Any foreigner who has tried to learn Chinese can tell how hard it is to master the tones required to speak and understand. And anyone who has tried to learn to play the violin or other instruments can report similar challenges.
Now researchers have found that people with musical training have an easier time learning Chinese. Writing in the online edition of Nature Neuroscience,researchers from Northwestern University say that both skills draw on the same parts of the brain that help people discover changes in pitch(音調(diào)).
One of the study’s authors,Nina Kraus,said the findings suggested that studying music “actually tunes our sensory system”.This means that schools that want children to do well in languages should hesitate before cutting music programs,Dr.Kraus said. She said music training might also help children with language problems.
Mandarin(普通話)speakers have been shown to have a more complex encoding(編碼) of pitch patterns in their brains than English speakers do. This is because in Mandarin and other Asian languages,pitch plays a central role. A single­syllable word can have several meanings depending on how it is intoned.
For this study,the researchers looked at 20 non­Chinese speaking volunteers,half with no musical background and half who have studied an instrument for at least six years.
As they were shown a movie,the volunteers also heard an audio tape of the Mandarin word “mi” in three of its meanings:squint,bewilder and rice. The researchers recorded activities in their brain stems to see how well they were processing the sounds. Those with a music background showed much more brain activities in response to the Chinese sounds.
The lead author of the study,Patrick C.M.Wong,said it might work both ways. It appears that native speakers of tonal languages may do better at learning instruments.
小題1:When learning Chinese,a foreigner will find ________.
A.he has a difficult time learning music at the same time
B.he has an easier time learning music at the same time
C.it is hard to master the tones required to speak and understand
D.it is easy to use the brain to help him discover changes in pitch
小題2:Why does Chinese learning have something to do with music training?
A.Because there is the same difficulty in learning Chinese and music.
B.Because skills to learn the two make use of the same parts of the brain.
C.Because music training might help people with language study.
D.Because people who do well in Chinese study do well in music.
小題3:The underlined word “intoned” in the fourth paragraph can be replaced by the word “____”.
A.created B.spelled
C.seemed D.pronounced
小題4:What would be the best title for this passage?
A.Mandarin Speakers Are Smarter than English Speakers
B.Skilled Ear for Music May Help Language Study
C.Pitch Plays a Central Role in Chinese Learning
D.Schools Need to Develop Music Programs

小題1:C
小題1:B
小題1:D
小題1:B
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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

There is a famous story about British poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge. He was writing a poem when he was interrupted by a knock at the door.
This was an age before telephones. Someone was delivering a message. When Coleridge got back to his poem, he had lost his inspiration. His poetic mood had been broken by the knock on his door. His unfinished poem, which could otherwise have been a masterpiece, would now never be more than a fragment (片段).
This story tells how unexpected communication can destroy an important thought,which brings us to the cellphone.
The most common complaint about cellphones is that people talk on them to the annoyance of people around them. But more damaging may be the cellphone’s disruption (中斷) of our thoughts.
We have already entered a golden age of little white lies about our cellphones, and this is by and large a healthy, protective development. “I didn’t hear it ring” or “I didn’t realize my phone had shut off” are among the lies we tell to give ourselves space where we’re beyond reach.
The notion of being unreachable is not a new concept – we have “Do Not Disturb” signs on the doors of hotel rooms. So why must we feel guilty when it comes to cellphones? Why must we apologize if we decide to shut off the phone for a while?
The problem is that we come from a long-established tradition of difficulty with distance communication. Until the recent mass deployment (使用) of cellphones, it was easy to communicate with someone next to us or a few feet away, but difficult with someone across town, the country or the globe. We came to take it for granted.
But cellphones make long-distance communication common, and endanger our time by ourselves. Now time alone, or a conversation with someone next to us which cannot be interrupted by a phone, is something to be cherished. Even cellphone devotees, myself usually included, can’t help at times wanting to throw their phone away, or curse the day they were invented.
But we don’t and won’t, and there really is no need. All that’s required to take back our private time is a general social recognition that we have the right to it. In other words, we have to develop a healthy contempt (輕視) for the rings of our own phones. Given the ease of making and receiving cellphone calls, if we don’t talk to the caller right now, we surely will shortly later.
A cellphone call deserves no greater priority (優(yōu)先考慮的事) than a random (隨機(jī)的) word from the person next to us. Though the call on my cellphone may be the one–in–a–million from Steven Spielberg–who has finally read my novel and wants to make it his next movie. But most likely it is not, and I’m better off thinking about the idea I just had for a new story, or the slice of pizza I’ll eat for lunch.
小題1:What is the point of the anecdote(軼事,趣聞) about the poet Coleridge in the first three paragraphs?
A.To direct readers’ attention to the main topic.
B.To show how important inspiration is to a poet.
C.To emphasize the disadvantage of not having a cellphone.
D.To encourage readers to read the works of this poet.
小題2:What does the writer think about people telling “white lies” about their cellphones?
A.It is a way of signaling that you don’t like the caller.
B.It is natural to tell lies about small things.
C.It is basically a good way to protect one’s privacy.
D.We should feel guilty when we can’t tell the truth.
小題3:According to the author, what is the most annoying problem caused by cellphones?
A.People get annoyed by the cellphone rings that they fail to notice anything else.
B.People feel guilty when they are not able to answer their cellphones.
C.Cellphones interrupt people’s private time.
D.With cellphones it is no longer possible to be unreachable.
小題4:What does the last paragraph suggest?
A.A person who calls us from afar deserves more of our attention.
B.Steven Spielberg once called the author to talk about the author’s novel.
C.You should always finish your lunch before you answer a call on the cellphone.
D.Never let cellphones interfere too much with your life.

