Sport is not only physically challenging, but it can also be mentally challenging. Criticism from coaches, parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes(運動員). Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological and research has indicated that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
　　The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware, at all times, that their feedback to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents' and coaches' criticisms to heart and find a flaw (缺陷) in themselves.
　　Coaches and parents should also be cautious that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today's youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game many parents and coaches focus on the outcome and find fault with youngsters' performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided regardless of the outcome. Research indicates that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress, which can lead to burnout.
小題1:An effective way to prevent the burnout of young athletes is ______
A．to reduce their mental stress
B．to increase their sense of success
C．to make sports less competitive
D．to make sports more challenging
小題2:According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that ____ .
A．it can help them learn more about society
B．it enables them to find flaws in themselves
C．it can provide them with valuable experiences
D．it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
小題3:Many coaches and parents are in the habit of criticizing young athletes ______ .
A．believing that criticism is beneficial for their early development
B．without realizing criticism may destroy their self confidence
C．in order to make them remember life's lessons
D．so as to put more pressure on them
小題4:According to the passage parents and coaches should _____________ .
A．pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports
B．help children to win every game
C．train children to cope with stress
D．enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports
小題5:The author's purpose in writing the passage is ____________ .
A．to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout
B．to persuade young children not to worry about criticism
C．to stress the importance of positive reinforcement to children
D．to discuss the skill of combining criticism with encouragement

小題1:A
小題2:C
小題3:B
小題4:A
小題5:C
本文講述的是體育活動不僅是對體魄的挑戰(zhàn)也是對心里的挑戰(zhàn)。批評是沒有用的，
小題1:B 文章第一段提到，體育活動不僅是對體魄的挑戰(zhàn)，也是對心理的挑戰(zhàn)。慣用批評對年輕的運動有害無益。
能給運動員帶來身體、感情、心理方面的壓力，以致毀壞身心健康放棄曾帶來歡愉的活
動。所以防止損害年輕運動員身心健康的有效途徑不是C“減少體育的競技性”；不是D
“增加體育的挑戰(zhàn)性”；也不是A，因為只“減輕思想壓力”是不夠的。而應(yīng)該像第三段
后面所說，積極鼓勵即增強運動員的自信心和成就感。
小題2:C 文章第二段中The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place.此句表示體育活動能為年輕人提供極其有價值的一生都有用的人生經(jīng)歷。故體育對年輕人的積極作用就在于C。
小題3:B 教練及父母習(xí)慣于批評年輕的運動員既不是C“使他們記住生活中的教訓(xùn) ”；不是A“ 認為批評對他們的早期發(fā)展有益”，文中未提及父母、教練對批評的看法；也不
是D“給他們施加更大的壓力”。故B “未意識到批評會挫傷他們的自信心”正確。這與
第二段末尾兩句意思吻合。
小題4:A 作者在第三段開頭指出參與體育運動不是孩子的工作或任務(wù)，重在參與。比賽結(jié)果并不重要，更重要的是通過參與增加人生閱歷。所以作者建議教練及父母應(yīng)鼓勵孩子
積極參與 “注意讓孩子從體育活動中獲得樂趣”。故A最為貼切。
小題5:C 作者寫該文目的是告訴人們批評會給孩子造成各方面負擔和壓力，積極鼓勵才會對孩子的成長有益。故“強調(diào)積極鼓勵對孩子成長的重要性”切題。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A study led by Professor Mark Weiser of Tel Aviv University and the Sheba Medical Center at Tel Hashomer Hospital has determined that young men who smoke are likely to have lower IQs than their non-smoking peers (同齡人). Tracking 18-to 21-year-old men enlisted in the Israeli army in the largest ever study of its kind, he has been able to demonstrate an important connection between the number of cigarettes young males smoke and their IQ.
The average IQ for a non-smoker was about 101, while the smokers’ average was more than seven IQ points lower, at about 94, the study determined. The IQs of young men who smoked more than a pack a day were lower still, at about 90. An IQ score in a healthy population of such young men, with no mental disorders(心理疾病), falls within the range of 84 to 116.
An addiction that doesn’t discriminate(歧視)
“In the health profession, we’ve generally thought that smokers are most likely the kind of people who have grown up in difficult neighborhoods, or who’ve been given less education at good schools,” says Weiser, whose study was reported in a recent version of the journal, Addiction, “But because our study included subjects with various socio-economic backgrounds, we’ve been able to rule out socio-economics as a major factor. The government might want to rethink how it arranges its educational resources on smoking.
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B．the IQ of smoking males is higher than that of non-smokers
C．the IQ of smoking males is the same as that of non-smokers
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B．All people, no matter what their background, can become addicted to smoking.
C．Smoking is an addiction, and we must not discriminate against smokers.
D．The addiction to smoking is difficult to get rid of.

