Our eating habits have changed, ______ has our way of life.

A．like

B．a(chǎn)s

C．but

D．nor

 

【答案】

B

【解析】略

 

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2012-2013學(xué)年廣東省汕頭市金山中學(xué)高二10月月考英語(yǔ)試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解

We each have a unique genetic (基因的，遺傳的) make-up. Every cell of your body has the same set of about 100,000 separate genes made of DNA. These are the instructions for producing a person. Genes decide everything from the colour of your skin to the way your brain works. You have one of several billion combinations of DNA which come from the random mixing of your parents’ genes. Except for identical twins (同卵雙胞胎), no one has the same combination as another person. You are unique! You are unique in another way too: in the way you are raised and all the experiences you have from before birth to adult life. These experiences influence you, your behaviour and attitudes, and the choices you make.
But are genes or life experiences more important in shaping your appearance and personality? Scientists are studying twins to find out. One set of twins occurs every 70 births---some are identical and others are non-identical twins. Identical twins are special because they share exactly the same genes and often the same environment. Non-identical twins are more like ordinary brothers and sisters.
Some identical twins have been adopted and brought up in different homes. With identical genes but a different home environment, scientists can study twins to see how much a particular feature depends on the genes we inherit. For example, we know that eye problems, like short-sightedness, are mostly genetic. But resistance to pain is largely dependent on experiences. Genes also influence our eating habits. Identical twins brought up apart often like to eat at the same time of day and feel full after eating the same amount. Non-identical twins in similar circumstances have more varied eating habits. Identical twins are also more likely to follow the same patterns for marriage and divorce than non-identical twins.
Scientists are trying to identify the different genes that influence our behaviour. Some people are thrill-seekers and get into risk-taking and adventurous activities. They take up extreme sports like bungee jumping and possibly take drugs. Scientists have discovered a gene which affects this.
We could ask, “Are our lives determined by our genes or our upbringing?” Scientists are learning more all the time, but it is certainly true that both are important in making us who we are.
【小題1】What is the main idea of the first paragraph?

A．We cannot easily change our physical appearance.
B．How we turn out depends on our parents’ genes.
C．Everyone has a physical double somewhere in the world.
D．Both our genes and our experiences make us who we are.
【小題2】Why are scientists studying twins?
A．To find out how many twins are born every year.
B．To discover what shapes us as individuals.
C．To compare differences between twins.
D．To study brother-and-sister relationships.
【小題3】According to the passage, __________.
A．one in 70 twins are genetically identical
B．non-identical twins are usually not of the same sex
C．twins separated at birth behave exactly the same
D．identical twins are genetically the same
【小題4】Which of the following is most affected by experience according the passage?
A．Eating habits. B．Eye-sight. C．Pain resistance. D．Marriage patterns.
【小題5】What does the underlined “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A．Our love of sport.B．Our attitude to risk-taking.
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When I was a kid, I used to spend hours listening to Adam Carolla and Dr. Drew Pinsky on their Sunday night radio show Loveline. I listened so often that I began to use one of their well-known phrases—“good times”—in my daily conversations. Scientists have a name for this phenomenon: behavioral mimicry.
You’ve probably experienced this before: after spending enough time with another person, you might start to pick up on his or her behavior or speech habits. You might even start to develop your friend’s habits without realizing it. There is a large body of literature concerning this sort of phenomenon, and it regularly happens for everything from body gesture to accents to drink patterns（模式）. For example, one study found that young adults were more likely to drink their drink directly after their same-sex drinking partners, than for the two individuals to drink at their own paces.
And the effect isn’t limited to real-life face-to-face activities. Another study found that the same you-drink-then-I-drink pattern held even when watching a movie! In other words, people were more likely to take a drink of their drinks in a theater after watching the actors on the screen enjoy a drink. At least I don’t feel so strange anymore, having picked up on Adam Carolla’s “good times”.
New research published today in the journal PLOS ONE indicates that the same sort of behavioral mimicry is responsible for social eating, at least among university-age women of normal weight. That’s right: the young women were more likely to adjust their eating according to the eating pace of their same-sex dining companion.
As with most experiments, these results raise a whole new set of questions. However, the finding that behavioral mimicry may at least partly explain eating behavior is important, and has real effects on health. The researchers note that “as long as people don’t fully recognize such important influences on intake (eating), it will be difficult to make healthy food choices and keep a healthy diet, especially when people are exposed to the eating behavior of others”.
【小題1】The author takes his own example of using “good times” to_______.

A．express his love for radio shows
B．prove the popularity of the show
C．show the influence of the hosts’ words
D．introduce the topic of the passage
【小題2】Which of the following is NOT an example of behavioral mimicry?
A．A boy eats his popcorn after watching the actor eat.
B．A boy buys a Nike shirt when he finds his desk-mate has one.
C．A girl unconsciously sits straight just as others do.
D．A girl takes on the Yorkshire accent after a month’s stay.
【小題3】It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _______.
A．behavioral mimicry is beneficial to our health
B．behavioral mimicry decides our eating behavior
C．people have realized the effect of behavioral mimicry on our health
D．It’s impossible to keep a healthy diet without knowing behavioral mimicry
【小題4】What is probably the author’s purpose of writing this passage?
A．To draw readers’ attention to popular radio shows.
B．To introduce behavioral mimicry and its influence.
C．To appeal to readers not to fall into others’ habits.
D．To advocate healthy food choices among readers.

