This year the selfie earned its place as the Oxford English Dictionary’s 2013 Word Of The Year．It has taken over our culture-and our smartphones．The rise of the selfie has become universal-between presidents，celebrities(名人)and citizens alike-and the trend is only continuing to grow.

A recent survey conducted by the Pew Internet＆American Life Project found that 54 percent of Internet have posted original photos online．And of those hundreds of millions of photos， many are of selfie photos．
For example，currently there are nearly 62 million posted selfie
photos on Instagram，the social media tool that has  significantly contributed to the personal photo’s popularity．That figure，which continues to rise every day, does not even begin to include the selfies shared  on Facebook and Twitter.
What makes the selfie so attractive-and why do we feel it a must to take one? According to Dr．Pamela Rutledge，psychologist and director of the Media Psychology Research Center，the desire to take，post and get“l(fā)ikes” on selfies goes back to a biological behavior of all humans．
“ I think it influences our sense of social connection in the same way as it does when you go
to a party and people say‘Oh I love your dress，’” Rutledge told The Huffington Post.“Biological，social recognition is a real need and there is even an area of the brain that contributes to social activity．”
There is a way to adapt to the growing selfie culture．Whether you’re a selfie novice or an advanced poster，there are always things to be mindful of when you’re posting，Rutledge advises.
She offered two main principles to follow when it comes to posting on social media:
1．The Grandmother Rule
“Don't post anything online，whether text or visual，that you don't want grandmother or future
employer to see，” Rutledge said．“Selfies especially．”
2．The Elevator Rule
“You wouldn’t say something in an elevator that you or no one else wants to hear—the whole
world of social media is an elevator，” Rutledge said．“Be aware of the breadth of platform．It's easy to think you’re sharing a photo with a few people，but Instagram is public and people can come across things．”   
小題1:What's the main idea of the first paragraph?
A．The selfie is taking the lead．
B．Many people are fond of smartphones．
C．The selfie will take over everything．
D．The selfie is an important new word．
小題2:According to the passage，people like“selfie”so much，because they___________.
A．need to be acknowledged in social life
B．want to show off their new dresses
C．desire to share good things
D．mean to amuse the public
小題3:The underlined word“novice”in Paragraph 6 probably means“___________”.
A．publisherB．greenhandC．novelistD．celebrity
小題4:When it comes to posting on social media，Rutledge advises people to___________.
A．share photos only on Instagram
B．talk about their photos in an elevator
C．be cautious in posting things online
D．follow rules set by their grandmothers

小題1:A
小題2:A
小題3:B
小題4:C

試題分析: 近一項(xiàng)由美國(guó)調(diào)研機(jī)構(gòu)皮尤組織的調(diào)查顯示，54%的網(wǎng)民曾將拍好的原圖直接上傳，提出為什么我們喜歡自拍。
小題1:A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段提到This year the selfie earned its place as the Oxford English Dictionary’s 2013 Word Of The Year．It has taken over our culture-and our smartphones．The rise of the selfie has become universal-between presidents，celebrities(名人)and citizens alike-and the trend is only continuing to grow今年，“自拍”還被牛津英語(yǔ)字典列為“2013年度詞語(yǔ)”。可以說(shuō)，自拍已經(jīng)席卷了我們的文化，以及我們的智能手機(jī)。人們對(duì)自拍的熱情已經(jīng)遍布各行各業(yè)，從總統(tǒng)、教皇、明星到普通的民眾無(wú)一例外，并且有愈演愈烈的趨勢(shì)，可見(jiàn)講得是為什么人們喜歡自拍，所以選A項(xiàng)。
小題2:A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段提到According to Dr．Pamela Rutledge，psychologist and director of the Media Psychology Research Center，the desire to take，post and get“l(fā)ikes” on selfies goes back to a biological behavior of all humans．媒體心理學(xué)研究中心主任、心理學(xué)家拉特里奇博士認(rèn)為，自拍、上傳、求贊的心理是我們?nèi)祟?lèi)所共有的一種生物學(xué)行為，所以選A項(xiàng)。
小題3:B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段提到There is a way to adapt to the growing selfie culture．Whether you’re a selfie novice or an advanced poster，there are always things to be mindful of when you’re posting，適應(yīng)日益壯大的自拍文化是有方法的。拉特里奇建議，不論你初涉自拍界還是已對(duì)自拍頗有心得，上傳自拍照的時(shí)候都應(yīng)該留心，所以選B項(xiàng)。
小題4:C 細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第六段提到Whether you’re a selfie novice or an advanced poster，there are always things to be mindful of when you’re posting，Rutledge advises.拉特里奇建議，不論你初涉自拍界還是已對(duì)自拍頗有心得，上傳自拍照的時(shí)候都應(yīng)該留心。關(guān)于在社交媒體上上傳自拍照，她提供了兩大主要原則，所以一定要小心，所以選C項(xiàng)。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

