Young children whose mothers talk with them more frequently and in more detail about people’s thoughts and feelings tend to be better at taking another person’s perspective（觀點）than other children of the same age.
That’s what researchers from the University of Western Australia found in a new study published in the journal Child Development.
“Parents who frequently put themselves in someone else’s shoes in conversations with their children make it more likely their children will be able to do the same,” said lead author Brad Farrant.
Researchers of the UWA’s Telethon Institute for Child Health Research looked at the influence of how parents interact with their children to learn more about how people develop the ability to take another’s perspective.
The two-year study involved more than 120 Australian children aged between four and six, including children with typically developing language and others delayed in language acquisition（習得）.
The children completed tasks which were designed to assess their language skills, ability to infer others’ beliefs and use these to predict others’ behavior, and their ability to shift flexibly between different perspectives.
Among children with typically developing language, the researchers found that mothers who talked more often and in greater detail about people’s thoughts and feelings — commenting on how another person might react to a particular situation as well as their own feelings about the topic — had children with better language skills and better perspective-taking skills.
Children with delayed language acquisition were also delayed in their development of perspective-taking skills. This displays the role played by language as children develop the ability to take another’s perspective.
“Solving the many challenges that the world faces today requires us all to get better at taking the perspective of other people,” said Brad Farrant.
小題1:According to the text, to help children gain better perspective-taking skills, parents should __________.
A．give their children more chances to express themselves
B．talk more with their children about people’s feelings
C．encourage their children to guess other people’s thoughts
D．spend more time playing with their children
小題2:Which of the following is TRUE about the study?
A．Over one hundred American children took part in it.
B．All the children had delayed in language acquisition.
C．The children in the study were around five years old.
D．Mothers helped their children to complete the tasks.
小題3:Which have an effect on the development of children’s perspective-taking skills?
A．The surrounding environments.
B．Mother’s perspectives.
C．Personal characters.
D．Language skills.
小題4:In the last paragraph, Brad Farrant __________.
A．stressed the importance of perspective-taking skills
B．expressed his concern about the world’s challenges
C．showed how to take the perspective of other people
D．explained why other people’s opinions are important
小題5:According to the text, we can learn __________.
A．parents should talk to their children frequently no matter how old their children are
B．it was Brad Farrant who wrote the study in Child Development herself
C．the only way to improve language skill is talking to children more often
D．parents who are always thinking about others will help their children do the same way

小題1:B
小題2:C
小題3:D
小題4:A
小題5:D
文章講述了父母多與孩子交流，會影響孩子長大以后的交流技能。
小題1:B 推理題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段the researchers found that mothers who talked more often and in greater detail about people’s thoughts and feelings — commenting on how another person might react to a particular situation as well as their own feelings about the topic — had children with better language skills and better perspective-taking skills可知B正確。
小題2:C 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第五段The two-year study involved more than 120 Australian children aged between four and six可知這個調(diào)查對象是五歲的兒童，故C正確。
小題3:D 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章尤其是最后兩段可知父母和孩子多交流影響的是孩子的交流技能，故D正確。
小題4:A細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Solving the many challenges that the world faces today requires us all to get better at taking the perspective of other people可知文章強調(diào)的是perspective-taking skills故A正確。
小題5:D 推理題。根據(jù)文章第三段Parents who frequently put themselves in someone else’s shoes in conversations with their children make it more likely their children will be able to do the same,”可知D正確。
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

