We know the effect calories have on your body.For each pound of weight that your body carries,it takes about 12 calories per pound per day to keep it alive.If you weigh 150 pounds,you therefore need about (150×12) 1800 calories per day to keep yourself alive and maintain that same weight.
If you were to eat more than 1800 calories per day,the surplus turns into fat.It takes about 3600 excess calories to make a pound of fat.Let's say that you were to eat,on average,2000 calories per day.That extra 200 calories per day is going to turn into fat.However,you will eventually hit a point of equilibrium(平衡，均衡) because as you gain weight,you need more calories to maintain that weight.So,a person eating an average of 2000 calories per day will hit equilibrium at (2000/12) 166.67 pounds.
So let's say that you eat,on average,2000 calories per day and reach equilibrium at 166 pounds.Then you go on a crash diet where you eat only 1000 calories per day for 60 days.You lose 16 pounds and reach your target weight of 150 pounds.But then you go right back to eating 2000 calories per day again.The graph below shows your eating pattern before,during and after the diet:

Note that the graph assumes that you,like most people,eat a random number of calories per day.Some days you are “good” and eat less,and some days you are “bad” and eat more,but the assumption is that it averages out to 2000 calories per day over the long run.
This graph shows what happens to your weight before,during and after the diet:

The diet really takes the weight off.But the weight comes right back when you return to your “normal” eating pattern.The weight appears to come back so quickly because when you are at your lightest,you tend to gain more weight each day.The lighter you are,the fewer calories you need.If you only need 1500 calories per day and you're eating 2000,you're going to gain weight faster than if you need 1800 and you're eating 2000.
小題1:The passage is mainly about_________.
A．how to lose weight effectively
B．why the weight comes back so quickly once a person stops dieting
C．why a person puts on weight
D．how to keep a healthy diet
小題2:According to the text,a person weighing 120 pounds needs _________calories per day to keep the same weight.
A．1440B．1800C．2000D．1000
小題3:Suppose all the following people take in 3000 calories every day.Who will gain weight fastest?
A．A person who weighs 200 pounds.B．A person who weighs 180 pounds.
C．A person who weighs 150 pounds.D．A person who weighs 100 pounds.
小題4:What will the writer continue to discuss at the end of the text?
A．Ways to keep the weight off.B．Ways to go on a diet.
C．Diseases caused by overweight.D．Proper diet to keep healthy.

小題1:B
小題2:A
小題3:D
小題4:C

小題1:主旨概括題。從圖示分析及全文概括可知。
小題2:從文章第一段第三句可知。
小題3:見最后一段第三句。
小題4:語篇推理題。全文說明節(jié)食減肥容易反彈,后文會介紹正確的減肥方法。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Winter depression (or winter blues) is a common affliction (折磨) for those who live in our northern climate. Its clinical name is seasonal affective disorder (or SAD) and up to 5% of the population (especially in northern states) may suffer from it. Seasonal affective disorder is characterized by feelings of sadness and depression that occur in the winter months when the temperatures drop and the days grow short . The depression is often associated with excessive eating or sleeping and weight gain. Women are twice to three times more likely to suffer from the winter blues than men.
There are many effective treatments for winter depression, some of which you can do to help yourself. Increasing your daily exposure to as much natural light as possible can be helpful to many. Any time that you have the opportunity to gain access to more sunlight in the winter months, you should try to do so. Taking walks throughout the day (even if you don’t normally do so), sitting next to a south-facing window at your office, in a classroom, or at home will increase your sunlight exposure. Exercising next to a window or outdoors (when possible) is another activity that can help.
Although it may be difficult to do, maintaining your schedule and lifestyle will help to keep the depression at bay. A regular pattern of sleep is the most important thing to maintain. It may be helpful, for instance, to have your bedroom lights on a timer to turn on a half-hour before you wake. This may help in waking at a regular time every morning, when it is still dark outside in the winter months.
Light therapy has shown to be an effective treatment for seasonal affective disorder. While you can purchase expensive, specialized light therapy lighting fixtures for your home or office, some inexpensive alternatives are also available. Another lighting technique to try is to replace commonly used light bulbs in your home with brighter full spectrum (also known as broad spectrum) light bulbs. While more expensive than regular light bulbs, these bulbs provide light that is similar to natural sunlight.
If none of these techniques seem to help your depressive symptoms, you should consider consulting your family physician or a mental health professional. The winter blues are a form of depression and can be readily treated w ith medications or psychotherapy when other self-help methods aren’t effective. Don’t be afraid to talk about this condition with a professional; it’s nothing to be ashamed or afraid of. With a little effort, the winter blues can be beaten
小題1: What do we know about winter depression?
A．It is very common where the weather is cold.
B．It may lead to weight gain.
C．It occurs when the temperatures drop.
D．It seldom affects men.
小題2:What is the most important factor in the therapy introduced in the second paragraph?
A．Exposure to natural light.
B．Sports in winter months.
C．Outdoor activities.
D．Sunlight through the window.
小題3:What does “to keep the depression at bay” mean in the third paragraph?
A．To shorten the duration of the depression.
B．To use light to resist the depression.
C．To keep the depression manageable and minimal.
D．To delay the occurrence of the depression.
小題4: For winter depression, light therapy ___________.
A．is much more effective than other kinds of therapy
B．is so expensive that some may not be able to afford it
C．encourages people to do outdoor exercises
D．needs specialized bulbs to replace ordinary ones
小題5:We can infer from the passage that __________.
A．self-help methods do not work 100% of the time
B．medications or psychotherapy is much more effective
C．mental health professionals don’t recommend self- help methods
D．most people prefer self-help methods to medications

