Question

When former American President Bill Clinton traveled to South Korea to visit President Kim Young Sam, he repeatedly referred to the Korean president’s wife as Mrs. Kim. By mistake, President Clinton’s advisers thought that Koreans have the same naming customs as the Japanese. Clinton had not been told that, in Korea, wives keep their family names. President Kim Young Sam’s wife was named Sohm Myong Suk. Therefore, she should be addressed (稱(chēng)謂) as Mrs. Sohm.

President Clinton arrived in Korea directly after leaving Japan and had not changed his culture gears. His failure to follow Korean customs gave the impression that Korea was not as important to him as Japan.

In addition to Koreans some Asian husbands and wives do not share the same family names. This practice often puzzles English-speaking teachers when talking with a pupil’s parents. They become puzzled about the student’s correct last name. Placing the family name first is common among a number of Asian cultures.

Mexican naming customs are different as well. When a woman marries, she keeps her family name and adds her husband’s name after the word “de”, which means “of”. This affects how they fill in forms in the United States. When requested to fill in a middle name, they generally write the father’s family name. But Mexicans are addressed by the family name of the mother. This often causes puzzlement.

Here are a few ways to deal with such difficult situations: don’t always think that a married woman uses her husband’s last name. Remember that in many Asian cultures, the order of first and last names is reversed (顛倒). Ask which name a person would prefer to use. If the name is difficult to pronounce, admit it, and ask the person to help you say it correctly.

1.The story of Bill Clinton is used to _____ .

A．improve US Korean relations

B．introduce the topic of the text

C．describe his visit to Korea

D．tell us how to address a person

2.The word “gears” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.

A．a(chǎn)ction plans        B．naming customs     C．travel maps        D．thinking patterns

3.When a woman marries in Korea, she _____.

A．continues to use her family name

B．uses her husband’s given name

C．shares her husband’s family name

D．a(chǎn)dds her husband’s given name to hers

4.To address a married woman properly, you’d better ______ .

A．use her middle name                    B．use her husband’s first name

C．a(chǎn)sk her which name she likes              D．change the order of her names

5.What can NOT be inferred from the text? ______ .

A．Wives do not keep their family names in Japan.

B．Different countries have different naming customs in some way.

C．Naming custom will not cause any puzzle among Asian countries.

D．The naming custom in Korea is different from that of Japan.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.B

2.D

3.A

4.C

5.C

【解析】

試題分析：本文介紹了亞洲女性在結(jié)婚以后并沒(méi)有像西方女性一樣改變自己的姓，這讓西方人感到很困惑，文章中還提及了其它的一些例子。

1.B 推理題。在文章第一段中用克林頓總統(tǒng)所犯的這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤來(lái)引起本文所要討論的關(guān)于已婚女性的姓的話題。這個(gè)例子只是起介紹引導(dǎo)的作用，故B正確。

2.D 推理題。根據(jù)President Clinton arrived in Korea directly after leaving Japan and had not changed his culture gears.字面意思為：克林頓總統(tǒng)離開(kāi)日本直接去了韓國(guó)，還沒(méi)有改變他的文化思維方式，仍然把日本的文化思維帶到了韓國(guó)。故該詞應(yīng)該是指思維方式，故D項(xiàng)正確。

3.A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段第三行in Korea, wives keep their family names.說(shuō)明在韓國(guó)女性結(jié)婚以后仍然保留自己的姓，故A正確。

4.C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后2行Ask which name a person would prefer to use. If the name is difficult to pronounce, admit it, and ask the person to help you say it correctly說(shuō)明要想適當(dāng)?shù)胤Q(chēng)呼別人，就請(qǐng)直接問(wèn)對(duì)方，故C正確。

5.C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段1,2行  In addition to Koreans some Asian husbands and wives do not share the same family names. This practice often puzzles English-speaking teachers when talking with a pupil’s parents.說(shuō)明亞洲人的稱(chēng)呼方式會(huì)讓歐洲人感到很困惑，故C項(xiàng)說(shuō)法是錯(cuò)誤的，符合本題的要求。

考點(diǎn)：考查文化類(lèi)短文閱讀

點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文介紹了東西方在女性結(jié)婚以后在姓方面的不同的方式。文章基本上是考查細(xì)節(jié)題，對(duì)此類(lèi)題型考生可以首先從問(wèn)題中找到關(guān)鍵詞，然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及查閱的技巧在文中迅速尋找這一細(xì)節(jié)，找到后再把這一部分內(nèi)容仔細(xì)閱讀一遍，仔細(xì)比較所給選項(xiàng)與文中細(xì)節(jié)的細(xì)微區(qū)別，在準(zhǔn)確理解細(xì)節(jié)的前提下，最后確定最佳答案。