Question

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)（選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)）．并在答案卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

Urbanization

Until relatively recently, the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city. The first city was probably founded no more than 5,500 years ago.     1._  . In fact, nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural (鄉(xiāng)村的) villages. It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history--- a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.

Britain was only the beginning.         2._   .The process of urbanization--- the migration (遷移) of people from the countryside to the city--- was the result of modernization, which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.

In 1990, fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas. Today, over 82% of Americans live in cities. Only about 2% live on farms.     3.          .

Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized. Even in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.  _4. . Until modern times, those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英) and the servants, laborers and professionals who served them. Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.

Over the past two centuries, the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.            5._  . Today, instead of needing ninety-five farmers to feed five city people, one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.

A. That kept cities very small.

B. The rest live in small towns.

C. The effects of urban living on people should be considered.

D. Soon many other industrial nations become urban societies.

E. But even 200 years ago, only a few people could live in cities.

F. Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.

G. Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.E

2.D

3.B

4.A

5.F

【解析】

試題分析：本文講述了城市化的進(jìn)程。從第一個(gè)城市的出現(xiàn)到現(xiàn)代社會的形成，從少數(shù)人居住在城市到絕大多數(shù)人遷移到城市，在這個(gè)過程中工業(yè)革命起了非常重要的作用。

1.E考察語境理解及推理判斷能力。根據(jù)空前面句子可知早在5，500年前就建立了第一個(gè)城市，而后面句子卻說幾乎每個(gè)人都住在農(nóng)場或小村莊里，所以71空應(yīng)該是說明城市發(fā)展很緩慢的句子，承上啟下而且表示轉(zhuǎn)折，由此判斷E為正確選項(xiàng)。句意：但是200年前才有很少的人能夠住在城市里。

2.D考察上下文的語境理解能力。 空前面句子Britain became the first urban society ；Britain was only the beginning. 表明了城市化的開始，那么72空應(yīng)該是講城市的發(fā)展，所以很多其他的工業(yè)化國家也成為了都市社會。故D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.B考查上下文的理解及推理判斷能力。前面句子 用數(shù)字fewer than 40% o和over 82% of Americans live in cities.進(jìn)行對比，所以73空也應(yīng)該與后面 Only about 2% live on farms.構(gòu)成對比，故B選項(xiàng)正確。

4.A考查上下文的理解及推理判斷能力�？涨懊娴木渥覧ven in advanced agricultural societies, it took about ninety-five people on farms to feed five people in cities.是說甚至在先進(jìn)的農(nóng)業(yè)社會，得需要農(nóng)場里的95個(gè)人才能養(yǎng)活城市里的5個(gè)人，所以后面句子應(yīng)該是由此引出的結(jié)果，這就使得城市規(guī)模比較小。所以A選項(xiàng)正確

5.F考查上下文的理解及推理判斷能力�？涨懊婢渥诱f工業(yè)革命打破了城市和農(nóng)村的平衡，空后面的句子應(yīng)該同樣是表明工業(yè)革命影響的句子 ，由此判斷F為正確選項(xiàng)。句意：現(xiàn)代化把人們吸引到了城市而且使得農(nóng)民們更高產(chǎn)了。

考點(diǎn)：信息匹配。