Electricity, like clean water, is a resource that’s often taken for granted. But last summer, when blackouts struck much of the northeastern US, Ontario and Rome, consumers on two continents were given a painful reminder of just how easily broken electricity supplies can be. The massive disorder stranded (使陷入困境)commuters, stopped freezers, shut down businesses and refocused attention on where most of the planet’s power comes from：oil-and-gas-fired generators and nuclear plants, These sources not only pollute the environment but also make many consumers feel unacceptable health risks.
Companies are trying to offer an alternative, clean energy from renewable resources that’s plentiful and portable. Lifton’s Medis Technologies, as well as companies like Hydrogenics and Nanosys, is tapping into fuel cells and dolor panels to give people power whenever and wherever they want it, free from dependence on local grids(電網(wǎng)).
The search for alternative energy is nothing new, but the current trend of innovators is focusing on the goal of making clean and sustainable power a mainstream commodity. For example, the fuel cell, which produces electricity from the chemical reaction between oxygen and hydrogen, has been around for about 150 years, though its commercial development did not begin until the 1960s and then only as part of NASA spacecraft. Today this technology is coming down to Earth in places like Tokyo; in nine European cities, from Stockholm to Porto, each operating three hydrogen-fuel-cell buses; and in Iceland, which is trying to create the first fuel free hydrogen economy by 2030.
When hydrogen and oxygen molecules(分子)combine, the reaction produces heat and water. Fuel cells use this reaction to generate electricity. With the cell phone and gadget(小機(jī)件)market in mind, Medis has developed a fuel cell with cheap components that produces little heat and effortlessly reduces waste water without turning to energy consuming pumps.
小題1:What is the passage mainly about?
A．The future of alternative energy
B．How the fuel cells works
C．People’s search for alternative energy
D．The damage done by the blackout last summer.
小題2:What can we know about the fuel cell?
A．Its commercial use began in the 1960s.
B．Today it’s being used in almost every corner of the world.
C．It has been in widespread used for about 150 years.
D．It supplies electricity to make the combination of oxygen and hydrogen possible.
小題3:Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Lifton’s Medis Technologies is tapping into fuel cells and solar panels.
B．The fuel cell has been around for about 150 years.
C．The fuel cell’s commercial development did not begin until the 1960s.
D．When hydrogen and oxygen molecules combine, the reaction produces o2 and H2O.
小題4:The underlined word “blackouts” in the 1 st paragraph means_____.
A．power failureB．the delivering of electricity
C．the power of electricityD．power station

小題1:C
小題2:A
小題3:D
小題4:A

小題1:通讀全文可知，本文主要是介紹人們?yōu)閷ふ噎h(huán)保、安全的能源而開展的調(diào)查研究。
小題2:由第三段的內(nèi)容可知。
小題3:由最后一段的內(nèi)容可知。
小題4: 由第一段的內(nèi)容可知， blackout在此指停電。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

  A new eight-kilometer road is under construction that links the port area with motorway system. It is expected to carry 20,000 trucks and cars a day, which greatly reduces the overcrowded traffic in the center of the city. As part of the project, two four-kilometer road tunnels are being built below the central area of the city, one for traffic to the north and the other for the traffic to the south. The two tunnels are about 20 meters below the surface and are 12 meters wide, providing for two lanes of traffic in each direction. 

In the upper part of the tunnel two air-conditioning pipes remove the waste gas of trucks and cars and keep the quality of air inside the tunnel. The lighting is at the top of the tunnel, practically at its highest point. There will also be electric signs at frequent intervals. They show traffic conditions ahead and can be seen clearly by drivers. The wall is made up of four main elements, which include a waterproofing covering and, on the inside of the tunnel, a concrete lining.
Each tunnel is roughly round and the lower part of the tunnel is somewhat flat. The surface of the road lies on the base, which is made of concrete and steel. The drainage system, just below the road surface on one side, removes any extra liquid, particularly water. In the event of fire, the fire main, which is made of steel, pipes water to many fire hydrant stations at regular intervals along the length of the tunnel. The fire main is at the side of the tunnel and at the level of the road surface. Other systems in the tunnel will include emergency phones.
小題1:Each of the tunnels under construction is _____.
A．eight kilometers long and twenty meters wide
B．eight kilometers long and six meters wide
C．four kilometers long and twenty meters wide
D．four kilometers long and six meters wide
小題2:Which part of the tunnel in the diagram is used to pipe out extra water?
A. 1           B. 3            C. 5               D  6 
小題3:Driving in the tunnel, one can know the traffic conditions ahead through______.
A．the lightsB．the electric signs
C．the trucks and the carsD． the emergency phones
小題4:The passage is mainly about _____.
A．the construction of a roadB．the design of a road
C．the construction of two tunnelsD．the design of two tunnels

