Earlier this year, the Environmental Protection Agency proposed a stricter nationwide health standard for smog-causing pollutants that would bring substantial benefits to millions of Americans. With a final rule expected by the end of this month, some opponents, mainly from industrial and oil-producing states, are pushing back. They say investments required to produce cleaner air are too expensive and not scientifically justified.
Lisa Jackson, the E.P.A. administrator, needs to stick to her guns. This is only the first of several political tests to come this fall, as she also seeks to tighten rules governing individual pollutants like mercury and global warming gases like carbon dioxide.
The health standard she is proposing covers ground-level ozone, commonly known as smog, which is formed when sunlight mixes with pollutants from factories, refineries, power plants and automobiles. Ozone is a major health threat, contributing to heart disease and various respiratory (呼吸道的) problems.
Ms. Jackson’s proposal—to reduce the permitted level of smog in the air from the current 75 parts per billion to between 60 parts per billion and 70 parts per billion—is sensible, no matter what industry’s defenders may claim. It had been recommended by the agency’s independent scientific panel but rejected by the Bush administration, which proposed a weaker standard.
Industry will have to make investments in cleaner power plants, and new technologies may be required. As it is, about half the counties that monitor ozone levels are not yet in compliance with current standards, let alone the proposed standard.
Fears about burdening industry raised by critics like George Voinovich, a Republican of Ohio, and Mary Landrieu, a Democrat of Louisiana, cannot be dismissed out of hand, especially in the middle of a recession (蕭條). But the health benefits, E.P.A. says, far outweigh the costs, and the time frame for compliance (服從) is generous.
【小題1】Why are some people strongly against a stricter limitation of smog-caused pollutants?
A.Because they have to live a poorer life. |
B.Because they think they have to spend more money. |
C.Because they hold different political view. |
D.Because they want to make more money. |
A.To reduce the permitted smog level as much as possible. |
B.To raise the permitted smog level as much as possible. |
C.To keep the permitted smog level from 60 to 70 to 75 parts per billion. |
D.To lower the permitted smog level from 75 to 60 to 70 parts per billion. |
A.Objective. | B.Subjective. | C.Critical. | D.Unknown. |
A.Cleaner power plant on the way. |
B.Say no to smog pollutants. |
C.Lower smog pollutant, better our life. |
D.Debate on smog pollutants. |
【小題1】B
【小題2】D
【小題3】A
【小題4】C
解析試題分析:本文論述了美國的環(huán)境保護局提出為了人們的健康,要求各公司各企業(yè)要采取措施,減少污染的排放,可是提議遭到了一些企業(yè)主的反對,他們認(rèn)為排污的設(shè)備和技術(shù)的投資太大,一些比批評家也說在經(jīng)濟蕭條期要做到減少排污量很難。
【小題1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)They say investments required to produce cleaner air are too expensive and not scientifically justified.減少污染的投資太大,故選B。
【小題2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ms. Jackson’s proposal—to reduce the permitted level of smog in the air from the current 75 parts per billion to between 60 parts per billion and 70 parts per billion—is sensible, no matter what industry’s defenders may claim. 故選D。
【小題3】作者態(tài)度題。根據(jù)Objective 客觀的;Subjective主觀的; Critical.批評的; Unknown不知道。As it is, about half the counties that monitor ozone levels are not yet in compliance with current standards, let alone the proposed standard.
作者只是客觀的描述事實,所以應(yīng)選A。
【小題4】標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)整篇短文的意思可知是在倡導(dǎo)減少污染還人們一個美好的生活,故選C。
考點:環(huán)保類短文閱讀。
點評:態(tài)度題是英語閱讀中的一種重要題型,主要考查對文章中作者態(tài)度的辨別。作者態(tài)度大致分為兩種:(1)支持或贊同;(2)中立或客觀;(3)懷疑、批評或反對。題干中有attitude或think,believe,deem,consider,regard等詞匯,選項中是一些表示態(tài)度的名詞或形容詞。
科目:高中英語 來源: 題型:閱讀理解
“Racism (種族歧視) is a grown-up disease,” declares the saying on Ruby Bridge’s website along with a photo of Mrs. Bridge today, a 6-year-old girl four decades ago. In the photo, she is walking up the steps of the William Frantz Public School in New Orleans, a little black girl accompanied by two officers who protect her on her way to school.
