In the early days of sea travel, seamen on long voyages lived exclusively on salted meat and biscuits. Many of them died of scurvy (壞血病), a disease of the blood which causes swollen gums, livid white spots on the flesh and general exhaustion. On one occasion, in 1535, an English ship arrived in Newfoundland with its crew desperately ill. The men´s lives were saved by Iroquois Indians who gave them vegetable leaves to eat. Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors´ diet and Captain Cook, on his long voyages of discovery to Australia and New Zealand, established the fact that scurvy could be warded off by the provision of fresh fruit for the sailors.
Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. These elements are called “vitamins”. Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them, A, B, C, D, and so on. Different diseases are associated with deficiencies of particular vitamins. Even a slight lack of Vitamin C, for example, the vitamin most plentiful in fresh fruit and vegetables, is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility (敏感度) to colds and influenza.
The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruit and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say during extended periods of religious fasting (齋戒), or when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins.
51. Scurvy is a disease that is provoked by ____
A. salted meat and biscuits              B. exhaustion
C. want of some essential substances      D. lack of fresh vegetables and fruits
52. In the last sentence of Paragraph 1, “warded off” could probably be replaced by____.
A. got rid of     B. killed     C. avoided     D. cleared away
53. To avoid such disease as scurvy, it´s better for us ____.
A. not to eat much salted meat
B. to supplement our diet with various vitamin pills
C. to have more fresh fruit and vegetables
D. to develop a good dietary habit
54. Based on the passage we can safely conclude that if our diet is not comprehensive enough ____.
A. vitamin pills are of no avail
B. nutritious food might be unhealthy
C. vegetable leaves can be a good remedy
D. religious fasting may help out a lot
55. Which of the following sentences best expresses the central ideal of the passage?
A. Deficiencies of Vitamin C may cause serious diseases.
B. Fresh fruit and green vegetables contain enough nutrition that is necessary for a healthy body.
C. Vitamins play a vitally important role in people´s health.
D. A good mixed diet normally supplies sufficient vitamins for us.

小題1:C
小題2:C
小題3:D
小題4:B
小題5:C
         
練習(xí)冊(cè)系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Good health is the most valuable thing a person can have, but one cannot take good health for granted. It is important to remember that the body needs proper care in order to be healthy. There are three things that a person can do to help stay in good shape: eat right food ,get enough sleep, and exercise regularly.
Proper nutrition (營(yíng)養(yǎng)) is important for good health. Your body cannot work well unless it receives the proper kind of “fuel”(燃料).Don't eat too much food with lots of sugar and fat. Eat plenty of foods high in protein (蛋白質(zhì)) ,like meat, fish, eggs and nuts. Vegetables and fruits are very important because they provide necessary vitamins (維他命) and minerals. However, don't overeat. It is not helpful to be overweight.
Getting the proper amount of sleep is also important. If you don't get enough sleep, you feel tired and easily get angry. You have no energy. Over a long period of time a little a amount of sleep may even result in a change of personality (人的個(gè)性).Be sure to allow yourself from seven to nine hours of sleep each night. If you do, your body will feel strong and refreshed, and your mind will be sharp.
Finally, get plenty of exercise. Exercise firms the body, strengthens the muscles, and prevents you from gaining weight. It also improves your heart and lungs. If you follow a regular exercise program, you will probably increase your life-span (壽命).Any kind of exercise is good. Most sports are excellent for keeping the body in good shapes: basketball, swimming, bicycling, running and so on are good examples. Sports are not only good for your body, but they are enjoyable and interesting, too.
If everybody, were to eat the right foods, get plenty of sleep and exercise regularly, the world would be a happier and healthier place. We would all live to be much older and wiser.
6. According to the passage,_________.
A .we should always keep fit
B. if we were healthy, we could spend our days in doing things with less sleep
C. one can eat a lot to stay in good shape
D. one needn't take any exercise if he is healthy
7.In order to keep good health, ___________ .
A. we should eat a lot of sweets         
B. one needs a large amount of fat
C. people should eat according to the foods nutrition 
D. we must try to sleep now and then
8. Eating more and sleeping less________.
A. can keep healthy                 B. is no good for you
C. gets you more energy           D. will keep your personality
9.The writer explains ________in this passage.
A. how to eat                        B. the importance of doing exercise
C. how to keep healthy             D. what to eat
10.The title of the article should be___________ .
A. Eating and Exercising           B. How Vitamins Work in Man's Body
C. Staying Healthy                   D. Sleeping Well

