第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)）
第一節(jié)：閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
We already know the fastest, least expensive way to slow climate change: Use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or more—doing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets．
Not long ago．My wife, PJ, and I tried a new diet—not to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change．Scientists have reported recently that the world is heating up even faster than predicted only a few years ago, and that the consequences could be severe if we don’t keep reducing emissions（排放）of carbon dioxide（CO2）and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere．
We decided to try an experiment．For one month we recorded our personal emissions of CO2．We wanted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict diet．The average US household produces about 150 pounds of CO2 a day by doing common-place things like turning on air-conditioning or driving cars．That’s more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average, mostly because Americans drive more and have bigger houses．But how much should we try to reduce?
For an answer, I checked with Tim Flannery, author of The Weather Makers: How Man Is Changing the Climate and What It Means for Life on Earth．In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emissions to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping points, such as the meltingof the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica．“To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO2 emissions by 80 percent,” he said．
Good advice, I thought．I’d opened our bedroom windows to let in the wind．We’d gotten so used to keeping our air-conditioning going around the clock．I’d almost forgotten the windows even opened．We should not let this happen again．It’s time for us to change our habits if necessary．
41．Why did the author and his wife try a new diet?
A．To take special kinds of food B．To respond to climate change．
C．To lose weight      D．To improve their health
42．The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to          .
A．freezing points         B．burning points      
C．melting points           D．boiling points
43．It can be inferred from the passage that        .
A．it is necessary to keep the air-conditioning on all the time
B．it seems possible for every household to cut emissions of CO2
C．the average US household produces about 3,000 pounds of CO2 a month
D．the average European household produces about 1,000 pounds of CO2 a month
44．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A．Saving Energy Strats at Home       B．Changing Our Habits Begins at Work
C．Changing Climate Sounds Reasonalbe    D．Reducing Emissions of CO2 Proves Difficult
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

When families gather for Christmas dinner, some will stick to formal traditions dating back to grandma’s generation. Their tables will be set with the good dishes and silver, and the dress code will be Sunday best.
But in many other homes, this china-and-silver elegance has given way to a stoneware (粗陶) and stainless informality, with dresses assuming an equally casual-Friday look. For hosts and guests, the change means greater simplicity and comfort. For makers of fine china in Britain, it spells economic hard times.
Last week Royal Doulton, the largest employer in Stoke-on-Trent, announced that it is eliminating 1,000 jobs－one-fifth of its total workforce. That brings to more than 4,000 the number of positions lost in 18 months in the pottery (陶瓷) region. Wedgwood and other pottery factories made cuts earlier.
Although a strong pound and weak markets in Asia play a role in the downsizing, the layoffs in Stoke have their roots in earthshaking social shifts. A spokesman for Royal Doulton admitted that the company “has been somewhat slow in catching up with the trend” toward casual dining. Families eat together less often, he explained, and more people eat alone, either because they are single or they eat in front of television.
Even dinner parties, if they happen at all, have gone casual. In a time of long work hours and demanding family schedules, busy hosts insist, rightly, that it’s better to share a takeout pizza on paper plates in the family room than to wait for the perfect moment or a “real” dinner party. Too often, the perfect moment never comes. Iron a fine-patterned tablecloth? Forget it. Polish the silver? Who has time?
Yet the loss of formality has its down side. The fine points of etiquette (禮節(jié)) that children might once have learned at the table by observation or instruction from parents and grandparents (“Chew with your mouth closed.” “Keep your elbows off the table.”) must be picked up elsewhere. Some companies now offer etiquette seminars for employees who may be able professionally but inexperienced socially.
67．Why do people tend to follow the trend to casual dining?
A. Family members need more time to relax.
B. Busy schedules leave people no time for formality.
C. People prefer to live a comfortable life.
D. Young people won’t follow the etiquette of the older generation
68．It can be learned from the passage that Royal Doulton is ________.
A. a seller of stainless steel tableware                      B. a dealer in stoneware
C. a pottery chain store                                                 D. a producer of fine china
69．The main cause of the layoffs in the pottery industry is ________.
A. the increased value of the pound                          
B. the worsening economy in Asia
C. the change in people’s way of life
D. the fierce competition at home and abroad
70．Formal table manners, though less popular than before in current social life, ________.
A. are still a must on certain occasions                     B. are certain to return sooner or later
C. are still being taught by parents at home                    D. can help improve personal relationships