Her name then was Ruby Nell. It was Nov. 14, 1960. She was the first black child to enroll at this all-white elementary school according to the court order to desegregate in New Orleans schools. Her story is moving -- she was a very courageous child -- and remains a significant proof against intolerance (不寬容) of all kinds. Ruby’s photo brings out another powerful image on her website: Norman Rockwells symbolic painting for Look magazine on Jan. 14, 1964, “The Problem We All Live With.”
Rockwell was an illustrator of exceptional skill and charm. He produced a vast number of unforgettable images over a long career, many of them involving children. His American kids are innocent and appealing, but often, at the same time, decidedly naughty. His method was to photograph his models, and the resulting paintings were photographic. But it is revealing to see how the artist slightly changed facial expressions from photo to oil painting in order to make his paintings communicate with the viewer. Communication, even persuasion, lay at the back of his work; this was art for effect.
“The Problem We All Live With” belongs to Rockwell’s later work, when he began openly showing his strong belief in liberty. This is a highly persuasive image. Before he arrived at the final copy, one sketch (草圖) shows the little girl closer to the two officers following her than to those in front. In the finished picture, the girl seems more determined, independent, and untouched. The unfriendly tomatoes thrown on the wall are behind her now, and she, is completely unaffected.
Ruby Nell was protected by officers on her way to school, because .
A.she was a little fighter against racism
B.she was very young, short and timid
C.she was the first black to study in an all-white school
D.she was chosen by the com t0be’wi’th white children
According to the passage, “The Problem We All Live With” is a(n) .
A.social program for American children
B.famous painting by Norman Rockwell
C.photo displayed on Ruby Bridges’ website
D.exhibition at the Norman Rockwell Museum
The word “desegregate” in paragraph 2 probably means“ ”.
A.fight against the white B.end racial separation
C.struggle for freedom D.stop the black-white conflict
The main topic of this passage is .
A.how Rockwell encouraged Ruby to fight against racism
B.how Ruby won her fight to go to an all-white school
C.how Rockwell expressed his protest in .Iris work
D.how persuasive Rockwell’s earlier work of art is
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科目:高中英語 來源:2013屆陜西省寶雞中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期月考(三)英語試卷(帶解析) 題型:閱讀理解
One of my wonderful memories is about a Christmas gift. Unlike other gifts,it came without wrap(包裝).
On September 11 th , 1 958,Mum gave birth to Richard.After she brought him home from hospital,she put him in my lap,saying, “I promised you a gift, and here it is.” What an honor! I turned four a month earlier and none of my friends had such a baby doll of their own.I played with it day and night. I sang to it, I told it stories.I told it over and over how much I loved it!
One morning, however,I found its bed empty. My doll was gone! I cried for it.Mum wept and told me that the poor little thing had been sent to a hospital.It had a fever. For several days,I heard Mum and Dad whispering such words as “hopeless”,“pitiful",and “dying”, which sounded Ominous.
Christmas was coming, “Don’t expect any presents this year,” Dad said, pointing at the socks I hung in the living room. “If your baby brother lives, that’ll be Christmas enough.” As he spoke,his eyes filled with tears. I’d never seen him cry before.
The phone rang early on Christmas morning.Dad jumped out of bed to answer it.From my bedroom I heard him say, “What? He’s all right?” He hung up and shouted upstairs. “The hospital said we can bring Richard home!” “Thank God!” I heard Mum cry.
From the window upstairs,I watched my parents rush out to the car.I had never seen them so happy. And I was also full of joy. What a wonderful day! My baby doll would be home. I ran downstairs. My socks still hung there flat.But I knew they were not empty: they were filled with love !
【小題1】What happened to the author on September 11th,1958?
A.He got a baby brother. | B.He got a Christmas gift. |
C.He became four years old. | D.He received a doll. |
A.Impossible. | B.Boring. | C.Difficult. | D.Fearful. |
A.Excitement. | B.Happiness. | C.Sadness. | D.Disappointment. |
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科目:高中英語 來源:湖南省長郡中學(xué)2010屆高三下學(xué)期五月模擬考試英語試卷 題型:閱讀理解
A plane crash in Western Russian killed Polish President Lech Kaczynski and the other 96 political and military officials on board on April 10. The accident has led to huge national mourning in Poland. But it may provide an opportunity for reconciliation (和解) between Poland and Russia, countries that have a troubled relationship.