You may not  have heard of Ashoka,  but for the past 27 years,this association, founded by Bill Drayton, has fought  poverty (貧窮)and sickness, promoted education and  encouraged small businesses. To support these worthy causes, Ashoka provides money for the world's most  promising "changemakers" seeking to solve (解決) urgent problems and would like to create a  world in which every citizen is a changemaker.
Drayton believes that anyone can become an agent for change. The important thing is to simply give yourself permission. If you see a problem that you care about, you can help solve it. The young in particular are willing to accept this concept because at heart every child wants to grow into a happy, healthy,  contributing adult. In fact It is many young people's ambition to set up programmes or businesses that improve social conditions. An excellent example is an Ashoka project started in 1995 in Dhaka, which handled the rubbish problem facing the city ,helped local farmers and provided an income for poor people there .
When Masqsood and Iftekhar began to study the problem of all the uncollected rubbish that lay in Dhaka’s streets,Attracting tats and disease , they discovered that 80% of it was natural waste . So they educated the poor people in the city to compost (把……制成堆糞)this waste . They knew that they would have a market for the end product because local farmers were struggling with chemical ferntilisers (化肥) which were expensive and had reduced the natural minerals in the soil over the years . At first , they were refused ,but once they were able to persuade them that there was money to be made , the project took off. In 2009 sales were $14,000.
Drayton is optimistic that in ten years Ashoka will be making really serious ,practical progress in bringing about social change by changing the way we look at economic development.
小題1:Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?
A．changemakersB．Businessmen
C．Social ConditionsD．Rubbish Problem
小題2:The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 3 probably refers to"       "
A．the local farmers B．Masqsood and Iftekhar
C．Drayton and his teamD．the poor people in Dhaka
小題3:It can be concluded from the passage that anyone can become a changemaker if he      .
A．considers Drayton's concept
B．gets permission from Ashoka
C．tries to improve social conditions
D．is a young, happy and healthy adult
小題4:The authors attitude towards Ashoka's program can be described as        
A．changingB．forgivingC．cautiousD．Positive