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


You can love them or hate them, but no matter which tourist destination you visit, chances are that you’ll see someone with their head buried in a Lonely Planet guidebook.
Lonely Planet is one of the world’s largest travel guide brands, publishing more than 500 different guides in eight languages. The popular brand also produces television shows, websites and podcasts(播客)all devoted to travel.
Some people praise Lonely Planet books because they make traveling easy and affordable. They also save time and make sure you don’t miss the best things.
They also provide the reviews of hostels(旅店), hotels, restaurants and ticket information about your destination.
This can be great if you’re a nervous traveler, or if you haven’t traveled by yourself before. If you’re in a country where you don’t speak the language, sometimes there’s nothing better than getting into a taxi and opening up a guidebook. You simply point to a map that directs the taxi driver to a hostel that’s cheap and clean, with friendly staff and cold beer.
But others criticize Lonely Planet and other travel guide publishers like them. They say guidebooks take the fun and spontaneity(自發(fā)性)out of traveling, and that part of the enjoyment of travel comes from the fact that anything can happen. They also regret that if you follow a guidebook, you’ll end up doing the same thing and having the same experience as everyone else. You might end up seeing the same group of people over and over, because everyone is reading the same book and following the same route.
Another criticism of travel guides is that they have a large impact on local communities. For example, some locals devote their lives to behaving in ways that attract tourists. They pretend to live a traditional lifestyle, wear traditional clothes and live in traditional houses in order to attract the tourist dollar.
63. The Lonely Planet guidebook can bring you the following advantages EXCEPT that __________.
A. you can speak a foreign language when opening a guidebook
B. you can easily find a nice place to stay in a strange city
C. it provides lots of useful information about your destination
D. it can help you save time and money when traveling
64. People criticize the guidebook because __________.
A. it is not as useful as most travelers expect
B. tourist destinations will be crowded if everyone follows the same route
C. travelers may not get the chance to have unexpected adventures
D. local people keep modern lifestyles under its influence
65. What do we know about the Lonely Planet guidebook from the text?
A. It’s a world-famous brand only producing guidebooks for travelers.
B. It’s very useful to a person who’s nervous about touring an unfamiliar place.
C. It’s very useful to a tourist who likes to repeat others’ experiences.
D. It is loved by all travelers because of the convenience it brings to travelers.
66. Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? (①—⑦ stand for Paragraph 1
—Paragraph 7 )
A.   ①　　　        　B.  ①                C. ①                D. ①
②                 ②③  ④                ②                ②   ③
③④   ⑤⑥⑦         ⑤        ⑥⑦        ③④⑤  ⑥⑦       ④⑤      ⑥⑦

