Harvard researchers have created a tough, low-cost, biodegradable (可生物降解的) material inspired by insects' hard outer shells. The material's inventors say it has a number of possible uses and someday could provide a more environmentally friendly alternative to plastic. The material, made from shrimp ('蝦) shells and proteins produced from silk, is called "shrilk." It is thin, clear, flexible and strong.
A major benefit of the material is its biodegradability. Plastic's toughness and flexibility represented a revolution in materials science during the 1950s and '60s. Decades later, however, plastic's very durability (耐用性) is raising questions about how appropriate it is for one-time products such as plastic bags, or short-lived consumer goods, used in the home for a few years and then cast into a landfill where they will degrade for centuries. What is the point of making something that lasts 1,000 years?
Shrilk not only will degrade in a landfill, but its basic components are used as fertilizer(肥料), and so will enrich the soil.
Shrilk has great potential, the inventors said. Materials from which it is made are plentiful in nature, found in everything ranging from shrimp shells, insect bodies to living plants. That makes shrilk low cost, and its mass production possible should it be used for products demanding a lot of material.
Work on shrilk is continuing in the lab. The inventors said the material becomes flexible when wet, so they're exploring ways to use it in wet environments. They're also developing simpler production processes, which could be used for non-medical products, like for computer cases and other products inside the home. They're even exploring combining it with other materials, like carbon fibers, to give it new properties.
小題1:Paragraph I of the passage is mainly about shritk's_____.
A．remarkable designB．interesting name
C．major featuresD．basic elements
小題2:What has become a concern about plastic?
A．Using it properly.
B．Producing it cheaply.
C．Developing its properties quickly.
D．Evaluating its contributions fairly.
小題3:According to the inventors, shrilk has great potential partly because_____.
A．it can help plastic degrade
B．it can be found in living things
C．its mass production has been realized
D．its raw materials are abundant in mature
小題4:What are the inventors doing in the lab?
A．Replacing carbon fibers with shrilk.
B．Testing ahrilk's use in wet conditions.
C．Making shrilk out of used household goods.
D．Improving shrilk's flexibility for medical purposes.
小題5:Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．Recent Progress in Environmental Protection
B．Benefits of Insects in Scientific Research
C．The Harm of One-time Products
D．A Possible Alternative to Plastic

小題1:C
小題2:A
小題3:D
小題4:B
小題5:D
這是一篇新聞報道，事物類說明文，講述的主題是"shrilk."，哈佛大學(xué)的研究人員仿照昆蟲外殼研制出了一種既堅(jiān)硬又廉價的物質(zhì)。這種物質(zhì)由蝦殼和蠶絲提取物制作而成，可降解，非常環(huán)保。
小題1:段落大意題。第一段第一句介紹了shrilk的主要特征即tough, low-cost, biodegradable，而本句是本段的主題句。
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)考查題。由第二段的第二句Decades later, however, plastic’s very durability is raising questions about how appropriate it is for one-time products such as plastic bags, or short-lived consumer goods, used in home for a few years and then cast into a landfill where they will degrade for centuries.可知之。
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)考查題。由第四段的第二句可知之。
小題4:細(xì)節(jié)考查題。由第二段的第二句中的so they are exploring ways to use it in wet environment可知之。
小題5:主旨大意題。本文是新聞報道，主要介紹的是一種新環(huán)保材料shrilk。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The English, as a race, are very different in many ways from all other nationalities, including their closest neighbors, the French, the Belgians and the Dutch. It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest of Europe has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons are, it may be fairly stated that the Englishman has developed many attitudes and habits which distinguish him from other nationalities.
Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems restrained, even embarrassed. You have only to witness a city train any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or having a light sleep in a corner, and no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual. An Englishman, pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitors, once suggested, “On entering a railway carriage, shake hands with all the passengers.” Needless to say, he was not being serious. There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, if broken, makes the person immediately suspected.
In many parts of the world it is quite normal to show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion, excitement, etc, often accompanied by appropriate gesture. The Englishman is somewhat different. Of course, an Englishman feels no less deeply than anyone of a different nationality, but he tends to display his feelings far less. This is reflected in his use of language. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl. A more emotional man might describe her state “Oh, she is a goddess”, whereas an Englishman might just say “Oh, she’s all right.” An Englishman who has seen a highly successful and enjoyable film recommends it to a friend by commenting, “It’s not bad you know”, or on seeing some very unusual scenery he might convey (表達(dá)) his pleasure by saying, “Nice, yes, very nice.” The overseas visitor must not be disappointed by this apparent lack of interest and involvement. Instead, he must realize that “all right,” “not bad,” and “nice,” very often have the sense of “first-class,” “excellent,” “beautiful”. This unique style of language use is particularly common in England, and is known as restrained statement.
小題1:According to the passage, the English are different from other nationalities in _______.
A．habitsB．a(chǎn)ttitudesC．characterD．a(chǎn)ll of the above
小題2:The underlined word “restrained” in the second paragraph probably means “_______”. 
A．calm and controlledB．polite and friendly
C．nervous and quietD．silent and kind
小題3:In Britain, if you don’t want other people to think you are strange, you’d better _______.
A．talk with others as much as possible
B．behave just like the English do
C．say nothing about yourself
D．shake hands with everyone you meet
小題4:If an Englishman says “all right”, it may mean “_______”.  
A．not badB．correctC．quite rightD．wonderful
小題5:From the passage, we can infer that an Englishman _______.
A．doesn’t like to show his feelings so much
B．has less emotion than people of other nationalities
C．finds it easy to express his emotion
D．likes to have a joke with strangers