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Scientists have found what look like caves on Mars(火星), and say they could be protecting life from the planet’s terrible environment.
The first caves discovered beyond the Earth appear as seven mysterious black dots on the pictures sent back by NASA’s Mars Odyssey orbiter. Each as large as a football field, they may be openings into natural caves below the Martian surface.
“If there is life on Mars, there is a good chance you’d find it in caves,” said Jut Wynne, one of the researchers who noticed the features while working on a US Geological Survey Mars Cave Detection Program.
Jonathan Clarke, a geologist with the Mars Society of Australia, yesterday described the discovery as exciting.
One photo taken at night by an infrared imager(紅外線成像器) showed one hole to be unusually warm, suggesting hot air trapped during the day is flowing out.
“I said: ‘Wow, that’s a cave’” Dr. Clarke said excitedly. “People have been looking for these for a long time; now we have found them.”
He agreed such caves would be perfect places to hunt for life escaping from the bitterly cold, radiation-soaked(充滿輻射的), dry surface.
“Tiny drops of water could collect inside,” he said. “If there are gases coming out, they could provide energy for a whole range of bacteria. A cave is also a protection from radiation; the surface of Mars is exposed to high levels of space radiation.”
The caves probably formed when tube-shaped lave flows(管狀巖漿流) spread across the planet long ago. The outside of the tubes cooled, forming solid walls, while something hotter inside allowed the remaining have to flow out, forming caves. 
小題1:What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．How the caves were formed on Mars.B．How scientists found these caves on Mars.
C．Caves on Mars may be full of hot air or a sign of life.
D．Scientists have completely recognized the surface of Mars.
小題2:We can learn from the passage that           .
A．water has already been found on MarsB．the scientists found all the caves at night
C．it is certain that there is life in these caves
D．the surface of Mars is bitterly cold, radiation-soaked and dry
小題3:According to the passage, Dr. Clarke was so excited because        .
A．such caves could provide energy for lifeB．they had finally found the caves on Mars
C．such caves would be perfect places to hunt for life
D．scientists had long been looking for these caves
小題4:Necessary conditions for life on Mars mentioned in the passage may include        .
A．lava and energyB．water and radiation from space
C．gases and lavaD．water and protection from radiation

