Are some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence (智力) developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. In some degree, our intelligence is given to us at birth, and no education can make a genius (天才) out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich environment. Therefore, the limits of person’s intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This point of view, now is held by most experts.
It is easy to show that intelligence is something that we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be intelligence. If we take two strangers by chance from the population, it seems that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we compare two twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth.
Imagine now that we take two twins and put them in different environments. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory separately where the work is boring. We would soon find differences in intelligence developing, and this shows that environment as well as birth plays an important role. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact (接觸) with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.
小題1:How is man’s intelligence given?
A．At birthB．Through education
C．Both at birth and through educationD．Neither at birth nor through education
小題2:What does the underlined word mean in the first paragraph?
A．穩(wěn)固B．確定C．修理D．安排
小題3:According the passage, if a child is born with low intelligence, what might happen to him later?
A．Become a genius.
B．Still become a genius if he should be given special education.
C．Reach his intelligence limits in rich environment.
D．Never reach his intelligence in his life.
小題4:What can we learn from the example of the twins going to a university and to a factory?
A．The importance of their intelligence.
B．The role of environment on intelligence.
C．The importance of their jobs
D．The part that birth plays
小題5:What statement is TRUE according to the passage?
A．No education can help make a genius.
B．Personality is important as intelligence which was given to people at birth.
C．People who have similar degree of intelligence must be relatives.
D．Environment influences people in intelligence developing.

小題1:C
小題2:B
小題3:C
小題4:B
小題5:D
本文主要講述的是壞境和出生對智力起著重要的作用。
小題1:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段二三兩行可知。
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上下文語境可知。
小題3:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知。
小題4:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知。
小題5:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。
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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Carbon monoxide poisoning (一氧化碳中毒) causes death and injuries around the world. This gas is a problem in all parts of the world that experience cold weather. A few years ago, America’s Centers for Disease Control (C. D. C.) studied deaths linked (聯(lián)系) with carbon monoxide poisoning. It found that the number of carbon monoxide deaths in the United States was greatest in January. The C.D.C. also found that carbon monoxide kills more than four hundred Americans each year. And, it said more than twenty thousand people are taken to hospital for treatment of health problems linked with the gas.
Carbon monoxide is called the silent killer because people do not know it is in the air. The gas has no color, no taste and no smell. It does not cause burning eyes. And it does not cause people to cough. Yet, carbon monoxide gas is very deadly (致命的). It steals the body’s ability to use oxygen.
Carbon monoxide makes it difficult for the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues (血管). It does this by linking with the blood. When the gas links with the blood, the blood is no longer able to carry oxygen to the tissues that need it. Damage (損害) to the body can begin very quickly from large amounts (數(shù)量) of carbon monoxide.
How quickly this can happen depend on how long a person is breathing the gas and how much gas he or she breathes in.
Carbon monoxide poisoning has warning signs(標(biāo)志). But people have to be awake to realize them. Small amounts of the gas will cause a person’s head to hurt. He or she may begin to feel tired. Their stomachs may feel sick. The room may appear to be turning around. The person may have trouble thinking clearly.
People develop serious headache as the amount of the gas continues to enter their blood. They will begin to feel very tired and sleepy. They may have terrible stomachache.
Doctors say carbon monoxide influences people differently. For example a small child will experience health problems or die much sooner than an adult. The general health of the person or his or her age can also be important.
小題1:The damage of carbon monoxide to the body has something to do with _____.
A．the amount a person breathes in
B．whether a person is healthy
C．how many signs a person finds
D．a(chǎn)ges of people
小題2:One of the signs of carbon monoxide poisoning is _____.
A．burning eyesB．bad cough
C．serious headacheD．high fever
小題3:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Carbon monoxide poisoning seldom happens in cold areas.
B．Twenty thousand Americans are killed by carbon monoxide each year.
C．Most people know whether there is carbon monoxide in the air.
D．Carbon monoxide stops the blood from carrying oxygen to body tissues.
小題4:What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．Warning signs that carbon monoxide poisoning has.
B．Reasons why carbon monoxide can cause person’s death.
C．The damage of carbon monoxide and how it works.
D．Influences of carbon monoxide on children and adults.

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容判斷正誤，正確的在括號里填A(yù)， 錯(cuò)誤的在括號里填B。
School bus safety starts with you, every morning and every afternoon. Take a few minutes to make sure your kids understand the rules of the road.
Most school bus accidents happen when children are outside the bus, and three quarters of these children are under the age of nine.
Make sure your children know these rules:
● Be on time.
● Never run to or from the bus.
● Stand away from the side of the road.
● Don’t push.
● Stay in your seat.
● Don’t shout.
● Always obey the driver.
● Wait for the driver’s signal before crossing.
● Always cross at least 10 feet in front of the bus.
● Never crawl（爬行）under a school bus.
Make sure that an adult is present at the bus stop every day, especially with children under the age of nine.
小題1:Most of the bus accidents happen to the children over nine.
小題2:When the children are old enough, parents don’t have to go with them.
小題3:We can cross if the bus driver wants us to go.
小題4:Most of the bus accidents happen inside the bus.
小題5:It is important for us to obey the road rules.