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

I have been a student at Bentley College in Waltham for some time now, so I have a lot of experience and know how things work at Bentley. As a freshman(新生)at Bentley College you will be living in the Tree Dorms, Slade Hall or Miller Hall. I would highly suggest that you choose to live in the Tree Dorms because this is where most fresh-men are going to be living. There will be a lot of activities going on in the building and you will meet lots of people. Slade Hall is next to the parking lot(停車(chē)場(chǎng))and not far from the Tree Dorms, so that would be your second choice. As Miller Hall is small and far away, it would be my last choice for freshmen housing. If Bentley offers you the chance to live with second or third year students you’d better refuse their offer and live with freshmen. Living with your classmates will make the transition (過(guò)渡) into college life a lot easier.
As a freshman your classes should be easy. After freshman year your classes will become a lot more difficult, so I advise that you get down to business early in the first year. There are two very easy things you can do to increase your knowledge as a freshman. The first is to just go to class and the second is to always do your homework. I also highly advise that you do it on your own and try to stay disciplined(遵守紀(jì)律的). It is too easy to put your homework away and then get really behind and not be able to learn everything before a mid-term or final exam.
小題1:The author advises freshmen to live in the Tree Dorms because ___________.
A.it is across the parking lot from Slade Hall
B.it is small and quite far away from the playground
C.there are many second and third year students there
D.there are many freshmen and more activities
小題2:Where is Slade Hall?
A.Near Miller Hall.
B.Far from Tree Dorms.
C.Beside the car park.
D.Near the classrooms.
小題3:According to the author, how can freshmen improve knowledge?
A.Remember to do homework by discussing it with others.
B.Finish homework and go to class every day.
C.Try to spend more time in the library.
D.Be able to learn something before a mid-term or final exam.
小題4:The author writes the passage to ___________.
A.tell new students how to get used to college life
B.tell new students about their teachers and dormitory
C.show the differences between college and high school
D.tell readers about some funny things at Bentley College

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships do not last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to be one. You must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules. Be honest; be generous; be understanding.
Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you do not tell the truth, people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven’t been honest you may lose your friends’ trust. Good friends always count on one another to speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You do not have to give your lunch money on your clothes of course. Instead you have to learn how to share things you enjoy, like your hobbies and your interest. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them you help your friend know you better.
Sooner or later every one needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’s place so you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are ever exactly alike. But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friends, you must practise honesty, generosity, and understanding.
小題1:Some friendships don’t last very long because ____.
A.there are too many people who want to make friends.
B.those who never give others friendships receive no friendship from others.
C.those who give others friendship receive friendship from others.
D.they don’t know friendship is something serious.
小題2:According to the passage honesty is _____.
A.something goodB.the base of friendship
C.a(chǎn)s important as moneyD.more important than anything else
小題3:The underlined word “generosity” means ___.
A.大度B.節(jié)約C.吝嗇D.和氣
小題4:Which of the following isn’t mentioned (提及)in the passage?
A.Always tell your friend the truth.
B.Sharing your mind with your friend is of great value.
C.Discussing your problems with your friend often helps to solve the problem.
D.A friend who gives you his lunch money is a true friend.

