Question

A new study says one part of the human brain may become smaller as the result of a condition known as jet lag. Jet lag results from flying long distances in an airplane. People with jet lag may feel extremely tired for several days. They may also have problems thinking clearly and remembering.?

Recently a researcher at the University of Bristol in Britain reported the findings of his jet lag study, which involved twenty young women who worked for international airlines. They had served passengers on airplanes for five years. These flight attendants flew across many countries and at least seven time zones. In the study, the flight attendants had different amounts of time to recover from jet lag. Half the women spent five days or fewer in their home areas between long flights. The other half spent more than fourteen days in their home areas.?

The researcher took some saliva from the women's mouths to measure levels of a hormone(荷爾蒙) that increases during stress. He tested them to see if they could remember where black spots appeared on a computer screen. And he took pictures of their brains to measure the size of the brain's temporal lobes(腦葉).?

It was found that the women who had less time between flights had smaller right temporal lobes. This area of the brain deals with recognizing and remembering what is seen. The same group performed worse and had slower reaction times on the visual memory test. And their saliva samples showed higher levels of stress hormones.?

The researcher believes the brain needs at least ten days to recover after a long trip. He says airline workers told him their ability to remember got worse after working on planes for about four years. Other studies have shown that increased feelings of stress can cause a loss of cells in the part of the brain that controls memory.?

Scientists say more tests are needed to study the effects of jet lag on the brain. They want to find out if too much jet lag could permanently affect memory.?

According to the text, jet lag _______.?

A. can cause difficulties in speaking

B. can make people feel tired for a few weeks?

C. can be only found in flight attendants

D. can be caused by flying over several time zones?

It can be inferred from the text that _______.

A. the conclusion is refused by many scientists?

B. scientists fear that this research is not done properly?

C. every scientific conclusion needs the support from many tests?

D. the women who were examined in the research were not healthy?

From the result of the research we can see that _______.

A. the women who have longer rest at home show better memory?

B. the women who fly in short time have smaller right temporal lobes?

C. the women who have longer flights fail the memory test?

D. the women who rest more than 14 days produce less hormones?

What is the subject discussed in the text??

A. The cause of jet lag.?

B. A story of a group of flight attendants.?

C. The importance of having enough rest after flights.?

D. A research about the effects of jet lag on the brain.??

Answer 1

【小題1】D

【小題2】C

【小題3】A

【小題4】D

解析:

【小題1】這是一道細節(jié)判斷題。A項中不是in speaking 而是in thinking and remembering,參看第四段第二句話“This area of the brain deals with recognizing and remembering what is seen”和最后一段的最后一句“They want to find out if too much jet lag could permanently affect memory”。B項中不是a few weeks而是several days,參看第一段第三句。C項中only太絕對化了。D項比較接近事實,參看第一段第二句話“Jet lag results from flying long distances in an airplane”和第二段第三句話“These flight attendants flew across many countries and at least seven time zones”。?

【小題2】這是一道推斷題。依據(jù)文章的最后兩段來推A、B項中的refused和fear是錯誤的,D項依據(jù)第二段的第二三行“which involved twenty young women who worked for international airlines. They had served passengers on airplanes for five years”,這里并沒有提到這些婦女not healthy。C項可以從文章的最后一段的第一句中判斷“Scientists say more tests are needed to study the effects of jet lag on the brain”。

【小題3】　這是一道判斷題。主要依據(jù)文章的第三、四段來推斷。第一句和第二句“It was found that the women who had less time between flights had smaller right temporal lobes. This area of the brain deals with recognizing and remembering what is seen.”意思是說:“休息時間短,右腦葉就小,而右腦葉是管辨別和記憶的。”從第三段“And he took pictures of their brains to measure the size of the brain's temporal lobes(腦葉)”可知,記憶與腦葉的大小有關(guān)。由此可以推斷:在家休息時間長的人記憶就好些。B項與事實正好相反。C項實驗的目的并不是要看及格或不及格。D項應(yīng)該是produce less stress hormones。?

【小題4】　這是一道主旨題。閱讀每一段的第一句話,就一目了然了。它們?nèi)�是圍繞a study/research/researcher say/reported/found等來說的,因此全文是關(guān)于jet lag對大腦的影響的研究情況。