Question

Cloze(完形填空) 　　In the American family the husband and wife usually share important decision making．When the children are 　　1　　 enough, they take part 　　2　　．Foreigners are often surprised by the permissiveness(寬容)of American parents．The old rule that“Children should be seen and not be heard” is rarely 　　3　　, and children are often 　　4　　 to do what they wish without strict parental 　　5　　．The father seldom expects his children to obey him 　　6　　 question, and children are encouraged to be independent 　　7　　 an early age．Some people believe that American parents carry this freedom 　　8　　 far．Others think that a strong father image(形象)would not 　　9　　 the American values of equality and independence．Because Americans emphasize the importance of independence, young people are expected to break 　　10　　 their parental families by the time they have 　　11　　 their late teens or early twenties．　　12　　, not to do so is often regarded as a failure, a kind of 　　13　　． 　　This pattern of independence often results in serious 　　14　　 for the aging parents of a small family．The average American is expected to live 　　15　　 the age of 70．The job-retirement age is 　　16　　 65．The children have left home, married, and set 　　17　　 their own households．At least 20 percent of the people over 65 do not have enough retirement incomes．　　18　　 the major problem of many elderly couples is not 　　19　　．They feel useless and lonely with neither an occupation(職業(yè))　　20　　 a close family group． (1) [　　] A． old B． young C． good D． big (2) [　　] A． either B． though C． as well D． again (3) [　　] A． discussed B． followed C． seen D． heard (4) [　　] A． asked B． make C． said D． allowed (5) [　　] A． control B． support C． agreement D． criticism (6) [　　] A． for B． on C． without D． in (7) [　　] A． in B． at C． on D． for (8) [　　] A． too B． almost C． nearly D． quite (9) [　　] A． fit B． meet C． suit D． satisfy (10) [　　] A． up B． into C． through D． away from (11) [　　] A． reached B． got C． arrived D． developed (12) [　　] A． To be exact B． In name C． Indeed D． For example (13) [　　] A． heaviness B． lightness C． strongness D． weakness (14) [　　] A． questions B． problems C． matters D． affairs (15) [　　] A． above B． till C． from D． beyond (16) [　　] A． only B． usually C． sometimes D． seldom (17) [　　] A． forth B． aside C． up D． down (18) [　　] A． But B． Therefore C． In contrast D． On the other hand (19) [　　] A． local B． national C． political D． financial (20) [　　] A． or B． nor C． and D． but

Answer 1

答案：1．A;2．C;3．B;4．D;5．A;6．C;7．B;8．A;9．C;10．D;11．A;12．C;13．D;14．B;15．D;16．B;17．C;18．A;19．D;20．B;
解析：

(1)	參與決策需要有一定的思維判斷能力，這里選擇old表示孩子們的“年齡”足夠大，符合文意。
(2)	as well表示“也”，放在句末。either用于否定句，though和again用在此處不符合文意。
(3)	follow a rule是一固定搭配，意為“遵守規(guī)定”。
(4)	通讀全文可知美國(guó)家長(zhǎng)注重培養(yǎng)孩子的獨(dú)立性，因此可判斷美國(guó)父母允許孩子們做他們想做的事，選項(xiàng)D符合文意。
(5)	聯(lián)系上下文，可以判斷美國(guó)兒童可以做他們想做的事，并不受父母的嚴(yán)格支配。其余選項(xiàng)不符合文意。
(6)	without question意為“毫無異議”，該短語(yǔ)可以體現(xiàn)出美國(guó)家長(zhǎng)注重培養(yǎng)孩子的獨(dú)立性。
(7)	at an early age意為“在年齡小的時(shí)候”。
(8)	too far在這里指“過頭”或“過分”，與原文的意思相符。
(9)	suit意為“符合”；meet和satisfy含有“滿足(需要、要求等)”的意思；fit意為“適合”，一般用于尺寸的大小。
(10)	break up意為“打碎或結(jié)束”；break into意為“闖入”；break through意為“突破”；break away from意為“掙脫，脫離”。
(11)	表示“達(dá)到某一年齡”一般用reach a certain age。
(12)	To be exact意為“精確地”；In name意為“名義上”；Indeed意為“實(shí)際上，確實(shí)”；For example意為“例如”，只有選項(xiàng)C符合文意。
(13)	weakness意為“弱點(diǎn)，缺點(diǎn)”，其余選項(xiàng)不合文意。
(14)	serious意為“嚴(yán)重的”，若與questions連用，不符合文意；matters意為“事情，事件”，是發(fā)生的事件，顯然也不符合文意；affairs通常指較大的事物、事件，應(yīng)予以排除。選擇B項(xiàng)表示“導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的問題”，符合上下文意義。
(15)	文中的原意是一般美國(guó)人的壽命預(yù)期超過70歲，故beyond是正確的。
(16)	這里講的是通常的情況，故用usually是恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?/P>
(17)	set forth意為“闡明”；set aside意為“留出”；set up意為“建立”；set down意為“寫下”。這里用set up their own households表示“建立他們自己的家庭”。
(18)	But在這里表示轉(zhuǎn)折。根據(jù)上下文，其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)與原文意思不符。Therefore表示因果關(guān)系；In contrast和On the other hand表示對(duì)比。
(19)	根據(jù)上下文，我們可以判斷出老年人的主要問題不是經(jīng)濟(jì)問題。
(20)	neither…nor…通常一起連用，意為“(既)不……也不……”。