To Whom It May Concern:
On March 5, 2012 , I bought a Perfect Muffin Kit from your store at Midfield Shopping Center. The cashier who assisted me was George. George was very friendly and told me that the Perfect Muffin Kit would live up to the guarantee on the box: “Perfect Muffins Every Time!”.
Unfortunately, this product did not live up to what it promised . The muffins I made were far from perfect . I followed the directions in the package very carefully . First , I removed the bag of mix from the box. Then , I poured it into a bowl. Next, I added the correct amount of water to the mix and stirred it. According to the directions, after stirring the mixture , I added half a cup of dried grapes, nuts , berries, or another favorite ingredient . My favorite ingredient happens to be hot sauce . I find that a bit of hot sauce makes pizza and soup taste very delicious. So, continuing to follow the directions, I added half a cup of hot sauce to the mix and stirred it. Finally, I poured the mix into muffin tins and baked it in the baker at 350 degrees for exactly 20 minutes.
When the muffins finished baking, I was very excited to eat the “Perfect Muffins” as promised on the box. You can imagine my disappointment when, upon tasting the muffins, I discovered that they were not perfect. These muffins were , in fact , absolutely terrible. Not even my dog was interested in eating these supposedly “perfect” muffins.
I would appreciate a full refund( money to be returned) of $3.99 for this product as soon as possible. Enclosed are the receipt, the empty box, and one of the un-perfect muffins so that you can experience it for yourself . Thank you for your attention to this matter.
Sincerely，
Michelle Bauer
小題1:This letter is most likely addressed to _______.
A．a(chǎn) local storeowner
B．the owner of the muffin mix company
C．the clerk at a local muffin bakery
D．George, the cashier who sold the muffin mix
小題2: The tone(語氣 ) of the author can best be described as ________.
A．embarrassedB．hopelessC．disappointedD．disgusted
小題3:The author was unhappy with the product because________.
A．the directions of the product contained a mistake
B．it was not up to the promise made on the box
C．it was too difficult to follow the directions
D．it was worth less money than she paid for it
小題4:The author’s main purpose in writing this letter is to ________.
A．prevent others from making the same mistake
B．persuade the company to change the wording on their box
C．get back all the money paid from the shop
D．complain about how bad the muffins tasted

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Microblogging is a broadcast medium in the form of blogging. A microblog differs from a traditional blog in that its content is typically much smaller, in both actual size and aggregate file size. Microblogs “allow users to exchange small elements of content such as short sentences, individual images, or video links”.
As with traditional blogging, microbloggers post about topics ranging from the simple, such as "what I'm doing right now," to the thematic(主題的), such as "sports cars.” Commercial microblogs also exist, to promote (促進) websites, services and/or products, and to promote collaboration within an organization.
Some microblogging services offer features such as privacy settings, which allow users to control who can read their microblogs, or other ways of publishing rights besides entering the web-based interface.(界面) These may include text messaging, instant messaging, E-mail, or digital audio.
The first microblogs were known as tumblelogs. The term was invented in a blog post on April 12, 2005. However, by 2006 and 2007, the term microblog came into greater usage for such services provided by Tumblr and Twitter. Other leading social networking websites Facebook, MySpace, LinkedIn, and XING also have their own microblogging features, better known as status updates.
Several studies, especially by Harvard Business School have tried to analyze the usage behavior of Microblogging services. Many of these studies show that for services such as Twitter, there is a small group of active users contributing to most of the activity.
Twitter, Facebook and other microblogging services are also becoming a platform for marketing and public relations, with a sharp growth in the number of social media marketers. The Sysomos study shows that this specific group of marketers on Twitter is much more active than general user population, with 15% following more than 2,000 people.
小題1:Why is a microblog different from a traditional blog?
A．Because a microblog doesn’t include pictures, but a traditional blog does.
B．Because a microblog doesn’t include videos, but a traditional blog does.
C．Because a microblog has smaller contents than a traditional blog in actual and total file size.
D．Because a microblog can only be written on the cell-phones.
小題2:What is the meaning of the underlined word “collaboration” in the second paragraph?
A．Competition.B．Discussion.C．Tradition.D．Cooperation
小題3:Microblogging can protect the following privacy EXCEPT_______.
A．deciding the readers of the microblogs
B．a(chǎn)llowing readers to publish their views
C．readers’ deleting what a microblog says
D．deciding whether readers can enter it
小題4:We can infer from the passage that______.
A．microbloggers always post about the thematic topics instead of the simple ones
B．microblogging has developed so quickly and brought the owners more and more benefits.
C．microblogging protects both the owners’ and the readers’ privacy
D．the studies by Harward Business School have analyzed the usage of microblogging services