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空


第二節(jié) 完形填空(共20小題；每小題1．5分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳答案。
In my dual (雙重的)) profession   36  an educator and health care provider, I have worked with many children infected with HIV. They have taught me so many things, but I have especially learned that great   37   can be found in the smallest individuals. Let me tell you about Tyler.
Tyler was   38   infected with HIV; his mother was also infected. From the very beginning of his life, he was dependent on medications to 39  him to survive. When he was five, he had a tube inserted in a vein(靜脈) in his chest. At times, he also needed extra oxygen to support his 40.
Tyler wasn't_41   to give up one single moment of his childhood to this deadly disease. It was not  42   to find him playing and racing around his backyard, wearing his medicine-loaded backpack and   43  his tank of oxygen behind him in his little wagon ( 小推車 ). All of us who knew Tyler were impressed by his pure   44   in being alive and the energy it gave him. Tyler’s mom often  45  him by telling him that he moved so  46   she needed to dress him in red. That way, when she peered through the window to check on him playing in the yard, she could quickly47  him.
This deadly disease eventually  48   down Tyler. He grew quite ill and, unfortunately,  49 did his HIV-infected mother. When it became   50   that he wasn't going to survive, Tyler’s mom talked to him about   51 . She comforted him by telling Tyler that she was dying too, and that she would be with him soon in heaven.
A few days before his death, Tyler 52  to me to come to his hospital bed and   53 ,"I might die soon. I'm not 54  When I die, please dress me in  55  Mom promised she's coming to heaven, too. I'll be playing when she gets there, and I want to make sure she can find me.
36. A. in                     B.for             C. as             D.on
37. A. pleasure      B. pain          C. sorrow      D. courage
38. A. seriously     B. born          C. unlucky      D. disappointingly
39. A. cause          B. enable       C. make         D. lead
40. A. breathing    B. living        C. running      D. walking
41. A. happy         B. willing      C. daring        D. discouraged
42. A. common     B. unusual     C. surprised    D. ordinary
43. A. dragging      B. carrying    C. pushing      D. taking
44. A. character     B. joy            C. moment     D. Excitement
45. A. comforted   B. scolded      C. teased        D. praised
46. A. slowly               B. happily      C. quickly      D. fast
47. A. know          B. spot          C. stop           D. observe
48. A. tore            B. broke               C. wore          D. kicked
49. A. neither               B. so             C. such           D. nor
50. A. apparent      B. hopeless    C. sure           D. terrible
51. A. life             B. dream       C. future        D. death
52. A. waved         B. said           C. signed        D. explained
53. A. whispered   B. shouted     C. cried          D. spoke
54. A. excited        B. surprised   C. scared        D. sad
55. A. red             B. white               C. bright      D. beauty

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


In formal paragraphs you will sometimes see a sentence at the end of the paragraph which summarizes the information that has been presented．This is the concluding sentence．The concluding sentence is similar to the topic sentence．They are both general sentences．The concluding sentence can be written in two ways：
1．State the topic sentence in different words．
2．Summarize the main points in the paragraph．
You can understand concluding sentences with this example．Consider a hamburger that you can buy at a fast—food restaurant．A hamburger has a top bun，meat，cheese，lettuce（生菜），and other elements in the middle of the hamburger，and a bottom bun．Note how the top bun and the bottom bun are very similar．The top bun，in a way，is like a topic sentence，and the bottom bun is like the concluding sentence．Both buns “hold” the meat，onions，and so on．Similarly，the topic sentence and concluding sentence “hold” the supporting sentences in the paragraph．Let’s see how a concluding sentence might look in our sample paragraph about Wheaton：
My hometown is famous for several amazing natural features．First，it is noted for the Wheaton River，which is very wide and beautiful．Also，on the other side of the town is Wheaton Hill，which is unusual because it is very steep．The third amazing feature is the Big Old Tree．This tree stands two hundred feet tall and is probably about six hundred years old．These three landmarks are truly amazing and make my hometown a famous place．
Notice how the concluding sentence，“these three landmarks are truly amazing and make my hometown a famous place”，summarizes the information in the paragraph．Notice also how the concluding sentence is similar to，but not exactly the same as，the topic sentence．
Usually，we begin a concluding sentence with “in conclusion’’ or “in summary”．Remember，not all paragraphs contain concluding sentences，especially if the paragraph is very short．However，if your paragraph is very long，it is a good idea to use a concluding sentence．
65．What does the author mainly intend to tell us in this passage？
A．How to write a concluding sentence．
B．What the top bun and the bottom bun are like．
C．Why his hometown is a famous place．
D．To use a concluding sentence in our writing．
66．Why does the author write about a hamburger？
A．Because he can buy a hamburger at a fast—food restaurant．
B．Because a hamburger has a top bun and a bottom bun．
C．Because the top bun and the bottom bun are very similar．
D．Because he wants to explain his main idea in another way．
67．The underlined word “noted” probably means“        ”
A．written down          B．famous                   C．noticed                   D．recorded
68．Which of the following statements is TRUE about the passage？
A．A sentence at the end of a paragraph is the concluding sentence．
B．All paragraphs contain concluding sentence．
C．It is a good idea to use a concluding sentence in a long paragraph．
D．The concluding sentence is the same as the to pic sentence．
69．The underlined phrase “These three landmarks” here refers to       ．
A．the Wheaton River，Wheaton Hill and my hometown
B．natural features，the Wheaton River and the Wheaton Hill
C．the Wheaton River，Wheaton Hill and the Big Old Tree
D．my hometown，Wheaton Hill and the Big Old Tree

