Starting in l972，the National Park Service established a policy for forest fires calle Natural Burn．It was acknowledged that some forest fires，such as those caused by lightning were necessary for forests to maintain balanced ecosystems，so the fire should be allowed to burn．However, a big fire in Yellowstone National Park in l988 caused this policy to be abandoned since the fire was initially allowed to burn yet soon out of control．As a result，the fire of l988 destroyed much of Yellowstone，which is America’s oldest and most beloved national park．Massive areas of plants were destroyed，and large empty spaces and acres of burned and blackened trees greeted visitors．The rivers and streams were choked with ash，and the ecosystem of the park was changed beyond repair.
In addition，great numbers of animals were killed by the fires that bumed out of control. The fires were driven by high winds，moving as many as ten miles a day．Many small animals died in the flames．The fires’ rapid advances gave the wildlife little chance to escape. Even today，few of these small forest animals have returned to live in the park. In the years immediately following the fires，the numbers of visitors declined rapidly．No one was interested in seeing a blackened and treeless park on vacation．Yellowstone had previously been famous for its amazing views and unique geological formations such as the geyser Old Faithful. But now its reputation as America's wonder is damaged permanently.
小題1:Natural Burn was adopted because some forest fires were        
A．hard to put out
B．started by lightning
C．good for the balance of nature
D．a(chǎn)pproved by National Park Service
小題2:The big fire in Yellowstone in 1988         ．
A．became out of control at first
B．destroyed the park completely
C．was allowed to burn continuously
D．brought the natural burn policy to an end
小題3:Why were so many animals killed in the big fire?
A．Because winds were blown from high places．
B．Because the animals moved only ten miles a day．
C．Because the animals lived in lower places．
D．Because strong winds contributed to the fire a lot．
小題4:Yellowstone was famous for its        ．
A．rare animalsB．unique plantsC．beautiful sceneryD．little streams
小題5:The text probably comes from   ．
A．a(chǎn) science fiction B．a(chǎn) news report
C．a(chǎn) commercial adD．a(chǎn) geography magazine

小題1:C
小題2:D
小題3:D
小題4:C
小題5:D

試題分析:從1972年以來國家公園管理局頒布了一項(xiàng)政策：對(duì)于由閃電引起的自然火災(zāi)采取放任態(tài)度，認(rèn)為這有助于自然平衡。但是1988年黃石自然公園的大火發(fā)生后，這項(xiàng)制度被廢除了，因?yàn)榛馂?zāi)會(huì)帶來巨大的損失。
小題1:C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章首段such as those caused by lightning were necessary for forests to maintain balanced ecosystems，可知在過去人們認(rèn)為自然火災(zāi)會(huì)對(duì)生態(tài)平衡有益，答案選C。
小題2:D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中However, a big fire in Yellowstone National Park in l988 caused this policy to be abandoned可知黃石火災(zāi)的發(fā)生結(jié)束了這一制度，故D選項(xiàng)正確。
小題3:D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中The fires were driven by high winds，moving as many as ten miles a day．Many small animals died in the flames．可以判斷因?yàn)榇箫L(fēng)助長(zhǎng)了火勢(shì)，很多動(dòng)物來不及逃走就被燒死了，所以選D。
小題4:C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章第二段Yellowstone had previously been famous for its amazing views and unique geological formations such as the geyser Old Faithful.可知黃石公園因?yàn)樽匀伙L(fēng)光而聞名，答案選C。
小題5:本文介紹的是自然火災(zāi)對(duì)于森林的影響，屬于自然地理范疇，由此判斷文章應(yīng)選自地理雜志，所以答案選D。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