Many from the political elite were lost in the crash. Beside the president, the dead include the army chief of Staff, the head of National Security Bureau, the national bank president, the deputy foreign minister and other members of parliament.
The Polish delegation was heading to Russia to mark the 70 th anniversary of the Katyn Massacre (屠殺) when the accident occurred. In 1940, about 22,000 Polish soldiers, intellectuals, and officials captured after the Soviet Army invaded Poland in 1939, were killed secretly by Soviet police in the forest of Russia’s Katyn.
The Katyn Massacre had been a sensitive topic between the countries. The former Soviet Union always denied responsibility for the massacre. It was not until 1992 that Russian released archived documents about the killing.
Katyn is merely a short chapter in Poland and Russia’s long and troubled history. In the 18 th century, along with Prussia, (then an important part of Germany) and Austria. Russia participated in three carve – ups of Poland. In 1795, after the third carve – up, the country was erased from the map of Europe. It was in 1918 that Poland regained its independence. But in 1939, at the beginning of the World War II, it was invaded by Germany and the Soviet Union under a secret pact. After the war, Poland became a communist country with close ties to the Soviet Union.
In 1989, Poland switched to capitalism and pursued a pro – West position. The most recent tension between the two countries was in 2008. That year, Poland decided to have a US missile shield (導(dǎo)彈防御系統(tǒng)) on its soil, while neighboring Russia threatened to aim missiles at Poland.
But the plane crash has created a chance for reconciliation, with Russia sharing the sadness of Poland. Russia has declared April 12 a day of mourning for the victims. Flags flew at half – mast in Moscow. And earlier on April 7, Russia Prime Minister Vladimir Putin became the first Russian leader to mark the anniversary of the massacre.
“I think it should improve relations between the two countries, as Russians feel our grief,” said Radek Sikorski, Pland’s foreign minister.
66.Put the following events in order of time.
①The Katyn Massacre
②Poland switched to capitalism.
③Russia divided Poland with Austria and Prussia.
④Poland became a communist country.
⑤Poland was invaded by the Soviet Army.
A.③①④⑤② B.③⑤①④② C.①③⑤④② D.①⑤②④③
67.After the accident, which of the following did Russia do to share the sadness of Poland?
A.Flags were lowed to half – mast in the capital city of Russia.
B.Russia threatened to aim missiles at Poland.
C.Russia declared the day when the accident happened a day of mourning for the victims.
D.Vladimir Putin marked the anniversary of the massacre.
68.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.The Katyn Massacre was the very beginning of Poland and Russia’s trouble relationship.
B.In 1939 about 22,000 Polish soldiers, intellectuals, and officials were killed by Soviet police in the forest of Russia’s Katyn.
C.Altogether 96 political and military officials were killed in the accident.
D.The relationship between Poland and Russia has not always been tense since the three carve – ups of Poland in the 18 th century.
69.It can be conclude from the article that .
A.the relationship between Poland and Russia will be even tenser than before
B.Poland will cancel its plan to mark the anniversary of the Katyn Massacre
C.no Russian leaders have marked the anniversary of the massacre before, though Russia released the truth in 1992.
D.Poland will forgive Russians, for they showed great sympathy after the accident.
70.What would be the best title for the passage?
A.The troubled relationship between Russia and Poland.
B.Poland and Russia united by tragedy.
C.The 70 th anniversary of the Katyn Massacre.
D.A plane crash killing Polish president.
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科目:高中英語 來源:2011屆廣東省南塘中學(xué)高三9月月考英語卷 題型:閱讀理解
“Racism (種族歧視) is a grown-up disease,” declares the saying on Ruby Bridge’s website along with a photo of Mrs. Bridge today, a 6-year-old girl four decades ago. In the photo, she is walking up the steps of the William Frantz Public School in New Orleans, a little black girl accompanied by two officers who protect her on her way to school.
Her name then was Ruby Nell. It was Nov. 14, 1960. She was the first black child to enroll at this all-white elementary school according to the court order to desegregate in New Orleans schools. Her story is moving -- she was a very courageous child -- and remains a significant proof against intolerance (不寬容) of all kinds. Ruby’s photo brings out another powerful image on her website: Norman Rockwells symbolic painting for Look magazine on Jan. 14, 1964, “The Problem We All Live With.”
