We do not know when man first began to use salt, but we do know that it has been used in many different ways throughout history. Historical evidence shows, for example, that people who lived over 3,000 years ago ate salted fish. Thousands of years ago in Egypt, salt was used to preserve (保存) the dead.
Stealing salt was considered a major crime (罪行) during some periods of history. In the eighteenth century, for example, if a person was caught stealing salt, he could be put in prison and his ears could be cut off.
In the Roman Empire, one of the most important roads was the one that carried salt from the salt mines to Rome. Guards were stationed along the route to protect against salt thieves, and they received their pay in salt, thus bringing the English word, salary. Any guard who fell asleep while on duty was thought to be “not worth his salt”, and as a result he would get a little less salt on his next payday. The expression, “not worth his salt”, is still used today in English.
In the modern world salt has many uses beyond the dining table. It is used in making glass and airplane parts, in the growing of crops, and in the killing of weeds (雜草). It is also used to make water soft, to melt (融化) ice on roads and highways, to make soap, and to fix colors in cloth.
Salt can be got in various ways besides being taken from mines underground. Salt water from the ocean, salt water lakes or small seas can be used to make salt. Yet, no matter where it comes from, salt will continue to play an important role in the lives of people everywhere.
小題1:According to the text, salt can be used in the following EXCEPT _____.
A.keeping dead bodies
B.punishing thieves
C.protecting crops
D.making industrial products
小題2:In the Roman Empire many people were employed as guards to _____.
A.protect the city of Rome
B.watch people carrying salt
C.prevent thieves from stealing salt
D.carry salt from the mines to Rome
小題3:The expression “not worth his salt” used today refers to the one who _____.
A.fails to do his work well
B.should not be paid in salt
C.doesn’t want to work at all
D.should use less salt
小題4:The main purpose of the text is to tell readers _____.
A.how salt was found and got
B.salt is important in people’s life
C.salt was difficult to get in the past
D.what salt brings to the English language

小題1:B
小題2:C
小題3:A
小題4:B

試題分析:本文主要講述了在人類歷史上鹽的重要作用。
小題1:B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段salt was used to preserve (保存) the dead. 可知A正確。倒數(shù)第二段. It is used in making glass and airplane parts, in the growing of crops可知CD正確。只有B項(xiàng)文章中沒有提及是鹽的用途。故B符合要求。
小題2:C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段第2行Guards were stationed along the route to protect against salt thieves,可知很多士兵被安排在大路的兩邊保護(hù)這些鹽。故C正確。
小題3:A 推理題。根據(jù)文章第三段Any guard who fell asleep while on duty was thought to be “not worth his salt”, and as a result he would get a little less salt on his next payday. The expression, “not worth his salt”, is still used today in English.可知該短語是指這些人的工作沒有做好。故A正確。
小題4:B 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段可知在我們的生活中鹽扮演著很重要的作用。故B正確。
點(diǎn)評(píng):本文主要講述了在人類歷史上鹽的重要作用。本文考查細(xì)節(jié)題為主,細(xì)節(jié)題可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關(guān)的信息?或是其變體。搜查信息在閱讀中非常重要它包括理解作者在敘述某事時(shí)使用的具體事實(shí)、數(shù)據(jù)、圖表等細(xì)節(jié)信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開的細(xì)節(jié)。做這類題一般采用尋讀法?即先讀題,然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文,找出與問題有關(guān)的詞語或句子,再對(duì)相關(guān)部分進(jìn)行分析對(duì)比,找出答案。
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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