(2013·高考天津卷，D)When asked about happiness，we usually think of something extraordinary，an absolute delight，which seems to get rarer the older we get.
For kids，happiness has a magical quality.Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved (毫不掩飾的)．
In the teenage years the concept of happiness changes.Suddenly it’s conditional on such things as excitement，love and popularity.I can still recall the excitement of being invited to dance with the most attractive boy at the school party.
In adulthood the things that bring deep joy－love，marriage，birth－also bring responsibility and the risk of loss.For adults，happiness is complicated (復(fù)雜的)．
My definition of happiness is “the capacity for enjoyment”．The more we can enjoy what we have，the happier we are.It’s easy to overlook the pleasure we get from the company of friends，the freedom to live where we please，and even good health.
I experienced my little moments of pleasure yesterday.First I was overjoyed when I shut the last lunch­box and had the house to myself.Then I spent an uninterrupted morning writing，which I love.When the kids and my husband came home，I enjoyed their noise after the quiet of the day.
Psychologists tell us that to be happy we need a mix of enjoyable leisure time and satisfying work.I don’t think that my grandmother，who raised 14 children，had much of either.She did have a network of close friends and family，and maybe this is what satisfied her.
We，however，with so many choices and such pressure to succeed in every area，have turned happiness into one more thing we’ve got to have.We’re so self­conscious about our “right” to it that it’s making us miserable.So we chase it and equal it with wealth and success，without noticing that the people who have those things aren’t necessarily happier.
Happiness isn’t about what happens to us－it’s about how we see what happens to us.It’s the skillful way of finding a positive for every negative.It’s not wishing for what we don’t have，but enjoying what we do possess.
小題1:As people grow older，they________.
A．feel it harder to experience happiness
B．a(chǎn)ssociate their happiness less with others
C．will take fewer risks in pursuing happiness
D．tend to believe responsibility means happiness
小題2:What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 5 and 6?
A．She cares little about her own health.
B．She enjoys the freedom of traveling.
C．She is easily pleased by things in daily life.
D．She prefers getting pleasure from housework.
小題3:What can be inferred from Paragraph 7?
A．Psychologists think satisfying work is key to happiness.
B．Psychologists’ opinion is well proved by Grandma’ case.
C．Grandma often found time for social gatherings.
D．Grandma’s happiness came from modest expectations of life.
小題4:People who equal happiness with wealth and success________.
A．consider pressure something blocking their way
B．stress their right to happiness too much
C．a(chǎn)re at a loss to make correct choices
D．a(chǎn)re more likely to be happy
小題5:What can be concluded from the passage?
A．Happiness lies between the positive and the negative.
B．Each man is the master of his own fate.
C．Success leads to happiness.
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Being in an unfamiliar school can be frightening. If you start a new school, you'll have to worry about making friends. Here are some simple tips which help you make new friends more easily.
·Try speaking to the students you're sitting next to in class. As they're close by, it is easy to chat to them first.
·Try to speak to everyone in your class. You will study here for three years, so it helps if you get along well with them.
·If you don't have many friends in your class, try and make new friends in your neighbor classes. You can also chat to them at lunchtimes and after school.
·Join a lunchtime or afterschool club. You'll get to meet kids of all years that way.
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A．interestingB．excitingC．uncomfortableD．boring
小題2:What is the purpose of the passage?
A．To explain how to make new friends easily.
B．To show how to be used to new school life．
C．To encourage people to make new friends.
D．To introduce how to live in a new school.
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A．try to study well to be popular with the classmates
B．try all your best to help your new classmates
C．sit close to a familiar classmate in the classroom
D．catch every opportunity to communicate with others
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A．smile while talking with themB．watch and listen to them carefully
C．be friendly and open to themD．make use of your celebrity status
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A．make your different friends know each other
B．forget them and make new friends at once
C．try to know the reason from a close friend
D．turn to your teachers or parents for help

