Once again, science supports what your grandmother told you: A good night's sleep helps your body fight a cold.

People who averaged fewer than seven hours of sleep per   1   in the weeks before being exposed to the cold virus were nearly three times   2   likely to get sick as those who   3   eight hours or more, a new study found.

Researchers used frequent telephone   4   to track the sleep   5   of more than 150 men and women aged 21 to 55 over the course of a few weeks. Then they   6   the subjects to the virus, quarantined them for five days and kept   7   of who got sick.

  8   sleeping more, sleeping better also seemed to   9   the body fight illness: Patients who fared better on a measure   10   as 'sleep efficiency' - the percentage of time in bed that you're actually sleeping - were also   11   likely to get sick.

The results held   12   even after researchers   13   for variables such as body-mass index, age, sex, smoking and pre-existing antibodies to the   14   .

  15   your grandmother, the researchers aren't exactly sure   16   sleeping better makes you less likely to   17   a cold. But they   18    take a stab at the answer: 'Sleep disturbance influences the regulation of proinflammatory cytokines（促炎細(xì)胞因子）, histamines, and other symptom mediators that are released in response to infection.' In plain English, maybe tossing and turning when you're   19   with the cold virus   20   to the symptoms that define a cold.

The researchers were based at Carnegie Mellon, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Virginia, and the study was funded by the National Institutes of Health.

(   ) 1. A. day             B. night               C. week                      D. month

(   ) 2. A. more          B. as                    C. less                         D. same

(   ) 3. A. occurred     B. worked             C. averaged                  D. longed

(   ) 4. A. interviews   B. reports             C. announcements        D. demands

(   ) 5. A. hobbies       B. quality             C. progress                  D. habits

(   ) 6. A. exposed      B. placed              C. protected                 D. prayed

(   ) 7. A. touch          B. check                      C. track                      D. reward

(   ) 8. A. Except               B. Besides             C. Within                     D. Through

(   ) 9. A. benefit               B. guard                C. help                             D. assist

(   ) 10. A. known      B. acted               C. appointed               D. classified

(   ) 11. A. more        B. less                  C. far                          D. totally

(   ) 12. A. ideal        B. false               C. actual                          D. true

(   ) 13. A. adopted     B. adjusted            C. enlarged                  D. employed

(   ) 14. A. bodies       B. cells                 C. virus                      D. medicines

(   ) 15. A. Like          B. As                    C. Against                    D. By

(   ) 16. A. What               B. When                   C. Where                     D. Why

(   ) 17. A. develop     B. form               C. fight                      D. prevent

(   ) 18. A. did           B. often               C. do                           D. never

(   ) 19. A. infected     B. surrounded       C. limited                    D. attached

(   ) 20. A. pulls        B. promotes          C. speeds                     D. contributes

1--20    BBCAD   ACBCA   BDBCA   DACAD  


解析:

本文說明了一項(xiàng)科學(xué)調(diào)查又一次證實(shí)了老祖母?jìng)兊恼f法：一夜好睡眠，感冒擋在門外面。完成本完形填空時(shí)，我們應(yīng)把生活中睡眠和抵抗感冒的實(shí)際和作者的思路邏輯聯(lián)系起來。

1. B檢測(cè)名詞的含義辨析及在語言邏輯方面的準(zhǔn)確應(yīng)用。聯(lián)系日常生活中的常識(shí)，經(jīng)過分析，語意是：那些平均每晚睡七個(gè)小時(shí)還少的人比平均每晚睡八個(gè)小時(shí)還多的人在面臨感冒病毒時(shí)多將近兩倍的可能患上感冒。我們?nèi)菀淄评沓龃丝諔?yīng)該填上表示晚上之意的名詞，也即是B項(xiàng)，而其余ABD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：白天，一周，一月，這些意思都不符合此處的上下文之間語言邏輯，故B項(xiàng)為準(zhǔn)確答案。

2. B檢測(cè)介詞詞組的含義的準(zhǔn)確記憶與理解。由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示和…..一樣之意的介詞和下一個(gè)as一起構(gòu)成固定短語as……as……，很明顯其余ACD項(xiàng)無法這樣，故B項(xiàng)為準(zhǔn)確答案。

