As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating(發(fā)電)and transmission (輸送) system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.
The 19 th century saw land grants(政府撥地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the West, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns, which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.
Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.
So trade-offs will have to be made. Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. Some species(物種) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.
The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter. The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways.
The money set aside in negotiated trade-offs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So let’s remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.
【小題1】What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?

A．Small towns along the railways became abandoned.
B．Land in the West was hard to manage.
C．Some railroad stops remained underused.
D．Land grants went into private hands.
【小題2】What is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs?
A．The use of money and power.
B．The transmission of power.
C．The conservation of solar energy.
D．The selection of an ideal place.
【小題3】What is the author’s attitude towards building solar plants?
A．Disapproving.B．Approving.C．Doubtful.D．Cautious.
【小題4】Which is the best title for the passage?
A．How the Railways Have Affected the West
B．How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be Reduced
C．How Solar Energy Could Reshape the West
D．How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled


【小題1】B
【小題2】A
【小題3】D
【小題4】C

解析試題分析：主要講述的就是新型的太陽(yáng)能裝置是否能重新塑造出西部的新的發(fā)展，人們對(duì)于新型的能源很渴望，但是也有很多的擔(dān)心。
【小題1】B 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段3,4,5行In much of the West, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management.說(shuō)明西部的土地難以管理是重要的原因，故B正確。
【小題2】A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind,說(shuō)明人們很擔(dān)心錢(qián)沒(méi)有被正確第使用，而是被浪費(fèi)掉了，故A正確。
【小題3】D 推理題。根據(jù)文章最后兩段可知，雖然這樣做有很多的好處，但是人們?nèi)匀粨?dān)心投資的錢(qián)和精力會(huì)不會(huì)被浪費(fèi)掉，所以態(tài)度很謹(jǐn)慎。故D項(xiàng)正確。
【小題4】C 主旨大意題。本題主要講述的就是新型的太陽(yáng)能裝置是否能重新塑造出西部的新的發(fā)展，人們對(duì)于新型的能源很渴望，但是也有很多的擔(dān)心。故C項(xiàng)符合文章要求。
考點(diǎn)：考查經(jīng)濟(jì)類短文閱讀
點(diǎn)評(píng)：經(jīng)濟(jì)類短文是考生的難度，此類文章的最大的障礙是詞匯以及考生對(duì)閱讀內(nèi)容的不熟悉，需要考生在閱讀的時(shí)候有足夠的耐心。要養(yǎng)成在上下文串聯(lián)中猜測(cè)詞義的能力，根據(jù)上下文中出現(xiàn)的同義詞，近義詞，反義詞，以及詞義的解釋來(lái)理解生詞。同時(shí)要抓住文章的中心，不要受其他信息的影響。要根據(jù)題目及選項(xiàng)以及文章的上下文串聯(lián)合理的判斷推理。

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