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Every child has written their names on the beach at some point.
But whereas most people’s “handwriting” is washed away, one super-rich Arab sheikh(酋長) has ensure that his graffiti(胡寫亂畫) will last a little longer.
Hamad Bin Hamdan Al Nahyan, 63, has scrawled his name in sand on an island he owns with letters so big that they be seen from space.
The word “HAMAD” measures 1,000 meters high and is a staggering two miles long from the “H” to the “D” on the Al Futaisi Island.
And rather than allow the writing to be washed away by the ocean, the letters actually form waterways that absorb the encroaching(滲入) tide. The ruler’s name is even visible on Google’s map service.
Hamad dreamed up the idea and had his workmen work hard for weeks to craft the enormous piece of sand graffiti. It is not known how much it cost to make.
However, the sheikh boasts a personal fortune second to the Saudi king’s.
Hamad, also known as the “Rainbow Sheikh”, is a member of the Abu Dhabi Ruling Family.
He is understood to have some 200 cars including seven Mercedes 500 SELs painted in different colors of the rainbow which he stores in a giant pyramid.
The Arab sheikh had a taste for doing things on a large scale. He built the world’s largest truck—eight times the size of the Dodge Power Wagon, with four bedrooms inside the cabin.
Hamad constructed a motor home in the shape of a giant globe which is exactly 1 millionth the size of the actual earth.
Alongside his displays of wealth he has become a well-known philanthropist(慈善家) in medicine and supplied a complete Kinney stone operating theatre to a public hospital in Morocco where he continues to fund its stuff.
小題1:Which of the following in NOT true according to the passage?
A．Hamad is a man who wants himself to be well-known from apace.
B．Hamad is a super-rich person who always does something unusual.
C．Hamad is a man who is always so mean in his family
D．Hamad is a man who boasts his fortune is second to the Saudi king’s
小題2:In what way could Hamad make his handwriting last longer?
A. The word “HAMAD” measures 1,000 meters wide and high.
B The word “HAMAD” is a staggering two miles long from the “H” to the “D”.
C. The word “HAMAD” actually forms huge waterways that absorb the encroaching tide.
D. The word “HAMAD” cost his workmen a lot of hard work for several weeks.
小題3:Why does Hamad have his seven Mercedes-Benz500 SELs painted in different colors?
A．Perhaps he hoped his cars were stored in a giant pyramid safely.
B．In some ways he could make a very strange rainbow.
C．Maybe he just wanted to show off his wealth.
D．He is always interested in making his cars like these.
小題4:Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?
A．The Rainbow Sheikh’s name can be seen from space
B．The richest Arab sheikh’s name has made many funny things
C．A great person likes doing things on a large scale
D．A well-known philanthropist displays his wealth

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

This year some twenty-three hundred teen-agers (young people aged from 13-19) from all over the world will spend about ten months in U.S. homes . They will attend U. S. schools , meet U.S. teenagers , and form impressions of the real America . At the same time , about thirteen hundred American teenagers will go to other countries to learn new languages and gain a new understanding of the rest of the world .
Here is a two-way student exchange in action . Fred , nineteen ,spent last year in Gemany with George’s family . In turn , George’s son Mike spent a year in Fred’s home in America .
Fred , a lively young man , knew little German when he arrived , but after two months’ study , the language began to come to him . School was completely different from what he had expected-much harder . Students rose respectfully when the teacher entered the room . They took fourteen subjects instead of the six that are usual in the United States . There were almost no outside activities .
Family life , too , was different . The father’s word was law , and all activities were around the family rather than the individual. Fred found the food too simple at first . Also , he missed having a car .
“Back home ,you pick up some friends in a car and go out and have a good time . In Germany , you walk , but you soon learn to like it .”
At the same time , in America , Mike , a friendly German boy , was also forming his idea . “I suppose I should criticize American schools .” He says , “it is far too easy by our level . But I have to say that I like it very much . In Germany we do nothing but study . Here we take part in many outside activities . I think that maybe your schools are better in training for citizens . There ought to be some middle ground between the two .”
小題1:The whole exchange programme is mainly to         .
A．help teenagers in other countries know the real America
B．send students in America to travel in Germany
C．let students learn something about other countries
D．have teenagers learn new languages
小題2:Fred and Mike agreed that         .
A．American food tasted better than German food
B．German schools were harder than American schools
C．Americans and Germans were both friendly
D．there were more cars on the streets in America
小題3:What is particular in American school is that         .
A．there is some middle ground between the two teaching buildings
B．students usually take fourteen subjects in all
C．there are a lot of after-school activities
D．students go outside to enjoy themselves in a car
小題4:After experiencing the American school life , Mike thought         .
A．the easy life in the American schools was more helpful to the students .
B．German schools trained students to be better citizens .
C．American schools were not as good as German schools
D．a(chǎn) better education should include something good from both America and Germany