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We each have a unique genetic (基因的，遺傳的) make-up. Every cell of your body has the same set of about 100,000 separate genes made of DNA. These are the instructions for producing a person. Genes decide everything from the colour of your skin to the way your brain works. You have one of several billion combinations of DNA which come from the random mixing of your parents’ genes. Except for identical twins (同卵雙胞胎), no one has the same combination as another person. You are unique! You are unique in another way too: in the way you are raised and all the experiences you have from before birth to adult life. These experiences influence you, your behaviour and attitudes, and the choices you make.

But are genes or life experiences more important in shaping your appearance and personality? Scientists are studying twins to find out. One set of twins occurs every 70 births---some are identical and others are non-identical twins. Identical twins are special because they share exactly the same genes and often the same environment. Non-identical twins are more like ordinary brothers and sisters.

Some identical twins have been adopted and brought up in different homes. With identical genes but a different home environment, scientists can study twins to see how much a particular feature depends on the genes we inherit. For example, we know that eye problems, like short-sightedness, are mostly genetic. But resistance to pain is largely dependent on experiences. Genes also influence our eating habits. Identical twins brought up apart often like to eat at the same time of day and feel full after eating the same amount. Non-identical twins in similar circumstances have more varied eating habits. Identical twins are also more likely to follow the same patterns for marriage and divorce than non-identical twins.

Scientists are trying to identify the different genes that influence our behaviour. Some people are thrill-seekers and get into risk-taking and adventurous activities. They take up extreme sports like bungee jumping and possibly take drugs. Scientists have discovered a gene which affects this.

We could ask, “Are our lives determined by our genes or our upbringing?” Scientists are learning more all the time, but it is certainly true that both are important in making us who we are.

1.What is the main idea of the first paragraph?

   A. We cannot easily change our physical appearance.

   B. How we turn out depends on our parents’ genes.

   C. Everyone has a physical double somewhere in the world.

   D. Both our genes and our experiences make us who we are.

2.Why are scientists studying twins?

   A. To find out how many twins are born every year.

   B. To discover what shapes us as individuals.

   C. To compare differences between twins.

   D. To study brother-and-sister relationships.

3.According to the passage, __________.

   A. one in 70 twins are genetically identical

   B. non-identical twins are usually not of the same sex

   C. twins separated at birth behave exactly the same

   D. identical twins are genetically the same

4.Which of the following is most affected by experience according the passage?

   A. Eating habits.   B. Eye-sight.   C. Pain resistance.   D. Marriage patterns.

5.What does the underlined “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to?

   A. Our love of sport.             B. Our attitude to risk-taking.

   C. Our skill at bungee jumping.    D. Our ability to take drugs.

 

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When I was a kid, I used to spend hours listening to Adam Carolla and Dr. Drew Pinsky on their Sunday night radio show Loveline. I listened so often that I began to use one of their well-known phrases—“good times”—in my daily conversations. Scientists have a name for this phenomenon: behavioral mimicry.

You’ve probably experienced this before: after spending enough time with another person, you might start to pick up on his or her behavior or speech habits. You might even start to develop your friend’s habits without realizing it. There is a large body of literature concerning this sort of phenomenon, and it regularly happens for everything from body postures to accents to drink patterns. For example, one study found that young adults were more likely to drink their drink directly after their same-sex drinking partners, than for the two individuals to drink at their own paces.

And the effect isn’t limited to real-life face-to-face activities. Another study found that the same you-drink-then-I-drink pattern held even when watching a movie! In other words, people were more likely to take a drink of their drinks in a theater after watching the actors on the screen enjoy a drink. At least I don’t feel so strange anymore, having picked up on Adam Carolla’s “good times”.

New research published today in the journal PLOS ONE indicates that the same sort of behavioral mimicry is responsible for social eating, at least among university-age women of normal weight. That’s right: the young women were more likely to adjust their eating according to the eating pace of their same-sex dining companion.

As with most experiments, these results raise a whole new set of questions. Still, the finding that behavioral mimicry may at least partly account for eating behavior is important, and has real effects on health. The researchers note that “as long as people don’t fully recognize such important influences on intake, it will be difficult to make healthy food choices and keep a healthy diet, especially when people are exposed to the eating behavior of others”.

1.The author takes his own example of using “good times” to _________.

A. express his love for radio shows

B. prove the popularity of the show

C. show the influence of the hosts’ words

D. introduce the topic of the passage

2.The underlined word “mimicry” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _________.

A. copying

B. adjusting

C. recognition

D. observation

3.Which of the following is NOT an example of behavioral mimicry?

A. A boy eats his popcorn after watching the actor eat.

B. A boy buys a Nike shirt when he finds his desk-mate has one.

C. A girl unconsciously sits straight just as others do.

D. A girl takes on the Yorkshire accent after a month’s stay.

4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _________.

A. behavioral mimicry is beneficial to our health

B. behavioral mimicry decides our eating behavior

C. there are doubts on the research results

D. there are people always exposed to bad eating habits

5.What is probably the author’s purpose of writing this passage?

A. To draw readers’ attention to popular radio shows.

B. To introduce behavioral mimicry and its influence.

C. To appeal to readers not to fall into others’ habits.

D. To advocate healthy food choices among readers.

 

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