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Do you know how much your children sleep?
According to the National Sleep Foundation,       should sleep twelve to eighteen hours       of every twenty-four. With a gradual        to twelve to fourteen hours for toddlers(初學(xué)走路的孩子) one to three; eleven to thirteen hours for        three to five; and ten to eleven hours for schoolchildren        five to ten.
But things get really      at adolescence. Not only do teenagers need more sleep than    __---eight and a half to nine and a quarter hours a night, according to the sleep foundation - but the times          which they get sleepy and are able to awaken         and feel rested shift in a       that does not match to the       times at most schools.
Sleep studies have shown that the typical teenager does not fall asleep readily before 11 p. m. or later.       many have to get up by 6 a. m. or         to get to school for a class         starts at 7:30 or 8 a.m. More than a few        off during that class, and often the         one as well. Even if awake, they're in no condition to learn much of anything.
In one study, more than 90 percent of teenagers        they slept less than the          nine hours a night, and 10 percent said they slept less than six hours.
      _ James B. Maas, a Cornell University psychologist and Leading sleep researcher, has observed, most teenagers are "walking zombies(僵尸)"        they get far too little sleep.
小題1:
A．childrenB．newbornsC．eldersD．youngsters
小題2:
A．fromB．withC．outD．up
小題3:
A．reductionB．increaseC．growthD．improvement
小題4:
A．teenagersB．studentsC．babiesD．preschoolers
小題5:
A．relatedB．separatedC．a(chǎn)gedD．varied
小題6:
A．demandingB．challengingC．satisfyingD．encouraging
小題7:
A．a(chǎn)dultsB．toddlersC．babies D．schoolchildren
小題8:
A．inB．onC．a(chǎn)tD．for
小題9:
A．excitedlyB．earlyC．casuallyD．naturally
小題10:
A．formB．meansC．methodD．way
小題11:
A．endB．startC．holidayD．examination
小題12:
A．SinceB．ForC．YetD．Then
小題13:
A．nicerB．earlierC．cleanerD．better
小題14:
A．thatB．itsC．whatD．whose
小題15:
A．putB．takeC．dozeD．cut
小題16:
A．nextB．otherC．lastD．new
小題17:
A．examinedB．surveyedC．reportedD．convinced
小題18:
A．regulatedB．recommendedC．a(chǎn)nalyzedD．reported
小題19:
A．LikeB．SinceC．AsD．Furthermore
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A．becauseB．whichC．whileD．still

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

They can be seen more frequently than ever before on college campuses, wearing flannel(法蘭絨) and thick­framed glasses while listening to music. One might find them playing unusual musical instruments, shopping at second­hand stores or expressing themselves in other unique ways.
They call themselves hipsters. Being “hip” used to mean following the latest fashion. But gradually the word has become a sign of “being cool, unique and unusual”．
Hipsters value independent thinking, progressive politics, an appreciation of creativity and intelligence. Hipsters take pains and pride in not being mainstream. However, their culture has become quite trendy. This irony(諷刺) is central to their culture and offers an interesting conflict.
“I do take things in the mainstream with a positive attitude，” says Ben Polson, a college student at Brown University. “But sometimes I also question what determines popularity, especially regarding music.” Polson represents many hipsters.
When less­known bands become popular, they often lose their former fan base in exchange for a new one. There is a famous hipster saying that goes, “I used to like that band before it got popular，” Polson quoted.
According to Polson, bands' music changes when they go mainstream. They become less experimental, doing things just to save popularity and fans. The original elements that we were drawn to slowly disappear for the sake of popularity.
Many young adults have started to view hipsters' outlook as cool and they are adopting hipsters' anti­mainstream culture mind to themselves. This has led to specialized brands, stores and music for the hipster consumers. But on the other hand, some such stores, including clothing labels Urban Outfitters and American Apparel, have gained mainstream popularity. This has seemingly made the anti­mainstream culture become weaker.
“A lot of people that are self­defined hipsters aren't really hipsters. They're just trying to act as hipsters to seem cooler，” says Amanda Leopold, a college student from Oberlin College, US. Although Leopold has many unusual tastes and seems quite individualist, she refuses to classify herself as a hipster.
小題1:In the passage, hipsters refer to people ________.
A．who are fans of pop music
B．who study in different colleges
C．who appear cool and unusual
D．who try to attract others
小題2:According to the author, ________.
A．hipsters are the pioneers of the mainstream
B．hipsters are unhappy with the mainstream
C．hipsters' culture exists mainly in music field
D．hipsters' culture can also become popular
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A．Urban Outfitters and American Apparel are famous clothing labels.
B．Hipster consumers have more specialized brands, stores and music.
C．Anti­mainstream culture can gain mainstream popularity.
D．The culture of hipsters is becoming more and more terrible.
小題4:When describing hipsters, the author speaks ________.
A．in an ironic voiceB．in an objective voice
C．in an angry voiceD．in a funny voice