3. C 考查動(dòng)詞的含義辨析及在語言邏輯方面的準(zhǔn)確應(yīng)用。由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示平均之意的名詞動(dòng)，這四個(gè)詞中只有C項(xiàng)有這樣的意思。而其余ABD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：發(fā)生，工作，盼望，很顯然，這些意思在這兒都不符合此處的上下文之間語言邏輯，故B項(xiàng)為準(zhǔn)確答案。

4. A檢測(cè)名詞的含義辨析及在語言邏輯方面的準(zhǔn)確應(yīng)用。我們?nèi)菀淄评沓鲞@一句的語境是：研究人員通過經(jīng)常性的電話訪問跟蹤了150多名21-55歲年齡段的人（有男有女）幾周內(nèi)的睡眠習(xí)慣�？闯龃颂帒�(yīng)該填上表示采訪之意的名詞，BCD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：報(bào)告，通知，要求，這些詞語所表示的意思都和這兒的語言邏輯不相契合，只有A項(xiàng)有這樣的意思，故A項(xiàng)最佳。

5. D 檢測(cè)形容詞的含義的準(zhǔn)確記憶與理解。由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示習(xí)慣之意的名詞，這四個(gè)詞中只有D項(xiàng)有這樣的意思，而其余ABC項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：嗜好，質(zhì)量，進(jìn)步，這些意思在這兒都不符合此處的上下文之間語言邏輯，故D項(xiàng)為準(zhǔn)確答案。

6. A 檢測(cè)動(dòng)詞的含義的準(zhǔn)確記憶與理解。聯(lián)系上下文的語境，經(jīng)過分析，語意是：。然后讓這些研究對(duì)象接觸感冒病毒，隔離5天之后，看看哪些人患上了感冒。這里的接觸就是讓他們暴露于的意思，這四個(gè)詞中只有A項(xiàng)有這樣的意思，而其余BCD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：放置，保護(hù)，懇求，這些意思都不符合此處的上下文之間語言邏輯，故A項(xiàng)為準(zhǔn)確答案。

7. C 檢測(cè)名詞的含義辨析。由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該和keep一起構(gòu)成短語表示看看，也就是跟蹤之意，這四個(gè)詞中只有C項(xiàng)有這樣的用法，而其余ABD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：聯(lián)系，核對(duì)，報(bào)答，這些意思和keep搭配之后的意思都不符合此處的上下文之間語言邏輯，故C項(xiàng)為準(zhǔn)確答案。

8. B檢測(cè)介詞的含義辨析及在語言邏輯方面的準(zhǔn)確應(yīng)用。聯(lián)系上下文的語境，及日常生活中的常識(shí)，我們?nèi)菀淄评沓鲞@一句的語境是：除延長(zhǎng)睡眠時(shí)間外，提高睡眠質(zhì)量看起來也有助于人體抵抗疾病。我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示除了…..之外還有…..之意的介詞，ACD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：除掉，在……之內(nèi)，通過，這些意思很明顯都不符合此處的上下文之間語言邏輯，故B項(xiàng)為準(zhǔn)確答案。

9. C 考查動(dòng)詞的含義辨析及在語言邏輯方面的準(zhǔn)確應(yīng)用。由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示有助于之意的動(dòng)詞，也即是C項(xiàng)，而其余ABD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：使……受益（其后不能跟復(fù)合賓語即是不能用作benefit sb./sth. do sth.），保衛(wèi)（其后往往跟sb./sth.from/against sth.），幫助（其后也不能跟復(fù)合賓語即是不能用作assist sb./sth. do sth.），故C項(xiàng)最佳。

10. A考查動(dòng)詞過去分詞的含義辨析及在語言邏輯方面的準(zhǔn)確應(yīng)用。我們?nèi)菀淄评沓鲞@一句的語境是：那些在人們所知的名叫“睡眠效率”評(píng)測(cè)中表現(xiàn)較好的病人患病的幾率也較低。我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示人們所知的之意的詞，這四個(gè)詞中只有A項(xiàng)有這樣的意思，而其余BCD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：扮演，指定，分類，雖然都和as搭配，但是這些意思很明顯都不符合此處的上下文之間語言邏輯，故A項(xiàng)為準(zhǔn)確答案。

