Although English is not as old as Chinese, it is spoken by many people around the world every day. English speakers are always creating new words, and we should be able to know where most words come from.
Sometimes, however, no one may know really where a word comes from. Did you ever think about why hamburgers are called hamburgers, especially when they are not made with ham( 火腿 )? About a hundred years ago, some men went to America from Europe. They came from a big city in Germany called Hamburger. They didn’t speak good English, but they ate good food. When some Americans saw them eating round pieces of beef, they asked the Germans what it was. The Germans did not understand the question and answered. “We came from Hamburger.” One of these Americans owned a restaurant, and had an idea. He cooked some round pieces of beef like what the men from Hamburger ate. Then he put them between two pieces of bread and started selling them. Today “ hamburgers” are sold in many countries around the world.
Whether this story is true or not, it certainly is interesting. Knowing why any word has a certain meaning is interesting, too. The reason may be found in any large English dictionary.
小題1:According to the writer, English ______.
A．is as old as ChineseB．is not so old as Chinese
C．is older than GermanD．is very difficult to learn
小題2:According to the story,_______.
A．few Americans like hamburgers
B．hamburgers are made with beef
C．hamburgers are made with ham
D．hamburgers were sold all over the world about a century ago
小題3:According to the writer, which of the following can be found in any large English dictionary?
A．Where all the new words come from
B．Where those Germans came from
C．The reason why any word has a certain meaning.
D．The reason why English is spoken around the world
小題4:According to the story, the word “hamburger” comes from ________.
A．China because it has a long history
B．England because Germans don’t speak good English
C．the round pieces of beef those people from Hamburger brought to America
D．English speakers because they always create new words

小題1:B
小題2:B
小題3:C
小題4:C

試題分析：本文介紹英語中的詞匯的來歷，舉了漢堡包的例子，說明我們可以了解一些單詞的來歷是很有趣的事情。
小題1:細節(jié)題：從第一段的句子：Although English is not as old as Chinese,可知英語沒有漢語那么古老。選B
小題2:細節(jié)題：從第二段的：One of these Americans owned a restaurant, and had an idea. He cooked some round pieces of beef like what the men from Hamburger ate.可知漢堡包原來是牛肉做的。選B
小題3:細節(jié)題：從最后一段的句子：The reason may be found in any large English dictionary.可知選 C
小題4:細節(jié)題：從第二段舉的例子可知漢堡包來自于從Hamburger 來的人帶到美國的牛肉。選C
點評：這篇文章結(jié)構(gòu) 清晰，提出話題—舉例—總結(jié)，對于細節(jié)題的考查很細致，考生要注意迅速抓住關(guān)鍵句子。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Expressions about water are almost as common as water itself. But many of the expressions using water have unpleasant meanings.
The expression “to be in hot water" is one of them. It is a very old expression. “Hot water” was used 500 years ago to mean being in trouble. One story says it got that meaning from the custom of throwing extremely hot water down on enemies attacking a castle.
That no longer happens. But we still get in “hot water”．When we are in “hot water”, we are in trouble. It can be any kind of trouble—serious or not so serious. A person who breaks a law can be in hot water with the police. A young boy can be in hot water with his mother. if he walks in the house with dirty shoes.
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You are in deep water when you are facing a problem that you do not have the ability to solve. The problem is too deep. You can be in deep water, for example, if you invest in stocks without knowing anything about the stock market.
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“Water over the dam” is another expression about a past event. It is something that is finished. It cannot be changed. The expression comes from the idea that water that has flowed over a dam cannot be brought back again.
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A．To be in hot water；To be in deep water.
B．To be in hot water；To keep your head above water.
C．To be in deep water；Water over the dam.
D．Water over the dam；To be in hot water.
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A．he is in danger of losing his life
B．he is trying to pay off his debt
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B．“Water over the dam” is an expression about a future event.
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D．All of the expressions using water have unpleasant meanings.
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C．A Newly Sprung Festival for the Singles
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A．About 80 million．B．About 100 million．
C．About 125 million．D．About 180 million．
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A．Optimistic．B．Concerned．
C．Sympathetic．D．Indifferent．

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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A．Learning to Save on TextbooksB．Why Buy Textbooks
C．Online Shopping D．Tips for Buying Secondhand Textbooks
小題2:Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a source to obtain textbooks ?
A．College bookstores.B．Online used bookstores.
C．Online auctions.D．Second-hand bookstore centres.
小題3:The underlined expression “pros and cons” (paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to __________.
A．professionals and conservativesB．joy and sadness
C．a(chǎn)dvantages and disadvantagesD．processes and conditions
小題4:According to the passage, Project Gutenberg is probably __________.
A．a(chǎn) government project aimed at helping English majors
B．a(chǎn) project to help poor students get free learning materials
C．a(chǎn) website for English majors to get the guides from language experts
D．a(chǎn) website for students to get free sources for English learning
小題5:From the passage, we can learn that__________.
A．the cost of textbooks in college is low compared to the amount spent on tuition
B．online auctions are perfect for students seeking text books
C．students should visit many websites before buying their books
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A．The absence of blackboard in classroom.
B．The use of new technologies in teaching.
C．The lack of practice in handwriting.
D．The popular use of smartphones.
小題2:Berninger’s study published in 2009 ___________.
A．focused on the difference between writing by hand and on a computer
B．indicated that students prefer to write with a pen and paper
C．found that good essays are made up of long sentences
D．discussed the importance of writing speed
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B．Spelling ability is closely related to writing ability.
C．Spelling benefits the translation from words into ideas.
D．Spelling slows down finding exact words to express ideas.
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A．Window.B．SoulC．PictureD．Imagination.
小題5:What conclusion could be drawn from the passage?
A．Computers can help people with their choice of words.
B．Spell checks can take the place of spelling teaching.
C．Handwriting still has a place in today’s classrooms.
D．Functional spelling ability develops fast in the fifth grade.