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

As soon as you meet, or even see, a person, you form an impression of him based on his posture, gestures and facial expressions. This is why it is important to make a good first impression on the person who will be interviewing you. Within the first 60 seconds of meeting you, the interviewer will have formed an impression about what type of person you are and what kind of employee you would become, and 55% of this will be based only on your body language. Here are some tips to make that impression a good one.
First of all, relax. Think positive thoughts and you are more likely to come across as a positive, confident person during the interview. Dress smartly, as your appearance is one of the first things an interviewer will notice you. Stand up straight, and walk in with your shoulders back and your head up. Try to avoid slowing down as you walk into the room because this suggests fear and uncertainty. Shake hands with the interviewer firmly. You should have a positive handshake and a warm smile. Opening your coat or jacket as you sit down shows that you, too, are open.
Posture is important. You should be sitting well back in your seat. Sit up straight and lean forward slightly, but not too much. Sitting at too much of an angle (角度) expresses discomfort and distrust. Tow of the most common defensive (防衛(wèi)的) signals are crossing your arms and legs, so try to avoid them.
Another important issue is eye contact. Looking someone in the eye shows confidence in yourself and trust in the other person. However, don’t overdo it, as too much eye contact or staring will make the other person uncomfortable. Use more eye contact when listening than when talking, and when you look away, look down. Looking up at the ceiling will make you seem bored or rude.
小題1:The purpose of the first paragraph is to tell readers      .
A．what a good first impression is
B．how to make a good first impression
C．how long it takes to make a first impression
D．the importance of making a good first impression
小題2:Which of the following does the author advise you to do when you are being interviewed?
A．Cross your arms or legs.
B．Open your coat or jacket when sitting down.
C．Go into the room more slowly than usual.
D．Avoid looking at the eyes of the interviewer directly.
小題3:If you lean forward too much, it means      .
A．you are very boredB．you are too nervous
C．you don’t have confidenceD．you don’t trust others
小題4:What is the best title for the text?
A．How to use body language to win an interview
B．How to answer questions in an interview
C．How to understand body language
D．How to deal with an interviewer

