the very beginning of civili­zation. Back then, as well as today, providing food and security was the basic task for a per­son. However, nowadays the range of required goods has expanded significantly. People feel the need for not only some primary things, such as a piece of bread and a roof over their heads, but also for various facilities and luxuries. Providing humanity with these things is connected to the use of natural resources, which requires energy. In turn, the common sources of energy we use today cause pollution, so economic growth is almost unavoidably as­sociated with environmental damage.
Economic growth is the increase in numbers of goods and services produced over time by an economy, and it is calculated in terms of real Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Before growth is calculated, inflation (通貨膨脹)is adjusted in order to take into account its mis­leading effect on the price of goods and services. Economic growth can also be explained as the increase in expected output, which results from an increase in actual output, or total de­mand.
There are certain aspects of economic growth which affect the environment. The first of these is the fact that in order to produce more goods and products, at a faster rate, the con­struction of large industrial plants is required. These plants produce a lot of waste, leading to the pollution of water and the atmosphere, which may cause negative long term health effects to nearby populations of animals, or people. They also lead to global warming.
Industrial manufacturing leads to the constantly increasing energy consumption. The traditional energy sources, which are commonly used nowadays, are considered to be the greatest polluters to the environment. There also exist so-called eco-friendly sources of energy. They are sometimes preferred but replacing the traditional sources with them also requires time, during which people have to make some sacrifices to support these undertak­ings.
In order to produce economically practical energy, a sometimes significant transforma­tion of the natural site is often inevitable. This is expensive and, has harmful effects on the environment. Application of wind energy would block airflows’ natural speed which is the reason for their decrease in strength, after crossing the windmill. Consequently, the pres­sure balance that is brought about by this current will be affected, and it is important to re­member that the environment and weather conditions are directly affected by atmospheric pressure.
For these reasons, bringing about economic growth without any resulting environmental damage, whatsoever, is impossible.
小題1:What does the passage mainly talk about?
A． Pollution caused by plant construction.
B． Effects of windmills on the environment.
C． Economic growth and human civilization.
D． Economic growth and environmental damage.
小題2:What does the underlined word “They” in the third paragraph refer to?
A．Goods and productsB．The industrial plants
C． Water and atmosphere D．Negative health effects
小題3:According to the passage, the author holds the opinion that ______.
A． economic growth should be calculated in terms of GDP
B． use of natural resources causes no damage to the environment
C． industrial manufacturing may cause damage to the environment
D． a windmill is a perfect way to produce economically practical energy
小題4:Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

