Every decision is made within a decision environment, which is defined as the collection of information, alternatives, values. Many decision makers have a(n)  50 to seek more information than required to make a good decision. When too much information is sought and obtained, one or more of several   51 can arise.
﹡ A   52  in the decision occurs because of the time required to obtain and process the extra information.
﹡  53  overload will occur. In this state, so much information is available that decision-making ability actually   54  because the information in its entirety can no longer be managed or assessed  55 . A major problem caused by information overload is  56 . When too much information is taken into memory, especially in a short period of time, some of the information (often that received early on) will be pushed out.
﹡Selective use of the information will occur.  57   , the decision maker will choose from among all the information available only those facts which support a preconceived(預(yù)先構(gòu)想的) solution or position.
﹡Mental fatigue occurs, which  58  slower work or poor quality work.
﹡  59   fatigue occurs, where the decision maker tires of making decisions. Often the result is fast, careless decisions or no decisions are made at all.
The quantity of information that can be processed by the human mind is limited. Unless information is  60 selected, processing will be biased toward the first part of the information received. After that, the mind tires and begins to  61 subsequent information or forget earlier information.
A common   62 about decision making is that decisions are made in isolation from each other: you gather information, explore alternatives, and  63 , without regard to anything that has gone before. The fact is, decisions are made in a context of other decisions.
We might say, then every decision  64  from previous decisions: enables many future decisions, and assists other future decisions.
小題1:
A．a(chǎn)bilityB．tendencyC．qualityD．strength
小題2:
A．a(chǎn)dvantagesB．a(chǎn)greementsC．decisionsD．problems
小題3:
A．delayB．possibilityC．solutionD．settlement
小題4:
A．LaborB．Knowledge C．InformationD．Intelligence
小題5:
A．eliminatesB．declinesC．qualifiesD．promotes
小題6:
A．relatively B．objectivelyC．a(chǎn)ppropriatelyD．personally
小題7:
A．forgetfulnessB．inconvenienceC．uselessnessD．disability
小題8:
A．After allB．In additionC．In shortD．That is to say
小題9:
A．suffers from B．deals withC．results in D．a(chǎn)pplies to
小題10:
A．BeautyB．MemoryC．SightD．Decision
小題11:
A．a(chǎn)ccidentallyB．consciouslyC．occasionallyD．independently
小題12:
A．ignoreB．selectC．storeD．process
小題13:
A．interestB．senseC．conclusionD．misunderstanding
小題14:
A．draw a conclusion B．made a choiceC．put it asideD．try it out
小題15:
A．preventsB．decidesC．infersD．follows

小題1:B
小題1:D
小題1:A
小題1:C
小題1:B
小題1:C
小題1:A
小題1:D
小題1:C
小題1:D
小題1:B
小題1:A
小題1:D
小題1:B
小題1:D
略
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In the past, American families tended to be quite large. Parents raising five or more children were common. Over the years, the size of the family has decreased. One reason for this is an increase in the cost of living. On the average, children attend schools for more years than they used to, making them financially dependent on their families longer. Moreover, children nowadays are better dressed and have more money to spend on entertainment. The parents usually take the responsibility for all the expenses. Meanwhile, families are less close than they used to be. More and more American mothers work away from home. The break up of the family occurs when the parents divorce. A lot of children in the U. S. live part of their young lives with only one parent. Broken families usually result in problems for children and parents alike. Children blame themselves when their parents separate. They grow up feeling unsettled as they are moved back and forth between parents. Usually one parent is responsible for raising the children. These single parents must care for the children’s emotional and psychological needs while also supporting them financially. This is very demanding and leaves very little time for the parent’s own personal interests. Single parents often marry other single parents. In this type of family, unrelated children are forced to develop brother or sister relationship. The situations of many American families today are not good. However, recent signs indicate that things are getting better. The divorce rate is declining. The rate of childbirth is rising. Perhaps Americans have learned how important families are.
小題1:In the past, American families tended to be ____.
A．quite smallB．medium sizedC．quite largeD．small
小題2:To parents who take the responsibility for children’s expenses, the cost of living increases because ____.
A．children attend school for more yearsB．children are better dressed
C．children spend more money on entertainmentD．a(chǎn)ll of the above
小題3:According to the author, the situations of American families in the future may ____.
A．become worseB．remain the same
C．get betterD．keep unchanged
小題4:The title of the article might be ____.
A．American ChildrenB．American Families
C．American MotherD．American Parents