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Until a century ago, bloodletting was used to treat many ailments. Dating back to before the time of Christ, the treatment involved letting a type of worm, called a leech, such blood from the patient. People believed that there were liquids called humors in the body and that these determined a person’s personality and heath. Bloodletting, they thought, restored a balance to these humors.
At the time, little was known of the working of the human body, but people did know that the same liquid, blood, flowed throughout everyone’s body. They knew it was a vital substance, for loss of any great amount of it meant certain death. Thus, they concluded that all diseases were carried in the bloodstream, and that if the body was relieved of bad blood, heath would return. Bloodletting, however, came to be used as a cure-all. Woman were bled to keep them from blushing while members of the clergy were bled to prevent them from thinking sinful and worldly thoughts.
From the 11th to the 18th centuries, barbers were the people to go to if you needed to be bled. This custom explains the significance of the traditional barber’s pole: the white stripes stand for bandages and the red stripe for blood.
1. This passage is concerned about            .
healthy people and doctors                         B. bleeding as a cure-all
C. barbers of long ago                                      D. leeches with special jobs to do
2. The red and white stripes on barber pole symbolize         .
sin and redemption                             B. the bleeding form
C. women who are nurses                                  D. humors in the body
3. Why is bloodletting no longer considered a cure-all?
Because more is known about the workings of the human body.
Because leeches were outlawed
Because barbers were too busy cutting hair.
Because today we know that blood is necessary for health
4. In the second paragraph, the word “Thus” could be replaced by the word       .
A. When                        B. However                  C. If                            D. So
5. Ailments means           .
A. cures                         B. women                     C. disease                     D. medicines

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Four out of ten women who diet end up heavier than when they started watching their waistline（腰圍）, a study revealed today. The research also showed that a large percentage of women start noticing the pounds creeping back on just 21 days after reaching their ideal weight.
Yesterday, Dr Ian Campbell of the Jenny Craig weight management program said: 'In the UK 61.4 per cent of adults are overweight or obese. Successful weight management requires a long-term commitment in order to lose weight successfully and for good. Dieting can be a real challenge so setting realistic goals and remaining focused on them is important. Otherwise as this research shows, women could end up heavier than when they started.'
The 'Food: Body: Mind' report was publicized by Jenny Craig who quizzed 2000 women aged between 18 and 65 who diet regularly on their attitudes, beliefs and behaviors around weight loss. Six in ten said they are currently on a diet and one in five women said they are on a 'continuous diet'.
It found the most common triggers to start dieting was seeing their 'reflection in the mirror', preparing for a summer holiday or unflattering photos posted on social networking sites. Other popular reasons include comments by friends or relatives or their other half.
However, the study showed that one in ten give up within one day, while almost a fifth manage to make it to a week or more. The average is ten days. Many blamed pressure they put on themselves to lose weight too quickly for the weight gain, which leaves them with a bigger appetite than normal. Others blamed colleagues, who tuck into fatty lunches and snacks unaware of the effect it has on the dieter, while mothers who polish off their children's leftovers was another common cause of weight gain.
小題1:Which of the following might be the best title for this article?
A．Three reasons to fail in dietingB．Important things for successful diet
C．Four in ten women gain weight on dietsD．Obesity: problem for 61.4% adults in UK
小題2:In the UK, women who go on a diet __________.
A． are all overweight or obese
B． all fail because they are not persistent enough
C． are likely to gain weight again after reaching their ideal weight
D． end up heavier than when they start to diet
小題3:The underlined word “triggers” in Paragraph 4 probably means_________.
A．effects B．causesC． examplesD．imagination
小題4:Which of the following is NOT the reason why many people quit dieting very soon?
A．The pressure they put on themselves to lose weight quickly.
B．Colleagues who give them fatty lunches and snacks.
C．Leftovers of children’s taken by their mothers.
D．Reflections they see in the mirror.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