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it．You do not need to be strong．But you need to be quick．And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.
First, you must ask yourself, “Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?” You must think about this all the time on the boat．The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.
Let's start with the wind blowing from behind．This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction．Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat．It should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boat．Then it will catch the wind best.
If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat．In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat．It should be at a 45° angle to the boat．It needs to be out far enough to catch the wind, but it shouldn't flap (擺動(dòng))．It shouldn't look like a flag on a flagpole．If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and the boat will slow down.
Sailing against the wind is not possible．If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop．You may want to go in that direction．It is possible, but you can't go in a straight line．You must go first in one direction and then in another．This is called tacking．When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat.
小題1:What should you consider first while sailing?
A．Sailors' strength. B．Wave levels.
C．Size of sails. D．Wind directions.
小題2:What does the word “It” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．The boat. B．The sail.
C．The wind. D．The angle.
小題3:What do you have to do when sailing against the wind?
A．Move in a straight line. B．Allow the sail to flap.
C．Lower the sail. D．Tack the boat.
小題4:Where can you probably find the text?
A．In a popular magazine. B．In a tourist guidebook.
C．In a physics textbook. D．In an official report.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It all began with a stop at a red light.
Kevin Salwen was driving his 14-year-old daughter, Hannah, back from a sleepover in 2006 . While waiting at a traffic light, they saw a black Mercedes Coupe on one side and a homeless man begging for food on the other.
“Dad, if that man had a less nice car, that man there could have a meal.”Hannah protested. The light changed and they drove on, but Hannah was too young to be reasonable. She pestered （糾纏）her parents about inequity, insisting that she wanted to do something.
“What do you want to do?” her mom responded. “Sell our house?”
Warning! Never suggest a grand gesture to an idealistic teenager. Hannah seized upon the idea of selling the luxurious family home and donating half the proceeds to charity, while using the other half to buy a more modest replacement home.
Eventually, that’s what the family did. The project —crazy, impetuous （魯莽的） and utterly inspiring — is written down in detail in a book by father and daughter scheduled to be published next month: “The Power of Half.” It’s a book that, frankly, I’d be nervous about leaving around where my own teenage kids might find it. An impressionable child reads this, and the next thing you know your whole family is out on the street.
At a time of enormous needs in Haiti and elsewhere, when so many Americans are trying to help Haitians by sending everything from text messages to shoes, the Salwens offer an example of a family that came together to make a difference — for themselves as much as the people they were trying to help. In a column a week ago, it described neurological evidence from brain scans that unselfishness lights up parts of the brain normally associated with more primary satisfaction. The Salwens’ experience confirms the selfish pleasures of selflessness.
Mr. Salwen and his wife, Joan, had always assumed that their kids would be better off in a bigger house. But after they downsized, there was much less space to retreat to, so the family members spent more time around each other. A smaller house unexpectedly turned out to be a more family-friendly house.
小題1:The best title for the passage should be “______”.
A．The Less, the Better
B．An Expected Satisfaction
C．Something We Can Live Without
D．Somewhat Crazy but Inspiring
小題2:What does the underlined word “inequity” most probably mean in Paragraph 3?
A．Unfairness.B．Satisfaction.
C．Personal attitude.D．Reasonable statement.
小題3: What does the underlined sentence “Never suggest a grand gesture to an idealistic teenager.” means? ______
A．Never give a quick answer to an idealistic teenager.
B．Unless a child is realistic, never give an answer immediately.
C．Give an answer if the child is reasonable.
D．Don’t respond to a child's demands firmly without consideration.
小題4: What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．The Salwens regretted selling their house.
B．The relationship between the family members of the Salwens is much closer.
C．Small houses can bring happiness.
D．The Salwens intend to buy another big house.
小題5:Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Mercedes Coupe is only an ordinary car which is quite cheap.
B．Unselfishness has nothing to do with people’s primary satisfaction.
C．Hannah asked her parents to do something charitable and they sold their house.
D．The writer’s children asked him to sell their house.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Our teacher asks us to keep a diary in English. I enjoy doing so because I          keeping a diary in English is one of the effective ways to      our English writing ability.
Compared with       forms of writing, it is shorter and       less time. It can help us to       the habit of thinking in English.         we persist in (堅(jiān)持) this practice, gradually we’ll learn how to express ourselves in English. In keeping a diary in English,         can use the important phrases and sentences we’ve        in or out of English classes to describe our        , and this way we can master and use freely       we’ve learned, which will do good         us in English learning. But      we certainly run up against many difficulties. In the first place, it often happens that we have       finding proper words and phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there        many idiomatic(慣用的) ways of saying things in Chinese. And it is extremely hard for us to put them       English properly.
As far as I am concerned, my suggestion is that we          always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. Whenever         beats （難倒）us, we can first put it down in our notebook and then look it up in our dictionary. We can also turn to our English teacher for          , if necessary.
In short, I believe that it is of          use to keep a diary in English for the development of our          skills.
小題1:
A．thinkB．standC．practiceD．finish
小題2:
A．getB．gainC．improveD．prove
小題3:
A．otherB．the othersC．a(chǎn)notherD．others
小題4:
A．spendsB．takesC．paysD．spares
小題5:
A．pickB．makeC．give D．develop
小題6:
A．BeforeB．IfC．AfterD．While
小題7:
A．theyB．heC．sheD．we
小題8:
A．learnedB．forgottenC．thoughtD．listened
小題9:
A．eyesB．feelingsC．textsD．books
小題10:
A．thatB．whichC．whatD．when
小題11:
A．toB．a(chǎn)crossC．betweenD．a(chǎn)long
小題12:
A．a(chǎn)t a timeB．a(chǎn)t one timeC．a(chǎn)ll the timeD．a(chǎn)t times
小題13:
A．chanceB．timeC．troubleD．choice
小題14:
A．isB．hasC．a(chǎn)reD．have
小題15:
A．ofB．into C．a(chǎn)tD．on
小題16:
A．canB．shallC．shouldD．may
小題17:
A．nothingB．a(chǎn)nybodyC．somebodyD．something
小題18:
A．moneyB．dictionaryC．questionD．help
小題19:
A．greatB．muchC．veryD．more
小題20:
A．speakingB．writingC．listeningD．reading