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Even if you are naturally shy, these three tricks will help you to quickly build a new social circle in any new city.
1. Take pictures
One of the great things about taking pictures at an event or party is that it gives you an excuse to get in touch with the person later. Everybody loves seeing pictures of themselves, and it’s very easy after taking a picture to say “If you’d like I can email it to you”. This can be the seed that leads to new connections. The next time you hear about a fun event email your new contacts to let them know about it.
2. Eat alone in public
You might feel self-conscious eating by yourself but it has an important benefit: you are much easier to approach when you are alone. People may be afraid of interrupting you or being rude if you are in a conversation with someone else. Bring a book or newspaper to read (this will make you feel less self-conscious). Plus, having an interesting book with you will give others an excuse to start a conversation if they’ve read it.
3. Join a class, sports team, or club
Yoga, salsa dancing, volleyball, Toastmasters (a public speaking club), a class for work, etc. Take up a new hobby or continue an old one!
These are all great places to meet new people, primarily because you will be forced to see the same people over and over again in the class. You will automatically make friends with them if you have a common interest and are forced to see each other again.
Tips:
* In the beginning, never turn down an invitation from someone, even if it’s something you wouldn’t normally do.
* Email your new friends with fun things to do instead of always asking what their plans are. If they have a better plan you can drop yours and join them. This will help establish you as someone who is contributing value instead of just taking it (people want this in a friend).
* Don’t let little things in life upset you or be a negative person. People don’t want to be around someone like that!
小題1:____ can give you an excuse to start new connections.
A．Taking pictures of othersB．Eating by yourself in public
C．Reading interesting booksD．Joining group activities
小題2:When having meals, you’d better ____ if you want to make new friends.
A．sit on your own in public places
B．start a conversation with those who have friends aside
C．invite others to your apartment to eat together
D．a(chǎn)pproach others to show conscious friendliness
小題3:According to the text, which of the following is NOT mentioned as an advantage of joining a   class?
A．It helps you find out your interest and take up a new hobby.
B．It helps you find out people who share a common interest with you.
C．It offers an opportunity to meet the same people repeatedly.
D．It is a good way to meet new people and make friends in a new city.
小題4: Which of the following pieces of advice is a tip from the text?
A．Try to be outgoing and talkative instead of being shy.
B．Never turn down an invitation from your friends.
C．Offer suggestions on how to spend time together.
D．Don’t give a negative response to any request.
小題5:By writing the text, the author intends to tell us ____.
A．why you should change when you move to a new city
B．why you should make new friends in a new city
C．how you can make new friends in a new city
D．how you can keep in touch with strangers