B
Should doctors ever lie to benefit their patient–to
speed recovery or to cover the coming of death? In
medicine as in law, government, and other lines of
work, the requirements of honesty often seem dwarfed
（變矮�。゜y greater needs: the need to protect from
brutal news or to uphold a promise of secrecy; to advance
the public interest．
What should doctors say, for example, to a 46-year-old man coming in for a routine physical checkup just before going on vacation with his family who, though he feels in perfect health, is found to have a form of cancer that will cause him to die within six months? Is it best to tell him the  truth? If he asks, should the doctor reject that he is ill, or minimize fee gravity of the illness? Should they at least hide the truth until after the family vacation?
Doctors face such choices often．At times, they see important reasons to lie for the patient's own sake; in their eyes, such lies differ sharply from self-serving ones．
Studies show that most doctors sincerely believe that the seriously ill patients do not want to know the truth about their condition, and that informing them risks destroying their hope, so that they may recover more slowly, or deteriorate （惡化） faster, perhaps even commit suicide（自殺）．
But other studies show that, contrary to the belief of many physicians; a great majority of patients do want to be told the truth, even about serious illness, and feel cheated when they learn that they have been misled．We are also learning that truthful information, humanly conveyed, helps patients cope with illness: help them tolerate pain better, need less medicine, and even recover faster after operation．
There is urgent need to debate this issue openly．Not only in medicine, but in other professions as well, practitioners may find themselves repeatedly in difficulty where serious consequences seem avoidable only through deception （欺騙）．Yet the public has every reason to know professional deception, for such practices are peculiarly likely to become deeply rooted, to spread, and to trust．Neither in medicine, nor in law, government, or the social sciences can there be comfort in the old saying, "What you don't know can't hurt you．"
60．What is the passage mainly about?
A．Whether patients really want to know the truth of their condition．
B．Whether patients should be told the truth of their illness．
C．Whether different studies should be carried on．
D．Whether doctors are honesty with their patients．
61．For the case mentioned in paragraph 2, most doctors will ____．
A．tell the patient the truth as soon as possible
B．choose to lie to him about his condition at that moment
C．tell him to shorten the family vacation
D．a(chǎn)dvise him to cancel the family vacation
62．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．Sometimes government tells lies because they need to meet the public interest．
B．Doctors believe if they lie, those seriously-ill patients will recover more quickly．
C．Truthful information helps patients deal with their illness in some cases．
D．Many patients don't want to know the truth, especially about serious illness．
63．From the passage, we can learn that the author's attitude to professional deception is ____．
A．supportive          B．indifferent       C．opposed       D．neutral
63．From the passage, we can learn that the author’s attitude to professional deception is      .
A．supportive       B．indifferent       C．opposed    D．neutral