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

There are stories about two U．S . presidents，Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren，which attempt to explain the American English term OK．We don’t know if either story is true，but they are both interesting．
The first explanation is based on the fact that President Jackson had very little education．In fact，he had difficulty reading and writing．When important papers came to Jackson，he tried to read them and then had his assistants explain what they said．If he approved of a paper, he would write “all correct”on it．The problem was that he didn’t know how to spell．So what he really wrote was “ol korekt”．After a while，he shortened that term to “OK”．
The second explanation is based on the place where President Van Buren was born，Kinderhook，New York．Van Buren’s friends organized a club to help him become President .They called the club the Old Kinderhook Club，and anyone who supported Van Buren was called“OK”．
小題1:The author  __________.
A．believes both of the stories
B．doesn’t believe a word of the stories
C．is not sure whether the stories are true
D．is telling the stories just for fun
小題2:According to the passage，President Jackson_____________.    
A．couldn’t draw up any documents at all
B．didn’t like to read important papers by himself
C．often had his assistants sign documents for him
D．wasn’t good at reading，writing or spelling
小題3:According to the first story, the term “OK”_______________.  
A．was approved of by President Jackson
B．was the title of some Official documents
C．was first used by President Jackson
D．was an old way to spell “all correct’’
小題4:According to the second story，the term ‘‘OK”_____________.  
A．was the short way to say‘ ‘old Kinderhook Club”
B．meant the place where President Van Buren was born
C．was the name of Van Buren’s club
D．was used to call Van Buren’s supporters in the election
小題5:According to the second story, the term “OK” was first used ______________
A．by Van Buren
B．in a presidential election
C．to organize the Old Kinderhook Club
D．by the members of the ‘‘Old Kinderhook Club”

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

It takes less than six seconds to leave a first impression. It is said that we ought not judge a book by its cover, but come on, isn’t it the color, the design, the layout, and the title that draw us to pick up a book we’ve never heard of before? Notice what your assumptions are about a person when you are first introduced to her or him.
Something that most of us don’t take notice of is how we stand or walk. Let’s say you are going for a job interview. Within seconds you have already said a lot about yourself by the way you walk. The majority of us walk around everyday without paying any attention to what we are saying even though we are not uttering a word. There is a lot that can be said about body language from the clothes you wear to the gestures you make.
I took notice of this topic recently as I recalled something about changing my posture to improve my level of confidence. I was about to venture on a new project, which would take me out of my comfort zone. My gremlins (小精靈) were having a field day with me uttering all kinds of reasons why I couldn’t do a good job with this new opportunity. I tucked in my tummy (收縮肚子) , put my shoulders back , held my head high , and took a walk. Soon thereafter, I felt so much better. I approached the project with new possibility. Wow, what a difference ! Try it !
The ability to capture your audience when you walk into a room is sure to start you off on the right foot when going on an interview. Non-verbal signals have five times the impact of verbal (言語的)signals. So you can count on losing your audience when you walk in with head down dragging your feet regardless how much you try to change it.
小題1:In the first paragraph the author intends to tell us         .
A．we shouldn’t judge a book by its cover
B．a(chǎn) person’s appearance can be misread
C．the first impression really means a lot
D．we should focus more on a person’s qualities
小題2:The author approached his project with new possibility after        .
A．his gremlins stopped talking
B．he got rid of all his negative thoughts
C．he walked out of his comfort zone
D．he changed his posture to improve his confidence
小題3:According to the author , when we go for a job interview , we       .
A．shouldn’t say a lot about ourselves
B．shouldn’t walk with our head high up
C．should pay enough attention to our body language and gesture
D．should only pay attention to the way we walk within the first few seconds
小題4:The author probably believes that        .
A．non-verbal signals are more important than verbal signals
B．non-verbal signals are not so easy to catch
C．we mainly rely on verbal signals during an interview
D．we shouldn’t pay too much attention to our non-verbal signals
小題5:What is mainly talked about in the passage?
A．How to prepare for a job interview
B．The way we walk says a lot about us.
C．How to read a person from the way he walks.
D．How complicated body language is.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