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

From the beginning of human history, wild animals provided food, clothing and sometimes medicine. We may not depend as much on wild animals now. But we hear about them every day. Americans use the names of animals in many ways. Automobile manufacturers(制造商) and gasoline companies especially like to use big cats to sell their products. They like lions, tigers and wildcats. When Americans say wildcat, they usually mean a lynx, an ocelot or a bobcat. All these cats attack quickly and fiercely. So wildcats represent something fast and fierce.
An early American use of the word wildcat was quite different. It was used to describe members of Congress(國會(huì)) who declared war on Britain in 1812. A magazine of that year said the wildcat congressmen went home. It said they were unable to face the responsibility of having involved their country in an unnecessary war.
Wildcat also has been used as a name for money in the 1800s. At that time, some states permitted banks to make their own money. One bank in the state of Michigan offered paper money with a picture of a wildcat on it. Some banks, however, did not have enough gold to support all the paper money they offered. So the money had little or no value. It was called a wildcat bill or a wildcat bank note. The banks who offered this money were called wildcat banks. A newspaper of the time said those were the days of wildcat money. It said a man might be rich in the morning and poor by night.
Wildcat then was also used for an oil well or gold mine that had almost no oil or gold in it. Dishonest developers would buy such property. Then they would sell it and leave town with the money. The buyers were left with worthless holes in the ground. Today, wildcat oil wells are in areas that are not known to have oil.
小題1: What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Wildcats and their stories.
B．Wildcats and their characters
C．Varieties of animal species.
D．Relationship between animal and humans.
小題2:From the passage we can know that______.
A．wildcats represent the state of Michigan
B．the use of wildcat was not always the same
C．wildcats are the best friend of human beings
D．honest developers never buy wildcat oil wells
小題3: The underlines words “a lynx, an ocelot or a bobcat” in Paragraph 1 may refer to “      ”.
A. gasoline companies                    B. automobile manufacturers
C. names of wildcats                     D. brands of automobile
64. Which of the following would people like to have or trust according to the passage?
A. Wildcat congressmen.                  B. Wildcat oil wells.
C. Wildcat banks.                        D. Wildcat cars.
小題4: It can be inferred that during the days of wildcat money_________.
A．people couldn’t buy anything with the money
B．people didn’t know how to save money.
C．the rich invested too much on oil wells.
D．people complained and suffered a lot

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Some places in the world have strange laws. It’s important for you to know about them before going there.
Whoever likes to chew gum(口香糖) may have to leave Singapore. The government really wants to keep the city clean and will fine you for chewing gum.
Before you leave for the United Arab Emirates you’d better make sure you aren’t visiting during Ramadan(齋月). During that time you aren’t allowed to eat or drink in public. Tourists have been fined up to $275 for drinking in public.
Lovers spend so much time kissing each other goodbye at train stations that trains often start late. This law — no kissing your lover goodbye at train stations – is rather old, and isn’t in use today in France.
In Thailand it’s against the law to drive a car or motorcycle without a shirt on, no matter how hot it is. Punishments are different in different areas and can include warnings and tickets costing about $10. No joke -- the local police will stop you.
Studies in Denmark have shown that cars with their headlights on are more noticeable by other drivers than those with their headlights off. Drivers there are required to leave their headlights on even during the day, or they may face a fine up to $100.
Do you often buy things using coins? Don’t do it in Canada. The Currency Law of 1985 doesn’t allow using only coins to buy things. Even the use of the dollar-coin is limited (受限制的). The shop owner has the right to choose whether to take your coins or not.
Make sure you know about these laws before your next trip. Better safe than sorry.
小題1:What is mainly talked about in the text?
A．How to make your trip around the world safe.
B．Why there are strange laws in the world.
C．Interesting places you can go to around the world.
D．Some strange laws you should know about for your trip.
小題2:If you are driving a car in Thailand, _____.
A．the police will play a joke on you
B．you should wear your shirt even though it’s hot
C．the police will give you tickets costing about $10
D．you should always keep your headlights on
小題3:What can we learn from the text?
A．Kissing goodbye at train stations isn’t allowed in France today.
B．The Singaporean government cares a lot about its environment.
C．Tourists in the United Arab Emirates shouldn’t eat in public.
D．You can turn your headlights off in daytime in Denmark.
小題4:What do we know about the strange law in Canada?
A．It is a newly invented law
B．You aren’t allowed to use dollar-coins.
C．You will be fined if you use coins
D．Shop owners can decide if you can use coins.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