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A “l(fā)ost tribe” that reached America from Australia may have been the first Native Americans, according to a new theory.
If proved by DNA evidence, the theory will break long established beliefs about the southerly migration of people who entered America across the Bering Strait, found it empty and occupied it.
On this theory rests the belief of Native Americans to have been the first true Americans. They would be classified to the ranks of escapee, beaten to the New World by Aboriginals (土著人) in boats.
To a European, this may seem like an academic argument, but to Americans it is a philosophical question about identity, Silvia Gonzales, of Liverpool University said .
Her claims are based on skeletons found in the California Peninsula of Mexico that have skulls quite unlike the broad Mongolian features of Native Americans. These narrow-skulled people have more in common with southern Asians, Aboriginal Australians and people of the South Pacific Region.
The bones, stored at the National Museum of Anthropology (人類學(xué)) in Mexico City, have been carbon-dated and one is 12,700 years old, which places it several thousand years before the arrival of people from the North. “We think there were several migration waves into the Americas at different times by different human groups,” Dr. Gonzales said. “The timing, route and point of origin of the first colonization of the Americas remains a most contentious topic in human evolution.”
But comparisons based on skull shape are not considered conclusive by anthropologists, so a team of Mexican and British scientists, backed by the Natural Environment Research Council, has also attempted to take out DNA from the bones. Dr. Gonzales declined yesterday to say exactly what the results were, as they need to be checked, but indicated that they were consistent(一致) with an Australian origin.
小題1:It is generally considered that the first Native Americans came from ________.
A．North AsiaB．Australia
C．South PacificD．South Asia
小題2:The skeletons found in the California Peninsula of Mexico have ________.
A．the broad skull shape
B．the narrow skull shape
C．different features of Aboriginal Australians
D．the same features of Native Americans
小題3:The underlined “contentious” is similar in meaning to “________”.
A．likely to cause great interestB．difficult to solve
C．well-known to allD．likely to cause argument
小題4:Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
A．Research on skulls can draw an exact conclusion.
B．DNA tests have proved the fact that the first Native Americans came from Australian.
C．Scientists are still not sure about the origin of the Native Americans.
D．People began to enter America across the Bering Strait about 12,700 years ago.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Every year 2.2 million tons of oil are spilled ( 散落，濺出 ) into the ocean. Actually, this only amounts to a small percentage of the total 1.6 billion tons of oil shipped around the world each year.However, this spilled oil has terrible effects on ocean life, including the coastlines where the off washes up onto shore. Some of the largest spills in history were caused by oil tankers running into each other or by an oil tanker sailing into shallow water and hitting the bottom of the ocean.
After these spills, officials try to discover who or what was at fault to help prevent similar accidents in the future.
One of the worst oil spills in history occurred along the Alaskan coastline in 1989. In this accident, 42,000 tons of oil spilled from a tanker which resulted in terrible damage to this sensitive natural area. In this spill, the tanker's captain, who was tired from overwork and drinking alcohol, had gone to___________. He gave control of the ship to the third mate. The third mate was unfamiliar with the path the ship took, and he ran the ship onto Blighe Reef. Blighe Reef is a natural underwater rock wall near the Alaskan coast. Damaged by the reef, the ship leaked oil out into the ocean. More than 1,600 kilometers of coastline were affected by the oil spill. Some scientists who studied nature in the area guessed that 580,000 birds and 5,500 otters died when the oil from the spill covered their skin. As well, smaller shellfish and other sea creatures were later eaten by seals, whales, and other animals. The most oil ever spilled was actually dumped on purpose as an act of ecological warfare. The term ecological warfare means to fight by doing harm to nature in the area under attack. In 1990, Iraq sent soldiers into Kuwait and set off the Persian Gulf War. As part of the Iraq war plan,900,000 tons of oil were let out into the Persian Gulf Way Iraq. This oil covered 1,500 square kilometers of water in the Persian Gulf. The oil also damaged 650 kilometers of the coastline of both Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. In some places, oil floating on the water was measured to be 43 centimeters thick. Water birds, water plants, and baby fish were all seriously affected by the oil. The long-term effects of this act on the food chain in the area are bound to cause problems tar into the future. 
71.What’s the best title of the passage?
_________________________________________________________________________                                                                           
72.Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?
Officials make efforts to do research into the oil spill accidents and don’t want to see the similar things happen again in the future
___________________________________________________________________________                                                                           
73.Please fill in the blank in the passage with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.(within ten words)
____________________________________________________________________________                                                                             
74.What do you think of the oil spill accident happening in 1990 in the Persian Gulf ?(within 30 words)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________                                                                     
75.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
___________________________________________________________________________