India is a developing country. It has thousands of years of tradition and culture. Different types of people live in India. In the old days the educational institutions (教育機構(gòu)) were called "ashramam" and teachers were "gurus". A guru was a respected person in society.
     Now we are living in the technological world. Big changes are occurring in people’s living. The influence of television, telephone, radio, computer, Internet and mobile phones is very strong in everyday life. But even today, teachers are role models for students. Teaching is still a respectable job. But there are great changes in the education system.
     One of the most obvious changes is that the influence of Western culture has increased. We are paying too much attention to doing business, just like the Western world. Teachers are likely to be influenced by this too, but it is not good. Teachers are nation builders. The development of any country depends upon its education system. All types of development are possible through education.
     Another change has happened in the curriculum. The curriculum connects the teacher and the student. While education is about learning, curriculum means the situations in which one learns. When we say that education deals with "what", then curriculum deals with "how" and "when". But at the moment, it is hard to say whether the curriculum is playing such a role.
小題1:In India, an ashramam was _________.
A．a(chǎn) teacher who was respected by people
B．a(chǎn) person who worked for the government
C．a(chǎn) place where students were taught
D．a(chǎn) place where tradition and culture developed
小題2:Which of the following is NOT a reason to change people’s lives in India?
A．TV. B．Computer. C．Mobile phones. D．Tradition.
小題3:In modern society, teaching is considered as a job that __________.
A．is respectedB．brings good luck
C．is hopelessD．connects with the fashion
小題4:What is the author’s attitude towards educational change in India?
A．He likes it.B．He is annoyed at it.
C．He is indifferent (冷漠的)to it.D．He is worried about it.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The new mayor of Hillsdale, Michigan, is a man of the people, ready to listen to their problems, but only until 6 p.m. Then he has to do his homework. Michael Sessions, 18, beat former mayor Douglas Ingles, 51, by just two votes and became the new mayor of Hillsdale. He is America's youngest mayor.
As Sessions was too young to enter the election in the spring of 2005, he registered- to vote on Sept. 22, one day after his 18-year-old birthday. The day after that he started his write-in campaign, which means he should persuade voters to remember his name and write it by hand on the voting ballots（選票）.
To help get his name known, Sessions earned＄700 by selling apples over the summer. He spent the money on posters and put them on the Hillsdale's lawns.
Sessions' month-long campaign included going door to door, explaining his ideas of the town's future in the kitchens of his neighbors. "They'd look at me, and say‘How old are you again? How much experience do you have?'And I say‘I'm still in high school', "he said. Sessions promised Hillsdale's voters he would renew local economy. “I was hopeful the whole time, ”he explained. One day he spent so long out on the streets knocking on the doors that he ended up in a hospital emergency room.
Sessions said that his schoolwork will not get in the way of his job as a mayor. “From 7:50 a.m. to 2:30p.m., I'11 be a student. From 3 to 6, I'11 be the mayor of Hillsdale," he said.
“He did a very brave thing that couldn't have been easy for him to do, "said Jack Vettel, a councilman in Hillsdale, a city of 8,200 about 75 miles southwest of Detroit. "He does care about this town. He's been here all his life. ”
Sessions will receive＄3, 600 a year during his four-year term, and will work out of his bedroom since the town does not provide the mayor with an office.
小題1:What is TRUE of Sessions' election campaign according to the text?
A．Sessions launched his election campaign on Sept. 22.
B．Sessions worked so hard that he once tried to persuade people in a hospital.
C．Sessions won the election campaign by a very close outcome.
D．Sessions felt disappointed when asked about his age and experience.
小題2:In order to gain more support from the voters Sessions had to do all these things EXCEPT＿.
A．put up posters'B．renew the economy
C．sell applesD．talk to neighbors in kitchens
小題3:What can we infer from the passage?
A．American mayors usually work from 3 p. m. to 6 p. m.
B．In America, young people are encouraged to get involved in politics.
C．All teenagers are allowed to enter political elections.
D．American mayors receive a salary of 3, 600 a year during their 4-year term.
小題4:Which of the following would best summarize the text?
A．Schoolboy becomes American's youngest mayor.
B．How to become a teenage mayor.
C．Hard work is the ticket to success.
D．Never too young to shake the world.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

1826, a Frenchman named Niepce needed pictures for his business .But he was not a good artist.So he invented a very simple camera (照相機).He put it in a window of his house and took a picture of his garden .That was the first photo.
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Brady was also the first person to take pictures of war. His 1862 Civil War pictures showed dead soldiers and ruined cities. They made the war seem more real and more terrible
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With the small camera, anyone could be a photographer. People began to use cameras just for fun. They took pictures of their families, friends and favourite places. They called these pictures "snapshots".
Photographs became very popular in newspapers in the 1890s. Soon magazines and books also used documentary photographs. These pictures showed true events and people. They were much more real than drawings.
Photography had turned into a form of art by the beginning of the 20th century. Some photographs were not just copies of the real world. They showed ideas and feelings, like other art forms.
小題1:The passage is mainly about______________.
A．the invention of cameras
B．a(chǎn) kind of new art -- photography
C．the development of photography
D．the different uses of cameras in history
小題2: The first pictures of a war were taken by ____________.
A．a(chǎn) French photographer in the 1840s
B．a(chǎn)n American photographer in the 1860s
C．a(chǎn) German reporter in the 1880s
D．a(chǎn) French artist in the 1890s
小題3: Which of the following statements is TRUE about the photography in the 19th century?
A．It was mainly based on the invention of the first photograph.
B．Photographers were popular in the United States because they carried lots of equipment.
C．Photographers used to make film themselves and developed it immediately after taking a photo.
D．Small handheld cameras made it possible for anyone to become a gifted photographer.
小題4:In which order are the following statements mentioned in the passage?
a. Photographs became popular in newspapers.
b. Photographers carried processing equipment when taking pictures.
c. The invention of small handheld cameras made photography easier.
d. Daguerre invented a kind of photograph called daguerreotype.
e. Brady took pictures of famous people.
A．e,a, d, b, cB．d, b, e, c, a
C．b, e, c, a, dD．d, c, e, a , b
小題5: Photography can also be an art form because artists can ____________.
A．take anything they like
B．keep a record of real life
C．take photos of the famous
D．show ideas and feelings in pictures