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Friends are important to children．Research shows that children who have no friends can suffer from difficulties later in life．Friendship provides children with more than just fun．In making friends，children learn how to get in touch with others and solve problems．Having friends even does good to children for they can help each other during class.
If the parents are concerned about whether their children make many friends，what matters is that the child is comfortable and happy with his friends．Parents need to understand the steps children take in building friendships．First of all，be a friend to your child．Good friendships start at home．Children begin to develop the necessary ability to go out and meet others through getting along with their parents. Greet the child warmly and let him know you are glad to see him．Children learn a lot from how their parents stay with them and other people.
Teach children how to solve conflicts(爭(zhēng)端)．Being able to work out conflicts is an important skill in getting along with others．If parents know the children have a conflict，let them work it out on their own．Only step in if it is really necessary，for example，an argument is getting physical.
Give children chances to practice staying together．Have children play games that require cooperation. For example，races are fun and provide plenty of practice in teamwork．“In what ways didn’t you work well together? What might you do differently next time?” For these ideas，see books such as Games Book by Telly Orlick and Team—Building by Alanna Jones.
Encourage children to show thanks to others．The parents can encourage children to do this by setting the example for them．
56．According to the article，if one child has no friend，he will________.
A．have some trouble in the future           B．worry about everything in the future
C. not know the importance of making friends   D．not find anybody to help him
57．Friendship can be helpful to the children EXCEPT_________.
A．providing a lot of fun      B．getting in touch with others
C. solving the problems        D．helping to cheat in the exams
58．When the children disagree with each other，the parents should_______.
A．1et them fight with each other until they find who is the winner
B．do nothing to the children and believe in their abilities
C．1et them work it out by themselves and help if necessary
D. talk with them and try to find good ways to stay together
59．From the text．we can know a good friend should know how to________.
A．fall in love with each other      B．show thanks to others
C. exchange their presents          D．ignore their differences

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


It’s not just adults who have a thing or two to discuss with other people, babies too have their own social lives and enjoy group interaction, according to a world-first study.
The breakthrough study conducted by psychologist Professor Ben Bradley, at Charles Sturt University, could completely transform the way child-care centres are set up. In their study, the researchers examined groups of nine-month-old babies in new South Wales and Britain.
And they came across astounding (令人吃驚的) results – it was found that infants had “social brains” and focused not just on their mothers but on social life in groups as well.
“They communicate with more than one baby at once, and show jealousy and generousness,” said Professor Bradley.
He added, “They develop their own meanings through group interaction, they notice if a group member is behaving differently and they take on roles, such as leaders and followers.”
“A baby who has a depressed mother tends to be withdrawn (內(nèi)向的), but put that same baby in a group of its peers (同齡人)and they behave and interact like any other baby.”
It was the first all-baby group study ever to be conducted. “Most studies of babies concentrate on the infant-mother relationship, assuming that is the single foundation for mental health, but babies are constantly involved with groups of people other than their mothers: fathers, siblings, grandparents and those taking care. Therefore, the ‘mother-baby approach’ needs to be combined with a ‘group approach’,” said Bradley.
Phoebe Christison, a child-care worker at Camperdown Sunshine Bubs in Sydney’s inner west, said she often noticed what appeared to be emotional attachments developed between toddlers.
She said, “Joel (10 months) and Isabella (11 months) always like to hold hands when they sit in their high chairs and eat. And babies definitely show jealousy. They push and touch each other, and copy what the other is doing.”
46. Which of the following statements about the study is TRUE?
A. It’s the first study to look at all-baby groups.
B. It divides babies according to their personalities.
C. Its aim is to change the way of child care.
D. Its results are unbelievable.
47. A baby who has a depressed mother _________.
A. tends to be a follower                       B. also enjoys group interaction
C. has poor social ability                       D. pays more attention to its mother
48. What can be inferred from the result of this study?
A. Babies are affected by groups more than by their mothers.
B. There’s no need of child-care centers at all.
C. Adults should include babies when having social activities.
D. The normal infant-mother bond alone isn’t enough for the good mental health for babies.
49. The underlined word “toddlers” in Para. 8 can be replaced by “_________”.
A. adults    B. infants     C. peers     D. groups
50. The example given in the last paragraph proves that a baby ________.
A. is born to be friendly to other babies
B. has interest in peers as well as in its mother
C. may have emotional attachments to another baby
D. shows jealousy and generousness as an adult