To be sure, only children experienced some things differently from those with sisters and brothers. Many feel more pressure to succeed. In the absence of brothers and sisters, only children also tend to look more exclusively to their parents as role models.
In India, 10-year-old Saviraj Sankpal founded a support group for the tiny minority of only children. Among other things, the group does volunteer work to counter the myth that they are not responsible. “People think we’re treated too kindly and ruined,” says Sankpal, a computer engineering student. “But I’d like to remind them how lonely it can get.”
Most only children, however, say they wish for sisters or brothers only when it comes to caring for aging, unhealthy parents. Britain’s David Emerson, coauthor of the book The Only Child, says that such a person bears a terrible burden in having to make all the decisions alone. Emerson knows from experience: After his father died, he chose to move his elderly mother from their family home, where she was vulnerable(易受攻擊的) to house breakers, to a new one with more security. “The move was quite hard on her, and she might feel that I pushed her into it,” he says. “After all, I am left with that responsibility.”
In the future, more and more only children will likely face similar choices. With working mothers increasingly the rule, many families are finding they simply don’t have the time, money or energy to have more than one child. As only children become common, perhaps the world will realize that the charge made against them is unjust.
小題1:It can be inferred from the passage that the author’s attitude towards only children is    
A.critical B.objectiveC.hostileD.unjust
小題2:It can be inferred from the passage that only children’s parents should    .
A.find a support group for their only children
B.do volunteer work to help their only children
C.let their only children make all the decision alone
D.set good examples for their only children
小題3:Emerson decided to move his elderly mother to a new house because he    .
A.is the only one who cares about her
B.doesn’t want to leave her alone
C.wants to share the responsibility with her
D.is worried about her safety
小題4:It is quite usual now for a working mother to    .
A.spend all her time and money on her only child
B.be responsible for bringing up her only child
C.have and bring up only one child
D.devote all her energy to her job

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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

My mind went blank when I saw the gun pointing against the car window as we pulled out of the garage. This can’t be happening to me. Then I felt the gun, cold, against my head, and I heard my friend Jeremy saying, “What do you want? Take my wallet,” but at the time I thought of nothing.
I remember being a little annoyed when the gunman pulled me from the car by the hair. I remember the walk to the house --- Jeremy, me, the two men with two guns. I remember the fear and anger in the gunmen’s voices because Jeremy was being slow, and I remember wondering why he was being slow. I did not realize that Jeremy had thrown the keys into the bush. But I remember that sound of the gun hitting Jeremy’s head and the feeling as the man who had hold of my hair released me. And I remember the split second when I realized he was looking at Jeremy, and I remember wondering how far I could run before he pulled the trigger. But I was already running, and upon reaching the car across the street, I didn’t crouch(蹲伏) behind it but screamed instead.
I remember thinking there was something ridiculous and illogical about screaming “Help, help!” at eight o’clock on a Tuesday evening in December and changing my plea(懇求) to the more specific “Help, let me in, please let me in!” But the houses were cold, closed, unfriendly, and I ran on until I heard Jeremy’s screams behind me announcing that our attackers had fled.
The neighbors who had not opened their doors to us came out with baseball bats and helped Jeremy find his glasses and keys. In a group they were very brave. We waited for the police to come until someone said to someone else that the noodles were getting cold, and I said politely, “Please go and eat. We’re O.K.”
I was happy to see them go. They had been talking of stricter sentences for criminals, of bringing back the death penalty(處罰) and how the President is going to clean up the country. I was thinking, they could be saying all of this over my dead body, and I still feel that stiffer sentences wouldn’t change a thing. In a rush all the anger I should have felt for my attackers was directed against these contented people standing in front of their warm, comfortable homes talking about all the guns they were going to buy. What good would guns have been to Jeremy and me?
People all over the neighborhood had called to report our screams, and the police turned out in force twenty minutes later. They were ill-tempered about what was, to them, much trouble about nothing. After all, Jeremy was hardly hurt, and we were hopeless when it came to describing the gunmen. “Typical,” said one policeman when we couldn’t even agree on how tall the men were. Both of us were able to describe the guns in horrifying detail, but the two policemen who stayed to make the report didn’t think that would be much help.
The policemen were matter-of-fact about the whole thing. The thin one said, “That was a stupid thing to do, throwing away the keys. When a man has a gun against your head you do what you’re told.” Jeremy looked properly embarrassed.
Then the fat policeman came up and the thin one went to look around the outside of the house. “That was the best thing you could have done, throwing away the keys,” he said. “If you had gone into the house with them…” His voice became weaker. “They would have hurt her” --- he twisted his head toward me – “and killed you both.” Jeremy looked happier. “Look,” said the fat policeman kindly, “there’s no right or wrong in the situation. There’s just luck.”
All that sleepless night I replayed the moment those black gloves came up to the car window. How long did the whole thing last? Three minutes, five, eight? No matter how many hours of my life I may spend reliving it, I know there is no way to prepare for the next time --- no intelligent response to a gun. The fat cop was right. There’s only luck. The next time I might end up dead.
And I’m sure there will be a next time. It can happen anywhere, anytime, to anyone. Security is an illusion(幻覺); there is no safety in locks or in guns. Guns make some people feel safe and some people feel strong, but they’re fooling themselves.
小題1:When the writer saw the gun pointing against the car window, ______.
A.she felt very annoyedB.she lost consciousness
C.she felt very much nervousD.she lost the power of thinking
小題2:What most possibly drove the two gunmen away?
A.Jeremy’s fightingB.The author’s screaming
C.Their neighbour’s brave actionD.The police’s arrival
小題3:When the author called for help, the neighbors didn’t come out immediately because ______
A.they were much too frightened
B.they were busy preparing dinners
C.they needed time to find baseball bats
D.they thought someone was playing a trick
小題4:The author was happy to see the neighbors go because ______.
A.she hated to listen to their empty talk
B.she did not want to become an object of pity
C.she was angered by their being late to come to her help
D.she wanted to be left alone with Jeremy to get over the shock
小題5:The police were rather angry because ______.
A.the author was not hurt and gave a false alarm
B.they thought it was a case of little importance
C.the author and Jeremy could not tell the police anything
D.the gunmen had already fled when they arrived on the scene
小題6:What the author wants to tell us is that______.
A.neighbors are not helpful in moments of difficulty
B.the police are not reliable when one is in trouble
C.security is impossible as long as people can have guns
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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