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The United States of America is the most culturally diverse(多樣化) country in the world in terms of culture religion, ethnicity(種族) and sexual orientation. As a combination of various races and cultures, America is home to all. The culture here is so unique that citizens can be just as proud of their original cultural heritage(遺產(chǎn)) as they are to be American.
What is now the US was initially inhabited(居住) by native people until the land was settled by various European groups and African slaves. Since the 20th century, the country has become a heaven for people from all over the globe(全球).
The arrival of immigrants(移民) has shifted populations from rural(農(nóng)村的) areas into cities because immigrants tend to settle in urban areas. At present, 81 percent of the inhabitants in the US live in cities.
Cultural and ethnic diversity adds a unique flavor to cities that is expressed through distinct(獨特的) neighborhoods, restaurants, places of worship, museums, nightlife and multicultural learning environments.
Unique musical forms, such as jazz, rock and roll, Chicano music, and the blues, grow in the US by mixing a variety of culturally distinct musical traditions to create a new form.
At the executive (行政的) level, the country is headed by a mixed­race president; two posts(職位) on the Supreme Court are held by members of the country's two largest minorities.There is also diversity in state and local governments.
Without its rich mixture of races and cultures, America would not be the nation that it is today. Founded upon the basis of equality and freedom, America acts as a stage where different cultures not only co­exist peacefully, but develop well.
小題1:According to the passage, America is a country________.
A．that welcomes people from all over the world
B．where citizens take more pride in their original culture
C．that is mostly settled by Europeans and Africans
D．where 81% of the population are immigrants
小題2:Where did most people live before many immigrants came to America?
A．In the urban areas.B．In the rural areas.
C．In the southern part of America.D．In the northern part of America.
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A．diversity(多樣化) has existed in America in almost every aspect(方面)
B．most posts in American state governments are held by mixed­race people
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D．diversity has greatly affected the American political field
小題4:What's the best title for this passage?
A．The effects of culture and diversity on America.
B．The influence of globalization on America.
C．The political development of America.
D．The bright future of America.
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Americans have contributed to many art forms, but jazz, a type music, is one of the art form that was started in the United States. Black Americans, who sang and played the music of their homeland, created jazz.
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Jazz bands formed in the late 1800s. They played in bars and clubs in many towns and cities of the South, especially New Orleans. New Orleans is an international seaport, and people from all over the world come to New Orleans to hear jazz.
Jazz became more and more popular. By the 1920s, jazz was popular all over the United States. By the 1940s, you could hear jazz not only in clubs and bars, but in concert halls as well. Today, people from all over the world play jazz. Jazz musicians from the United　States, Asia, Africa, South America, and Europe meet and share their music at festivals on every continent. In this way jazz continues to grow and change.
小題1:What can be the best title of the passage?
A．American art forms. 　 　　　　B．The development of jazz.
C．The music of black Americans.　D．The birthplace of jazz.
小題2:Which of the following is true?
A．Jazz is now popular all over the world.
B．Jazz is now a kind of religious music.
C．Jazz is now played only in bars and clubs.
D．Jazz is now played a little differently sometimes.
小題3:From the text it can be inferred that_________ .
A．New Orleans is the place where jazz was first produced
B．the American people are all jazz lovers
C．jazz is merely sung by the black when working
D．jazz may become more popular as time goes on
小題4:It took about ________ years to make jazz popular in the United States.
A．200B．120C．80D．140