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

I came to live here where I am now between Wounded Knee Greek and Grass Greek。Others came too, and we made these little grey houses of logs that you see, and they are square. It is a bad way to live, for there can be no power in a square.
You have noticed that everything an Indian does is in a circle, and that is because the Power of the World always works in circles, and everything tries to be round. In the old days when we were strong and happy people, all our power came to us from the respectful circle of the nation, and so long as the circle was unbroken, the people were getting rich. The flowering tree was the living center of the circle, and the circle of the four quarters nursed it. The east gave peace and light, the south gave warmth, the west gave rain, and the north with its cold and strong wind gave strength and continuous power.
This knowledge came to us from the outer world with our brief. Everything the Power of the World does is done in a circle. The sky is round, and I have heard that the earth is round like a ball, and so are all the stars. Birds make their nests in circle, for theirs are the same as ours. The sun comes forth and goes down again in a circle. The moon does the same, and both are round. Even the seasons form a great circle in their changing, and always come back again to where they were. The life of a man is a circle from childhood to childhood, and so it is in everything where power moves.
Our places were like the nests of birds, and these were always set in a circle, the nation’s circle, a nest of many nests, where the Great Spirit meant for us to nurse our children.
But the “white people” have put us in these square boxes. Our power is gone and we are dying, for the power is not in us any more. You can look at our boys and see how it is with us. Where we were living by the power of the circle in the way we should, boys were men at twelve or thirteen years of age. But now it takes them very much longer to grow up.
小題1:According to the passage, the Indians _______.
A．don’t have modern instruments in their homes
B．refused to move from round places
C．lived in round places, but were forced to live in square houses
D．lived in round places, but then decided to move into square houses
小題2:Two things being compared in the passage are _______.
A．the Indians’ past and present living conditions
B．the Indians’ past and modern beliefs
C．the Indians’ old and new power
D．people and nature
小題3:In the second paragraph “the four quarters” refers to _______.
A．the four rooms of the Indian’s house
B．the four kinds of natural power
C．the four seasons
D．the four directions
小題4:According to the author, once the Indians moved into square houses, _______.
A．they had to move to other houses
B．boys took more time to grow into men
C．they forgot the old way of life
D．everyone was not happy

