You may have heard about the many benefits of yoga, but a recent New York Times story, has stirred up more than a little controversy in the yoga community.
"How Yoga Can Wreck Your Body," by science writer William J. Broad, quotes a long-time yoga teacher who "...has come to believe that 'the vast majority of people' should give up yoga altogether. It's simply too likely to cause harm." He goes on to describe a number of cases where people have been injured doing yoga, including himself.
The research in the article isn't groundbreaking: doing any form of exercise you could potentially hurt yourself. If you look at the injury rates of other physical activities, the number of injuries sustained from yoga would pale in comparison.
Practicing yoga is just like anything in life: You have to push yourself in order to grow. But you also have to know your limits and when you're breaking them. If you stick to your comfort zone, you'll never be able to increase your flexibility. If you push to the point where you're not only uncomfortable, but in real pain, you'll likely injure yourself.
The reasons that yoga causes "serious injury”, according to the Times story, range from students' physical weaknesses to inexperienced teachers pushing too hard to the growing number of inflexible "urbanites who sit in chairs all day" trying hard to twist themselves into difficult postures.
Yoga is called a "practice" for a reason. You don't have to be perfect. You don't have to tackle every pose. It doesn't matter if you can touch the floor with your palms during your first forward bend or your thousandth, or if you never get there.
We go to the mat to learn to better listen to what our bodies are telling us, and to better hear that quiet inner voice drowned out by the noise of our busy lives. It's a shame to discourage the majority of people from practicing yoga and missing out on all of the mind-body benefits that going to the mat has to offer.
小題1:The underlined word is best replaced by __.
A．InjureB．BenefitC．PushD．Shape
小題2:What does author mainly want to tell us in the 3rd paragraph?
A．All physical activities are equally harmful.
B．Yoga causes much less injuries than other physical activities.
C．Similar researches have been done before.
D．Yoga, like any other form of exercise, can hurt people.
小題3:Which is not mentioned among the reasons for yoga being likely to cause injury?
A．Teachers lack the knowledge of students’ limits.
B．Modern lifestyle decreases our flexibility.
C．The body doesn’t tell when you are in real pain.
D．Students themselves might not be in good physical condition.
小題4:What is the author’s attitude towards practicing yoga?
A．It’s a shame not to practice yoga.
B．One should push the limits in order to be perfect.
C．The majority should give up yoga for it may cause harm.
D．One should enjoy the physical and mental benefit that yoga brings.

小題1:A
小題2:B
小題3:C
小題4:D

試題分析：本文提到正確對待練瑜伽會帶來的身體上的傷害。做任何運動都會受傷，而練瑜伽帶來的傷痛最小。原因有老師的也有學員自己的。但不能就此不練，練習瑜伽是要去享受瑜伽帶給緊張忙碌的現(xiàn)代人的那份傷心放松。
小題1:詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段后面的解釋可知：一個長期擔任瑜伽教練的人提到，大多數(shù)人應(yīng)該放棄練瑜伽，因為它太可能造成傷害了他本人也是傷痕累累。所以選A。
小題2:主題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段的意思（做任何形式的運動都可能造成傷害。如果你看一下體育運動受傷的比率，你會看到練瑜伽受傷的數(shù)量和其他相比顯得很蒼白。）可知：瑜伽運動造成的傷害比其他小。所以選B。
小題3:細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段的意思可知：重傷的原因有：老師經(jīng)驗不足、學生的身體不足和現(xiàn)代人久坐的生活方式。所以C是最不可能的傷害。
小題4:推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的意思可知：作者認為練瑜伽是自己的身心。使大多數(shù)人不敢去練瑜伽是很可惜的。所以選D（享受瑜伽帶來的身心舒暢）。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Air pollution is a leading cause of cancer and classified among Group 1,or top, human carcinogens (致癌物質(zhì)), said the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), which is the World Health Organization's (WHO) cancer agency, on Oct 17,2013.
The most widely used system for classifying carcinogens comes from the IARC, which places them into five groups. Group 1 carcinogens definitely cause cancer in humans. Group 2A is probably carcinogenic to humans, Group 2B is possibly carcinogenic, the carcinogenicity of Group 3 in humans is unclassifiable, and Group 4 is probably not carcinogenic to humans. Only a little more than 100 are classified as Group 1 cancer-causing substances, including ultraviolet radiation and tobacco smoke.