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

From the health point of view we are living in a marvelous age. We are immunized from birth against many of the most dangerous diseases. A large number of once fatal illnesses can now be cured by modern drugs and surgery. It is almost certain that one day remedies will be found for the most stubborn remaining diseases. The expectation of life has increased enormously. But though the possibility of living a long and happy life is greater than ever before, every day we witness the incredible slaughter of men, women and children on the roads. Man versus the motor-car ! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing. Thousands of people the world over are killed or horribly killed each year and we are quietly sitting back and letting it happen.
It has been rightly said that when a man is sitting behind a steering wheel, his car becomes the extension of his personality. There is no doubt that the motor-car often brings out a man’s very worst qualities. People who are normally quiet and pleasant may become unrecognizable when they are behind a steering-wheel. They swear, they are ill-mannered and aggressive, willful as two-years-olds and utterly selfish. All their hidden frustrations, disappointments and jealousies seem to be brought to the surface by the act of driving.
The surprising thing is that society smiles so benignly on the motorist and seems to condone his behaviour. Everything is done for his convenience. Cities are allowed to become almost uninhabitable because of heavy tragic; towns are made ugly by huge car parks; the countryside is desecrated by road networks; and the mass annual slaughter becomes nothing more than a statistic, to be conveniently forgotten.
It is high time a world code were created to reduce this senseless waste of human life. With regard to driving, the laws of some countries are notoriously lax and even the strictest are not strict enough. A code which was universally accepted could only have a dramatically beneficial effect on the accident rate. Here are a few examples of some the things that might be done. The driving test should be standardized and made far more difficult than it is; all the drivers should be made to take a test every three years or so; the age at which young people are allowed to drive any vehicle should be raised to at least 21; all vehicles should be put through stringent annual tests for safety. Even the smallest amount of alcohol in the blood can impair a person’s driving ability. Present drinking and driving laws (where they exist) should be mad much stricter. Maximum and minimum speed limits should be imposed on all roads. Governments should lay down safety specifications for manufacturers, as has been done in the USA. All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned. These measures may sound inordinately harsh. But surely nothing should be considered as to severe if tit results in reducing the annual toll of human life. After all, the world is for human beings, not motor-cars.
小題1:The main idea of this passage is
[A] Traffic accidents are mainly caused by motorists.
Thousands of people the world over are killed each year.
[C] The laws of some countries about driving are too lax.
[D] Only stricter traffic laws can prevent accidents.
小題2:What does the author think of society toward motorists?
[A] Society smiles on the motorists.
Huge car parks are built in the cities and towns.
[C] Victims of accidents are nothing.
[D] Society condones their rude driving.
小題3:Why does the author say:’ his car becomes the extension of his personality?’
[A] Driving can show his real self.
Driving can show the other part of his personality.
[C] Driving can bring out his character.
[D] His car embodies his temper.
小題4:.Which of the followings is NOT mentioned as a way against traffic accidents?
[A] Build more highways.
Stricter driving tests.
[C] Test drivers every three years.
[D] raise age limit and lay down safety specifications.
小題5:.The attitude of the author is
[A] ironical
critical
[C] appealing
[D] militant
Vocabulary
1.immunise             使免疫，使免除
2.expectation of life =" life" expectancy    平均壽命
3.versus =" against"             對(duì)頂，反對(duì)
4.mutilate             傷害
5.wilful             任性的，固執(zhí)的
6.benign             寬厚的，仁慈的
7.condone             寬容
8.desecrate          褻瀆，玷污
9.code             法規(guī)，規(guī)定，慣例
10.stringent          嚴(yán)格的，緊急的，迫切的
11.performance                   演出，成品，這里是指
car’ s behavior such as speed,
function etc.可譯成行為，
汽車(chē)行為、功能等。
難句譯注
1.Man versus the motor-car ! It is a never-ending battle which man is losing.
【參考譯文】人和汽車(chē)對(duì)抗！這是一場(chǎng)人類(lèi)永遠(yuǎn)是輸家的無(wú)休止的戰(zhàn)斗。
2.All advertising stressing power and performance should be banned.
【參考譯文】應(yīng)當(dāng)禁止所有強(qiáng)調(diào)力量和表現(xiàn)行為的廣告。
寫(xiě)作方法與文章大意
文章論述“交通事故”，采用因果、對(duì)比手法。從人的平均壽命增加和交通事故率成正比談起，觸及事故率上升的原因，要求制定更嚴(yán)格的法規(guī)予以制止種種造成事故的不良行為。