August was one of the nastiest months I can remember: torrential rain; a hailstorm or two; cold, bitter winds; and mists. But we are accustomed to such weather in England. Lord Byron used to say that an English summer begins on July 31 and ends on Aug. 1. He called 1816 "the year without a summer." He spent it gazing across Lake Geneva, watching the storms, with 18-year-old Mary Shelley. The lightening flickering across the lake inspired her Frankenstein, the tale of the man-made monster galvanized into life by electricity.
This summer's atrocious weather tempted me to tease a Green whom I know. "Well, what about your weather theory now?" (One of the characteristics of Greens is that they know no history.) He replied: "Yes, this weather is unprecedented. England has never had such an August before. It's global warming, of course." That's the Greens' stock response to anything weather-related. Too much sun? "Global warming." Too little sun? "Global warming." Drought? "Global warming." Floods? "Global warming." Freezing cold? "Global warming."
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A.one of the “Greens”
B.a(chǎn)n American
C.not quite a believer in Global Warming
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小題3:Sir Arthur Eddington could be inferred as a ______.
A.politicianB.poetC.GreenpeacerD.physicist
小題4:“denounce”  in the third paragraph can be replaced by ______.
A.a(chǎn)nnounceB.pronounce
C.speak out forD.speak out against
小題5: Which of the following is probably a good title for this article?
A.Why Einstein’s Theory Stands the Tests.
B.Which Country the “Greens” Are Attacking?
C.Global Warming? I See Little Point.
D.The Climate in England and beyond.

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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity, others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self – worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life – and – death affairs. In their single – minded pursuit (追求) of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
 However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self – respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (緩解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.
小題1:What does this passage mainly talk about?
A.Competition helps to set up self – respect.
B.Competition is harmful to personal quality development.
C.Opinions about competition are different among people.
D.Failures are necessary experiences in competition
小題2:Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?
A.It improves personal abilities.B.It builds up a sense of duty.
C.It pushes society forward.D.It encourages individual efforts.
小題3:The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means ___________.
A.those who try their best to win
B.those who value competition most highly
C.those who rely on others most for success
D.those who are against competition most strongly.
小題4:Which point of view may the author agree to?
A.Fear of failure should be removed in competition.
B.Competition should be encouraged.
C.Winning should be a life – and – death matter.
D.Every effort should be paid back.