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

M When Paul was a boy growing up in Utah, he happened to live near a copper smelter(煉銅廠), and the chemicals that poured out had made a wasteland out of what used to be a beautiful forest. One day a young visitor looked at this wasteland and called it an awful area. Paul knocked him down. From then on, something happened inside him.
Years later Paul was back in the area, and he went to the smelter office. He asked if they had any plans or if they would let him try to bring the trees back.. The answer from that big industry was “No.”
Paul then went to college to study the science of plants. Unfortunately, his teachers said there weren't any birds or squirrels to spread the seeds. It would be a waste of his life to try to do it. Everyone knew that, he was told. Even if he was knowledgeable as he had expected, he wouldn’t get his idea accepted.
Paul later got married and had some kids. But his dream would not die. And then one night he did what he could with what he had. As Samuel Johnson wrote, “It is common to overlook what is near by keeping the eye fixed on something remote. Attainable good is often ignored by minds busied in wide ranges.” Under the cover of darkness, he went secretly into the wasteland and started planting.
And every week, he made his secret journey into the wasteland and planted trees and grass. For fifteen years he did this against the plain common sense. Slowly rabbits appeared. Later, as there was legal pressure to clean up the environment, the company actually hired Paul to do what he was already doing.
Now the place is fourteen thousand acres of trees and grass and bushes, and Paul has received almost every environmental award Utah has. It took him until his hair turned white, but he managed to keep that impossible vow he made to himself as a child.
小題1:When Paul was a boy, _____.
he had decided never to leave his hometown
the economy of Utah depended wholly on the copper smelter
no laws were made to protect the environment against pollution
he had determined to stop the copper smelter polluting the area
小題2:Why did Paul go to college to study the science of plants?
He wanted to find out the best way to save the area himself.
He was interested in planting trees since he was young.
He wanted to get more knowledgeable people to help him.
He thought his knowledge would make his advice more persuasive.
小題3:What does the underlined phrase “the plain common sense” probably refer to?
That it was impossible for trees to grow on the wasteland.
That his normal work and life would be greatly affected.
That no one would like to join him in the efforts.
That he had to keep everything he did secret.
小題4:The message of the passage is that _____.
action speaks louder than words
perseverance(持之以恒) will work wonders
God helps those who help themselves
many hands make light work

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

When I come across a good article in reading newspapers. I often want to cut and keep it. But just as I am about to do so I find the article on the ___1___ side is as much interesting. It may be a discussion of the way to ___2___ in good health, or a ___3___ about how to behave and conduct oneself in society. If I cut the front article, the opposite one is likely to ___4___ damage, leaving out half of it or keeping the text ___5___ the title. Therefore, the scissors would ___6___ before they start, ___7___ halfway done when I find out the ___8___ result.
Sometimes two things are to be done at the same time, both worth you ___9___. You can only take up one of them, the other has to wait or be ___10___ up. But you know the future is unpredictable(不可預(yù)料) — the changed situation may not allow you to do what is left ___11___. Thus you are ___12___ in a difficult position and feel sad. How ___13___ that nice chances and brilliant ideas should gather around all at once? It may happen that your life ___14___ greatly on you preference of one choice to the other.
In fact that is what ___15___ is like, we are often ___16___ with the two opposite sides of a thing which are both desirable like a newspaper cutting. It often occurs that our attention is drawn to one thing only ___17___ we get into another. The ___18___ may be more important than the latter and give rise to a divided mind. I ___19___ remember a philosopher’s remarks, “When one door shuts, another opens in life.” So a casual(不經(jīng)意) ___20___ may not be a bad one.
1. A. front      B. same   C. either  D. opposite
2. A. get  B. keep   C. lead    D. bring
3. A. advice    B. news   C. theory D. report
4. A. suffer     B. reduce C. prevent      D. cause
5. A. on   B. for      C. without      D. off
6. A. use  B. handle C. prepare      D. stay
7. A. or   B. but     C. so       D. for
8. A. satisfying       B. regretful     C. surprising   D. impossible
9. A. courage  B. strength      C. attention     D. patience
10. A. given    B. held    C. made  D. picked
11. A. near      B. alone  C. about  D. behind
12. A. filled    B. attracted     C. caught D. struck
13. A. dares    B. comes C. deals   D. does
14. A. improves     B. changes      C. progresses  D. goes
15. A. study    B. society       C. nature D. life
16. A. faced    B. supplied     C. connected   D. fixed
17. A. before  B. after   C. until   D. as
18. A. following     B. next    C. above  D. former
19. A. still      B. also    C. once   D. almost
20. A. treatment     B. action C. choice D. remark