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解


I can’t remember when I started collecting litter（垃圾）. But it was when I got tired of seeing litter near my home and realized that no one else was going to pick it up.
I live close to a forest in Ohio, America. I can walk there in three minutes! I used to love going there to play with my dog. But one day there was so much litter there that I became very unhappy. I decided to clean up the forest. I wanted to feel happy going there again.
I made my first trip to clean the forest that afternoon. I took a big black rubbish bag with me. Ten minutes after starting to pick up litter, my bag was full! It had cans, bottles, broken glass and newspapers in it.
Since that first trip three years ago, I’ve gone to the forest four times a year to pick up litter. I’m often there for three hours. It makes me feel great to do something for the environment.
After each trip, I look at all the litter I’ve found. If any of it is recyclable（可回收的）, I keep it. I can’t understand why people drop litter. But I will keep picking it up until they stop dropping it.
I know I can only do a small bit to help the earth, but I still think it is important.
小題1:．When did the writer begin to collect litter?
A．When he was very young.        
B．After his home moved to a new place.
C．When he realized no one else was going to pick it up.
小題2:．Where does the writer live?
A．He lives in a forest.
B．He lives near a forest.
C．He lives in a place with much litter.
小題3:．The writer collects litter       .
A．in order to make money          
B．in order to get a prize
C．in order to make the place clean
小題4:Where does the writer collect litter?
A．In the forest.           B．In the street.           C．In the park.
小題5:From the passage we infer（推斷）     .
A．the writer will go on with collecting litter 
B．the writer always collects a lot of litter
C．the writer thinks he does a great thing

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Air is all round us．It is around us___31____we walk and play．From the time we are born，air is around us on every side．When we sit down，it is around us．When we go to bed．a(chǎn)ir is  32 around us．We live  33 air．
All living things  34 air．Living things cannot live  35  air．We can live without any water for  36 days，but we cannot live for more   37 a few minutes without air．When we are working  38 running，we need more air．When we are asleep，we need less air
We live in air but we cannot see it．We can only feel it．We can feel it when it is  39 ．  Moving air  40 wind．  
小題1:
A．ifB．becauseC．whenD．what
小題2:
A．tooB．a(chǎn)lsoC．eitherD．yet
小題3:
A．withB．byC．inD．a(chǎn)round
小題4:
A．needB．hopeC．wantD．1ike
小題5:A．have      B．have no    C，with       D．without
小題6:
A．littleB．a(chǎn) IittleC．fewD．a(chǎn) few
小題7:
A．a(chǎn)boutB．overC．thanD．then
小題8:
A．orB．a(chǎn)ndC．soD．but
小題9:
A．movingB．standingC．stoppingD．sleeping
小題10:
A．is 1ikeB．1ikesC．callsD．is called

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解



The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication. Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems. One of the biggest problems is pollution.
To pollute means to make things unfit or unclean to use. Pollution comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even eat it. Pollution is beginning to threaten (威脅) our health, our happiness and our life.
Man has been polluting the earth from the time he first made fire, washed his clothes in the river and threw his waste on the ground. When land was used up or water became dirty, men moved on to another place. At first, the problem was not so serious because there was plenty of clean air, land and water. There weren’t so many people then and their wants fewer. All the dirty things could be absorbed(吸收) by nature and soon covered over. But this is no longer true. The increase of pollution and the development of industry(工業(yè)) have changed that. Man is slowly poisoning(毒害)not only his environment but also himself.
Through the use of poison, man has polluted the land, killing the animals. By putting dirty water and chemicals into rivers and lakes we have polluted our drinking water, killing the fish.
Our increasing population is part of the problem. More people, more waste.
Where is this all to end? Are we turning the world into a big rubbish dump(堆存處)，or is there any hope that we can get rid of (擺脫，除去) the pollution? Luckily, millions of people have been warned of the danger of pollution. Large numbers of people are now working hard to bring pollution under control.
The earth is our home. We must take care of it. This means keeping the land, air and water clean. And we must take care of the rise in pollution at the same time.
小題1:Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．We live on the earth, so we should look after it.
B．Man is fighting against different kinds of pollution.
C．To pollute means to make air, water and land unfit for use.
D．All the waste produced by modern industry can be absorbed.
小題2:In Paragraph4, the underlined word “chemicals” mean ____________.
A．化學(xué)物質(zhì)B．醫(yī)療器械C．污染源D．塑料制品
小題3:Through the uncontrolled use of poison man has___________.
A．made the drinking water dirtyB．polluted the land
C．killed the animals D．a(chǎn)ll of the above
小題4:From the sentences “More people, more waste.” We know that ___________
A．we need more people, not more waste
B．the increase of population caused more waste.
C．there isn’t any hope that we can get rid of the pollution
D．More people have been warned of the danger of more waste.
小題5:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Man begins to understand the pollution.
B．Man doesn’t know how to control pollution.
C．Man is doing something to control pollution.
D．Man still doesn’t realize how serious pollution is.