“Our task was to evaluate the air everyone breathes rather than focus on specific air pollutants,” the lARC's Dana Loomis said in a statement. “The results from the reviewed studies point in the same direction: the risk of developing lung cancer is significantly increased in people exposed to air pollution.”
In 2010, lung cancer resulting from air pollution killed 223,000 people worldwide, and there was also convincing evidence that it increases the risk of bladder (膀腕) cancer, according to the IARC.
Air pollution is already known to raise risks for a wide range of illnesses, including respiratory and heart diseases.
Air pollution is global, although the levels of it vary over space and time.
Loomis said people in Asia, eastern North America, some places in Central America and Mexico, as well as North Africa have relatively high exposure. Developing countries with large populations and booming manufacturing sectors, such as China, are particularly at risk.
Many cities in China, such as Beijing, frequently see smog. This week, Harbin, the capital city of Heilongjiang province, became the first Chinese city to officially suspend classes due to serious smog
Many developed countries face similar problems, although to a lesser degree than most developing nations. In Europe, levels of many pollutants have fallen. But between 91 and 96 percent of Europeans living in cities are exposed to levels of PM2.5—tiny particles with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers—that are higher than the WHO safety limits, says a report published by the European Environment Agency on Oct 15.
Although both the composition and levels of air pollution can vary dramatically from one location to the other, the 1ARC said its conclusions apply to all regions of the world.
“Given the scale of the exposure affecting people worldwide, this report should send a strong signal to the international community to take action without further delay,” said Christopher Wild, director of the IARC.
小題1:What might be the best title of the passage?
A．Signals of air pollution
B．Safety limits of air pollution
C．Air pollution, cancer risk
D．Air pollution, smog risk
小題2:What’s the main task of IARC?
A．To focus on cancer-causing substances.
B．To evaluate the air quality.
C．To study the developing risk of cancer.
D．To send signals to the international community.
小題3:Why should the international community take action without further delay?
A．The composition and levels of air pollution vary from place to place.
B．More and more people in developing countries are exposed to air pollution.
C．Developed countries face air pollution, the level of which is higher than the safety limits.
D．A large number of people worldwide are exposed to air pollution.

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New research suggests that cutting daily sitting time to less than three hours might extend your life by two years.
“Humans were designed to move. But modern lifestyles and office jobs rarely encourage us to walk around,” says Peter Katzmarzyk, an expert at the University of Louisiana.
“Sitting is common in our lives today. We sit while we’re driving, eating and watching TV. And many of us sit for many hours at work.” Katzmarzyk said.
“We can’t throw away physical activity. It’s extremely important. We have 60 years of researchers showing us that.” Katzmarzyk said.
Katzmarzyk and other researchers are trying to discover how sitting all day affext our lifespans（壽命）.
“This is a relatively new area of study…Studies that have assessed the relationship between sitting and death or television viewing and death have been very rare in the last four or five years,” said Katzmarzyk.
Katzmarzyk and his colleagues analyzed data from these studies, which involved almost 167,000 adults. Then they turned to a government-run survey of Americans to find out exactly how much time people spend sitting and watching.
Not only did the team find that U.S. citizens could live longer by sitting less, they found that cutting TV time to less than two hours a day could add an extra 1.4 years to their lives.
People who’ve spent half their waking lives sitting down might well ask, “Is it ever too late to make a change?”
“We would say ‘No. It’s never too late.’ Physical activity is good for you at every age.” Katzmarzyk said.
Katzmarzyk says studying this problem has inspired his team to make a few changes in their own lives. They recommend a few simple changes: frequently getting up from your desk, taking walks at lunch time, and instead of e-mailing colleagues, walking over to their offices and talking face-to-face——all activities that can be enjoyable as well as life-extending.
小題1:Peter Katzmarzyk seems to believe that _____.
A．we should not sit for a long time
B．most people like to sit most of the time
C．office jobs encourage us to walk a lot
D．modern lifestyles are good for our health
小題2:The underlined word “that” in paragraph 4 probably refers to _____.