11. B 檢測(cè)形容詞比較級(jí)的含義的準(zhǔn)確記憶與理解。由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示較小的之意的形容詞比較級(jí)，也即是B項(xiàng)，而其余ACD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：較多的，遠(yuǎn)的，總共的，非常顯然，這些意思在這兒都不符合此處的上下文之間語言邏輯和語境語意，故B項(xiàng)為準(zhǔn)確答案。

12. D檢測(cè)形容詞的含義的準(zhǔn)確記憶與理解。經(jīng)過分析，語意是：即便是在研究人員將身高體重指數(shù)(BMI)、年齡、性別、是否吸煙以及是否早有病毒抗體等因素考慮進(jìn)來進(jìn)行調(diào)整之后，這個(gè)結(jié)論仍然真實(shí)可靠。我們?nèi)菀淄评沓鲞@一空應(yīng)該填上表示真實(shí)的之意的形容詞，ABC項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：理想的，假的，事實(shí)上的，很明顯放在這兒都不是這樣的意思，不能使句意通順，只有D項(xiàng)有真實(shí)的意思，故D項(xiàng)最佳。

13. B 檢測(cè)動(dòng)詞的含義的準(zhǔn)確記憶與理解應(yīng)用。由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示進(jìn)行調(diào)整之意的動(dòng)詞，這四個(gè)詞中只有B項(xiàng)(調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié))有這樣的意思，而其余ACD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：收養(yǎng)，擴(kuò)大，雇傭，非常清楚，這些意思在都能是語意順暢，不符合此處的上下文之間語言邏輯，故B項(xiàng)為準(zhǔn)確答案。

14. C 檢測(cè)名詞的含義辨析及在語言邏輯方面的準(zhǔn)確應(yīng)用。聯(lián)系上下文的語境，及日常生活中的常識(shí)，由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示病毒之意的名詞，也即是C項(xiàng)，而ABD項(xiàng)這些詞語所表示的意思身體，細(xì)胞，藥品等等都和這兒的語言邏輯不相契合，故我們選擇C項(xiàng)為最佳答案。

15. A 檢測(cè)介詞的含義的準(zhǔn)確記憶與理解應(yīng)用。聯(lián)系上下文的語境，我們?nèi)菀淄评沓鲞@一句的語境是：和老祖母?jìng)円粯�，研究人員也不能肯定為什么睡得好能降低患感冒的幾率。經(jīng)過分析，我們不難確定此處應(yīng)該填上表示像……一樣之意的介詞，只有A項(xiàng)有這樣的意思，能使句意通順，而其余BCD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：作為，反對(duì)，經(jīng)過，很明顯放在這兒都不符合上下文之間語言邏輯，故我們選擇A項(xiàng)為最佳答案。

16. D 檢測(cè)連詞的含義辨析及在語言邏輯方面在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)的準(zhǔn)確應(yīng)用。由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示為什么之意的詞來引導(dǎo)賓語從句，很明顯ABC項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思：什么，何時(shí)，何地，放在這兒都不能使句意通順，故D項(xiàng)為準(zhǔn)確答案。

17. A 檢測(cè)動(dòng)詞的含義的準(zhǔn)確記憶與理解應(yīng)用。由第15題的分析我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示患上之意的動(dòng)詞，這四個(gè)詞中只有A項(xiàng)有這樣的意思，而其余BCD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：形成，斗爭(zhēng)，預(yù)防，這些意思在這兒都不符合此處的上下文之間語言邏輯，故B項(xiàng)為準(zhǔn)確答案。

18. C考查動(dòng)詞do用來表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的應(yīng)用。經(jīng)過分析，語意是：不過他們的確猜中了原因是：睡眠不良會(huì)影響人體對(duì)促炎細(xì)胞因子、組胺和其他為應(yīng)對(duì)病毒感染而釋放的癥狀調(diào)節(jié)因子的調(diào)節(jié)。這四個(gè)詞中只有C項(xiàng)有的確這樣的意思，而其余ABD項(xiàng)沒有這的用法，故我們選擇C項(xiàng)為最佳答案。