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

One of the most wonderful things about having a positive attitude is that it can touch many people, and it often exists in our everyday life.
Recently, I stopped by a store to get a newspaper and a bottle of drink. The young woman at the check-out counter said, “That’ll be three dollars in all please.” She then glanced down at the paper I was buying and said. “I’m sick and tired of all this negative stuff-on the front pages. I want to read some good news for a change.” She then said, “In fact, I think soemone should just publish a Good News newspaper--- a paper with wonderful, inspirational stories about people over-coming difficulty and doing good things for others. I’d buy one every day!” she then thanked me for coming in and said, “Maybe we’ll get lucky tomorrow; maybe we’ll get some good news.” And she laughed. She made my day.
The following day after my business appointments. I dropped by the same store again to pick up bottled water and a piece of newspaper, but a different young lady was behind the counter. As I checked out I said “Good afternoon” and handed her my money. She said nothing, not a word, not a smile or not a gesture. She just handed me my change and in a negative tone ordered “Next!”
It hit me right between the eyes: Two people, the same age; one made me feel great, and the other, well, made me feel that I had inconvenienced her by showing up.
Every morning you should ask yourself this important question. “Who do I want to be today? The Grouch(不高興的人) or ‘The Good News Girl?’” Your answer will go a long way toward determining the joy and happiness that you will experience in your life.
53. What does the first salesgirl dislike according to her words?
A. Those who have bad manners.         
B. The bad news in the newspaper.
C. The advertisements in the newspaper.   
D. The bad news who break the laws.
54. After he had bought a newspaper on the first day the author _________.
A. was very lucky and excited that day    
B. always remembered the girl’s word
C. read the news in the newspaper carefully 
D. was in a pleasant mood the whole day
55. We learn from the passage that the salesgirl the author met the next day was ________.
A. humorous         B. enthusiastic       C. very cool         D. positive
56. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. I was very surprised.                  B. I was especially angry.
C. I felt very unhappy.                   D. It hurt my heart badly.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解



Some people don’t believe that driving more slowly can save lives. But the truth is that driving more slowly can help a person to avoid serious accidents.
The following chart shows the distance that it takes to stop a car at a given speed. The distance is measured in feet. The shaded area shows the driver’s thinking distance. That’s the distance it takes for the driver to react to a danger that he sees. The white area shows the car’s braking distance. That’s the distance it takes for the car to stop once the brakes are used. The number at the top of each bar shows the total number of feet that it takes to stop the car
72. According to the chart, what is the total number of feet needed to stop a car that is traveling at 50 miles per hour?
A. 55.    B. 73.    C. 128.    D. 183.
73. What is the braking distance for a car that is traveling at 60 miles per hour?
A. 66 feet.    B. 119 feet.    C. 185 feet.    D. 251 feet.
74. Which of the following statements about braking and speed is TRUE?
A. The braking distance is what it takes for the driver to react to a danger that he sees.
B. The speed of a car has a direct effect on the distance needed to stop the car.
C. The braking distance increases only when a driver drives faster than 50 miles per hour
D. Driving slowly can help a person to avoid all accidents
75. The underlined word probably means _____.
A. equipment for slowing down or stopping    B. object that turns around
C. object to control the direction in a car    D. large glass window at the front of a vehicle