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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

When it comes to human resources, hiring highly-skilled staff is not usually enough for a company to function successfully. Besides the knowledge in their particular fields, employees must always have additional skills-----those of co-operation. In the case that work tasks can only be carried out by communicating with people, accepting common decisions, solving problems, sharing information and helping one another, teamwork skills are important.
While some jobs may require talent, the ability to work as a team is learned. There are no complicated formulas(規(guī)則); you don't need to have any special qualities or exceptional mental abilities. Individuals can be effective as a team if they have developed certain behaviors or habits of communication. Many companies, clubs and organizations use team building activities. Team building activities may include a number of teamwork elements. They are aimed at encouraging active participation in task accomplishment while all members have their roles as individuals and are able to co-operate towards a common goal as a team.
Many team building activities focus on problem solving and discussing team issues; thus argument as a way to common consensus (共識(shí)) is encouraged. Team building activities often involve recognition and identification of team member skills, talents, knowledge, and experiences which allow the team members to learn more about each other and fully utilize (利用) those skills where appropriate(合適的). Many team activities are focused on developing keys to trust during challenging times.
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A.Specialized knowledge.B.Highly-skilled staff.
C.Exceptional talent.D.Teamwork skills.
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A.require special qualities and abilities
B.a(chǎn)re learned while working in a team
C.need exceptional mental abilities
D.a(chǎn)re quite complicated to learn
小題3:Team building activities are good for______.
A.hiring employees with special talent
B.encouraging employees to co-operate
C.helping employees work independently
D.training employees in their special fields
小題4:What is the best title of the passage?
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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

More than 20 million kids in the United States live with one parent. Separation and divorce are the most common reasons for this. In other cases, the mom and dad may never have lived together, or one of them may have died.
Living with one parent instead of two can bring about a lot of emotions. These feelings can be pretty strong, and they can be confusing, too. You might feel terribly sad and angry because your parents divorced.
Single parents are often working parents because someone needs to earn money to buy food, clothing, and a place to live in. Having a job means your mom or dad is able to provide these things and more for you. People work for other reasons, too. A job can let a person use his or her special talents and skills. A job can be important because it helps people in the community.
But even though you might understand why your mom or dad has to work, sometimes it can be hard to accept. This can be especially true during the summer or school vacations. You’re home, they’re gone, and the days can seem really long.
It can be tough when you don’t have enough time with your dad or mom. When you live with one parent, that person really has to do the work of two people. Besides a job, your mom or dad is responsible for caring for the kids, the house, the yard, the car and the pets. So what can you do ?
One of the best ways is to hold a family meeting. Talk about everyone’s schedule for work, school, and activities. You can also talk about what jobs around the house need to be done every day. You might want to help your parent cook dinner sometimes. That can be both fun and helpful to your parent. Maybe you can also schedule a weekly game or a movie at night.
小題1:What are the main reasons for kids’ living with one parent?
A.Separation and divorce.B.A lot of emotions.
C.Working and caring for the kids.D.Working parents.
小題2:Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A.Some kids live with one parent for the other’s death.
B.Living with one parent can cause a lot of emotions.
C.Working means a mom or dad is able to provide things for their kids.
D.Kids can also talk about what jobs in their school can be done at a family meeting.
小題3:It can be inferred from the underlined sentence (in Paragraph 4 ) that ______
A.the kid in the company of friends does want help
B.the kid who plays with both parents does need their love
C.the kid lacks both parents’ love does feel lonely
D.the kid who understands parents’ work does be helpful
小題4:What is the best title for the passage?
A.Living with a single parentB.Single parents and work
C.How to work with a single parentD.Schedules for work