What do those countries have in common? People are killing each other or drive others out of their homes. Why is this happening? Very simple, in each of these, one group of people believes another group is different from them and dangerous to them. It has been thus through history. How different are humans from each other?
We come in different colors: red, black, white, yellow and brown; we have a variety of political systems, social systems, religious views or none at all; We are different in mind, have different educational systems, different economic classes. We speak different languages, and have different customs and dresses.
If we were to break each of these further, we would have quite a long list of qualities and characteristics that make humans appears to be different from each other. I say they appear to be different, because most of what have been listed stand for what we see or hear, not what is true of human. Man is man everywhere. It is only where he lives, when he lives there, with whom he lives there, and al the others that have effect on how he lives, that is, what he believes, what he wears, his customs, his language and so on. These are man-made facts that each group develops over tome, living together, facing the same problems, needing and desiring the same things. They are his culture. The truth is that we are much more same than different. If you wear one type of clothing and I wear another, we both wear some kind of clothing. Our culture demands it. If you speak one language and I another, we both speak so that others will understand us; we must communicate with each other. Nothing is gained by giving too many differences, but much is lost. If we understood our differences as the ones of culture, then we could make our world more peaceful.
Differences does not mean better or worse, right or wrong. It means only that differences have been made by society. Differences produce variety of thoughts, work out human problems peacefully.
小題1: Which of the following is the best tile for this passage?
A．Differences.B．HumansC．Cultures.D．Customs.
小題2:People in those countries fight each other because______
A．They have different colors.
B．They have different customs and dresses.
C．They have different education systems.
D．They think that others are different and harmful.
小題3:If you pay much attention to differences, ________.
A．we will get something.
B．we will produce problem.
C．we will develop further.
D．Nothing will be lost.
小題4: From this passage it can be inferred that ________.
A．Our world would be more peaceful if we understand and communicate with each other.
B．People don’t know how differences are caused.
C．It is only differences that can solve man’s problems.
D．Man is man everywhere but not woman.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

According to the United States government, people are classified as homeless if they have no place to stay and no expectation of finding a place for the next thirty days．Although technically accurate, that is an impersonal assessment of an enormous and very human problem．
The homeless population represents all of us Americans．It includes men and women, the elderly, children, and infants．Its members are from all ethnic groups．What they have in common is poverty．
Currently in the U．S．, thirty-nine million people live in poverty．When money is really tight, paying the rent or buying food often becomes a choice．Government assistance in the form of food stamps does help but, as one homeless man explains, you can’t pay the rent with food stamps．
With no money for rent, the streets and homeless shelters become the alternative．
Although men constitute the largest group within the homeless population, homeless women with children are rapidly joining them．In fact, one quarter of the homeless people in the U．S．a(chǎn)re teenagers and young children．
People may become homeless for numerous reasons．However, there are certain factors that many of these individuals have in common．They include a lack of adequate education and job skills．A majority of the teenagers and adults have not completed high school．
The abuse of alcohol and drugs is also a common factor．One third of the adult homeless population abuses alcohol．While one quarter of the same group uses drugs．
Some members of this population suffer mental health problems．Within the past several years many institutions for the mentally ill have been closed and their patients sent “home”．Unfortunately, a number of those people have no home to go to and they are unable to adequately look after themselves．
Job loss in today’s economy has also become a real factor in the loss of people’s homes．The breakup of families through abandonment and divorce are also contributing factors, particularly when there are children involved．The parent who is left to care for the kids with inadequate income may be forced to depend on the homeless shelters to put a roof over their heads．
小題1:The writer thinks that the U．S．government’s definition for the homeless reveals ________．
A．a(chǎn)n insincere attitude toward the homeless
B．a(chǎn)n unbearable attitude toward the homeless
C．a(chǎn)n uncivilized attitude toward the homeless
D．a(chǎn)n unsympathetic attitude toward the homeless
小題2:The U．S．government helps the homeless by ___________．
A．giving them homeless allowance
B．giving them food stamps
C．finding jobs for them
D．finding residence for them
小題3:People become homeless for all the following reasons E  XCEPT __________．
A．the lack of adequate education
B．the abuse of alcohol and drugs
C．the closure of institutions for the mentally ill
D．the poor performance of economy
小題4:The breakup of families is likely to lead to homelessness because a parent with kids may_____．
A．lose his or her job in today’s economy
B．be unable to look after the kids
C．not have enough income
D．find residence at a homeless shelter