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When several people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you are alone observing one behavior or a person at two different times, you may see different things. The followings are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions(感知,認(rèn)識(shí)):
(1)    Each person’s perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning, education, and personal experiences.
(2) Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what’ve observed. It is not necessarily true that person perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same standard to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers.
(3) Sometimes we see only what we want to see or don’t see what may be obvious to others because of our own needs, desires, or temporary emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore the stimulus——“He’s basically a good boy so what I saw was not shoplifting(入店行竊).” We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information ——“All kids get into mischief(頑皮). Taking a book from a bookstore isn’t such a big deal.” We can change the meaning of the contradictory information--- “It wasn’t shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.”…
小題1:The first factor given by the author that affects our perception is _____.
A．our hearing and visual abilities
B．cultural background and personal experiences
C．the experience one learns from others
D．critical measures taken by other people
小題2:While observing a particular person,________.
A．one is likely to take all aspects into consideration
B．one pays more attention to his/her advantages
C．children often differ from grown-ups in perception
D．one tends to choose certain aspects to look at
小題3:Observation of the same person by two people at the same time may differ because _____.
A．they follow different standards
B．either of them may be slow to catch information
C．the time for observation is not long enough
D．each of them uses different language to express his/her impressions
小題4: The underlined word “stimulus” in Paragraph 4 refers to _____.
A．something attractive
B．selective perception
C．contradictory information
D．shoplifting
小題5:The worst thing in selective perception is that ______.
A．the information received runs against your desire
B．facts can be twisted or totally ignored
C．importance of the contradictory information can be overrated (估計(jì)過(guò)高)
D．misbehaved children may not be punished

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Do you know of anyone who uses the truth to deceive(欺騙)?When someone tells you something that is true，but leaves out important information that should be included，he can give you a false picture．
For example，someone might say, ''I just won a hundred．dollars on the lottery(彩票)．It was great．I took that dollar ticket back to the store and turned it in for one hundred dollars!"．This guy's a winner，right? Maybe，maybe not．We then discover that he bought$200 worth of tickets, and only one was a winner．He’s really a big loser! He didn't say anything that was false，but he left out important information on purpose．That's called a half-truth．Half truths are not technically lies，but they are just as dishonest．
Some politicians often use this trick．Let’s say that during Governor Smith’s last term，her state lost one million jobs and gained three million jobs．Then she seeks another term．One of her opponents says, “During Governor Smith’s term，the state lost one million jobs!” That’s true．However，an honest statement would have been，“During Governor Smith’s term, the state had a net gain of two million jobs.”
Advertisers will sometimes use half-truths．It's against the law to make false statements so they try to mislead you with the truth．An advertisement might say，''Nine out of ten doctors advised their patients to take Yucky Pills to cure toothache．'' It fails to mention that they only asked ten doctors and nine of them work for the Yucky Company．
This kind of deception happens too often．It’s a sad fact of life：Lies are lies，and sometimes the truth can 1ie as well．
小題1:The underlined word“opponents”in Paragraph 3 means            ．
A．enemyB．partnerC．cooperatorD．a(chǎn)ssistant
小題2:We may infer that the author believes people should            ．
A．buy lottery tickets if possible
B．make use of half-truths
C．be careful about what they are told
D．not trust the Yucky Company
小題3:How many examples does the writer give to show how the truth is used to deceive?
A．One．B．Two．C．Three．D．Four．
小題4:Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．Using half truths is against the law．
B．Technically，half truths are in fact lies．
C．Yucky Pills is a very good medicine for toothache．
D．Governor Smith did a good job during her last term．
小題5:M1ich of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?
A．He’s really a big loser!
B．Sometimes the truth can lie as well．
C．Advertisers will sometimes use half truths．
D．It’s against the law to make false statements．