A．taking physical exercise is important
B．many researches should be carried out
C．we should exercise during working hours
D．people should focus on their health at work
小題3:Why did Katzmarzyk and his colleagues turn to a government-run survey?
A．To collect information for the government
B．To know how long people sit and watch TV
C．To find what citizens do in their spare time’
D．To discover how sitting for long affects their lives
小題4:The best title of the text would be _____.
A．What Is the Healthiest Lifestyle？
B．Sitting for a Long Time Is Bad for Us
C．Study Suggests Sitting Less Can Extend Life
D．It Is Never Too Late to Change Our Way of Life

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Health experts are calling for action to increase cancer care and control in the developing world. A medical research paper says cancer was once thought of as a problem mostly in the developed world. But now cancer is a leading cause of death and disability in poor countries as well. Experts from Harvard University and other organizations urge the international community to fight cancer actively, saying it should be fought in the way HIV/AIDS has been fought in Africa.
Cancer kills more than 7.5 million people a year worldwide. Almost two-thirds are in low-income and middle-income countries.
They discover cancer kills more people in developing countries than AIDS, tuberculosis (肺結(jié)核) and malaria (瘧疾) combined. But the world spends only 5% of its cancer resources in those countries.
Felicia Knaul from Harvard Medical School was one of the writers of the paper. She was in Mexico when she was found to have breast cancer. She received treatment there and her experience showed her the sharp difference between the rich and the poor in treating breast cancer.
Felicia Knaul says, “And we are seeing how this is attacking young women. It’s the number two cause of death in Mexico for women thirty to fifty-four. All over the developing world, it’s the number one cancer-related death among young women. I think we have to again say that there is much more we could do about it than we are doing about it.”
Professor Knalul met community health workers during her work in developing countries. They were an important part of efforts to reduce deaths from the cancer. They were able to persuade people to get tested to prevent the illness. The experts say cancer care does not have to be costly. For example, patients can be treated with lower-cost drugs.
小題1:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Cancer – a leading cause of death in poor countries
B．What should we do in preventing and treating cancer?
C．What makes the first killer in developing countries?
D．Experts urge more efforts to fight cancer.
小題2:Felicia Knaul’s experience in Mexico shows that       .
A．many Mexican women suffer from breast cancer
B．there is not enough medicine for cancer there
C．many Mexican women can’t afford medical care
D．patients with breast cancer are treated differently
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A．breast cancer is a great threat to young women
B．people don’t pay enough attention to breast cancer
C．breast cancer is the second killer among women in Mexico
D．patients can be treated effectively in developing countries
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A．The cancer patients. B．The health experts.
C．Community health workers.D．Young women.
小題5:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The number of cancer cases is decreasing.
B．HIV/AIDS is not being taken seriously in Africa.
C．Over 7.5 million people die of cancer every year.
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Smaller than your fist, your healthy heart just goes on and on. It will beat more than 60 times a minute for 70 years or more. That’s something that most of us take for granted. But it’s an amazing fact.
60 times a minute for 60 minutes is 3,600 times. What physical thing can most of us do 3,600 times in one hour? Blink? Maybe. Tap our fingers on the desk? No. Jump up and down? Certainly not! But our heart keeps beating, hour after hour. Every day, it pumps almost 2,000 gallons of blood through our blood vessels(血管). It takes you about five years to drink 2,000 gallons of water.
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Like accidental deaths, many heart disease-related deaths can be avoided if people simply follow the advice of the experts. Unfortunately, most people seem to listen to a little voice in their head that says, “It won’t happen to me. ” So these people keep on smoking and drinking. They continue to eat too much meat. And their only “exercise” is getting off the sofa to get something out of the fridge. Please follow the following steps to keep your heart healthy.
小題1:The text is most probably taken from a (an) __________.
A．a(chǎn)rt bookB．science fiction
C．healthy magazine D．psychology book
小題2:Which of the following physical activities can keep going on and on?
A．Blink.B．Jump.C．Finger tap.D．Heart beat.
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A．Accidents can be the biggest “killer” in America every year.
B．In America, heart disease causes the highest death rate annually.
C．Cancer causes more threat than any other diseases for Americans.
D．Recently, nobody died of stroke or heart disease in America.
小題4:What do we know about our healthy hearts?
A．our healthy hearts work with many complains as our knees.