19. A 檢測(cè)形容詞的含義的準(zhǔn)確記憶與理解。聯(lián)系上下文的語境，及日常生活中的常識(shí)，我們?nèi)菀淄评沓鲞@一句的語境是：說白了，就是染上感冒病毒后睡覺時(shí)的輾轉(zhuǎn)反側(cè)可能是造成感冒癥狀的原因之一。經(jīng)過分析，我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示感染之意的動(dòng)詞，這四個(gè)詞中只有A項(xiàng)有這樣的意思，而其余ABD項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：包圍，限制，附加，很明顯放在這兒都不能使句意通順，故A項(xiàng)最佳。

20. D 考查動(dòng)詞的含義辨析及在語言邏輯方面的準(zhǔn)確應(yīng)用。由上一題的分析我們不難看出此處應(yīng)該填上表示造成之意的動(dòng)詞，ABC項(xiàng)依次分別所表達(dá)的意思是：拉，推廣，加快速度，和這兒的語言邏輯不相契合，而D項(xiàng)和to搭配之后的意思就是造成，句意通順，故D項(xiàng)最佳。

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There was one shop in the town of Mufulira which was widely known for its racial discrimination. It was a drugstore .While Europeans were served at the counter ,a long line of Africans queued at the window and often not only were kept waiting but were treated rudely by the shop assistants .One day I was determined to make a public protest （抗議）against this kind of thing ,and many of the schoolboys in my class followed me to the store.

       I simply went into the shop and asked the manager politely for some medicine. As soon as he saw me standing in the place where only European customers were allowed to stand ,he shouted at me in a bastard （怪聲怪氣的）language which is only used by a boss when speaking to his servants .I stood at the counter and politely requested in proper English that I should be served .The manager became angry and said , “Even if you stand till Christmas ,I will never serve you .”

       I went to the District Commissioner’s office .Fortunately ,he was out ,for he was one of the old school; however ,I saw a young District Officer who was a friend of mine .He was very concerned to hear my story and told me that all I had to do was come to him personally and he would buy my medicine for me .I protested that that was not good enough .I asked him to accompany me back to the store and to make a protest to the manager .This he did ,and I well remember him saying to the manager , “Here is Mr. Kaunda who is a responsible member of the Urban Advisory Council, and you treat him like a common servant .” The manager of the drugstore apologized and said , “If only he had introduced himself and explained who he was ,then ,of course ,I should have given him proper service.”

       I had to explain once again that he had missed my point .Why should I have to introduce myself every time I went into a store…any more than I should have to buy my medicine by going to a European friend ? I want to prove that any man of any color ,whatever his position ,should have the right to go into any shop and buy what he wanted .After all, the money which I paid across the counter was exactly the same money as was paid by a European customer.

The writer was ,at the time of the story ,      .

       A．a(chǎn) European officer   B．a(chǎn)n African servant

       C．a(chǎn) drugstore assistant D．a(chǎn) black school teacher

The manager of the drugstore shouted at the writer in dirty words because      .

       A．he could not speak English in a polite way

       B．he thought the writer couldn’t understand English

       C．that was the language he used when speaking to Africans

       D．that was the only language he could speak when he was angry

In paragraph 3, the underlined sentence “he was one of the old school” means      .

       A．he stuck to those old racial ideas

       B．he graduated from an old white school

       C．he was in charge of an old black school

Why didn’t the writer wait at the window of the drugstore like other Africans?

       A．He believed his white friends would help him out .

       B．He wanted to fight for equal rights of all black people.

       C．He thought he was educated and should be treated differently.

       D．He thought ,being an important person ,he should not be kept waiting.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2015屆廣東省惠州市高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

Once a young man was in deep love with a girl. This man folded 1,000 pieces of paper cranes (紙鶴) as a gift to his girl. Although he was a small branch manager in a company, and his __1__ didn’t seem too bright, they were very __2__ together until one day, his girl told him she was going to Paris and would never come back. She also told him that she couldn’t see any future for both of them, “so let’s go our own __3__ from now on…” The young man was __4__, but he agreed.

When he regained his __5__, he worked hard day and night, just to make something out of himself. Finally with all the _6__ work, this man set up his own __7__.