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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Divorces in Japan have more than doubled, according to health ministry statistics. One in three Japanese marriages now ends in divorce.
Atsuko Okano was in one of those failed marriages. Three years ago, she found herself alone in her 30s, with children to raise and a future full of question marks and social shame. But she also saw an opening, and became an advisor helping people like herself.
“My husband was cheating on me,” she recalled. ‘I did everything to bring him back to me but it didn’t work, so I dumped him.” Such frankness is a major characteristic of Japan’s recently divorced.
Divorced people – particularly woman – have long been looked down upon in Japan, where self-sacrifice and family stability are regarded as ideals. In the past, bored housewives remained bored. The security of the family unit was the most important thing. Now, young Japanese are increasingly choosing satisfaction in life over the demands of tradition, and more woman are financially independent. As a result, Japanese divorce rates are flying. Experts attribute this to the erosion of a long-standing double standard that granted divorced men respectability, but branded(gave somebody a bad name) divorced women as damaged goods.
Over the past decade, growing numbers of highly educated and successful professional women have challenged that assumption(something taken for granted) by turning their backs on unhappy marriages and paying no attention to the taboo(禁忌)of divorce. The majority of divorce behavior now is started by women.
小題1:This passage mainly talks about the fact that nowadays Japanese women _________.
A.a(chǎn)re granted respectability after they get divorced
B.a(chǎn)re becoming brave enough to challenge the taboo of divorce
C.still consider the security of the family unit to be very important
D.a(chǎn)re becoming more financially independent
小題2:It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that Atsuko Okano __________.
A.had some children to raise
B.was very confident with her future
C.was not greatly respected by Japanese society
D.might have found a job to help divorced people
小題3:The underlined word “dumped” in paragraph 3 probably means _________.
A.looked down upon
B.had a quarrel with
C.hated
D.divorced
小題4:Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the reason for rising rate of Japanese divorces?
A.Self-sacrifice and family stability are not much appreciated in Japan as before.
B.More women can support themselves financially.
C.Divorced men and women can quickly find their new partners
D.Young Japanese care more about satisfaction in life than their elders did.

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科目:高中英語 來源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

The United States has about 475,000 school buses ---all painted yellow.Each day they carry more than 25,000,000 children, half of all schoolchildren in the country.But these buses, on average, use four liters of diesel (柴油) fuel to travel less than sixteen kilometers.When the school year began last fall, diesel averaged 55 cents a liter nationally.The price nearly doubled, to a dollar and 8 cents, by the end of school in June.
Bob Riley speaks for the American School Bus Council.He says fuel prices for schools are not much lower than others have to pay.As a result, schools are looking for ways to reduce transportation costs.Bus routes are being redrawn or, in some cases, canceled (取消).Some areas are buying buses that use natural gas or other alternative fuels.Other steps include fewer field trips and less travel by sports teams.And some school districts (地區(qū)) may end any bus service not required by law.
Studies show that school buses are the safest form of transportation to and from school.The American School Bus Council says cuts in bus service are bad for children and possibly the environment.It says removing buses from the road will mean an increase in other vehicles transporting students.Spokesman Bob Riley says another concern is that reducing bus services might reduce attendance.
But it could also get more children to walk or bicycle to school.And that would surely make people happy at the National Center for Safe Routes to School.More kids walking or biking safely to school is the aim of a three-year-old federal program, part of an international movement.The goal is to increase physical activity and reduce air pollution.The United States will celebrate Walk to School Day on October the eighth this year.But for some students, high fuel prices could make every day a walk-to-school day.
小題1:What does this passage mainly tell us?
A.High fuel prices’ influences on school buses.
B.New measures to transport school students.
C.The safest form of student transportation.
D.The origin of Walk to School Day.
小題2:Which of the following information is implied in the first paragraph?
A.There are too many school buses in the United States.
B.There are too many students in the US.
C.Diesel prices are going up too rapidly in the US.
D.School buses consume too much diesel in the US.
小題3:What can we learn from Paragraph 3?
A.Cuts in bus service will have negative results.
B.The US government is encouraging cuts in bus services.
C.The US schools are searching for the safest transportation means.
D.Reducing bus service will do a lot of good to the environment.
小題4:The National Center for Safe Routes to school encourages more children to walk or bike to school in order to ____.
A.save more fuels and diesel for the country
B.keep the children safe on their way to school
D.keep the children healthy and the environment clean.

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