B．our healthy hearts can pump 3,600 gallons of blood everyday.
C．our healthy hearts are smaller than our fists.
D．our healthy hearts can beat 60 times in one hour.
小題5: What do you think the next paragraph is about?
A．Some tips for keeping a healthy heart.
B．Some suggestions for avoiding accidental deaths.
C．Some reasons for doing regular exercise.
D．Some exercise for keeping a healthy lifestyle.

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Are you having too much salt? You might not think so, but people in China eat on average (平均) about 12 grams of salt each day, that is much higher than the 6 grams suggested by the World Health Organization. You could be eating too much without realizing it, because about 75% of the salt we eat is already in the food we buy, such as bread, sauces, soups and sausages.
What problems can eating too much salt cause? To answer that question, first let’s take a look at what salt is.
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But past studies have found that people who eat more salt than they need tend to have high blood pressure. Eating too much salt has also been connected with other conditions, such as heart and kidney (腎) problems.
If you want to cut down on salt, the good news is, there are plenty of simple things to do. Here are some tips:
*Cut back on high salt foods.
Most foods contain some salt. But some foods such as cheese, bacon, pickles (泡菜), smoked fish and chips are almost always high in salt because of the way they are made. You can still enjoy them, but try to have these in smaller amounts, or eat them less often.
*Choose reduced salt bread and breakfast cereals.
Bread and breakfast cereals (谷物) are major source of salt in the diet, not that they’re necessarily high in salt but because we eat a lot of them. For these foods, there can be a really big difference between different types and brands. So next time you’re shopping, take the time to compare the salt levels on a few similar products. And always try to choose the ones lower in salt.
*Avoid adding salt to cooking and at table. Instead, you could use herbs and spices (香料) such as garlic (大蒜) and lemon juice to add flavor to meals.
小題1:Many people in China don’t realize they are eating too much salt because ______.
A．salty food tasted better than reduced salt food
B．they do not calculate the amount of salt they eat
C．a(chǎn)bout 3/4 of the salt we eat is already in the food we buy
D．few people experience problems from eating too much salt
小題2: For a healthier life, the author’s suggestion is to ________.
A．cut back on food with less salt
B．eat less heavily salted food
C．eat as much reduced salt bread as is wanted
D．stop eating bread and breakfast cereals
小題3:What is the purpose of the article?
A．To warn people of food containing too much salt.
B．To inform people of the right amount of salt taken each day.
C．To advise people to be careful about the amount of salt they eat.
D．To promote (促進) the right way to make reduced salt food.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Every hour spent in watching TV, DVDs and videos as an adult reduces lifespan by almost 22 minutes, a study suggests. And viewing TV for an average of six hours a day can cut short your life by five years.
The research shows that a sedentary（久坐的） lifestyle is as bad for health as smoking and obesity, because of the dangers caused by inactivity and the greater opportunities it offers for unhealthy eating.
The researchers set out to calculate the overall risk to lifespan from watching television. Their research involved more than 11,000 people over the age of 25.
Writing in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, they concluded. "TV viewing time may be connected with a loss of life, which is similar to other major chronic disease risk factors such as physical inactivity and obesity."
The researchers, from the University of Queensland, used information from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study, together with population and death rate data.
But they said: "Although we used Australian data, the effects in other industrialized and developing countries are likely to be similar, considering the large amounts of time spent watching TV and similarities in disease patterns." In the United Kingdom, the average amount of time spent watching TV is four hours a day, compared with five hours in the United States.
Earlier this year, a separate study suggested the risk of developing diabetes and heart disease, or dying early, rises by as much as 20 percent after just two hours a day in front of the box.
England's Chief Medical Officer, Sally Davies, said: "Physical activity offers huge benefits and these studies back what we already know - that a sedentary lifestyle carries additional risks. We hope these studies will help more people realize that there are many ways to get exercise."
小題1:We can learn from the passage that       .
A．whether you watch TV or not has nothing to do with how long you will live
B．if an adult watches TV for six hours every day, he will probably die five years earlier
C．physical inactivity and obesity won't shorten your life
D．a(chǎn) sedentary lifestyle offers huge benefits.
小題2:The passage implies that _______.
A．The longer one watches TV every day, the shorter he lives.