One rainy day, while this man was __8__, he saw an elderly couple sharing an umbrella in the rain, walking to somewhere. He __9__ that they were his ex-girlfriend’s (前女友)parents, so he drove slowly beside the couple, wanting them to find him in his expensive car and to know that he had his own company, car, etc.

To the man’s surprise, the couple were walking towards a cemetery (墓地). He got out of his car and followed them. And there he saw his ex-girlfriend —a photograph of her  __10__   as sweetly as ever at him from her tombstone, and those precious paper cranes in a glass bottle! He walked over and asked the couple why this had happened. They explained that __11__ she did not leave for France at all. She fell ill with cancer. In her heart, she had believed that he would __12_ some day. She didn’t want her __13__ to be his barrier(障礙). Therefore, she chose to leave him. She asked her __14__ to put his paper cranes beside her, because if the day comes when fate brings him to her again he can take some of those back with him.

The man just cried __15__. He was heartbroken once again.

1.                A．a(chǎn)ppearance     B．salary          C．future    D．a(chǎn)partment

 

2.                A．worried        B．regret          C．happy    D．sensitive

 

3.                A．futures         B．ways           C．goals D．courses

 

4.                A．excited         B．mad           C．puzzling  D．heartbroken

 

5.                A．confidence      B．position         C．independence D．freedom

 

6.                A．main           B．beautiful        C．hard D．heavy

 

7.                A．office          B．family          C．studio    D．company

 

8.                A．running        B．driving         C．walking   D．wandering

 

9.                A．recognized      B．noticed         C．understood    D．memorized

 

10.               A．glaring         B．talking         C．smiling    D．crying

 

11.               A．fortunately      B．recently        C．difficultly  D．a(chǎn)ctually

 

12.               A．come          B．make          C．succeed   D．suffer

 

13.               A．illness          B．heart          C．cranes    D．sadness

 

14.               A．husband        B．parents         C．friends    D．son

 

15.               A．heatedly        B．hardly          C．excitedly  D．sadly

 

 

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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆江蘇南京師大附中江寧分校高二下期末調(diào)研英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

New York has taken the title of the world’s top fashion capital from Milan. The annual survey suggest that the top five fashion cities are facing competition from Asia and Australia. New York had been the top fashion city for five years, but Milan took the title in 2009. The survey was made by the Global Language Monitor, a US based organization. It tracks the frequency（頻率） of words and phrases in the media, on the Internet and throughout the blog. With the US economy recovering, New York once again took the top title. Hong Kong took second place. It was followed by London, Paris and Los Angeles. The other top 10 cities were Milan, Sydney, Miami, Barcelona and Madrid.

“Because of the new economic situation, the global fashion centers have also changed a lot, ”said Bekka Payack. the Manhattan-based fashion reporter for the Global Language Monitor. “The new list shows that global fashion centers will change now and then. Compared with the traditional fashion cities, some new ones are performing better and better. ”She said that perhaps this is new trend, and it is the first sign that the traditional top five fashion cities——New York, Paris, London, Milan, and Rome——do not control global fashion any more.

The biggest changes in the list are Hong Kong, Madrid and Melbourne. The Group said that the top newcomers to the list include Amsterdam at number 17, Cape Town at 23, Johannesburg at 25 and Vienna at 27.

The following are the 10 top fashion cities of 2010 and the changes from 2009.

1. New York（up 1）    2. Hong Kong（up 5）

3. London（up 2）    4. Paris（down 1）

5. Los Angeles（up 1）   6. Milan（down 5）

7. Sydney（up 2）    8. Miami（up 5）

9. Barcelona（up 5）     10. Madrid（up 11）

1.New York has regained the title of the world’s top fashion capital mainly because __________.

A．the US economy has been recovering

B．Milan faced competition from other cities

C．few big cities took part in the competition

D．the survey was made by an American organization

2.Compared with the 2009 list, which of the following has the greatest change?

A．Hong Kong

B．Milan

C．Madrid

D．Barcelona

3.We can infer from the text that __________.

A．New York has lost the top title several times

B．a(chǎn)ll the traditional fashion cities are in the 2010 list

C．economic situations influence global fashion centers

D．new fashion cities have performed better than traditional ones

4.The text is probably taken from a __________.

A．science report

B．fashion magazine

C．geography textbook

D．history book

 

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