One day, when I was working as a psychologist in England，an adolescent boy showed up in my office. It was David. He kept walking up and down restlessly, his face pale, and his hands shaking slightly. His head teacher had referred him to me.  "This boy has lost his family," he wrote.  "He is understandably very sad and refuses to talk to others, and I'm very worried about him. Can you help?”

       I looked at David and showed him to a chair. How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, and which no words can describe. Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically

       The first two times we met, David didn't say a word. He sat there, only looking up to look at the children's drawings on the wall behind me. I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon一in complete silence and without looking at me. It's not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.

Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed. took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down. It seemed as if he enjoyed my company. But why did he never look at me?

       "Perhaps he simply needs someone to share his pain with," I thought. "Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering.” Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly.

       "It’s your turn," he said.

       After that day, David started talking. He got friends in school and joined a bicycle club. He wrote to me a few times about his biking with some friends, and about his plan to get into university. Now he had really started to live his own life.

       Maybe I gave David something. But I also learned that one一without any words一can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.

36. When he first met the author, David         .

A. felt a little excited

B. walked energetically

C. looked a little nervous

D. showed up with his teacher

37. As a psychologist, the author         .

A. was ready to listen to David

B. was skeptical about psychology

C. was able to describe David's problem

D. was sure of handling David's problem

38．David enjoyed being with the author because he________.

A．wanted to ask the author for advice

B．need to share sorrow with the author

C．liked the children’s drawings in the office

D．bear the author many times in the chess game

39．What can be inferred about David?

A．He recovered after months of treatment.

B．He liked biking before he lost his family.

C．He went into university soon after starting to talk.

D．He got friends in school before he met the author.

40．What made David change?

A．His teacher’s help.

B．The author’s friendship.

C．His exchange of letters with the author.

D．The  author’s silent communication with  him.

【圖式導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文，作者以第一人稱的口吻講述了自己作為精神病醫(yī)生，為一位青年患者進(jìn)行治療的經(jīng)過(guò)。文章于最后一段點(diǎn)出主題：有時(shí)候一個(gè)人可以不需要用語(yǔ)語(yǔ)也可以深入到另一個(gè)人的內(nèi)心：一個(gè)擁抱、哭泣時(shí)依靠的一個(gè)肩膀、一個(gè)友好的觸摸或者僅僅是做一個(gè)傾聽(tīng)者。

快速掌握大意圖

段落

關(guān)鍵詞

大意推測(cè)

第一部分（Para. 1）

when I was working as a psychologist in England，an adolescent boy ，David， has lost his family，very sad and refuses to talk to others，worried about him

交代故事發(fā)生的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)：我在英國(guó)做精神病醫(yī)生時(shí)；交代故事的主人公：一位成年的青年患者。

第二部分（Para.2）

How could I help him? There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to， Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically

我對(duì)他的治療以及對(duì)精神病例的思索與看法。

第三部分（Para. 3-4）

The first two times， didn't say a word，I suggested we play a game of chess. He nodded. he played chess with me every Wednesday afternoon一in complete silence and without looking at me，I made sure David won once or twice，arrived earlier，as if he enjoyed my company，never look at me

他在前兩次治療期間的反應(yīng)：不說(shuō)話、喜歡跟我下棋、我們經(jīng)常下棋，我會(huì)讓人贏，他來(lái)得很早，似乎很喜歡我的作陪，但從來(lái)不看我。

第四部分（Para. 5—7）

…I thought…Some months later, he looked up at me suddenly，started talking，got friends in school and joined a bicycle club, wrote to me， Now he had really started to live his own life.

我對(duì)他的思索以及他的變化：大概幾個(gè)月后他突然看我了，然后他開(kāi)始說(shuō)話了，在學(xué)校里也有了朋友，并且參加了自行車(chē)俱樂(lè)部，還幾次寫(xiě)信給我，他真正開(kāi)始了自己的生活。

第四部分（Para.8）

I also learned that one…can reach out to another person, …a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens

點(diǎn)出本文主題：有時(shí)候一個(gè)人可以不需要用言語(yǔ)也可以深入到另一個(gè)人的內(nèi)心：一個(gè)擁抱、哭泣時(shí)可以依靠的一個(gè)肩膀、一個(gè)友好的觸摸或者僅僅是做一個(gè)傾聽(tīng)者。

【解析】

36. 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞David定位信息于第一段。根據(jù)信息He kept… walking up and down restlessly（不安地），可以判斷選項(xiàng)C為正確答案。nervous與原文中的restlessly為同義詞不同詞性的復(fù)現(xiàn)。