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It selves directly to bring about a rapid sale of goods at reasonable prices, so setting up a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at good prices. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps greatly to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it causes an increased need for labor, and is therefore a nice way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television program would need to be doubled, and travel by bus or subway would cost more.
And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a promise of reasonable value in the products and services you buy. Besides the fact that twenty-seven Acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so for long, for the public has the good sense not to buy the poor article more than once. If you see an article frequently advertised, it is the proof I know that the article does what is promised for it, and that it has good value.
Advertising does more for the good of the public than any other force I can think of.
There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a well-known television person declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was telling us the real difference. Of course advertising tries to persuade.
If its message were nothing but information, that would be difficult to get more people to buy, for even a detail such as the choice of the color of a shirt is a bit persuasive-advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television person wants.
小題1:By the first sentence of the passage the writer means that     .
A．he is fairly familiar with the cost of advertising
B．everybody knows well that advertising is a waste of money
C．a(chǎn)dvertising costs more money than everything else
D．money spent on advertising is worth while
小題2:In the passage, which of the following is NOT included in the advantages of advertising?
A．Getting greater fame.B．Providing more jobs.
C．Raising living standards.D．Reducing newspaper cost.
小題3:The author thinks that the well-known TV person is         .
A．quite right in passing his judgment on advertising
B．interested in nothing but the buyer’s attention
C．correct in telling the difference between persuasion and information
D．obviously unfair in his views on advertising
小題4:In the author’ opinion    .
A．a(chǎn)dvertising can seldom bring material benefit to man by providing information
B．a(chǎn)dvertising informs people of new ideas rather than wins them over
C．there is nothing wrong with advertising in persuading the buyer
D．the buyer is not interested in getting information from an advertisement

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Nowroz: Iranian New Year or Nowroz is celebrated on the first day of spring sometime in March. People sing, dance and parade as in a carnival through the streets with drums and trumpets to spread the news of the coming new year.
Rosh Hashanah: The Jewish New Year is called “Rosh Hashanah”, and is celebrated in the month of September. It is a holy (神圣的) time when people think of the things they have done wrong in the past, and promise to do better in the future. Special prayers are held, and an instrument called a Shofar is played. Children are given new clothes, and New Year loaves are baked and fruits are served to remind people of harvest time.
Shogatsu: In Japan, the New Year (Shogatsu) celebrations are from January 1 to January 3 and most Japanese don’t work during these days. In Japan, the New Year is a fresh start. This means that in December all duties should be completed. Parties are held to forget the worries and troubles of the old year. Homes and cars are decorated. On New Year’s Eve, most people spend their time with their families.
Bahai New Year: The Bahai people have their own calendar consisting of nineteen months of nineteen days plus a couple of extra days between the eighteenth and nineteenth months. They have, however, adopted the Iranian custom of beginning the New Year in the spring equinox (春分). The New Year celebrations are held on the evening of March 20th.
小題1:During the Jewish New Year,        .
A．people don’t mention things they have done wrong
B．children often wear new clothes
C．loaves and fruits are often not allowed to be served
D．Shofar is their favourite food
小題2:Which of the following festivals are celebrated in the same month?
A．Nowroz and Shogatsu.
B．Rosh Hashanah and Shogatsu.
C．Nowroz and Rosh Hashanah.
D．Nowroz and the Bahai New Year.
小題3:What can we learn from the text?
A. Japanese families often stay together to celebrate Shogatsu.
B. The Bahai people usually hold a carnival to celebrate the New Year.
C. The Jewish harvest fruits to celebrate Rosh Hashanah.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Every day, about one-quarter of American adults eat at fast-food restaurants. Cheap, tasty, and convenient, fast food is rich in fat and calories, and it’s low in fiber and nutrients. Thanks in large part to fast food, half of America’s adults and one-quarter of its children are fat, double the rate of a generation ago. In the past two decades, eating habits have changed as people pay more attention to their health. However, many Americans continue to eat red meat (beef in particular) as well as pork, chicken and other foods. Although beer and wine are popular in most areas, many Americans abstain from alcohol, because they think they will become healthier without drinking it. Various kinds of mineral water are commonly available.
Eating styles and habits vary between people of different backgrounds, but Americans generally eat with the fork in the hand with which they write. A knife is used for cutting and spreading; otherwise, it is laid on the plate or table. Fast foods, such as chips, fried chicken, hamburgers, and pizza, tend to be eaten with the fingers. There is an obvious difference between what people may do at home or in a fast-food restaurant, and how they act in a more formal restaurant. Because both parents often work outside the home, some Americans are less likely to sit down as a family to eat once the children are older and able to prepare their own food or serve themselves.
小題1:How many adults became fat after eating fast foods a generation ago?
A．12.5% of them B．25% of them
C．50% of themD．75% of them
小題2:American have changed their eating habits in the past twenty years because ______.
A．they want to keep healthy
B．economy develops faster
C．they have different backgrounds
D．they have to work outside
小題3:The underlined phrase “abstain from” in Para. 1 probably means ______.
A．feel like B．get close to C．suffer fromD．get rid of
小題4:We can infer from the passage ______.
A．some fast foods aren’ t eaten with tools in America
B．Americans always eat fried chicken with a knife
C．Americans prefer to eat outside than at home
D．Americans always go home having meals as a family
小題5:Which would be the best title of the passage?
A．Fast foods in the US.
B．Various cultures of the US.
C．Diet and eating in America.
D．Changes about Americans eating.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