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Imagine a boy from a small village in East Africa, He from a very early age has been looking after cattle. At twelve years old he knows more about cattle than most of you. However, he has never been to school. Has this boy ever had any education?
Education is discovering about ourselves and about the people and things around us. All the people who care about us — our parents, brothers, sisters, friends — are our teachers. In fact, we learn something from everyone we meet. We start learning on the day we are born, not on the first day" we go to school. Every day we have new experiences, like finding a bird's nest, discovering a new street in our neighborhood, making friends with someone we didn't like before. New experiences are even more fun when we share them with other people.
Encouragement from the people around us enables us to explore things as much as possible. As we grow up, we begin to find out what we are capable of doing. You may be good at cooking, or singing or playing football. You find this out by doing these things. Just thinking about cooking doesn't tell you if you are good at it.
We learn so much just living from day to day. So why is school important? Of course you can learn some things better at home than at school, like how to do the shopping, and how to help old or disabled people who can' t do everything for themselves. At school, teachers help us to read and write. With their guidance, we begin to see things in different ways.
小題1: The writer takes the African boy as an example to show that _______.
A.African children are very poor
B.some children are unlucky
C.education takes many ways
D.schools are of great importance
小題2:In the eyes of the writer       .
A.we have to learn from the people around us
B.school is not important at all
C.only the people caring for us can teach us
D.education takes place everywhere
小題3:One can find out what he is good at by     _.
A.the encouragement of people aroundB.the teachings of those he or she meets
C.thinking of it when growing upD.trying practicing it
小題4: How the writer looks at the role of school is that       .
A.school is not so important as our living places
B.school enables us to understand the world in other ways
C.school teaches us something useless at home
D.school cannot prepare us for our daily lives
小題5: The passage tells us that _    .
A.everyone gets education from the day he or she is born
B.different education trains different classes of people
C.school is absolutely necessary if one wants to understand the world
D.everyone will find out what he or she is good at

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

It is time for students to sell such things as chocolate bars and greeting cards to raise money for their school, class or club. It is inevitable that they will knock on your door and you will easily hand over your cash for overpriced items that you really do not want. That is okay, though, because there are many reasons why children should be allowed to raise money for their schools and clubs.
Fundraising(募集資金) is a great way to help children learn social skills. It is not easy to go up to a complete stranger and ask him for his money. They have to nicely ask for help, show the interested buyer what they have to offer and explain how it will help them in school. If someone refuses to buy an item, that child has to take the failure in stride(不特別費(fèi)力地), and that is a learning lesson as well.
Students can learn how to deal with money by fundraising. Of course, it might seem safer for us to take charge of our children’s earnings from their fundraising before it is turned into the school. However, by making them keep track of it, count it, and make sure everyone pays the right amount, they are learning an important lesson. Dealing with money is important to know about when they are older.
Fundraising helps improve their schools. It is the children’s school. They have to learn there and grow there. Why not let them help in making it a better place?
Fundraising allows for more life experiences for the child. The raised money is used towards things like parties, trips, or for the music club to go to see a Broadway play. The children receive the rewards for their hard work at raising the money. Without fundraising, these field trips and special school memories would be missed.
In a word, fundraising helps children a lot in many ways.
小題1:The underlined word “inevitable” in the first paragraph means “_______”.
A.不可能的B.不恰當(dāng)?shù)?/td>C.不可避免的D.不現(xiàn)實(shí)的
小題2:One of the important indications that children are grown up is that __________.
A.children can deal with money
B.children learn to care for others
C.children make a date with friends of the other sex
D.children like to make up
小題3:The author thinks that fundraising _______.
A.a(chǎn)dds to the family’s burdenB.wastes the learning time
C.helps to develop the children’s characterD.builds up the children’s bodies
小題4:Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
CP: Central point   P: Point      Sp: Sub-point(次要點(diǎn))     C: Conclusion

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

It doesn’t matter when or how much a person sleeps, but everyone needs some rest to stay alive. That’s what all doctors thought, until they heard about Al Herpin. Al Herpin, it was said, never slept. Could this be true? The doctors decided to see this strange man themselves.
Al Herpin was 90 years old when the doctors came to his home in New Jersey. They thought for sure that he got some sleep of some kind. So they stayed with him and watched every movement he made. But they were surprised. Though they watched him hour after hour and day after day, they never saw Herpin sleeping. In fact, he did not even own a bed. He never needed one.
The only rest that Herpin sometimes got was sitting in a comfortable chair and reading newspapers. The doctors were puzzled by his strange continuous sleeplessness. They asked him a lot of questions, hoping to find an answer. They found only one answer that might explain this question. Herpin remembered some talk about his mother having been injured several days before he was born. But that was all. Was this the real reason? No one could be sure.
Herpin died at the age of 94.
小題1:The doctors came to Herpin’s home in order to __________.
A.treat him for his illness
B.find the reason why some old people didn’t need any sleep.
C.get some proof to show his sleeplessness was not really true.
D.help him to have a rest in some day.
小題2:After watching him closely, the doctors came to believe that Al Herpin ________.
A.needed some kind of sleep.
B.needed no sleep at all.
C.was too old to need any sleep.
D.often slept in a chair.
小題3:Al Herpin’s condition could be regarded as ___________.
A.a(chǎn)n unusual oneB.a(chǎn) common one
C.very healthyD.very funny
小題4: The main idea of this passage is that ____________.  
A.large numbers of people do not need sleep
B.everyone needs some sleep to stay alive
C.people can live longer by trying not to sleep at all
D.a(chǎn) person was found who actually didn’t need any sleep