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Where Are We Going, Dad? has become one of China's most popular television shows, since its debut (首次登場(chǎng)) in October, averaging more than 600 million viewers each week. Sponsorship rights (冠名權(quán)) for the show's second season were sold for 312 million yuan (about $ 50 million), more than ten times higher than the rights to the first season.
What accounts for its popularity? The show features a new generation of Chinese fathers, who, as part of the country’s new middle class, have faced more problems with modern child-raising techniques such as taking an active role with their children.
Part of the appeal of the show is the chance to throw a glance at the lives of Chinese celebrities (名流) and their children. Audiences are interested in watching the failed attempts of celebrity dads making dinner, doing hair, and disciplining (管教) children -- tasks often left to mothers in a society still influenced by the saying that “men rule outside and women are inside.” “In traditional Chinese culture, fathers are strict and mothers are kind. But on the show, we see fathers who are much gentler on their kids and more involved in their upbringing, ” said Li Minyi, an associate professor. “This show raises an important question for modern Chinese society -- what is the role of fathers in today’s China?”
After each episode (集) goes to air, the Chinese internet explodes with comments on each celebrity's parenting style.
Actor Guo Tao tries to communicate with his son, Shitou, but is seen as a more traditional Chinese father, and has been criticised online for being too harsh. Zhang Liang, a supermodel, is an audience favorite for treating his son, Tiantian, more like a friend. The show’s most famous celebrity, Lin Zhiying, a film star, was originally praised as patient with his son Kimi. But as the season progresses, fans begin to criticise him for raising a spoiled, undisciplined boy. Director Wang Yuelun is at a complete loss when it comes to care of his daughter’s hair.
Even the People's Daily is pleased with the success of the show.
小題1:Sponsorship rights for the show’s first season were sold for about______.
A．312 million yuanB．50 million yuan
C．31 million yuanD．600 million yuan
小題2:According to the passage, the show______.
A．gives audiences the chance to raise the star's children themselves
B．invites some famous film stars to take part in it
C．lets people think about the role of fathers in modern families
D．raises people's concern about women's role in the society
小題3:The underlined word “harsh" in the fifth paragraph most probably means “______”.
A．carelessB．strictC．clumsyD．kind
小題4:According to the writer, ______is the most successful father.
A．Guo TaoB．Zhang Liang C．Lin ZhiyingD．Wang Yuelun

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It’s really true what people say about English politeness: it’s everywhere. When squeezing  past someone in a narrow passage, people say “sorry”. When getting off a bus, English passengers say “thank you” rather than the driver. In Germany, people would never dream of doing these things. After all, squeezing past others is sometimes unavoidable, and the bus driver is only doing his job. I used to think the same way, without questioning it, until I started traveling to the British Isles, and here are some more polite ways of interacting  with people in UK.
People thank each other everywhere in England, all the time. When people buy something in a shop, customer and shop assistant in most cases thank each other twice or more. In Germany, it would be exceptional to hear more than one thank you in such a conversation. British students thank their lecturers when leaving the room. English employers thank their employees for doing their jobs, as opposite to Germans, who would normally think that paying their workers money is already enough.
Another thing I observed during my stay was that English people rarely criticize others. Even when I was working and mistakes were pointed out to me, my employers emphasized several times but none of their explanations were intended as criticism. It has been my impression that by avoiding criticism, English people are making an effort to make others feel comfortable. This also is showed in other ways. British men still open doors for women, and British men are more likely to treat women to a meal than German men. However, I do need to point out here that this applies to English men a bit more than it would to Scottish men! Yes, the latter are a bit tightfisted.
小題1:What is the author’s attitude towards English politeness?
A．He thinks it is unnecessary.B．He thinks little of it.
C．He appreciates it very much.D．He thinks it goes too far.
小題2:What can be inferred from the passage?
A．German men never treat a woman to dinner.
B．The author think it’s unnecessary to say “thank you” to the bus driver.
C．In Germany, employers often say “thank you” to employees for their job.
D．Germans think it is unnecessary to thank workers because payment is enough.
小題3:We can learn from the last paragraph that Scottish men ______.
A．like to fight with each other
B．treat women in a polite way
C．a(chǎn)re as generous as English men
D．a(chǎn)re unwilling to spend money for women
小題4:The author develops the text through the method of ______.
A．making comparisonsB．telling storiesC．giving reasonsD．giving examples