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Interpersonal Distance
With the outbreak of SARS,everyone tried to avoid coming into close contact with each other.In those days,interpersonal distance increased,“close contact” almost became synonymous with “danger”,and even children couldn’t have close contact with their mothers.Now SARS has disappeared,and we return back to normal living again.Then,how can we do handle interpersonal distance in our everyday lives?
Studies show that interpersonal distance can be divided into 4 different types:intimate distance,personal distance,social distance,and public distance.
Intimate distance is the interpersonal distance of a person with the people closest to him or her.It ranges from 0 to 45 cm.When a stranger comes within this distance,a person will have strong negative reaction.In crowded buses,strangers usually maintain rigid poses and try to avoid body contact,but couples,lovers,children and their mothers usually lean close to each other.Intimates who aren’t able to live close together for a long time can become alienated.Also,touching is also very important.A contrast test shows that the nervous systems of babies who are often caressed by their mothers develop much faster and their weight increases faster,by 47%,than that of other babies.
Personal distance ranges from 45 cm to 1 m.People can converse genially at this distance without invading each other’s personal space.When friends and acquaintances meet on the street,they usually greet and converse at this distance.
Social distance generally ranges from 1 m to 3 m.Among this range,1-2 m is usually the distance in which people deal with private affairs in social activities.For example,when you get money from banks,in order to protect your privacy,other customers are required to stand at least 1 m away from you.2-3.5 m is a farther social distance.Business talks usually occur at this distance.Besides talking,proper eye contact is also indispensable.Otherwise,each side will feel disrespected.
Public distance is usually used in public gatherings.It generally ranges from 3.5 m to about 7 m.Beyond this range,people can’t communicate using a normal voice.In classrooms,experienced teachers usually leave their lecture platforms to enhance their teaching.
Under different cultural contexts,the interpersonal distance differs slightly,but its basic laws are the same.When conversing,people in love lean very close to each other,acquaintances lean closer than strangers,females lean closer than males,and extraverts lean closer than introverts.In life,harmonious interpersonal relationships are set upon proper interpersonal distances,and some conflicts start from improper interpersonal distances.
小題1:According to the text,the strangers standing close to each other in a crowded bus may_________.
A．try to keep a distance awayB．feel uneasy
C．feel nervousD．be rude to each other
小題2:The distance between a teacher and students in class belongs to _________.
A.intimate distance                                           C.personal distance
C.social distance                                               D.public distance
小題3:The interpersonal distance between two people is mainly determined by _________.
A．how familiar they are with each otherB．their relationship in a special activity
C．their charactersD．their cultural background
小題4:To keep proper interpersonal distance is important because _________.
A．it makes people feel respected or loved
B．it helps to protect privacy
C．wrong interpersonal distance may result in misunderstanding
D．improper interpersonal distance may hurt others

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Common indoor plants may prove to be a valuable weapon in the fight against rising levels of indoor air pollution. Those plants in your office or home are not only pretty, but NASA scientists are finding them to be surprisingly useful in absorbing possible harmful gases and cleaning the air inside modern buildings.?
NASA have announced the finds of a 2-year study that suggested the common indoor plants may provide a natural way of helping fight against “Sick Building Syndrome(綜合癥)”.?
Research into the use of biological processes as a means of solving environmental problems, both on Earth and in space habitats, has been carried out for many years by Dr. Bill Wloverton, a senior research scientist at NASA. ?
Based on preliminary evaluations(初步評估) of the use of common indoor plants for indoor air purification(凈化),NASA funded a study using about a dozen popular varieties of attractive plants to determine their effectiveness in removing several key pollutants linked with indoor air pollution. NASA research on indoor has found that living plants are so efficient at absorbing pollutants in the air that some will be launched into space as part of the biological life support system aboard future orbiting space stations.?
While more research is needed, Wolverton says the study has shown that common indoor plants can remove certain pollutants from the indoor environment. “We feel that future results will provide an even stronger argument that common indoor plants can be a very effective part of a system used to provide pollution free homes and work places,” he concludes.?
“Combining nature with technology can increase the effectiveness of plants in removing air pollutants,” he said.
NASA research has always shown that living, green and flowering plants can remove several poisonous chemicals from the air inside buildings. You can use plant in your home or office to improve the quality of the air to make it a more pleasant place to live and work—where people feel better, perform better, and enjoy life more.
小題1:The main idea of the passage is _______.?
A．plants are very useful to human beings?
B．indoor plants can help remove indoor air pollution?
C．indoor plants should be raised in both homes and offices?
D．NASA have studied indoor plants for many years?
小題2:Why do you think NASA are very interested in indoor plants??
A．Some indoor plants would be used in space stations.?
B．They want to find a way to cure Sick Building Syndrome.?
C．They need indoor plants to carry out their experiments.?
D．Indoor plants are pretty and attractive.?
小題3:The underlined word “pollutants” refers to _______.?
A．some kinds of indoor plantsB．ways to solve air pollution?
C．research on indoor plantsD．poisonous chemicals in the air?