As soon as you meet, or even see, a person, you form an impression of him based on his posture, gesture and facial expressions. This is why it is important to make a good first impression on the person who will be interviewing you. Within the first 60 seconds of meeting you, the interviewer will have formed an impression about what type of person you are and what kind of employee you would become, and 55% of this will be based only on your body language. Here are some tips to make you that impression a good one.
First of all, relax. Think positive thoughts and you are more likely to come across as a positive, confident person during the interview. Dress smartly, as your appearance is one of the first things an interviewer will notice you. Stand up straight, and walk in with your shoulders back and your head up. Try to avoid slowing down as you walk into the room because this suggests fear and uncertainty. Shake hands with the interviewer firmly. You should have a positive handshake and a warm smile. Open your coat or jacket as you sit down shows that you, too, are open.
Posture is important. You should be sitting well back in your seat. Sit up straight and lean forward slightly, but not too much. Sitting at too much of an angel expresses discomfort and distrust. Two of the most common defensive(防衛(wèi)的) signals are crossing your arms and legs, so try to avoid them.
Another important issue is eye contact. Looking someone in the eye shows confidence in yourself and trust in the other person. However, don’t overdo it, as too much eye contact or starring will make the other person uncomfortable. Use more eye contact when listening than when talking, and when you look away, look down. Looking up at the ceiling will make you seem bored and rude.
小題1:The purpose of the first impression is to tell readers __________.
A．what a good first impression is
B．how to make a good first impression
C．how long it takes to make a first impression
D．the importance of making a good first impression
小題2:Which of the following does the author advise you to do when you are being interviewed?
A．Cross your arms or legs
B．Open your coat or jacket when sitting down
C．Go into the room more slowly than usual
D．Avoid looking at the eyes of the interviewer directly
小題3:If you lean forward too much, it means __________.
A．you are very bored
B．you are too nervous
C．you don’t have confidence
D．you don’t trust others
小題4: What is the best title for the passage?
A．How to use body language to win an interview
B．How to answer questions in an interview
C．How to understand body language
D．How to deal with an interviewer

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

How should one invest a sum of money in inflation (通貨膨脹)? Left in a bank it will hardly keep its value, however high the interest rate. Only a brave man, or a very rich one, dares to buy and sell on the Stock Market. Today it seems that one of the best ways to protect your savings, and even increase your wealth is to buy beautiful objects from the past. Here I am going to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks, which I personally consider are among the most interesting of antiques.
I sometimes wonder what a being from another planet might report back about our way of life. "The planet Earth is ruled by a mysterious creature that sits or stands in a room and makes a strange ticking sound. It has a face with twelve black marks and two hands. Men can do nothing without its permission, and it fastens its young round people's wrists so that everywhere men go they are still under its control. This creature is the real master of Earth and men are its slaves."
Whether or not we are slaves of time today depends on our culture and personality, but it is believed that many years ago kings kept special slaves to tell the time. Certain men were very clever at measuring the time according to the beating of their own hearts. They were made to stand in a fixed place and every hour or so would shout time. So it seems that the first clocks were human beings.
However, men quickly found more convenient and reliable ways of telling the time. They learned to use the shadows cast by the sun. They marked the hours on candles, used sand in hour- glasses, and invented water-clocks. Indeed, any serious student of antique should spend as much time as possible visiting palaces, stately homes and museums to see some of the finest examples of clocks from the past.
Antique clocks could be very expensive, but one of the joys of collecting clocks is that it is still possible to find quite cheap ones for your own home. After all, if you are going to be ruled by time, why not invest in an antique clock and perhaps make a future profit?
小題1:According to the passage, collecting antique clocks ________.
A．can hardly keep the value of your savings
B．will cost much of your savings
C．may increase your wealth
D．needs your bravery
小題2:By quoting (引用) the remark of a being from another planet, the author intends to ________.
A．suggest human beings are controlled by a clock
B．describe why clocks can rule the planet Earth
C．tell readers what clocks look like
D．compare clocks to human beings
小題3:Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to measure the time?
A．Counting the beating of one's own heart.
B．Making use of candles, sand and water.
C．Observing shadows cast by the sun.
D．Keeping slaves busy day and night.
小題4:The purpose of the passage is ________.
A．to introduce the culture of antique clocks
B．to offer some advice on collecting antique clocks
C．to compare different ways to make a future profit
D．to explain convenient and reliable ways of telling time

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