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


While all my classmates seen to be crazy about a one-way ticket to Mars(火星), I’d rather say Mars is totally unsuitable for human existence. People won’t have enough food supplies there, and the terrible environment would make it impossible for them to live a long life. Besides, the journey won’t be safe. Can anybody explain to me just why people would go to Mars, never to return?
Steve Minear, UK
Here are the things you can think of: the desire to explore a foreign and unique environment, the excitement of being the first humans to open up a new world, the expectation of fame and glory…For scientists there is another reason. Their observations and research will probably lead to great scientific achievements.
Donal Trollop, Canada
There are already too many people on the Earth. I think that sometime before the end of the century, there will be a human colony(殖民地)on Mars. It will happen when people finally realize that tow-way trips to the red planet Mars are unnecessary. Most of the danger of space Flight is in the launches(發(fā)射) and landings. Cutting the trip home would therefore reduce the danger of accidents, save a lot of money, and open the way to building an everlasting human settlement on another world.
Enough supplies can be sent on ahead. And every two years more supplies and more people will needs, and Mars is far more pleasant than the other planets in the outer space.
Paul Davies. USA
小題1: The main purpose of Steve Minear’s writing is     .
A．to report his classmates’ discussion B．to invite an answer to his question
C．to explain the natural state of MarsD．to show his agreement on going to Mars
小題2:Which of the following best states Donal Trollop’s idea?
A．There is a plan to send humans to Mars.
B．There are many reasons for going to Mars.
C．Scientists become famous by doing research on Mars.
D．It is possible to build an Earth-like environment on Mars.
小題3:Paul Davies points out that      .
A．humans need only a one-way ticket to Mars.
B．two-way trips to Mars will be made safe soon
C．it is easy to reduce the danger and cost of flights to Mars
D．it is cheap to build an everlasting human settlement on Mars
小題4:What does Paul Davies think of human existence on Mars?
A．Humans will have to bring all they need from the Earth.
B．Humans will find Mars totally unsuitable for living.
C．Humans can produce everything they need.
D．Humans can live longer in the colony on Mars

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

My dream ended when I was born. Although I never knew it then, I just held on to something that would never come to pass. Dreams really do exist. But in the morning when you wake up, they are remembered just as a dream. That is what happened to me.
I always had the dream to dance like a beautiful ballerina（芭蕾舞女演員）turning around and around and hearing people applaud for me. When I was young, I would turn around and around in the fields of wildflowers that grew in my backyard. 
Reality woke me up when I heard someone saying, "I don't know why you bother trying to dance. Ballerinas are pretty and slender(苗條) girls. Besides, you don't have the talent to even be a ballerina." I remember how those words hurt every feeling in my body. I fell to the ground and wept for hours. 
I enjoyed hanging out by the water. I would sit there for hours and stare at my reflection(倒影). There I was, looking nothing like a pretty ballerina dancer. Reflections don't lie. Once the waves would come, my reflection was washed away just like my dream to dance.
As I grew older, I began to realize that the reason my dream was even born was because it was something that was inside of me. The dream I had was never nurtured(培育) and cared for, so it slowly died. It's not that I wanted it to die, but I allowed it to die the day I started listening to the words, "You can't do it." When I finally woke up from many years of dreaming, I realized that you can't only settle for dancing in the wildflowers, you have to move on to the platform.
小題1: Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage？
A．Care for your dream
B．Dream and reality
C．Nothing is impossible
D．Efforts to be a ballerina will pay
小題2:The author didn’t realize her dream of being a ballerina mainly because_______.
A．she was bored of dancing and performing
B．she had lack of self-respect
C．her health conditions allowed her dream to die
D．she was deeply affected by others easily
小題3:From the passage, it can be inferred that _________.
A．the author was once a pretty and slender girl with wonderful dream.
B．we should dare to give up our dream facing much pressure and difficulty
C．if you stick to your dream and never say die, you will enjoy a bright life
D．You should necer give up.
小題4:What is the main purpose of writing the passage?
A．to complainB．to praiseC．to warnD．to criticize
小題5:The underlined expression “settle for” in the last paragraph means_________.
A．turn downB．take upC．give upD．settle down

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