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

I have nothing to say about whether or not “A Day Without Immigrants(移民)” had a positive or negative effect on the question of how the federal government should deal with the huge population of undocumented illegal immigrants in this country. I'll leave that question to others.
Regardless of how you feel about the event, one conclusion is obvious. Using the theme of “A Day Without” as a way to focus national attention on a particular subject is a great idea, and could serve as a method for increasing public consciousness about other issues that affect daily life in America. Here are my top three examples:
“A Day Without Speeding.” How hard could this be? If all drivers would strictly obey every posted speed limit on highways, downtown, on neighborhood streets, and in parking lots for one 24-hour cycle, the benefits would be huge.
“A Day Without Losing Your Temper.” A higher degree of difficulty here, and I know that from personal experience. When something goes wrong at home or on the job, there may be brief satisfaction in yelling or kicking the furniture, but bursting into anger usually has nothing to do with the approach to the heart of the matter.
“A Day Without Having All The Answers.” I would like to get a break from hearing anyone speak the phrase, “Here’s what you’re doing wrong.” Right now the US is packed with citizens who believe they can point out the cause of every single problem in existence and then solve it in a moment. I believe they need to be quiet sometimes and use their ears instead of their voices.
I wonder how would average Americans react to such a national pause? Would it be a day of reaction against anger, or joyful celebrations?
小題1:The first paragraph suggests ________.
A．the writer is against “A Day Without Immigrants”
B．immigrants are not equally treated by the US government
C．the immigrants issue is so complex that the author has to refer to others
D．some move to America without the permission of the US government
小題2:The author uses his “top three examples” to________.
A．criticize the undocumented illegal immigrants in America
B．show public consciousness of some subjects could be raised
C．encourage common people to create more similar activities
D．indicate some bothering issues affecting people’s daily life
小題3:According to the author, losing one’s temper is ________.
A．unpleasant B．pointlessC．relaxingD．personal
小題4:The writer suggests “a day without having all the answers”, because ________.
A．he thinks the Americans are too proud
B．he wants to have a chance to speak his mind
C．he expects others to keep quiet and calm
D．he hopes to get a break from the problems

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Endless playing of songs like All I Want For Christmas in shops during the festive season doesn’t just drive us mad—the songs also make us more careless with our money, research has warned.
While repeated performance of Jingle Bells may seem like an innocent attempt to raise customers’ spirits during the nightmare of Christmas shopping, the songs also have a more delicate impact.
“Background music, or ‘muzak’, can be used by marketers to impose cultures—such as the commercialization of Christmas—onto consumers and influence their behaviour, ”experts said.
Dr. Alan Bradshaw of Royal Holloway, University of London, said, “Festive jingles are force-fed to Christmas shoppers in a bid to change their mood, influence their sense of time and what sort of products they buy. In other words, this is an attempt to control your shopping habits in a way that you might hardly be aware of.”
“Often we are told that we have the freedom to choose where we want to shop, but during Christmas the use of music in this way is so common that our freedom to choose disappears.”
Dr. Bradshaw and Prof Morris Holbrook of Columbia University examined the phenomenon and found that retailers often “dumb down” the music played in shops to relax customers, meaning it is easier to control their behaviour.
It is thought that slowing down the rhythm of music in shops can trick customers into thinking less time has passed, and therefore spend more time examining the shelves, for example.
Some providers of background music have been known to promote their services by claiming they can boost profits by controlling the behaviour of customers.
“A common trick is to take a popular current song and record an instrumental version which can be slowed down or sped up at different time of the day to influence behaviour in different ways,” Dr Bradshaw said.
Background music is often classed as “Muzak” in honor of the Seattle-based company which began producing its soft-sounding melodies in the 1930s.
小題1:According to Dr. Bradshaw, in what ways does Christmas music influence customers?
①their mood ②their income ③their sense of time ④the sort of products they buy
A．①②③B．①③④C．②③④D．①②④
小題2:Shopkers slow down the rhythm of music in shops to__________.
A．let customers spend more time shopping
B．make customers and sales assistants relaxed
C．let customers enjoy the beautiful music
D．help customers find what they really want
小題3:What kind of music is now often adapted to influence customers in shops?
A．Classical music.B．Popular modern songs.
C．Folk songs.D．Jazz music.

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