B．The conclusion of the study is unbelievable because it's based on Australian data.
C．Watching TV does greater harm to health than smoking and obesity
D．Watching TV harms children as much as adults.
小題3:What do we know from the last three paragraphs?
A．People in the United Kingdom watch TV longer than those in the United States.
B．That a sedentary lifestyle carries additional risks isn't supported by other studies.
C．Watching TV for two hours a day will increase the risk of illnesses or dying early by 20%.
D．Australian data is much different from that of other countries.
小題4:The passage is intended to _______.
A．inform the readers of a research on watching TV
B．tell the readers large amounts of people often watch TV
C．tell the readers watching TV is also a good way to relax
D．warn the readers of the harm of watching TV and hope that they do sports

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain. Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice. To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.
The present Road Traffic Ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration (濃度) is:
● 50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of blood ;or
● 22 micrograms of alcohol per 100ml of breath ;or
● 67 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of urine(尿液)
Drivers who cause traffic accidents, or who commit a moving traffic offence(罪) or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested.
Any drive found drinking beyond the limit will be charged. The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK﹩25,000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison and punished for 10 driving-offence points; or temporarily banned from driving.
The same punishment applies to failing to provide specimens (樣本) for breath, blood or urine tests without good excuse.
Drink driving is a criminal offence. Be a responsible driver, think before you drink. For the safety of yourself and other road users, never drive after consuming alcohol.
小題1:The first paragraph is mainly about_____________.
A．the introductions of driving skillsB．the damage of drinking to your body
C．the effect of drinking on drivingD．the process of alcohol being absorbed
小題2: The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “________”.
A．a(chǎn)lcoholB．a(chǎn)bsorptionC．bloodD．process
小題3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Drinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving
B．Alcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice.
C．Having a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body.
D．50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of breath is below the drink limit
小題4:A driver suspected of drink driving_________.
A．should provide specimens for testing.
B．will be forbidden to drive for 3 years
C．will be punished for 10 driving-offence points
D．should pay a maximum fine of HK＄25,000

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Europe’s deadly outbreak of a rare form of E. coli bacteria (大腸桿菌) has brought new attention to food safety issues. One of the problems when people get sick from food is that the simplest question is often difficult or even impossible to answer. Just what did the people eat that made them sick?
Of course, one way to avoid these medical mysteries is to keep dangerous organisms out of the food supply. This is easier said than done, but scientists keep looking for new ways.
Scientists in the United States have developed an experimental system that uses a high-tech optical scanner. The system is designed to identify the presence of contaminants(致污物) like soil or animal waste on fresh produce. These can be sources of E. coli. E. coli bacteria naturally live in the intestines(腸) of humans and many animals. Most kinds of E. coli are harmless but some can make people sick.
The new scanner can also show damage and imperfections that might make the produce unappealing to shoppers.
Scientists designed the system at a Department of Agriculture research center in Beltsville, Maryland. Moon Kim of the Agricultural Research Service led the team.
MOON KIM: “We were requested, we were asked, to develop a method to detect contamination in produce. So we started with the apple as the model sample.”
The scanner uses a high-speed camera placed over the conveyer belt that moves the produce along. As the apples move along the belt, the scanner captures images of each piece of fruit.
Moon Kim says the team hopes the system will be available before long.
MOON KIM: “We are targeting for development in commercial plants for the next several years.”
The scanner can direct a sorting machine to separate the bad apples from the good ones. The system is currently able to show the surface of only half the apple as it speeds by. The inventers hope to improve the process so it can show the whole surface.
小題1:What is the main topic of the text?
A．Bacteria. B．A high-tech scanner.C．A camera D．Food safety.
小題2:E. coli bacteria ______.
A．broke out all over the world B．comes from soil or animal waste
C．is extremely harmful to health D．does not cause illness
小題3:The high-tech scanner ______.
A．can help to sort out different fruits
B．make the produce appeal to shoppers
C．can only capture images of the whole apple
D．can identify the presence of contaminants
小題4:What can be inferred from the text?
A．The scanner needs to be improved.
B．The scanner will be available in the next several years.
C．Moon Kim is unwilling to develop the scanner.
D．The scanner is connected to a sorting machine.

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