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Many people take it for granted that black is a color of bad things while white should always mean something good. This may be because, in their opinion, black is related to darkness and white to purity. However, that is not always the case. Did you know that the same one color may mean something differently in different places of the world?
In the English-speaking world, black is the color of mourning—people wear black at the funeral. Red is concerned with danger or bloodshed（傷亡）. Yellow is the word for fear. If you are afraid, you are yellow. Yet none of these sayings is true outside the English-speaking world. In China and Korea white is the color of mourning. In Russia, China and some other countries, red stands for beauty, life and excellence. In Italy and Germany, you are yellow with anger, not with fear.
Even within the English-speaking area, it is not difficult to find color contradictions（矛盾）.A redcap in the United States is a porter in a railway station. In Britain, however, a redcap is a military policeman. Both names are logical, because both men wear red caps. Similarly, the British term for an American white-collar worker is sometimes called a black-coated worker.
One does not have to cross an area to find color differences. Would you rather be red-blooded or a blue-blooded? If we go back to the origin, we find that both terms are logical as both names suggest. The expression “blueblood” comes from Spain, where some noble families proudly told the world that they had “blue blood”. Actually they meant that they had no Moorish or Jewish blood. But then why “blue” blood? Because they were fair-skinned, and it is only natural that their blood vessels (血管)stood out appearing blue.
小題1: Yellow is concerned with anger in ________________.
A．IndiaB．Britain
C．ChinaD．Italy
小題2:Both Britain and America would probably agree that ________________.
A．a(chǎn) redcap is a porter in a station
B．black is the color of mourning
C．red stands for beauty and excellence
D．a(chǎn) black-coated worker is employed in an office
小題3: In Britain , a redcap is a           
A．porterB．noblemanC．clerkD．military policeman
小題4:The best title for this reading selection is ________________.
A．The Origin of Blue Blood
B．Colors that Carry Bad Meanings
C．The Meaning Concerned with Certain Colors
D．The Development of the Symbolic Use of Colors

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

If you still know little about the “IMF”, it’s time you started to read about it, for it has been a hot issue of the whole world．
The International Monetary Fund （IMF） is one of the international financial（金融的） institutions, which works for global growth and economic stability．It provides policy advice and financing to members in economic difficulties and also works with developing nations to help them achieve economic stability and reduce poverty．The“ IMF” currently has a near-global membership of 185 countries．
To become a member, a country must apply for it and then be accepted by a majority of the existing members．On joining, each member of the IMF is assigned a quota（配額）, based broadly on its relative size in the world economy．The IMF’s membership agreed in May 2008 on a rebalancing of its quota system to reflect the changing global economic realities, especially the increased weight of major emerging markets （新興市場） in the global economy, such as China, India and Russia．
The following diagram gives more information about major international financial institutions．

小題1:The main cause of the IMF’s decision to make changes in its quota system is ______．
A．the shortage of resourcesB．global growth and economic stability
C．the changing economic situationsD．the need to accept new members
小題2:The main purpose of the IMF is to ______．
A．prevent the member countries from getting into wars
B．collect money from rich countries to help poor ones
C．provide assistance to its member countries when necessary
D．make sure the world economy develops in a healthy way
小題3:Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A．The quota an IMF member country gets depends on the size of the country．
B．India together with China is proposing an increase in emergency funds．
C．The more money a member contributes to the IMF, the more say it has in it．
D．The International Development Association is meant to support developed countries．
小題4:From the diagram we can see the present IMF is most probably under the control of _______．
A．the USB．RussiaC．JapanD．a(chǎn)ny EU member state

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