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

One genetic mutation(基因突變)occurs on average for every 15 cigarettes that a typical lung-cancer patient smokes, according to a study that has found for the first time all of the mutations happen during the lifetime of a cancer patient.
Scientists have completed a full genetic examinations of the genomes(基因組) of cancer patients, and hope the information will lead to a basic understanding of the causes of cancer—and possibly drugs and treatments—by making out the mutations that turn a healthy cell into a cancerous tumor cell.
They studied a lung-cancer patient who had about 23,000 DNA mutations in his lung cells that were connected with exposure(暴露) to the toxins found in cigarette smoke and had built up over his lifetime.
They also looked at a patient with malignant melanoma(惡性黑色腫瘤), the most dangerous form of skin cancer, who had got 30,000 special mutations known to be connected with exposure to sunlight.
Scientists believe this new finding into the genetics of cancer will finally lead to new drugs and perfect treatments that aim at the specific changes to the gene that cause the disease, as well as new techniques for discovering following cancers that have escaped from treatment in other parts of the body.
“For the first time, we have a complete map of all mutations in a cancer cell,” said Dr. Peter Campbell, who led the Cancer Genome project to work out the whole DNA system of tumor cells in order find the mutations.
A similar method was performed on the cells of a patient with skin cancer, which is how the researchers were able to show that the malignant skin cells contained changes that resulted from exposure to light.
“These are the two main cancers in the developed world for which we know the chief exposure. For lung cancer it is cigarette smoke, and for malignant melanoma it is exposure to sunlight,” Professor Campbell said.
小題1:What can the genetic examination of the genomes of cancer patients be used for?
A.To help the professors to win the Nobel Prizes.
B.To advance the study of reason and cure of cancer.
C.To make the medicine industries earn more money.
D.To help the cancer patients reduce their pain.
小題2:The underlined word in the third paragraph can be placed by_____.
A.smokeB.sunlightC.cellD.poison
小題3:Which of the following statements is right according to the passage?
A.The lung-cancer patient had 30,000 mutations in his lung cells.
B.The genetics of cancer will finally lead to new drugs soon.
C.It’s the first time that people mapped mutations in a cancer cell.
D.Dr. Peter tries to invent a new drug with the DNA system.
小題4:What’s the similarity between malignant melanoma and skin cancer of patients?
A.Their smoking too much in daily life.
B.Their receiving too much sunshine.
C.Their refusing to accept treatment.
D.Their interest in travelling abroad.

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科目:高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源:不詳 題型:閱讀理解

Boris Worm of Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia, Canada, led the international team that did the study. Professor Worm says species have recently been disappearing from oceans at increasing speed. At this rate, he says, all seafood species could collapse by 2048 and seafood supplies from the world’s ocean could be almost gone by then.
Other studies have also warned about the dangers of overfishing and the effects on ocean environments. But not everyone thinks the oceans are likely to be empty in fifty years. Some scientists said parts of the world do have problems, but others are doing a good job of protecting fish populations. Government officials in several countries with large fishing industries also questioned the research.
The study appeared earlier this month in Science magazine.
The researchers say damage to oceans affects not only fish populations but also the productivity of ecosystems. These complex systems help control water quality. The scientists say the loss of different kinds of sea life appeared to increase the risk of fish kills and beach closures from harmful algae growth.
The scientists examined the results of thirty-two experiments and observed forty-eight protected areas. They also looked at records of catches worldwide. They studied records from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization for nineteen fifty to two thousand three. And they examined archeological information and other historical records for twelve coastal areas. That research reached back over a thousand years.
Boris Worm says the findings were, in his words, "beyond anything we suspected." But he also said the situation is not too late to correct. He said that with good fisheries management, some species could completely recover in three to ten years.
小題1:Which of the following isn’t the damage to the ocean?     
A.The species of fish in the ocean are reducing.
B.Sea water is polluted.
C.Sea water quality is improved.
D.Less productivity of ecosystem.
小題2:The conclusion of the research led by Boris Worm is _________. 
A.unbearableB.unbelievable
C.doubtfulD.Convincing
小題3:The research led by Boris Worm _________.          
A.was conducted by scientists from Canada
B.referred to information of many countries
C.lasted from 1950 to 2003
D.referred to records dating back to over 1,000 years ago.
小題4:Which of the following statements is NOT true?      
A.It’s too late to take action to improve the situation.
B.Some species will recover with efforts.
C.Boris Worm hopes that people take the warning serious.
D.Boris Worm shows great concern about ecosystem.

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