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


“It’s our tradition to help each other”, added Tenpa, a medical official in neighbouring Madoi County, who said Yushu has always been quick to help other areas in times of trouble. “We have suffered many dangers and each time people in Yushu have sent food and clothes. We are always thankful to them and hopefully we proved it by being the first rescue team to arrive in Yushu after the earthquake.”
The Madoi medical team arrived just hours after the violent 7.1-magnitude earthquake hit Yushu. In two weeks, they have treated at least 1,800 people, while the county has donated 400,000 yuan.
The biggest fear in the earthquake area is the outbreak of diseases. Tenpa said, “Keeping things clean in the shelter is very hard. Even hand washing is almost impossible because of lack of water. Our team is spraying disinfectant (噴灑消毒劑) and we hope that will work.”
After driving for 13 hours with his medical team, Tian Jiancan said he immediately found a 40-year-old who was seriously injured after being trapped in a toppled house. Tian had to operate on the man in his emergency medical van. “If we had been one hour later, he would probably be dead. It’s good to see him out of danger now.” Tian’s medical team has treated over 3,200 people, including a 15-day-old baby and a 105-year-old man. They also helped to put up tents against winds, where patients are protected well.
One local man said although most doctors cannot speak Tibetan, they have shown their care and love through their actions.
60. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. This is the first time that Tibetans have faced great dangers.
B. People in Yushu have always been ready to help each other.
C. Madoi was also hit by the 7.1-magnitude earthquake.
D. Tian’s team is the second rescue team to arrive Yushu.
61. What is the closest meaning to the underlined words in paragraph 7?
A. a house on the top floor                     B. a house which had no roofs
C. a house which fell down                         D. a house which was poorly built
62. How many people have been rescued by the medical teams according to the passage?
A. About 1,800.               B. 3,200.               C. At least 5,000.         D. 4000,000.
63. What is the passage mainly about?
A. People in Yushu are encouraged by the medical team workers.
B. The doctors went along quite well in spite of the language trouble.
C. The Madoi medical team was the first to arrive at the earthquake-hit area.
D. The medical workers made great efforts to help the people suffering from the earthquake.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


For many young people, the dream of a lifetime is to travel the world, explore different cultures and landscapes, taste new foods and flavors, and listen to the distinctive sounds of international music and languages.
Unfortunately, few young people have the money or freedom to make this dream come true. But if you can't go out into the world, surely second best is to let the world come to you. And, this year's Shanghai World Expo is exactly where that's happening.
From May 1 to October 31, there will be 194 countries and 50 international organizations on display at the 5-square-km Expo site. Seventy million domestic and international visitors are expected to visit it by the end of October. So, if you can go, you'll be surrounded by people with a wide range of backgrounds, nations, and cultures.
The Expo's theme is "Better City, Better Life". The United Nations estimates that, this year, 55 of the world's people will live in urban settings. This poses a dilemma (困境) for the world's cities: How can they accommodate such a large number of people in a sustainable (可持續(xù)的) way? Can they remain places of natural beauty and cultural importance?
Well, that's the challenge the 2010 Expo participants are confronting in a variety of ways. Japan will show off an "eco-breathing" structure to power its building with natural energy like sunlight, rainwater and wind. Germany's pavilion is named "Balancity", which is described as a "balance between innovation (創(chuàng)新) and nature, society and its individuals, work and recreation" (娛樂)
The first themed Expo was held in 1933, and since that time World Expos have featured a participatory and interactive style. The Shanghai Expo is no exception. Young people will have the opportunity to take part in forums to discuss themes like new technology, green energy and conservation.
A trip to the Expo is guaranteed to be much less expensive than a trip around the world. Still, the costs can add up. However, young people can save money by purchasing group or student tickets, which may be available at reduced rates. Many of the participating pavilions offer free samples and treats for the visitors. In addition to handing out free chocolates, the Belgian pavilion will give away a free diamond each week to a visitor who can answer questions related to Belgium.
If you're planning to head to the Shanghai Expo between May and October, don't forget to bring a camera, a notebook, and an open mind (and comfortable shoes). For nearly six months, representatives of the world are coming together to share their best and latest ideas for the future. It's sure to be a memorable experience.
From: http://www.hxen.com/englisharticle./yingyuyuedu/2010-02-09/101092.html
1. Which statement is true according to the passage?
A. You can pay a visit to the Shanghai World Expo at the beginning of this November
B. You can save money by buying student tickets.
C. Whoever comes to the Belgian pavilion will be given a free diamond.
D. How to protest the animals is the theme of the Shanghai World EXPO
2. What dilemma do you think the cities are confronting (面對(duì)) now according to the fourth paragraph?
A. How to avoid traffic jams                     B. How to reduce air pollution
C. How to live peacefully with animals          D. How to live harmoniously with nature
3. What's the purpose of the writing the passage?
A. To introduce how to get to the Shanghai World Expo
B. To recommend what to see in the Shanghai World Expo
C. To tell us some information about the Shanghai world Expo.
D. To tell us the history about the World Expo.
4. Where do you think you will probably read this article?
A. In a newspaper      B. On a website         C. In a magazine      D. In a textbook

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊(cè)答案