India is traditionally a tea-drinking country. But, it is now gaining a new taste for coffee. This has led international coffee companies to consider opening businesses in the huge market. Local business people are also hoping to profit from the country’s tea-drinking habits. They want to open new stores that offer tea.
It is ten thirty in the morning in India. Two cafes are within meters of each other, near a college in New Delhi. And they are selling a lot of tea. Their main customers are undergraduate students.
“We have a lot of break between classes, so whenever we get time, we just go and we enjoy ourselves. It’s a lot of fun , especially when you are with people you enjoy spending time with.”
In the past ten years , cafes have become increasingly popular in India. The country’s huge young population have quickly taken to the coffee culture.
Coffee stores have spread from major cities like New Delhi and Mumbai to smaller towns. Coffee use has doubled in the last ten years . It is the success of this market that has gained the attention of companies like the American-based coffee chain Starbucks. The company will open its first store in India later this year. Other companies like Lavazza and Costa Coffee are already there.
Yet, the growth of coffee will not reduce the popularity of tea. Indians drink eight times more tea than coffee. They have been drinking tea for more than one hundred and fifty years. India is one of the world’s biggest producers of tea, which is known locally as “chai”. Outside homes and offices, it is mostly sold by small businesses on the street.
小題1:Why do international coffee companies consider opening businesses in India?
A．India consumes very little coffee.B．India has a large population.
C．People in India now prefer coffee to tea.D．Indians come to like the taste of coffee.
小題2:Which one is correct about undergraduate students?
A．They only have tea in the cafes.
B．They are the main customers in the cafes.
C．They like enjoying coffee with friends in cafes.
D．They like to go to the cafes to escape lessons.
小題3:What can we learn about coffee in India?
A．Coffee is consumed more than tea in India now.
B．Coffee is much more welcomed by young Indians than tea.
C．Coffee consumed today doubles that of ten years ago.
D．The growth of coffee will reduce the consumption.
小題4:Which statement is wrong according to the passage?
A．Coffee stores have spread to small towns in India.
B．Some foreign coffee companies are trying to open Indian coffee market.
C．Local people worry about losing profit on tea.
D．Indians drink eight times more tea than coffee.
小題5:What is the text mainly about?
A．Undergraduate students are main coffee consumers in India.
B．Indians mainly consume both tea and coffee.
C．India is traditionally a tea-drinking country.
D．India is becoming a big new coffee consuming country.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