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A．4 B．5 C．6 D．3
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8 Ways to Avoid Cancer in Your Life
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A．Having a daily supplement of selenium
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C．Breathing fresh air now and then
D．Taking exercise at least once a week
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A．have a daily supplement of vitamins B and C
B．try to ignore the secondhand smoking
C．take in as many selenium-containing supplements as possible
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital for Children (MGHfC) have invented a new term that describes dangers associated with cigarette smoke: third-hand smoke. Study results published in January, 2009 discuss how third-hand smoke is especially dangerous for children.
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A．bad influences long after a cigarette is smoked
B．third-hand smoke and secondhand smoke
C．the bad effects of smoking on common people
D．the terrible smell of cigarette smoke
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A．By telling results of a survey.
B．By giving statistics.
C．By making comparisons.
D．By giving an example.
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Most people agree that it’s important to have a sense of humour. Having the ability to laugh can help one overcome anxiety, and make better decisions in difficult situations. People with a well-developed sense of humour appear to be happier, and some are healthier as well. This suggests that having a sense of humour is good for you. Humourless people may find themselves being treated as a fool, and become anxious and upset.
A sense of humour also plays an important role in human relationships. However, not everyone has a sense of humour. People with developmental disabilities (發(fā)展性能力喪失) can sometimes have no sense of humour, or have a very strange one.
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A．explain what influences a person’s sense of humour
B．tell readers the importance of being healthy
C．explain how to make better decisions
D．tell readers how to understand jokes
小題2:What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 "enhance" probably mean?
A．Enjoy.B．Reduce.C．Improve.D．Prevent.
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A．Culture.B．Age.
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

In the face of tragedy(悲劇), you must of course let yourself feel: Cry without holding back, tremble with fear, yell out in anger, accept and follow your feelings. This is part of the wise approach to tragedy: The Upward Path – the feeling of emotions(情感), the acceptance of them, and the coupling of the emotional mind with wisdom. Along this path, you’ll take the experience – no matter how sad or upsetting – as a learning event, just as all other points on your journey will prove to be. While tragic, you must recognize this is still a chance for all involved to grow. You should let both sadness and joy, fear and courage, dark and light fill your world, and learn to find your steady, calm center in the midst of the opposing forces. This is the Upward Path. Use the event as a chance to gain balance and discover wisdom – the wisdom of love and of letting go, of non-attachment and non-resistance, and using this experience to eventually help others in need of guidance.
Being able to relate to others who have also experienced tragedy and inspire in them hope – of recovery, and of moving forward – is perhaps the greatest gift you can receive from tragedy. Turn the negative into positive, the pain into connection. After you’ve taken appropriate time to be sad, to feel your own pain, you should make it your work, your goal, your purpose to connect with others who need help. Show them how you’ve experienced feelings, achieved balance, and gained wisdom that you would never have otherwise had the chance to learn.
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A．free his emotions
B．hold back all his feelings
C．fill his world with positive ideas
D．give in to tragedy and all opposing forces
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A．seek solutions from othersB．understand and help others
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A．sorrowB．problemC．difficultyD．death
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A．a(chǎn)nalyze the causes of tragedy
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C．suggest a way of dealing with tragedy
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

For centuries, the body's blood has been linked closely with the emotions．People who show no human emotions or feelings, are said to be cold-blooded killer．For example, the police are searching for a cold-blooded killer．He seems to kill for no reason, and no emotion, as if taking someone's life as nothing．
Cold can affect other parts of the body．The expression "get cold feet" has nothing to do with cold or your feet．The expression means being afraid to do something you have decided to do．For example, you agree to be president of an organization．But then you learn that all the other officers have resigned, and all the work of the organizations will be your responsibility．You are likely to get cold feet about being president when you understand the situation.
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A cold fish is not a fish．It is a person．But it is a person who is unfriendly, unemotional and shows no love or warmth．A cold fish does not offer much of himself to anyone．Someone who is a cold fish could be cold-hearted．Now a cold-hearted person is someone who has no sympathy．Several popular songs in recent years were about cold-hearted men or cold-hearted women who, without feelings, broke the hearts of their lovers.
"Out in the cold" means not getting something that everybody else got．A person might say that everybody but him got a pay raise——he was left out in the cold．And it is not a pleasant place to be.
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A．I give him the cold shoulderB．I think he is a cold-blooded man
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A．she is a cold-blooded killerB．she gets cold feet
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A．cold-bloodedB．cold shoulder C．cold feetD．cold-hearted
小題4:The topic of this passage is about _____．
A．the relationship between cold and our bodyB．some expressions about friendship
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