37. D．推理判斷題。從第二段末兩句，作者對(duì)于精神病的看法可以得知，作者對(duì)于精神病例的治療很有治療經(jīng)驗(yàn)，判斷作者對(duì)于治療David的病“很有把握”，D項(xiàng)為正確答案。

干擾項(xiàng)排除：A項(xiàng)“愿意傾聽(tīng)David的訴說(shuō)”為最大干擾項(xiàng)。貌似與原文第二段末句Sometimes the best thing one can do is to listen openly and sympathetically（有時(shí)候能為患者做的最好的事情是以坦誠(chéng)和同情心去傾聽(tīng)）從邏輯上一致，但本句僅為作者對(duì)于精神病患者從籠統(tǒng)意義上的看法，該項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在了推理過(guò)度。B項(xiàng)“對(duì)于精神病學(xué)持懷疑態(tài)度”，根據(jù)文章首段首句“作者是一個(gè)精神病醫(yī)生“可排除該項(xiàng)。C項(xiàng)“能夠描述David的病情，與第二段第二句There are problems…no words can describe相悖。

38. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞enjoyed being with the author定位信息于原文第三段第二句。詳讀整段文字，尋找原因（他的表現(xiàn)）。根據(jù)首句Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed（他通常都比約定時(shí)間早到），結(jié)合末句It seemed as if he enjoyed my company，可以推斷，作者通過(guò)David通常都早來(lái)的表現(xiàn)，得出David很喜歡和自己呆在一起。看選項(xiàng)，D項(xiàng)“因?yàn)樗谙缕鍟r(shí)容忍了作者好多次”符合邏輯。

39. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段末句和第五段：Some months later, when we were playing chess, he looked up at me suddenly. "It’s your turn," he said.知道，幾個(gè)月后的一天David開(kāi)始看我并開(kāi)始對(duì)我說(shuō)話了。再根據(jù)第六段全段可知：從那天起，他開(kāi)始說(shuō)話，并且交了朋友、參加了社團(tuán)等”，而且從此“開(kāi)始了新生活（末句）”。而且根據(jù)He wrote to me a few times，得知，這些都是他結(jié)束治療寫(xiě)信告訴我的，判斷：A項(xiàng)“幾個(gè)月的治療之后，他痊愈了�！睘檎_答案。

40．推理判斷題。立足全文：作者對(duì)David在治療過(guò)程中的描述中，David在治療的前幾個(gè)月，“didn't say a word”，“in complete silence and without looking at me”以及作者的思索“Perhaps he senses that I respect his suffering”可知作者對(duì)于David的治療主要采取的是無(wú)聲的陪伴。故D為正確答案：是“作者與他的無(wú)聲交流”使David改變了。同時(shí)D選項(xiàng)也符合末段第二句交代的文章主旨：But I also learned that one一without any words一can reach out to another person. （有時(shí)候一個(gè)人可以不需要用言語(yǔ)也可以深入到另一個(gè)人的內(nèi)心）。

【難句學(xué)習(xí)】

1．He sat there, only looking up to look at the children's drawings on the wall behind me.

【翻譯】他坐在那里，只是抬頭看著我身后的墻上的幾幅兒童畫(huà)。

【分析】本句的主句為He sat there，only looking…為現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。

2．It's not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit I made sure David won once or twice.

【翻譯】下棋不太容易作弊，但是我承認(rèn)，我會(huì)確保讓David贏上一兩次。

【分析】本句為并列句結(jié)構(gòu)，but引導(dǎo)表轉(zhuǎn)折意義的并列分句。第一個(gè)分句中，it為形式主語(yǔ)，to cheat in chess為不定式作真實(shí)主語(yǔ)。在第二個(gè)分句中，I admit之后為省略了that的賓語(yǔ)從句。

3．Usually, he arrived earlier than agreed. took the chess board and pieces from the shelf and began setting them up before I even got a chance to sit down.

【翻譯】通常他都比約定的時(shí)間來(lái)得早，然后架子上拿出棋盤(pán)和棋子，在我有空坐下來(lái)之前開(kāi)始擺棋子。

【分析】本句中，before引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。主句中，he為主語(yǔ)，arrived, took, began為并列謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。

4． But I also learned that one一without any words一can reach out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a shoulder to cry on, a friendly touch, and an ear that listens.

【翻譯】但是我同時(shí)也明白了：有時(shí)候一個(gè)人不需要用言語(yǔ)也可以走進(jìn)到另一個(gè)人的內(nèi)心深處。

【分析】本句的主體結(jié)構(gòu)為But I also learned…，that之后為賓語(yǔ)從句，without any words為插入語(yǔ)。

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