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Sushi is a kind of food made with a mixture of cooked or raw fish, vegetables, and rice. Although Sushi is most commonly considered to have its origin in Japan, it actually began in China during the 7th Century.
At that time, any fish caught had to be preserved. Raw fish was cleaned and then pressed between layers of heavy salt. After a couple of months, the whole process was complete. Over time, a discovery was made that by rolling the fish in rice that had been soaked in vinegar the fish was easily fermented (發(fā)酵) in a few days rather than months. The rice was then thrown away and the fish was eaten. However, with a food shortage, people began consuming the rice as well as the fish and thus, Sushi today as we know was born. However, in the 1800s, a famous chef by the name of Yohei created two styles of Sushi—one called Edo, and the second, Osaka, for two cities.
Sushi is usually consumed with hot green tea. Also, Gari is offered free and eaten between bites to create a better taste. Two kinds of sauce are usually available: one is soy sauce, which is poured on most kinds of Sushi; the other is a thick sweet sauce used on eel (鰻魚).
Sushi has taken the world by storm and today is a multi-billion dollar industry. Its popularity continues to rise because people are looking for healthy food that is quick and easy to make. With such unbelievable popularity as well as the health benefits of eating Sushi, it is likely that this food will continue to be a part of everyday life for many more centuries to come.
小題1:Two kinds of Sushi, Edo and Osaka, were probably named after _______.
A．the chef’s nameB．their birthplaces
C．the name of fishD．some kinds of food
小題2:When people eat Sushi, Gari is used to _______.
A．keep Sushi last long
B．make green tea better
C．digest Sushi more quickly
D．make Sushi more delicious
小題3:Why do people like Sushi today?
A．It is cheap and delicious.
B．It is served with free Gari.
C．It is beneficial to people’s health.
D．It is easy to be kept for a long time.
小題4:What can be the best title for the text?
A．Delicious Sushi and Its Origin
B．How to Make Delicious Sushi
C．Yohei and Two Styles of Sushi
D．The Birthplace of Sushi—China

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