Rockwell was an illustrator of exceptional skill and charm. He produced a vast number of unforgettable images over a long career, many of them involving children. His American kids are innocent and appealing, but often, at the same time, decidedly naughty. His method was to photograph his models, and the resulting paintings were photographic. But it is revealing to see how the artist slightly changed facial expressions from photo to oil painting in order to make his paintings communicate with the viewer. Communication, even persuasion, lay at the back of his work; this was art for effect.
“The Problem We All Live With” belongs to Rockwell’s later work, when he began openly showing his strong belief in liberty. This is a highly persuasive image. Before he arrived at the final copy, one sketch (草圖) shows the little girl closer to the two officers following her than to those in front. In the finished picture, the girl seems more determined, independent, and untouched. The unfriendly tomatoes thrown on the wall are behind her now, and she, is completely unaffected.
【小題1】Ruby Nell was protected by officers on her way to school, because .
A.she was a little fighter against racism |
B.she was very young, short and timid |
C.she was the first black to study in an all-white school |
D.she was chosen by the com t0be’wi’th white children |
A.social program for American children |
B.famous painting by Norman Rockwell |
C.photo displayed on Ruby Bridges’ website |
D.exhibition at the Norman Rockwell Museum |
A.fight against the white | B.end racial separation |
C.struggle for freedom | D.stop the black-white conflict |
A.how Rockwell encouraged Ruby to fight against racism |
B.how Ruby won her fight to go to an all-white school |
C.how Rockwell expressed his protest in .Iris work |
D.how persuasive Rockwell’s earlier work of art is |
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科目:高中英語 來源:2010-2011學(xué)年廣東省高三9月月考英語卷 題型:閱讀理解
“Racism (種族歧視) is a grown-up disease,” declares the saying on Ruby Bridge’s website along with a photo of Mrs. Bridge today, a 6-year-old girl four decades ago. In the photo, she is walking up the steps of the William Frantz Public School in New Orleans, a little black girl accompanied by two officers who protect her on her way to school.
Her name then was Ruby Nell. It was Nov. 14, 1960. She was the first black child to enroll at this all-white elementary school according to the court order to desegregate in New Orleans schools. Her story is moving -- she was a very courageous child -- and remains a significant proof against intolerance (不寬容) of all kinds. Ruby’s photo brings out another powerful image on her website: Norman Rockwells symbolic painting for Look magazine on Jan. 14, 1964, “The Problem We All Live With.”
Rockwell was an illustrator of exceptional skill and charm. He produced a vast number of unforgettable images over a long career, many of them involving children. His American kids are innocent and appealing, but often, at the same time, decidedly naughty. His method was to photograph his models, and the resulting paintings were photographic. But it is revealing to see how the artist slightly changed facial expressions from photo to oil painting in order to make his paintings communicate with the viewer. Communication, even persuasion, lay at the back of his work; this was art for effect.
“The Problem We All Live With” belongs to Rockwell’s later work, when he began openly showing his strong belief in liberty. This is a highly persuasive image. Before he arrived at the final copy, one sketch (草圖) shows the little girl closer to the two officers following her than to those in front. In the finished picture, the girl seems more determined, independent, and untouched. The unfriendly tomatoes thrown on the wall are behind her now, and she, is completely unaffected.
1.Ruby Nell was protected by officers on her way to school, because .
A.she was a little fighter against racism |
B.she was very young, short and timid |
C.she was the first black to study in an all-white school |
D.she was chosen by the com t0be’wi’th white children |
2.According to the passage, “The Problem We All Live With” is a(n) .
A.social program for American children |
B.famous painting by Norman Rockwell |
C.photo displayed on Ruby Bridges’ website |
D.exhibition at the Norman Rockwell Museum |
3.The word “desegregate” in paragraph 2 probably means“ ”.
A.fight against the white |
B.end racial separation |
C.struggle for freedom |
D.stop the black-white conflict |
4.The main topic of this passage is .
A.how Rockwell encouraged Ruby to fight against racism |
B.how Ruby won her fight to go to an all-white school |
C.how Rockwell expressed his protest in .Iris work |
D.how persuasive Rockwell’s earlier work of art is |
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