Learning to drive is important to the independence of teenagers, but it is also a great responsibility．Although having a law that keeps 16-year-old drivers from having more than one teenager in the car with them at first seems unfair, there are convincing reasons for this requirement．
The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety reports that teens are four times more likely than older drivers to be involved in an automobile accident．It also reports that 16-and 17-year-old drivers are twice as likely to have an accident if they have two teenage friends in the car and four times as likely to have one if they have three or more teenage friends in the car with them．Fatal （ 致命的） crashes of 16-year-old drivers involve the highest percentage of speeding, driver error, and number of passengers．This information is enough to cause any reasonable person to wonder about the wisdom of allowing new teen drivers to take a carload of friends anywhere, even if the law permits it．
A study at the National Institutes of Health indicates that the part of the human brain that controls judgment and evaluates the consequences of our actions might not be fully formed until the age of 25．Until this study, researchers had placed the age at 18．If this is true, it could explain the reckless （魯莽的） behavior of many teens, behavior that often extends into their twenties．It also could be a strong reason for being cautious about the driving circumstances of young people．
This is not the only study that indicates such caution is necessary．One study at Temple University in Philadelphia examines the results of peer（同齡人） pressure in risky driving situations．The study, which uses a driving game, has an individual guide a car through a course, both alone and in the presence of friends．Three different age groups participated in the study: 13-16, 18-22, and 24 and older．Members of the oldest group showed caution whether driving alone or with friends present, but the two younger groups took more chances when they were with their friends．Furthermore, because these drivers were accustomed to the noise and distraction of many passengers, they were unable to see their own mistakes．Once again, this is a good indication that a law restricting the number of teenagers in the car with a young driver is a good idea．
小題1:What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 2?
A．Many deaths have occurred because of inexperience and overconfidence．
B．It' s reasonable to severely limit the passenger number of teen drivers．
C．New teen drivers have to ask permission before driving with friends．
D．There are many causes behind the teens' driving accidents．
小題2:From the two studies, the author probably suggests that ______．
A．different age groups have different peer pressure
B．teenagers often give wrong judgments above passengers' noise
C．underdeveloped brain makes teens ignore their mistakes
D．driving circumstances are bound up with（與…密切相關(guān)） the risk of accidents
小題3:We can infer that the law restriction can probably ______．
A．protect teens on the highway
B．raise teens' sense of responsibility
C．reduce the number of fatal crashes
D．force teens to drive with caution
小題4:With which statement would the author most likely disagree?
A．Some teenagers have risky behavior while driving．
B．Certain laws treat teenagers and adults differently．
C．We still need more studies on teen driving．
D．Driving is important to a teenager' s sense of independence．

小題1:B
小題2:D
小題3:A
小題4:C

試題分析：本文圍繞法律限制車(chē)內(nèi)青少年的人數(shù)這一論點(diǎn)展開(kāi)論證，通過(guò)對(duì)兩個(gè)研究的分析原因，論證了法律的可行性，科學(xué)性。該法律的最終結(jié)果就是為了保護(hù)高速路上的青少年。
小題1:從第一段最后一句there are convincing reasons for this requirement說(shuō)明緊接第二段將論證法律規(guī)定16歲的年輕司機(jī)車(chē)內(nèi)不能載超過(guò)一個(gè)青少年的原因，這樣做是合理的。故選B
小題2:從第二段第一個(gè)研究中的結(jié)論It also could be a strong reason for being cautious about the driving circumstances of young people可知駕駛環(huán)境與事故的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有密切聯(lián)系。
小題3:BCD答案均為法律限制車(chē)內(nèi)青少年的人數(shù)的直接目的，不是推斷出來(lái)的，而A答案則是該法律的最終結(jié)果：保護(hù)高速路上的青少年，文章中并沒(méi)提及，但可推斷出來(lái)，故選A
小題4:文章作者通過(guò)兩個(gè)研究均表明這條法律的可行性，科學(xué)性，故不會(huì)贊同做進(jìn)一步的研究。所以C答案符合。
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文圍繞法律限制車(chē)內(nèi)青少年的人數(shù)這一論點(diǎn)展開(kāi)論證，通過(guò)對(duì)兩個(gè)研究的分析原因，論證了法律的可行性，科學(xué)性。該法律的最終結(jié)果就是為了保護(hù)高速路上的青少年。本文層次很鮮明，按議論文的寫(xiě)法，提出論點(diǎn)，分析舉例論證。集中考查推理題，對(duì)于考生在上下文中理解字里行間的能力要求較高。
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