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Cold weather has a great effect on how our minds and our bodies work. Maybe that is why there are so many expressions that use the word “cold”. For centuries, the body’s blood has been linked closely with the emotions. People who show no human emotions or feelings, for example, are said to be cold-blooded. Cold-blooded people act in merciless ways. They may do brutal things to others, and not by accident. For example, a newspaper says the police are searching for a cold-blooded killer. The killer murdered someone, not in self-defense. He seemed to kill for no reason, and with no emotion, as if taking someone’s life meant nothing.
Cold can affect other parts of the body, the feet, for example. Heavy socks can you’re your feet, if your feet are really cold. But there is an expression—to get cold feet—that has nothing to do with cold or your feet.
The expression means being afraid to do something you have decided to do. For example, you agree to be president of an organization. But then you learn that all the other officers have resigned. All the work of the organization will be your responsibility. You are likely to get cold feet about being the president when you understand the situation.
Cold can also affect your shoulder. You give someone the cold shoulder when you refuse to speak to them. You treat them in a distant and cold way. The expression probably comes from the physical act of turning your back toward someone, instead of speaking to him face-to-face. You may give a cold shoulder to a friend who has not kept a promise he made to you, or to someone who has lied about you to others.
A cold fish is not a fish. It is a person. But it is a person who is unfriendly, unemotional and shows no love or warmth. A cold fish does not offer much of himself to anyone.
Out in the cold is an expression often heard. It means not getting something that everybody else got. A person might say that everybody but him got a pay raise, and that he was left out in the cold. And it is not a pleasant place to be.
小題1:The passage is intended to tell us that ______ .
A．cold weather has a great effect on human bodies
B．many English expressions contain the word “cold”
C．cold is a word closely linked with human emotions
D．the word “cold” has many different meanings in English
小題2:The underlined word “brutal” in Paragraph 1 most probably means “______”.
A．impoliteB．illegalC．cruel D．extreme
小題3:Which of the following expressions can best describe a person who is unwilling to offer anything to others?
A．Cold-blooded.B．To get cold feet.C．A cold shoulder.D．A cold fish.
小題4:You can say Tom ______ if the teacher gives all the boys except him a pen as a prize.
A．is given the cold shoulder
B．is left out in the cold
C．has got cold feet
D．is murdered by a cold-blooded killer
小題5:We can draw a conclusion from the passage that ______ .
A．a(chǎn)ll the expressions containing the word “cold” have a negative meaning
B．a(chǎn)ll the expressions containing the word “cold” have something to do with cold
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Protecting Copyright
Having finished her homework, Ma Li wants some music. As usual, she starts her computer and goes to Baidu.com to download music files. But this time she is surprised when an announcement about protecting songs’ copyright bursts onto the screen. The age of free music and movie downloads may have come to an end as Web companies like Baidu are accused of pirating copyright. Lawsuits have been filed against four websites offering free downloads. In September 2005, a Beijing court ordered Baidu to pay recording company Shanghai Push compensation for their losses. Baidu was also told to block the links to the pirated music on the website. This caused a heated discussion on Interact file sharing.
“Baidu’s defeat in the lawsuit shows it is not right to get copyrighted songs without paying. Down loaders may face lawsuits or fines,” said an official.
Like many teens, Huang Ruoru, an 18-year-old girl from Puning in Guangdong Province, doesn’t think that getting music from websites is wrong. She always shares her favourite songs downloaded from Baidu with her friends. When told about the lawsuit, she began to feel a little guilty about obtaining others’ work without paying.
However, other teenagers have different ideas. Wang Yafei, a Senior 2 girl from Jinan, Shandong Province pointed out that file sharing is a good way to promote pop singers. “If I download a song and really like it, I will buy the CD,” she said. “So what the recording companies really should concentrate on is improving their music, rather than pursuingfile-sharers.”
小題1:Which of the following best describes the passage?
A．Downloading material can be illegal.
B．Music on the Internet is of better quality.
C．It’s good to get free music on the Internet.
D．Baidu is a popular web company.
小題2:The four web companies were put to court because ________.
A．they got copyrighted songs without paying
B．they make copyrighted files for free downloads
C．they downloaded copyrighted music for people
D．they offer free music on line
小題3:How do some of the teenagers feel while downloading free music after the lawsuit?
A．A bit guilty. 　B．A little sad.　
C．Extremely angry. 　D．Awfully sorry.
小題4:What’s the advantage of file sharing for recording companies?
A．Getting more money from web companies.
B．Making pop singers more popular.
C．Helping to improve the music.
D．Enabling people to download favorite songs.
小題5:It can be inferred from the text that _________.
A．Web companies are still ignoring the copyright laws.
B．Teenagers haven’t got money to buy CDs.
C．Teenagers are probably still downloading free music.
D．Teenagers prefer CDs with copyright to pirated music.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