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

People are busy working every day, so they do not have enough time to do exercises. As a result, many people become too fat or too thin. To keep our bodies healthy, we have to do exercises every day.
There are many kinds of exercises. Bending (彎腰) and stretching (伸展) helps us move easily. Before we play ball games or swim, it is better for us to do bending and stretching exercises first. This kind of exercise is sometimes called warm-up exercise. Running is also a good exercise. If we cannot run fast, we can Jog. Jogging means running slowly. Again, before we run or jog, we must do warm-up exercises. Also, we should not run or jog in busy streets. The air there is often dirty. Some people like weight lifting (舉重)because it can make their bodies strong. Also, we need to do some warm-up exercises before weight lifting.
How to do ____1_____.
Why do people need to do exercises?
People are busy _2_____ every day.                     Many people are too fat or too __3____.            Doing exercises every day can keep us __4_____.             
Different ____5___ of exercises.
Bending and stretching helps us _6_____ easily, sometimes we call it ____7_____ exercise;           ___8____ is a good exercise , too;                  We can ____9__ if we can’t run fast;              Weight lifting can make our bodies _____10___.

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Is your schoolbag too heavy? The e-schoolbag will help you. It is said that e-schoolbags are going to be brought into   43  in Chinese middle schools soon.
Heavy schoolbags have been a serious   44  for a long time. But the e-schoolbag will  45 . An e-schoolbag is  46  lighter than a usual schoolbag. Perhaps, the e-schoolbag should be   47  an e-textbook. It is a small computer for students. It is as   48  as a usual book,   49  it can still have all the things for study, such as textbooks, exercise books and so on which can be made   50  chips(芯片) like stamps. The students can read the text page by page on the screen, take notes, or even send e-mails to their teachers. They only need to   51  the right chip into the e-schoolbag. Then they can use it.
Some people say   52  e-textbooks can be easily broken, while others say it is not good for eyes. But only time will tell.
小題1:
A．useB．usefulC．usedD．to use
小題2:
A．ideaB．problemC．questionD．thought
小題3:
A．work it outB．work out itC．work outD．work them out
小題4:
A．veryB．muchC．tooD．so
小題5:
A．callB．callsC．calledD．calling
小題6:
A．smallB．smallerC．smallestD．most small
小題7:
A．a(chǎn)ndB．a(chǎn)sC．orD．but
小題8:
A．intoB．fromC．upD．of
小題9:
A．bringB．getC．takeD．put
小題10:
A．ifB．whatC．thatD．which

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科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

About 70，000，000 Americans are trying to lose weight．This is almost one out of every three people in the United States．Some people eat  1  food and they hardly have any fats or sweets. Others do running exercise with machines，take medicines，or even have operations.2 you can see losing weight is  3  work，and it will also cost a lot of money．But  4 do so many people in the United States want to lose weight?
Many people in the United States worry about their look of the body．For many people，looking nice also means to be  5 ．Other people worry about their health as many doctors 6  overweight is not good．
Most people want to find a faster and  7  way to take off fat，and books of this kind are very popular．These books tell people how to lose weight．Each year a lot of new books like these are  8  ．Each one says it can easily help people take fat away．
Losing weight can be expensive．Some overweight people go to health centers，like La Costa in California．Men and women 9 several hundred dollars a day at these health centers．People live there for one week or two，taking exercise，eating different foods．Meals there may be just a little．All this works for losing weight． 10 4 days on the program，one woman called Mrs. Warren lost 5 pounds(2.27kg)．At 400 dollars a day, she spent 320dollars to lose each pound．But she said she was still glad to do so．
Health centers，books，medicines，operations，running and exercise machines all get a lot of money．So in the United States，losing Weight may mean losing money too。
小題1:
A．1essB．moreC．niceD．fast
小題2:
A．ForB．SoC．OrD．And
小題3:
A．goodB．usefulC．hardD．easy
小題4:
A．whyB．whatC．howD．when
小題5:
A．highB．shortC．thinD．fat
小題6:
A．talkB．sayC．speakD．tell
小題7:
A．dearerB．harderC．shorterD．easier
小題8:
A．takenB．givenC．writtenD．copied
小題9:
A．payB．costC．takeD．have
小題10:
A．BeforeB．UntilC．AfterD．At

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