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

“Slow City” — a recently launched project focused on preserving the traditional quality of life enjoyed in some of Italy’s smaller cities and towns. The project was born from the idea of the “Slow Food” movement — started in Italy in the 1980s — which promotes leisurely eating and the growing of local, healthy products to fight against the American fast-food style.
“The American urban model has invaded our cities, making Italian towns look the same. We want to stop this kind of globalization,” says Paolo Saturnini, an Italian mayor.
The “Slow City” project plans to emphasize the rich, cultural, culinary(廚房的) and artistic local traditions of each community.
Walking areas will be enlarged and squares and parks will be made greener with more plants. Car alarms and other noise that disturbs the peace will be banned, and ugly TV aerials(天線), advertising posters, and signs will be taken down.
City councils will also insist on the use of recycling and renewable energy sources, and will also introduce ecological transport systems. Parking will be made stress-free by creating more public parking areas, and easily accessible walkways and bike lanes will cross the city. But in the “Slow City” way, all improvements will probably come about slowly.
Thirty-two Italian city councils, which joined the “Slow City” program, have decided to take further steps in this direction by increasing the numbers of traditional family-style eating establishments, reducing noise pollution, and concentrating on making their towns friendlier for people to live in.
Organic local produce will be promoted in all restaurants and genetically modified foods(轉(zhuǎn)基因食品) will be banned. “We can’t stop large, fast-food chains from coming here, but we hope that people who come to our towns will not want to eat exactly the same hamburger they can eat in Melbourne, London or Paris, but want something genuine and different,” said Saturnini.
小題1:According to the passage, the “Slow City” project aims at _____.
A．preventing Italy from being affected by America
B．beautifying the environment of small Italian cities and towns
C．calling on Italians to enjoy stress-free life
D．protecting the traditional Italian lifestyle
小題2:From Paragraphs 4-5, we can infer that ______.
A．cars in “Slow City” will have to go slowly
B．people can park their cars free of charge in “Slow City”
C．“Slow City” will take on an environmentally friendly look
D．a(chǎn)dvertising in “Slow City” will be banned
小題3:Further measures will be included in the “Slow City” program EXCEPT _____.
A．cutting down noise pollution
B．stop genetically modified foods
C．getting more towns involved in the project
D．building more family-style restaurants
小題4:In Saturnini’s opinion, when traveling in “Slow Cities”, visitors_____.
A．a(chǎn)ren’t provided with fast food
B．will see few fast-food chains
C．can enjoy themselves like in London
D．can enjoy real Italian-style healthy food

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Saying “thank you” is probably the first thing most of us learn to do in a foreign language. After all, we’re brought up to be polite, and it is important to make a good impression upon other people — especially across national divides.
So, what exactly are you supposed to say when “thank you” is only the 20th most popular way to express gratitude? According to a recent survey, 19 other ways of expressing appreciation finished ahead of “thank you” in a poll of 3,000 people.
Pollsters(民測調(diào)查員) found almost half of those asked preferred the more informal “cheers”, while others liked to use such expressions as “ta”, “great” and “nice one”.
So, just what is the appropriate form of words to express your thanks?
Fortunately, the clue is in the language itself. “Cheers”, despite its popularity, is considered an informal way to say thank you — and this is a definite clue as to when you can best use it.
For instance, when going for a drink with friends, a smile and a “cheers” by way of thanks is not only appropriate to the situation, it is also culturally accurate.
“Ta”, originated from the Danish word “tak”, was the second-most popular expression of thanks, and is also commonly used in informal situations, along with phrases such as “nice one”, and “brilliant”. Interestingly, one word that didn’t make it into the top 20 was “thanks”, Thank you is shorter, more informal cousin.
“Thanks” can be useful, as it is able to bridge the divide between the formality of “thank you” and the downright relaxed “cheers”.
Certain words can double as an expression of thanks as well as delight. Again, the words themselves offer the clue as to when best to use them.
For example, words like “awesome”, “brilliant” and “you star” featured highly in the new poll and they can hint at both your pleasure at someone’s action, as well as serving to express your thanks. If you are on the receiving end of a “new” thank you, you can respond with a simple “no problem”, or “sure”.
Of course, in certain circumstances, a simple wave, nod or smile may be appropriate. For instance, if a car driver slows down to let you cross the road, simply raising your hand in acknowledgement is enough to show that you appreciate the driver’s consideration.
Sometimes, formality is necessary, and “thank you” is still the best choice in such situations. But students should not worry about when exactly to use certain expressions.
Many people in Western countries are worried that good manners are in decline. People are tired of seeing their acts of kindness and service pass without comment. So don’t think your “thank you” is clumsy or awkwardly formal. The chances are, if you said “thank you”, you made someone’s day. You star.
小題1:We can tell from the results of the poll that __________.
A．people are unconcerned about politeness nowadays.
B．“thank you” remains the best expression of gratitude.
C．there is a variety of expressions of appreciation.
D．there are more formal expressions than informal ones.
小題2:According to the passage, which is an appropriate response to “awesome” or “brilliant”?
A．Thanks.B．Sure. C．Nice one.D．Cheers. .
小題3:In the last paragraph the author encourages people to          .
A．show their gratitude to others.B．behave themselves well.
C．continue their acts of kindness.D．stop worrying about bad manners.
小題4:Which of the following can serve as the best title of this passage?
A．How to Appear More Polite .B．Ways to Show Gratitude.
C．Never hesitate to Say “Thank You”.D．Good Manners in Decline!

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