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Wine drinkers tend to buy healthier food than beer drinkers, according to a Danish study published on Tuesday on the website of a weekly medical magazine.
People who bought wine at the store were also more likely to buy fruit, vegetables, fish, lean meat (瘦肉) and milk than beer buyers did, said the study.
Beer buyers were more likely to buy frozen dinners, cold cuts, pork, sugary products, and soft drinks.
The study was conducted by four researchers from the National Institute of Public Health over the course of six months.
Alcohol researchers Erik Schulenburg and Marten Greenback and two other doctors collected 3.5 million receipts from 98 stores. The customers at the stores represented a large number of Danish people, they said.
“Our results confirm international studies which show that wine drinkers tend to eat more fruit, vegetables and fish and rarely eat fats, compared to those who like other kinds of alcoholic drinks,” they concluded.
Wine buyers also tended to have higher education levels, higher earnings and be in better mental health, they added.
Their interest in consumers’ shopping bags followed a series of studies in the Danish media. The studies suggested that wine drinkers ran a lower risk of cardiovascular (心血管的) disease and some types of cancer than beer drinkers.
小題1:The passage mainly tells us that wine drinkers ______.
A．eat more vegetables than beer drinkers
B．usually buy healthier food than beer drinkers
C．a(chǎn)re mostly healthier than beer drinkers
D．run a lower risk of diseases than beer drinkers
小題2:According to the passage, beer buyers are less likely to buy ______.
A．cold cutsB．porkC．soft drinksD．vegetables
小題3:The researchers did the study mainly by means of ______.
A．handing out papers with a list of questions
B．collecting receipts from stores
C．watching what customers bought at stores
D．visiting some families throughout the country
小題4:Which of the following is NOT a feature of wine drinkers according to the passage?
A．Rarely eating fats.B．Being in better mental health.
C．Exercising more.D．Having higher education levels.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Childhood is a happy time, right? Not necessarily. Consider these facts.
Depression(抑郁癥) may occur in as many as 1 in 33 children.
Once a child has an episode(一段情節(jié)) of depression, he or she has a 50 percent chance of experiencing another episode in the next 5 years.
Suicide(自殺) is the 6th leading cause of death for 5–to–15-year-olds.
If your child experiences 5 or more of these signs or symptoms(癥狀) for at least 2 weeks, he or she may be experiencing depression or another mental illness.
Feeling——Does your child demonstrate:
Sadness               Emptiness
Hopelessness          Guilt
Worthlessness
Lack of enjoyment in everyday pleasures
Thinking ——Is your child having trouble:
Concentrating        Making decisions
Completing schoolwork
Maintaining grades
Maintaining friendships
Physical problems—Does your child complain of :
Headaches            Stomachaches
Lack of energy
Sleeping problems ( too much or too little)
Weight or appetite changes ( gain or loss)
Suicide risk--Does your child talk or think about:
Suicide
Death
Other morbid （生病的）subjects
Behavior problems ——Is your child:
Irritable                              Not wanting to go to school    
Wanting to be alone most of the time       Having difficulty getting along with others
Cutting classes or skipping school         Dropping out of sports, hobbies or other activities
Drinking alcohol or using drugs.
Sometimes, a child who causes problems at school or at home may actually be depressed, according to the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. If you think your child may be depressed, it’s important to have your child treated. Discuss your child’s problems with his or her doctor. The doctor may suggest a referral to a children’s psychologist(心理醫(yī)生)or psychiatrist（精神病醫(yī)生）.
Treatment may include individual and family therapy(治療), along with an antidepressant medication (抗抑郁藥)
小題1:This article is particularly written for ____.
A．parentsB．teachersC．childrenD．psychologists
小題2: Which statement describes a child who may have physical problems?
A．The child is always in high mood.
B．The child always feels tired but sleeps only four hours a day.
C．The child hates to study.
D．The child can not concentrate on one thing for a long period.
小題3: When your child always talks about death or other morbid subjects, he or she___
A．may has trouble in thinkingB．may have suicide risk
C．may have behavior problemsD．may have physical problems
小題4:What should we do when we find our kids experiencing depression?
A．Ask for leave to accompany them at home.
B．Ask them to take antidepressant immediately.
C．Go to see the doctor.
D．Ask them to have a good rest.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