Holiday Inns and McDonald’s. both saw unmatched growth in the 1960s. Their growth opened another direct business operation—franchising.
These operations have the same general pattern. The franchisor, the parent company, first establishes a successful retail business. As it expands, it sees a profit potential in offering others the right to open similar business under its name. The parent company’s methods and means of identification with consumers are included in this right. The parent company supplies skill, and may build and rent stores to franchisees. For these advantages the franchisee pays the franchisor a considerable fee. However, some of the advantages and disadvantages are different.
By extending a “proven” marketing method, a parent can profit in several ways. First, the franchisee’s purchase price gives the parent an immediate return on the plan. Then the sale of supplies to the franchisee provides a continuing source of profits. As new businesses are added and the company’s reputation spreads, the values of the franchise increases and sales of franchises become easier. The snowballing effect can be dramatic. Such growth, too, bring into play the economies of scale. Regional or national advertising that might be financially impossible for a franchisor with 20 franchises could be profitable for one with 40.
The parent, then, finds immediate gains from the opportunity to expand markets on the basis of reputation alone, without having to put up capital or take the risk of owning retail stores. Added to this advantage is a less obvious but material one, Skilled, responsible retail managers are rare. People who invest their capital in franchises, though, probably come closer to the ideal than do paid managers. In fact, the franchisee is an independent store operator working for the franchisor, but without an independent’s freedom to drop supplies at will. Of course the factory’s costs of selling supplies are less. But also certainly the franchisee buying goods that have had broad consumer acceptance will not casually change supplies, even when the contract permits. If the hamburger is not what the customer expected, they may not return. Having paid for the goodwill, the franchisee won’t thoughtlessly destroy it.
小題1: Franchising refers to a business operation in which a successful parent company          .
A．sells name-brand goods to a private investor
B．rents proven ideas and techniques for investment
C．sells the right, the guidance to a business under its name
D．takes no advertising responsibility for individual investors
小題2:. The advantages of franchising to the parent company are all the following EXCEPT      .
A．a(chǎn)n immediate investment return
B．the profit from the sale of supplies
C．the ownership of additional retail stores
D．the possibility of profitable advertising
小題3: The passage mainly tells the reader          .
A．the advantages and disadvantages of franchising
B．the benefits of franchising to the franchisor
C．the unmatched economic growth in the 1960’s
D．some regional and national business operation
小題4:. What will the author probably discuss after the last paragraph?
A．More advantages of franchising.
B．Negative aspects related to franchising.
C．The standard of consumer acceptance.
D．Risks of investment besides franchising

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It may not be news to parents of teenage girls, but researchers have confirmed that no one can stop their 16-year-old daughter from deciding how the family spends its money.
The willpower and determination of teenage girls give them a big say in how a family’s money is spent on everything from food and meals to mobile phones, and, of course, clothes. Teenage boys did not show up at all in the analysis, which was designed to find out the influence of young people on household spending.
The findings on the spending power of teenage girls were calculated from Office for National Statistics records of family spending during the 1980s and 1990s. Researchers examined how much money went on services and leisure goods in different kinds of homes. They checked spending on food, restaurant meals, alcohol, tobacco, services, heating, transport, clothes and sports in 2,745 British families.
They found that teenage girls in the UK typically played an active role in family decisions about the allocation（分配）of household resources. But older children— those over the age of 21 who are still living with their parents—appear to have no say in household decisions.
They also tried to calculate to what extent the bargaining power of a teenager affected family budgets. “Every parent knows that children, even at a very early age, have their own preferences with regard to consumption, researchers said. “But children are only interested in a limited range of goods—mainly sweets and toys—and parents are able to use punishment to reduce their children’s bargaining power or remove it.”  When they become teenagers, however, girls are much more independent and they are capable of earning their own money, which improves their bargaining power in family decisions.
The researchers could not explain why girls have more influence over spending while the evidence for boys is much less conclusive. However, this study could be of great significance to market research and how marketers target children.
小題1: From the passage we can learn that            .
A．teenage girls have more influence over family budgets than teenage boys
B．teenage boys don't want to decide on household spending
C．teenage boys have some influence over household
D．teenage girls have weaker willpower and determination than teenage boys
小題2:What does the underlined part “give them a big say” in the second paragraph mean?
A．Make them dare to say something.
B．Make them want to know.
C．Make them say something meaningful.
D．Make their influence stronger.
小題3:It appears that household decisions are NOT affected by        .
A．girls living with parents
B．girls over 21
C．girls over 12
D．girls living alone
小題4:How can parents reduce children’s bargaining power?
A．By persuading them
B．By offering them sweets or toys.
C．By threatening to punish them.
D．By allocating household resources.

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