The more accessible a company’s services are, the more business it will do. Why are the same ___1___ not applied when it comes to Internet websites then? A Hong Kong study has found that the local sites of two leading ___2___, McDonald’s and Motorola, are the most user-unfriendly of the 30 websites tested. The lack of ___3___ means they are not only losing customers, but ___4___ to meet their social responsibilities.
In an ever-more Internet-connected world, ___5___ are as important as physical shops or offices. They are ___6___ used as a way of banking, shopping and getting news. This is especially so for the disabled, who find it ___7___ to shop on-line than go to a store in person. A website that does not let them do this is the same as having a(n) "___8___" sign on a door. 
In Hong Kong, it is ___9___ not to provide the disabled with access to schools and buildings, but at present there are no specific laws on Internet accessibility. However, companies are morally responsible for ensuring that their websites can be ___10___ by people who are visually disabled or have difficulty walking around. Ideals for design have long been put forward by the World Wide Web Consortium, a global community working on open standards to ___11___ accessibility and development.
Computer technology is ___12___ fast and it is now much easier to create websites that are ___13___ for all people, sighted or disabled. Companies should ensure that the designers of their websites ___14___ guidelines for accessibility. We should try to make our city as ___15___ as possible, on-line and off.
小題1:
A．data B．principles C．experiences D．technologies
小題2:
A．companies B．products C．stores D．factories
小題3:
A．power B．study C．a(chǎn)ttractionD．a(chǎn)ccess
小題4:
A．deciding B．a(chǎn)ttempting C．failing D．stopping
小題5:
A．computers B．hotlines C．signals D．websites
小題6:
A．increasingly B．possibly C．extremely D．randomly
小題7:
A．cheaper B．safer C．easier D．quicker
小題8:
A．waiting B．sale C．open D．closed
小題9:
A．unreasonable B．illegal C．unimportant D．impolite
小題10:
A．found B．read C．known D．created
小題11:
A．permit. B．discover C．start D．ensure
小題12:
A．weakening B．dropping C．changing D．flying
小題13:
A．wonderful B．usable C．harmless D．profitable
小題14:
A．follow B．write C．break D．ignore
小題15:
A．beautiful B．wealthy C．a(chǎn)ccessible D．respectable

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Experts say that it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture. “Culture shock” is the term specialists use when talking about the feelings that people have in a new environment. “There are three stages of culture shock,” say the specialists. In the first stage, the newcomers like their new environment. Then, when the fresh experience dies, they begin to hate the city, the country, the people, and everything else. In the last stage, the newcomers begin to adjust to their surroundings and, as a result, enjoy their life more.
　　There are some obvious factors in culture shock. The weather may be unpleasant. The customs may be different. The public service systems---the telephone, post office, or transportation---may be difficult to work out. The simplest things seem to be big problems. The language may be difficult.
　　Who feels culture shock? Everyone does in this way or that. But culture shock surprises most people. Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who never had any difficulties in their home countries and were successful in their community. Coming to a new country, these people find they do not have the same established positions. They find themselves without a role, almost without an identity.
　　They have to build a new self-image.
　　Culture shock gives rises to a feeling of disorientation (迷惘). This feeling may be homesickness. When homesick, people feel like staying inside all the time. They want to protect themselves from the strange environment, and create and escape inside their room for a sense of security. This escape does solve the problem of culture shock for the short term, but it does nothing to make the person familiar with the culture. Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience are the long-term solutions to the problem of culture shock. 
小題1: When people move to a new country, they _________.
A．will get used to their new surroundings with difficulty
B．have well prepared for the new surroundings
C．will get used to the culture of the country quickly
D．will never be familiar with culture of the country
小題2:According to the passage, factors that give rise to culture shock include all of the following except __________.
A．language communicationB．weather conditions and customs
C．public service systemsD．homesickness
小題3:When people are homesick, they tend to ________.
A．find some people to talk toB．go outside to have a walk
C．visit their friends far awayD．stay indoors all the time
小題4:The writer tells us that the best way to overcome culture shock is to _______.
A．protect ourselves from unfamiliar environmentB．develop a strange sense of self-protection
C．get familiar with new cultureD．return to our own country

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