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


The amount of time children spend in institutional care（機(jī)構(gòu)式照顧）may affect how their brains develop. That’s the conclusion of a new study carried out by researchers at the University of Wisconsin, Harvard Medical School and the University of Minnesota. The study is published in Child Development in the journal’s January/ February 2010 issue.
To learn how the lack of care and material needs that institutionalized children often experience affect brain development, the researchers looked at 132 8- and 9-year-olds. Some of them were adopted into U.S. homes after spending at least a year and three quarters of their lives in institutions in Asia, Latin America, Russia and Eastern Europe, and Africa. Others were adopted by the time they were 8 months old into U.S. homes from foster care（寄養(yǎng)）in Asia and Latin America; most of these children had spent no time in institutional care, while some had spent a month or two in institutions prior to foster placement. On average, the internationally adopted children had been living with their families for more than 6 years. These children were compared to a group of American children raised in their birth families.
Children adopted early from foster care didn't differ from children raised in their birth families in the United States. Children adopted from institutional care performed worse than those raised in families on tests measuring visual memory and attention, learning visual information, and impulse （沖動(dòng)）control. Yet these children performed at developmentally appropriate levels on tests involving sequencing and planning.
The take-home message: Children make tremendous advances in cognitive（認(rèn)知的） functioning once they reach their adoptive families, but the early impact on their brains' development is difficult to change completely.
"We identified basic learning processes that are affected by early institutionalization," notes Seth Pollak, professor of psychology and pediatrics at the University of Wisconsin, who was the study's lead author. "Policies that speed the time in which children can be removed from institutionalized care so they can develop within family contexts should be implemented to decrease the likelihood of learning problems later in children's lives."
67．The passage is mainly written to___________.
A．compare two childcare systems      B．criticize the institutional childcare
C．present a new research finding          D．introduce the basic learning process
68．Children have their brain development affected in institutional care because__________.
A．they suffer form poor living conditions
B．they spend too much time learning
C．they don’t have freedom staying there
D．they are neither physically nor mentally satisfied
69．Compared with home-raised children, institutionalized children didn’t do as well in tasks like__________.
A．thinking in pictures and self-control
B．working in teams and self-expression
C．putting things in order and self-defense
D．a(chǎn)dapting to the environment and self-panning.
70．It can be concluded form the passage that__________.
A．the United States is a good place for children’s all-round development
B．a(chǎn) perfect family is beneficial to children’s all-round development
C．children in institutional care can hardly achieve anything great
D．nothing has been done to help children in institutional care

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


(B)
We’re not suggesting that you should reach a permanent state called “happiness” and remain there. But there are many ways to keep away from anxiety, anger, frustration and sadness. Here are some ideas to get you started. Choose the ones that work for you.
Practice mindfulness. Focus on the present. Instead of worrying about what you should do tomorrow while you’re having dinner with your family, focus on the here and now—the food, your families, the conversation.
Sing along. Studies fine music activates parts of the brain that produce happiness. In one study, older adults who listened to their choice of music during eye surgery had significantly lower heart rate and blood pressure than those who had silent surgery.
Go to sleep. We have become a nation of sleep-deprived citizens. Taking a daily nap or getting into bed at 8 p.m. at night with a good book and turning the light out an hour later can do more for your mood than any number of bubble baths or massages.
Make a list. There’s nothing like writing down your tasks to help you organize your thoughts and calm your anxiety. Checking off each item provides a great sense of fulfillment.
Visit a quiet place. Libraries, museums, gardens, and places of worship(禮拜場(chǎng)所) provide islands of peace and calm in today’s world. Find a quiet place near your house and make it your secret getaway.
Volunteer. Helping others enables you to put your own problems into perspective(客觀判斷力) and also provides social interaction. While happy people are more likely to help others, helping others increases your happiness. One study found that volunteer work enhanced all four aspects of well-being: happiness, life satisfaction, self-esteem and sense of control over life.
41. According to the passage, which of the following ways can keep you away from bad moods?
A. Staying with your family.                        B. Having a lot of money.
C. Having enough sleep.                              D. Travelling.
42. As stared in the text, ______can reduce the risk of operation.
A. taking a nap when having surgery             B. finding a quiet place to perform surgery
C. keeping quiet when having surgery          D. listening to music when having surgery
43. Making a list of your tasks and checking them off can ________ yourself.
A. encourage      B. satisfy        C. improve       D. change
44. You’d better not go to _______if you want to keep quiet and calm.
A. libraries        B. churches     C. supermarkets     D. gardens
45. According to the passage, why can helping others increase your happiness?
A. Because it’s a good way to relax.
B. Because happy people are more likely to help others.
C. Because it enable you to see your own problems clearly.
D. Because it can enhance your health.  

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