“Children who eat less salt and drink fewer sugar-sweetened soft drinks may significantly lower their risks of obesity,” researchers recently reported in the journal Hypertension.
“Sugar-sweetened soft drinks are a significant source of calorie intake in children,” said Feng J. He, a researcher at St George’s University of London, England. “It has been shown that sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption is related to obesity in young people.” They wanted to know whether there is a link between salt intake and sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption.
Dr He and colleagues analyzed data from a 1997 national survey of more than 2,000 people between 4 and 18 in Britain. “We found that children eating a lower-salt diet drank less fluid,” said He. “From our research, we estimated that 1 gram of salt cut from their daily diet would reduce fluid intake by 100 grams per day.”
The researchers also found that children eating a lower-salt diet drank fewer sugar-sweetened soft drinks. From their research, they predicted that reducing salt intake by 1 gram each day would reduce sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption by 27 grams per day, after. “If children aged 4 to 18 cut their salt intake by half, there would be a decrease of about two sugar-sweetened soft drinks per week per child, so each child would decrease calorie intake by almost 250 kilocalories per week,” Dr He said.
In previous studies, researchers found that a low-salt diet lowers blood pressure in children, and prevents the development of high blood pressure later in life. “Both high blood pressure and obesity increase the risk of having strokes and heart attacks,” Dr He said.
Dr He recommends that parents check labels and choose low-salt food products. “Small reductions in the salt content of 10 to 20 percent cannot be detected by the human salt taste receptors (感受器) and do not cause any technological or safety problems,” Dr He said.
小題1:According to the passage, obesity is directly linked to ______.
A．high-salt foods
B．sugar-sweetened soft drinks
C．high blood pressure
D．strokes and heart attacks
小題2:Compared with previous studies, the recent one found that ______.
A．a(chǎn) lower-salt diet may mean less sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption
B．a(chǎn) low-salt diet keeps children out of high blood pressure
C．children face the risk of having strokes and heart attacks
D．low-salt food products do not do harm to people’s health
小題3:Which of the following statements would Dr He agree to?
A．The less salt people eat, the healthier people become.
B．Children should reduce fluid intake in their daily life.
C．No high-salt food products will be available in shops.
D．A low-salt diet may prevent both high blood pressure and obesity.
小題4:After reading the passage, who should take effective action?
A．Children.B．Parents.C．Doctors.D．Researchers.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A study published Monday found that people who sleep less tend to be fat, and experts said it’s time to find out if more sleep will fight fatness.
“We’ve put so much emphasis on diet and exercise that we've failed to recognize the value of good sleep,” said Fred Turek, a physician at Northwestern University.
Monday’s study from Eastern Virginia Medical School in Norfolk covered 1,000 people and found that total sleep time decreased as body mass index - a measure of weight based on height - increased.
Men slept an average of 27 minutes less than women and overweight and fat patients slept less than patients with normal weights, it said. In general the fatter subjects slept about 1.8 hours a week less than those with normal weights.
“Americans experience insufficient sleep and fat bodies. Clinicians are aware of the burden of fatness on patients,” the study said.
“Our findings suggest that major extensions of sleep time may not be necessary, as an extra 20 minutes of sleep per night seems to be associated with a lower body mass index,” it added.
“We caution that this study does not establish a cause-and-effect relationship between restricted sleep and fatness (but) investigations indicating success in weight loss via extensions of sleep would help greatly to set up such a relationship.”
The study was published in the Archives of Internal Medicine along with an editorial by Turek and Northwestern colleague Joseph Bass commenting on it and related research.
In an interview, Turek said some studies have shown sleep causes declines in an appetite suppressing protein hormone, and increases in another hormone that causes a longing for food. In addition neuropathies（神經(jīng)療法）in the brain governing sleep and fatness appear to overlap（重疊）, he said.
Patness has been rising dramatically in developed countries and reached epidemic（流行�。� levels in the United States, it added, leading to a variety of health problems.
66. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. People who sleep less tend to get fat.
B. Fat people need lots of sleep to lose weight.
C. Sleeping has nothing to do with fatness.
D. Fatness has been rising dramatically in developed countries.
67. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
A. Lack of sleep causes declines in a desire limiting protein hormone.
B. Americans experience sufficient sleep and fat bodies.
C. The findings suggest that major extensions of sleep time may be necessary.
D. Fatness has been rising dramatically in America.
68. Which of the following is NOT close to the underlined word suppress?
A. limit          B. restrict       C. accept         D. control
69. According to the passage, which of the following people is the lowest possible one to get fatness?
A. Americans      B. Chinese        C. Japanese       D. English
70. We can conclude the attitude of the author is           according to the passage.
A. worried        B. uninterested   C. critical       D. optimistic

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